Mongolia Research Articles

Картографирование редких видов сосудистых растений Байкальского региона

Abstract: Rezults of regional mapping of rare species vascular plants were represented for the Baikalsky natural area. Maps have been carried out for regional atlases, covering areas of administrative regions of Russian Federation and Republic of Mongolia. Such spatial representation gives unbiased information on occurrence of rare species in region. Mapping were conducted with creation of integrated database on rare plant species, including information on categories of population state assessment of each specia in regional Red Books, Red Book of Russia and of Mongolia, on type of habitat, on belonging to belt-zonal groups, positioning of location in accordance with ecological conditions, in system of physical-geographical regionalization and others. Main mode of representation was taken point method of mapping with geometrical signs, differed by color. These materials give possibility to analyze spatial patterns of plant habitat locations and to match with other thematic maps, to understand causes of geographical plant distribution. It is basic information for floristic research development, for assessment of rare species plant status in region, for arranging rare species monitoring and developing recommendations on plant and their habitat site conservations under intensifying economic activity and tourism.

Characteristics of the Copper Mineralization in Tsogttsetsii Area, Mongolia

반암동 광화작용이 수반된 관입암체로 이루어진 촉트체치 지역은 몽골 남부 중앙아시아 조산대의 구르반사이한 호상열도 지형에 위치한다. 이러한 촉트체치 지역에서 예비조사를 수행하였다. 촉트체치 지역의 동 광화작용은 페름기에 관입한 알칼리 화강암과 관련된 반암동 광상이다. 공작석이 산출되는 알칼리 화강암 지역에서 프로필리틱 변질대가 넓게 분포한다. 편광현미경에서 확인된 광석광물은 자철석, 황철석, 반동석이다. 프로필리틱 변질대 시료에서는 석영, 견운모, 녹니석, 녹렴석 등이 관찰되었다. XRD와 SEM-EDS 분석 결과 동 광물은 주로 공작석과 적동석으로 이루어진다. 공작석 산출지에서 채취한 시료의 평균 동 함량은 759 ppm이고 최대 동 함량은 6190 ppm이다. 촉트체치 지역의 광화작용 특성은 촉트체치 지역으로부터 남쪽으로 56 km 떨어진 오유 톨고이 동-금(-몰리브덴) 광상 및 북동쪽으로 120 km 떨어진 차간 수바르가 동-몰리브덴 광상과 유사하다. 조사지역의 지질, 지구조 환경, 암상, 광물, 변질 등이 다른 반암동 광상과 유사한 특성을 갖는다. 따라서 촉트체치동 광화 지역에 대해 지하 광체 확인을 위한 IP 탐사를 포함한 추가 광물자원 탐사가 필요하다.

A NEW SPECIES OF THE GENUS AEROPEDELLUS FROM HOVSGOL PROVINCE (ORTHOPTERA, ACRIDIDAE: GOMPHOCERINAE)

We have described a new species of genus Aeropedellus from Mongolia. We collected the specimens from near the Tunamalnuur, Tsagaanuul Sum, Hovsgol Province, Mongolia. The diagnosis and the detail description of the species are provided in this paper.

Trends in amenable mortality rate in the Mongolian population, 2007-2014.

Amenable mortality (AM) is an indicator of medical care quality. This study aimed to assess the trend and magnitude of AM in Mongolia, with the purpose of providing evidence for decisions on resource allocation. This is the first study on AM trends in Mongolia. Retrospective analysis was done on mortality statistics for the period 2007-2014. Causes of death were coded according to the 10th revision of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10). Nolte & McKee's classification of AM was used for the estimation of amenable mortality rates (AMRs) in Mongolia. During the study period, a total of 130,402 deaths were registered in Mongolia, of which 44,800 (34.4%) deaths were classified as being amenable. The age-standardized AMR per 100,000 population was highest in 2007 (226.6), and declined continuously until the level of 169.2 in 2014. The rate remained consistently higher in males than in females. Cerebrovascular diseases, ischemic heart diseases, perinatal deaths, influenza/pneumonia/asthma and tuberculosis were the leading causes of AM in the past eight years in Mongolia. The AMR was higher in remote western provinces with harsh weather conditions, high poverty rates, lack of human resources for health, and poor infrastructure. In addition, the provinces where Mongolia's ethnic minorities live tended to have a higher AMR. The government of Mongolia needs to critically look at the regional differences in AM in order to allocate health resources, including human resources, effectively. Further studies are needed to look into the causes of regional disparities in AM, individual-level risk factors to amenable deaths, and validity of death coding in health sector.

