Moment Of Injury Research Articles

The Role of Biomaterials as Angiogenic Modulators of Spinal Cord Injury: Mimetics of the Spinal Cord, Cell and Angiogenic Factor Delivery Agents.

Spinal cord injury (SCI) represents an extremely debilitating condition for which no efficacious treatment is available. One of the main contributors to the inhospitable environment found in SCI is the vascular disruption that happens at the moment of injury that compromises the blood-spinal cord barrier (BSCB) and triggers a cascade of events that includes infiltration of inflammatory cells, ischemia and intraparenchymal hemorrhage. Due to the unsatisfactory nature of revascularization following SCI, restoring vascular perfusion and the BSCB seems an interesting way of modulating the lesion environment into a regenerative phenotype, with a potential increase in functional recovery. Certain biomaterials possess interesting features to enhance SCI therapies, and in fact have been applied as angiogenic promoters in other pathologies. The present mini-review intends to highlight the contribution that biomaterials could make in the development of novel therapeutic solutions able to restore proper vascularization and the BSCB.

THE ROLE OF POST-TRAUMATIC HYPOTENSIA IN THE TREATMENT OF TRAUMATIC DISEASE

This study is based on the experience of treating 127 victims with a diagnosis of “Polytrauma, shock II-III degree” with soft tissue injuries, fractures of the upper and lower extremities, pelvis, spine, chest, abdominal organs without loss of consciousness, which the team at the scene emergency medical assistance was provided to the ambulance, and in the anesthesiology and resuscitation department of the “AI. Meshchaninov Hospital of Emergency Medicine”. The three groups were formed: 40, 51 and 36 victims with randomization by severity of injury (ISS scale), severity of general condition at the time of admission (APACHE II scale), by duration from the moment of injury to admission to hospital, by structure of injury and on a scale of Glasgow. In each of the periods, a different local protocol of anti-shock intensive care was applied. In all patients, the mean, systolic and diastolic blood pressure was repeatedly measured, and the heart rate was recorded. At the hospital stage during the first 2 hours from the moment of receipt, these parameters were determined with an interval of 5 minutes. At the same time, average values for the entire observation period were used for the calculation - in the hospital and at the prehospital stage. The stroke volume, the minute blood volume, the cardiac index, and the total peripheral vascular resistance were also determined. Hemodynamic parameters were analyzed at various stages of medical care, the number of complications, the length of stay in the intensive care unit and the mortality rate in patients. Based on the results obtained, an intensive care algorithm was formed for a polytrauma with signs of hypovolemic shock, aimed at obtaining the maximum result in the shortest possible time and allowing reduce the number of complications and postoperative mortality.

METABOLIC DETERMINANTS OF IMMUNE REACTIVITY

As a result of the study of the dynamics of nutritional and immune status in patients with severe trauma in the first 30 days of the posttraumatic period, the interrelations between the parameters of metabolism and the immune system were revealed and the predominant influence of a number of nutrients on the state of the various type of immune response was revealed. Data were obtained indicating the change in the need for immunonutrients at different times from the moment of injury. Prospective approaches to nutritional immunocorrection in patients with trauma, consisting in the differential use of separate nutrients at different period after trauma, have been identified (9 figs, bibliography: 9 refs).

The bidirectional gut-brain-microbiota axis as a potential nexus between traumatic brain injury, inflammation, and disease

As head injuries and their sequelae have become an increasingly salient matter of public health, experts in the field have made great progress elucidating the biological processes occurring within the brain at the moment of injury and throughout the recovery thereafter. Given the extraordinary rate at which our collective knowledge of neurotrauma has grown, new insights may be revealed by examining the existing literature across disciplines with a new perspective. This article will aim to expand the scope of this rapidly evolving field of research beyond the confines of the central nervous system (CNS). Specifically, we will examine the extent to which the bidirectional influence of the gut-brain axis modulates the complex biological processes occurring at the time of traumatic brain injury (TBI) and over the days, months, and years that follow. In addition to local enteric signals originating in the gut, it is well accepted that gastrointestinal (GI) physiology is highly regulated by innervation from the CNS. Conversely, emerging data suggests that the function and health of the CNS is modulated by the interaction between 1) neurotransmitters, immune signaling, hormones, and neuropeptides produced in the gut, 2) the composition of the gut microbiota, and 3) integrity of the intestinal wall serving as a barrier to the external environment. Specific to TBI, existing pre-clinical data indicates that head injuries can cause structural and functional damage to the GI tract, but research directly investigating the neuronal consequences of this intestinal damage is lacking. Despite this void, the proposed mechanisms emanating from a damaged gut are closely implicated in the inflammatory processes known to promote neuropathology in the brain following TBI, which suggests the gut-brain axis may be a therapeutic target to reduce the risk of Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy and other neurodegenerative diseases following TBI. To better appreciate how various peripheral influences are implicated in the health of the CNS following TBI, this paper will also review the secondary biological injury mechanisms and the dynamic pathophysiological response to neurotrauma. Together, this review article will attempt to connect the dots to reveal novel insights into the bidirectional influence of the gut-brain axis and propose a conceptual model relevant to the recovery from TBI and subsequent risk for future neurological conditions.

The analysis of comorbidities in geriatric patients with proximal femur fracture

The frequency of proximal femur fractures is 35 – 40 % in the structure of different skeletal fractures. Elderly people, usually having several somatic diseases, are the main contingent of patients with fractures of this localization. Comorbidities and general condition of patients should be considered for treatment strategy determination. Aim. To study comorbidities structure in geriatric patients with proximal femur fractures and to estimate comorbidities influence on the choice of the treatment strategy. Materrials and methods. 568 case histories of patients, hospitalized in the trauma department of Kharkiv clinical multy-field hospital № 17 with proximal femur fractures during 2008 – 2014, were analyzed. Results. Most of the patients had low energy trauma. 568 patients were included in the research; 205 (36.09 %) of them were males, and 363 (63.91 %) – females. The age of patients ranged from 62 to 97 (the average age 79.2±9.1). Comorbidities were found in 378 patients (66.5 %). The time from the moment of injury to hospitalization ranged from 30 minutes to 4 weeks (25 hours on the average). The average number of bed capacity was 17 days (from 1 to 84 days). In 72.7 % of cases coronary heart disease was found, in 47.6 % - hypertension, and diabetes mellitus – in 10.8 %. One comorbidity was found in 131 patients (34.65%), two comorbidities – in 153 patients (40.47 %), three or more was found in 84 patients (22.22 %). The surgical treatment was applied in 29.5 7% of cases, conservative – in 70.42 % of cases. Conclusion. The elderly patients in 66.5% of cases have comorbidities, and cardiovascular pathology is the most common. The patients with the giving fractures need more detailed examination to select the optimal treatment strategy

The efficient method for the forensic medical investigation of the thoracic wound channels for the reconstruction of the victim's body position at the moment of injury

The objective of the present study was the development of the expert action algorithm for the purpose of forensic medical expertise of a corpse with punctured, stab and slash, and gunshot wounds with the purpose of reconstruction of the victim's body position at the moment of injury. The following methods were proposed based on the results of the study: the method for the access to the internal organs of the corpse allowing to preserve the configuration of the thoracic wound channels during the full-scale autopsy for its subsequent evaluation and the method for the reconstruction of the initial shape of the wound channels in the body and the extremities and thereby to facilitate the forensic medical expertise examination of the corpse. In addition, the real-world examples are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach to the planning, organization, and performance of the expert actions for the purpose of the reconstruction of the victim's body position at the moment of injury.

Tooth loss and survival analysis after traumatic injuries in primary dentition

Background/Aim: The aim of the present study was to investigate the treatment options, survival rate of traumatized primary teeth and evaluate the factors influencing the outcome. Material and Methods: The sample consisted of all dental trauma cases treated over a 14 years period at the Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Dental Clinic of Vojvodina, Novi Sad. Criteria for inclusion in this study were: dental trauma to primary teeth and age in the moment of injury up to seven years. Dental trauma records were analyzed in order to obtain the following: gender and age of the child at the time of trauma, type of trauma, as well as the type and timing of treatment received. After data analysis a survival rate of traumatized primary teeth was evaluated. Results: The study was designed as retrospective and it included 225 children, with 346 traumatized primary teeth. The occurrence of trauma was higher in male patients (60,4%) and in children up to 4 years of age. Luxations were more frequent (72.8%) compared to isolated teeth fractures (20.8%), while the two types of injury combined were rare (6,3%). One year following dental trauma 231 teeth (0.67%) developed complications. Falls were the main cause of trauma (68.9%) and the presence of more than one traumatized tooth was frequent. A percentage of 48.8 children received dental care during first 24 h after the injury. Conclusions: Survival of injured primary teeth is relatively low, regardless of trauma type, time interval between injury and treatment and the type of provided treatment.