Палеолитическое заселение Монголии: по данным абсолютной хронологии

Палеолитическое заселение Монголии: по данным абсолютной хронологии

The history of activity of consulates of Russia in Mongolia (1861-1917)

The history of activity of consulates of Russia in Mongolia (1861-1917)

Role and Function of the Site of Boroo Gol (Töv, Mongolia)

Role and Function of the Site of Boroo Gol (Töv, Mongolia)

Мои учителя и Монголия

Мои учителя и Монголия

SOCIO-CULTURAL ENVIRONMENT OF EDUCATION IN THE CONDITIONS OF FORMATION HIGH PEDAGOGICAL SCHOOL IN THE INNER ASIA REGIONS (EXAMPLE OF ULAN-UDE (BURYATIA, RUSSIA) AND HOHHOT (INNER MONGOLIA AUTONOMOUS REGION, CHINA))

В статье освещаются некоторые аспекты становления и формирования педагогической высшей школы в Республике Бурятия и Автономном районе Внутренняя Монголия. Актуальность рассматриваемой проблематики обусловлена важностью осмысления перемен, происходящих в XX веке в образовательных системах, и ее влияния на современные процессы, необходимостью анализа и выявления причин трансформационных процессов, происходящих в системе образования, что невозможно без учета опыта прошлого поколения. Методологической основой исследования является исторический метод, а также системный и структурно-функциональный анализ. Результаты данного исследования позволят выявить особенности развития и становления педагогической высшей школы с учетом исторического развития и национального колорита регионов Внутренней Азии, и имеют непосредственное отношение к одной из самых острых, актуальных проблем современности, а именно – к проблеме культурной, информационной и образовательной безопасности. Полученные результаты могут быть использованы в работе органов государственной власти, занимающихся разработкой государственной политики в области образования, при чтении курсов, спецсеминаров по педагогике и истории педагогики для студентов и специалистов гуманитарных специальностей.

Effects of ABO blood group factors on erythrocyte suspension transfusion reactions

Objective To investigate the effects of ABO blood group factors on erythrocyte suspension(RCS)transfusion reactions in patients. Methods Test Ⅰ A total of 12 600 patients in whom RCS was transfused during operation at the department of anesthesiology of 11 hospitals of Inner Mongolia from January 2006 to January 2014 were selected.The occurrence of transfusion reactions(fever [an increase in body temperature>1 ℃ than that before transfusion], allergy, hemolysis)was recorded in the patients.Test Ⅱ A total of 120 RCS-transfused patients of both sexes, aged 18-55 yr, weighing 45-75 kg, of American Society of Anesthesiologists physical statusⅠ or Ⅱ, who underwent surgical operation, were divided into 4 groups(n=30 each)according to the blood group: blood group A group(group A), blood group B group(group B), blood group O group(group O)and blood group AB group(group AB). The standard for RCS transfusion was defined as hemoglobin(Hb) 10 g/L.Before induction of anesthesia(T1), before blood transfusion(T2), and at 5 min, and 1, 6 and 24 h after blood transfusion(T3-6), blood samples were collected from the central vein for determination of the plasma tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α), interleukin-4(IL-4)and IL-10 concentrations by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results Among the 12 600 RCS-transfused patients, 216 cases developed transfusion reactions, and the incidence of transfusion reactions was 1.714%.For the patients of different blood groups, the incidence of transfusion reactions from the high to the low was blood group B, blood group AB, blood group A, and blood group O in turn(P<0.05 or 0.01). Compared with group B, the plasma TNF-α and IL-10 concentrations were significantly decreased, and the plasma IL-4 concentrations were increased at T3-T6 in the other three groups(P<0.05). Compared with group AB, the plasma TNF-α and IL-10 concentrations were significantly decreased, and the plasma IL-4 concentrations were increased at T3-T6 in A and O groups(P<0.05). Compared with group O, the plasma TNF-α and IL-10 concentrations were significantly decreased, and the plasma IL-4 concentrations were increased at T3-T6 in group A(P<0.05). Conclusion ABO blood group factors affect RCS transfusion reactions in the patients, and the incidence of transfusion reactions from the high to the low is blood group B, blood group AB, blood group A, and blood group O in turn. Key words: ABO blood-group system; Blood component transfusion