Functional Status of People Operated of Total Median Nerve Injuries

Objective: Describe functional status of people with total median nerve injuries at wrist level operated and rehabilitated in a public orthopedic hospital. Materials and Methods: Exploratory, retrospective case analysis. Population corresponds to participants with median nerve injury operated and rehabilitated through sensory reeducation protocol, in an orthopedic hospital in Santiago, Chile, between 18 and 60 years old between May 2013 and May 2014. Exclusion criteria include participants with an incomplete assessment recorded in hospital’s clinical record. Data were obtained from clinical records, taking into consideration: mechanical detection threshold, static and dynamic 2-point discrimination, palmar abduction grip, and lateral and three-digit pinch strength. The outcomes are as follows: cause of injury, tendon injury associated, time between injury and surgery, time between surgery and assessment, age at surgery, quantity of therapy sessions, static and dynamic 2-point discrimination, mechanical detection threshold, palmar abduction manual muscle test, grip, and lateral and three-digit pinch strength. Data were tabulated and analyzed with SPSS v23.0 software, and distribution and descriptive analysis was conducted for parametric data. This study has approval of the ethics committee of the establishment. Results: Six patients had complete data for this study. All data distributed normally with Shapiro-Wilk test. Five were males and 1 female, average age of at the moment of injury was 35.1 (standard deviation [SD] = 9.19) years old, 5 out of 6 were right-handed, 4 were injured by glass, 1 by knife, and 1 by circular saw, and, in average, people had to wait 11.17 (SD = 7.05) days for repair surgery. All the cases had associated tendon injury that was also repaired in the surgery. The participants received between 10 and 54 sessions of physiotherapy that lasted 19 weeks on average. Only 3 of the 6 participants were given the medical clearance. The functional assessment took place 24 weeks after surgery on average; half the participants ended their rehabilitation period with at least 4.31 points when evaluated with Semmes-Weinstein Monofilaments. In static 2-point discrimination, 66.6% had less than 6 mm, and in dynamic 2-point discrimination, 4 participants had less than 6 mm; the rest was over this threshold. Four out of 6 had M3 in the manual muscle test of the palmar abduction strength and 2 had M4. For grip strength, patients show average of 25.0 kg (SD = 8.46) on their operated hand and 45.3 kg (SD = 3.37) on the contralateral hand with P = .004. For lateral pinch, strength operated hand average is 6.75 kg (SD = 0.42) and contralateral hand average is 9.46 kg (SD = 0.45) with P = .004. For three-digit strength, operated hand average is 5.17 kg (SD = 0.28) and contralateral hand average is 9.79 kg (SD = 0.40) with P = .000, resulting in statistical significance for these 3 variables. Conclusions: Patients achieved protective sensibility and muscle strength necessary for their daily life activities, presenting mild to moderate alterations to their autonomic function, which can influence in their capacities to return to their normal activities. Sensorial reeducation protocol and assessments done to this type of patients must be registered in a more comprehensive way to determine functional prognosis, communication between the rehabilitation team, and safe return to previous daily life and work activities.

Acute appendicitis following blunt abdominal trauma in children: by chance or a cause?

BackgroundIn rare cases, blunt trauma of the abdomen (BTA) can be a direct cause of appendicitis. PurposeTo evaluate whether appendicitis or appendiceal perforation following BTA occurs by chance or cause. MethodsThis retrospective study was performed for the period July 2010–December 2014. ResultsIn total, 245 pediatric cases were included. The cause of appendicitis was idiopathic in 190 (77.55%), appendicolith in 30 (12.24%), trivial abdominal trauma in 17 (6.93%), intraoperatively identified hyperplastic lymphoid tissue in six (2.44%), and significant BTA in two (0.81%) children. The symptoms of the two children who developed appendiceal perforation after sustaining BTA began from trauma inception, and BTA was the only apparent etiological factor. The children were a 9-year-old boy who sustained BTA through a bicycle handlebar 4 days previously and an 11-year-old girl who presented at our hospital after falling over a boulder. Both cases were associated with appendicolith, without solid organ injury. ConclusionAcute appendicitis or appendiceal perforation following significant BTA is rare. In the two corresponding cases in this study, the etiology may have been dislodgement of the appendicolith at the moment of injury. Moreover, children may erroneously implicate appendicular pain to be trivial trauma sustained during play (6.8% of the current cases). In all children presenting with right lower abdominal pain and vomiting following BTA (although trivial), the possibility of appendiceal pathology should be considered.

Factors associated with self-reported failure of binding release among ACL injured male and female recreational skiers: a catalyst to change ISO binding standards?

BackgroundFemale recreational skiers have twice the rate of knee injuries and three time the rate of ACL injuries compared with their male counterparts. Female skiers suffering from a knee injury...

Naval casualty management training using human patient simulators.

BackgroundExtended-evacuation or austere environments (e.g. naval, immature or depleted combat zones) are characterized by the lack of resources to facilitate medical evacuation in the “Golden Hour” from moment of injury. This may require the primary caregiver, often a relatively inexperienced general physician or EMT, to administer extended medical care in the field.We describe the Shipboard and Underwater Casualty Care and Sedation Simulation (SUCCeSS) program in the Israeli Navy, intended to train caregivers for extended prehospital intensive casualty care using high fidelity life-size simulation mannequins set up onboard corvettes or submarines during maneuvers, in maximally realistic conditions.Twenty two general physicians and EMTs in 12 teams were enrolled in the program in the years 2011–2013.Two to three hour long training sessions were headed by senior surgeons and anesthesiologists using flexible scripts enabling the mannequin operators to react to caregivers’ actions and their consequences.Trainee evaluation was performed by the preceptors using semi-structured forms taking into account both critical treatment decisions and observation on the effects of actions taken. Trainees also completed self-report CRM (Crisis Resource Management) questionnaires before and after the sessions.ResultsSuccess of the trainees correlated with an evaluation score above 72%. The mean overall CRM score for team leaders post exercise was 74.64%, an improvement of 10% over pre-exercise scores (p < 0.0001).ConclusionCaregiver self-perceived competence and self-sufficiency in treating casualties at sea was improved via high fidelity simulation in theatre using realistic naval casualty care situations. We discuss the relative strengths and weaknesses of our training program for the teaching of “NCM”, or Naval Casualty Management, as well as the emergent concepts of the military extended evacuation environment.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/2054-314X-1-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

A study of the interleukin-1 gene cluster polymorphisms and inflammatory external root resorption in replanted permanent teeth.

To investigate whether single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within the interleukin-1 gene cluster (IL1) are associated with the occurrence and severity of inflammatory external root resorption (IERR) after replantation of avulsed permanent teeth. Indexes of IERR were radiographically assessed in 182 mature replanted permanent teeth from 146 patients at the onset of endodontic therapy. DNA was extracted from buccal mucosa cells and genotyped using TaqMan probes-based assays for the SNPs IL1A -889C/T (rs 180058), IL1B +3954C/T (rs1143634) and IL1RN +2018C/T (rs419598). Teeth were grouped into two categories: IERR absent to mild (indexes ≤ 4) and moderate to severe IERR (indexes > 4). Genetic variations in the IL1 gene cluster were tested for their effect on the occurrence and extension of IERR using the GEE model (generalized estimation equation). Patient's age at the moment of injury, timing of pulpectomy, extra-alveolar period and storage condition of the avulsed teeth was included as possible confounders. No association was found between SNPs IL1A -889C/T, IL1B +3954C/T (rs1143634) and IL1RN +2018C/T (rs419598) and IERR indexes. Timing of pulpectomy (OR 3.5 IC 95% 2.0-6.2 P < 0.001) and patient's age at the moment of trauma (OR 0.29 IC 95% 0.12-0.67 P = 0.004) significantly affected the risk of developing severe IERR. While timing of pulpectomy and patient's age at the moment of trauma were confirmed as important risk factors, SNPs within the IL1 gene cluster did not affect the susceptibility for IERR after replantation of permanent teeth.

Examining the Relationship between Head Trauma and Neurodegenerative Disease: A Review of Epidemiology, Pathology and Neuroimaging Techniques