Abstract LB-C06: Early prognostic significance of circulating laminin γ2-chain fragment in non-small-cell lung cancer

Abstract Background: Laminin γ2-chain (Ln-γ2), a distinctive subunit of heterotrimeric laminin-332, is frequently up-regulated in various types of carcinomas, and is of great importance in the biological processes including cell migration and tumor invasion. Despite of this, the status of circulating Ln-γ2 fragment in lung cancer patients is still uncertain. Methods: In this study, serum samples from 538 all-stage (stage I-IV) patients of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and 94 age-matched normal volunteers were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Data were statistically analyzed in combination with clinicopathological information. Results: Compared to the normal controls, serum Ln-γ2 concentration is drastically increased in NSCLC patients (P &amp;lt; 0.001), even in early cases of stage I patients (P &amp;lt; 0.001). Furthermore, our data suggested that serum Ln-γ2 level was in close correlation to male gender (P &amp;lt; 0.001) and smoking status (P &amp;lt; 0.001) with a higher positive rate relative to each counterpart, but was not significant between adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma histologies (P = 0.879). We also found that circulating Ln-γ2 could reflect the progression of lung cancer with higher serum levels or positive rates in higher tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stages. Survival analysis on 370 eligible patients who underwent a follow-up examination up to 4 years indicated that patients of serum Ln-γ2 positive group survived markedly shorter compared with those in the negative group (P = 0.028), and it was especially the case for clinical stage I (N = 72, P &amp;lt; 0.001) and stage T1 (N = 67, P = 0.001), even for stage N0 patients (N = 148, P = 0.038), which all represent groups of early cases. As for the patients of advanced stages, however, it was not the case that the overall survival rates between Ln-γ2 positive and negative patients were not significantly different among clinical stages II-IV (P = 0.830), stages T2-4 (P = 0.575), stages N1-3 (P = 0.669), and stage M1 (P = 0.849) groups, respectively. Subsequently, Cox regression analysis was performed to define serum Ln-γ2 as an independent prognostic indicator in the all-stage NSCLC cases (N = 370, univariate, P = 0.035; multivariate, P = 0.007). Worthy of note, however, in the multivariate analysis on those more advanced cases (stage II-IV), no statistical significance was observed on the serum levels of Ln-γ2 (N = 298, P = 0.234). Conclusion: In summary, our study suggests circulating Ln-γ2 to be a promising diagnostic biomarker for early-stage NSCLC and an effective indicator of tumor progression. It is proposed that circulating Ln-γ2 might be important and applicable for the prognosis of early-stage NSCLC patients, rather than that of advanced cases. Citation Format: Yu Teng, Li Ma, Xiaoting Zhao, Lina Zhang, Meng Gu, Yue Wang, Wentao Yue. Early prognostic significance of circulating laminin γ2-chain fragment in non-small-cell lung cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR-NCI-EORTC International Conference: Molecular Targets and Cancer Therapeutics; 2015 Nov 5-9; Boston, MA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Mol Cancer Ther 2015;14(12 Suppl 2):Abstract nr LB-C06.

Ultrasound in Mongolia.

Ultrasound in Mongolia.