Traumatic brain injuries (TBI) are induced by sudden acceleration-deceleration and/or rotational forces acting on the brain. Diffuse axonal injury (DAI) has been identified as one of the chief underlying causes of morbidity and mortality in head trauma incidents. DAIs refer to microscopic white matter (WM) injuries as a result of shearing forces that induce pathological and anatomical changes within the brain, which potentially contribute to significant impairments later in life. These microscopic injuries are often unidentifiable by the conventional computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR) scans employed by emergency departments to initially assess head trauma patients and, as a result, TBIs are incredibly difficult to diagnose. The impairments associated with TBI may be caused by secondary mechanisms that are initiated at the moment of injury, but often have delayed clinical presentations that are difficult to assess due to the initial misdiagnosis. As a result, the true consequences of these head injuries may go unnoticed at the time of injury and for many years thereafter. The purpose of this review is to investigate these consequences of TBI and their potential link to neurodegenerative disease (ND). This review will summarize the current epidemiological findings, the pathological similarities, and new neuroimaging techniques that may help delineate the relationship between TBI and ND. Lastly, this review will discuss future directions and propose new methods to overcome the limitations that are currently impeding research progress. It is imperative that improved techniques are developed to adequately and retrospectively assess TBI history in patients that may have been previously undiagnosed in order to increase the validity and reliability across future epidemiological studies. The authors introduce a new surveillance tool (Retrospective Screening of Traumatic Brain Injury Questionnaire, RESTBI) to address this concern.

Characteristics and contributing factors related to sports injuries in young volleyball players

BackgroundThe participation of young in volleyball is becoming increasingly common, and this increased involvement raises concerns about the risk of installation of sports injuries. Therefore, the objectives the study were identify the characteristics of sports injuries in young volleyball players and associate anthropometric and training variables with contributing factors for injuries.MethodsA total of 522 volleyball players participating in the High School Olympic Games of the State of São Paulo (Brazil) were interviewed. A reported condition inquiry was used to gather information on injuries, such as anatomic site affected, mechanism and moment of injury, as well as personal and training data. The level of significance was set at 5%.ResultsA 19% frequency of injuries was found. Higher age, weight, height, body mass index and training duration values were associated with the occurrence of injuries. The most affected anatomic site was the ankle/foot complex (45 injuries, 36.3%). Direct contact and contactless mechanisms were the main causes of injuries (61 injuries; 49.2% and 48 injuries; 38.7%, respectively). Training was the moment in which most injuries occurred (93 injuries; 75%), independently of personal and training characteristics.ConclusionInjuries affected the ankle/foot complex with a greater frequency. Direct contact and contactless mechanisms were the most frequently reported and injuries occurred mainly during training sessions. Personal and training characteristics were contributing factors for the occurrence of injuries.

Radicular maturity level of primary teeth and its association with trauma sequelae

This study aimed to investigate the influence of the radicular maturity level of primary teeth on the sequelae of traumatic dental injury (TDI). A longitudinal retrospective study that collected data from dental records and radiographs of patients with TDI in one or both maxillary primary central incisors was conducted. Sequelae such as crown discoloration, pulp canal obliteration (PCO) and inflammatory root resorption (IRR) were evaluated during a 12- to 18-month follow-up period after the trauma. Of the 132 patients included in the study, 103 (78%) had luxations and 29 (22%) had dental fractures. At the initial postinjury examination, 12 teeth (9.1%) were found to have immature roots, 107 (81.1%) had closed apexes and 13 (9.8%) had visible root resorption. Inflammatory root resorption occurred mostly in traumatized teeth that presented with physiological root resorption at the moment of trauma (P = 0.004). The frequency of PCO was higher in teeth with a closed apex at the moment of the injury (P = 0.026). There was also an association between the type of injury and the occurrence of crown discoloration (P = 0.008) as well as between the type of injury and the development of PCO (P = 0.001). The occurrence of TDI sequelae can be determined by the type of injury as well as by the radicular maturity level of the primary teeth at the moment of injury.

Comparison of the effects of topical fusidic acid and rifamycin on wound healing in rats

Wound healing is an active and dynamic process that begins from the moment of injury. Any delay in the initiation of the response to injury can prolong the healing process. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of topically applied fusidic acid and rifamycin on wound healing in a full-thickness wound model. Ten female Sprague-Dawley rats, aged 4 months and weighing 200-250 g, were used. Four rifamycin (R), four fusidic acid (F) and four control (K) areas were generated on their backs by using a 5-mm punch biopsy pen. On the 4th, 7th, 14th and 21st days, biopsies were taken from each wound area of all the rats. Fusidic acid group demonstrated a statistically significant increase of collagen and intensity of fibroblast proliferation on the 21st day of wound healing, whereas in the rifamycin group, healing time was, as expected, similar to physiological wound-healing phases. Despite the limited number of subjects, topical fusidic acid was found to delay wound healing by prolonging fibroblast proliferation.

Traumatic Brain Injury: A Trauma Surgeon's Perspective

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a serious epidemic in the United States. It affects patients of all ages, race, and socioeconomic status (SES). The current care of these patients typically manifests after sequelae have been identified after discharge from the hospital, long after the inciting event. The purpose of this article is to introduce the concept of identification and management of the TBI patient from the moment of injury through long-term care as a multidisciplinary approach. By promoting an awareness of the issues that develop around the acutely injured brain and linking them to long-term outcomes, the trauma team can initiate care early to alter the effect on the patient, family, and community. Hopefully, by describing the care afforded at a trauma center and by a multidisciplinary team, we can bring a better understanding to the armamentarium of methods utilized to treat the difficult population of TBI patients.

Results of treatment of intra-articular acetabular injuries

The influence of such factors as the term from the moment of injury to surgical intervention, the type of fracture according to the AO classification and a multiorgan injury on remote results of treatment of 162 patients with unstable fractures and dislocation fractures of the acetabulum was analysed. Better functional results were received in cases of intervention within 8-14 days after injury, whereas the used AO classification inadequately described the severity degree of the injury, which characterized these groups. It was found out that the better content of the treatment and more immediate its beginning, the better radioanatomical and functional results could be. The injury type and fracture type according to the AO classification were unreliable factors, which produced their effect on indices during 10 years after injury.

Acute traumatic coagulopathy

Recent therapeutic and observational studies have demonstrated improved survival with better management of haemostasis early after injury. This review delineates our current understanding of the clinical importance, aetiology and pathophysiology of acute traumatic coagulopathy (ATC). Trauma causes an acute disruption of the equilibrium between all components of haemostasis (coagulation, anticoagulation, fibrinolysis, platelets and endothelium). In patients with a combination of severe tissue damage and systemic hypoperfusion, this will progress rapidly to an endogenous coagulopathy that is independently associated with worse outcomes. New discoveries of the interactions between neurohormonal, vascular, and coagulation systems are beginning to explain how this haemostatic impairment develops and offer novel targets for therapeutic manipulation. Routine coagulation screening tests are ineffective for diagnosing ATC and guiding resuscitation in real-time. Viscoelastic coagulation tests (such as ROTEM or TEG) have emerged as practical, rapid and sensitive diagnostic modalities. Their role in therapeutic targeting requires further validation. Conventional concepts of traumatic coagulopathy as a late occurring condition in response to iatrogenic haemodilution are redundant. ATC is an endogenous impairment of haemostasis that begins at the moment of injury. Further outcome improvements are possible with better understanding of the process by which this coagulopathy develops and how it may be inhibited.

A 9-Year Retrospective Study of Dental Trauma in Piracicaba and Neighboring Regions in the State of São Paulo, Brazil

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the occurrence of dentoalveolar trauma during a 9-year period in the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Division at Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas in patients from the Piracicaba municipality and neighborhood regions in São Paulo, Brazil. This retrospective epidemiologic study from January 1999 to December 2007 evaluated all patients who presented at the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Division at Piracicaba Dental School with sustained oral and maxillofacial traumatic injuries associated with dentoalveolar trauma. Information regarding age, gender, etiology, use of protective devices such seatbelts, crash helmets, and presence of facial fractures and general trauma, oral condition, stage of dentition, date of trauma, drug abuse, type, teeth affected, and classification of the trauma were gathered from the medical files. Descriptive analysis was conducted. In total, 2,785 patients were analyzed and 542 (19.46%) were included in this study. The male to female ratio was 2.81:1. Most patients presented with oral hygiene as regular (51.85%). Friday, Saturday, and Sunday were the most prevalent days. Smoking was the most common harmful habit analyzed (16.05%) followed by alcohol use (15.87%). Bicycle accidents (26.94%) were the most common cause, followed by falls (22.69%). With regard to protective devices, 31.51% of drivers were wearing seatbelts during the accidents and helmets were used by 84.38% of motorcycle drivers at the moment of injury. One hundred thirty-five facial fractures were associated with dental and dentoalveolar traumas, and the mandible was the facial bone most associated with dentoalveolar trauma. Upper and lower limbs were most frequently associated with general trauma, accounting for 140 (38.78%) and 111 (30.75%), respectively. This study shows that dentoalveolar trauma rates and patterns in the Piracicaba municipality and neighborhood regions in São Paulo are similar to other populations. The weekend is the period with the major incidence of dentoalveolar trauma. Alcohol consumption was linked with this type of trauma. Dentoalveolar trauma is involved in and closely related to severe maxillofacial trauma. The use of a helmet is as important as that of a seatbelt. More studies are necessary for a better knowledge and understanding when considering protocols and organization charts in emergency rooms.