The risk factors of the land registration system in Mongolia

이 연구의 개발 시스템은 권리 소유자 및 외자 유치와 관련된 다른 부동산 권한에 대한 보안을 제공하기 위해, 토지, 건물에 대한 등록을 통일 할 필요가 있다는 가정에 기초한다. 부동산 등록 시스템은 시장 경제가 제대로 작동하기 위한 중요한 도구 뿐만 아니라, 이중 등록, 분할 양도 토지 자원의 지속 가능 성이다. 몽골과 같은 전환 국가에서 도입 법률 및 경제 개혁에 따라, 이중 등 록 시스템이 필요한 것보다. 분할 양도가 하나의 통합 시스템으로 가지는 것이 중요하다.

Survey of hospital infection management staff in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region

To study the status of hospital infection management staff of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. The respondents completed the unified questionnaire. The person entered into the computer after checking, using EXCEL software for analysis. This survey involved 341 hospital infection management staffs, with an average age of 41.59 years. Professional background in nursing accounted for 59.53%. Bachelor degree or above accounted for 52.20%.The number of senior professional titles accounted for 40.47%. 78.09% of the staffs did not involve in the research. 36.58% of the staffs had special training or experience to lecture. Received provincial and national professional training staff accounted for 41.08% and 13.62%. Never received professional training in management of hospital infection accounted for 27.70%. 59.95% of the staff was never participated in academic exchanges. The hospital should give appropriate preferential treatment to the hospital infection management department in term of introduction of talent, job promotion, research, conference expenses and so on. Construction of a high-quality management team to improve the hospital infection management in our region.

Strengthening the conservation and sustainable use of plant genetic resources for food and agriculture in Mongolia

No Abstract AvailableJournal of agricultural sciences №15 (02): 173-179, 2015

The Cossidae (Lepidoptera) of Mongolia

An annotated list of the Cossidae of Mongolia includes two subfamilies, 12 genera, and 23 species.

Геоинформационное ландшафтно-экологическое картографирование бассейна озера Байкал (в пределах России и Монголии)

Геоинформационное ландшафтно-экологическое картографирование бассейна озера Байкал (в пределах России и Монголии)

Вербальные константы в обрядах тувинцев России, Китая и Монголии

Вербальные константы в обрядах тувинцев России, Китая и Монголии

Differentiating anthropogenic modification and precipitation-driven change on vegetation productivity on the Mongolian Plateau

The Mongolian Plateau, comprising Inner Mongolia, China (IM) and Mongolia (MG) is undergoing consistent warming and accelerated land cover/land use change. Extensive modifications of water-limited regions can alter ecosystem function and processes; hence, it is important to differentiate the impacts of human activities and precipitation dynamics on vegetation productivity. This study distinguished between human-induced and precipitation-driven changes in vegetation cover on the plateau across biome, vegetation type and administrative divisions. Non-parametric trend tests were applied to the time series of vegetation indices (VI) derived from MODIS and AVHRR and precipitation from TRMM and MERRA reanalysis data. VI residuals adjusted for rainfall were obtained from the regression between growing season maximum VI and monthly accumulated rainfall (June–August) and were used to detect human-induced trends in vegetation productivity during 1981–2010. The total livestock and population density trends were identified and then used to explain the VI residual trends. The slope of precipitation-adjusted EVI and EVI2 residuals were negatively correlated to total livestock density (R2 = 0.59 and 0.16, p < 0.05) in MG and positively correlated with total population density (R2 = 0.31, p < 0.05) in IM. The slope of precipitation-adjusted EVI and EVI2 residuals were also negatively correlated with goat density (R2 = 0.59 and 0.19, p < 0.05) and sheep density in MG (R2 = 0.59 and 0.13, p < 0.05) but not in IM. Some administrative subdivisions in IM and MG showed decreasing trends in VI residuals. These trends could be attributed to increasing livestock or population density and changes in livestock herd composition. Other subdivisions showed increasing trends residuals, suggesting that the vegetation cover increase could be attributed to conservation efforts.

Naming and rediagnosing the Cretaceous gekkonomorph (Reptilia, Squamata) from Öösh (Övörkhangai, Mongolia)

http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:F16D073A-A0E2-4CA6-B797-756847D7C5AD