Two new species of coccidia are described: Eimeria sceloporis sp. n. in the small intestine of lizards (Sceloporus spp.) from southern California and Mexico; and Eimeria molochis sp. n. in the Australian horned toad, Moloch horridus, from the Queensland desert, probably also an intestinal parasite. The oocyst of E. sceloporis is broadly ellipsoid, usually 27 by 22 au, index 1.23, containing four oval sporocysts 8 by 7 i, index 1.16; a temporary oocyst residuum is formed; sporulation time is 8 hr, range 8 hr. The oocyst of E. molochis is also broadly ellipsoid, usually 34 by 26 u, index 1.31, containing four oval sporocysts (with temporary Stieda body) 10 by 7.5 u, index 1.33; no oocyst residuum formed; sporulation time is 8 hr, range 9 hr. The known species of Eimeria from lizards are compared in a table. Among nearly 600 Eimeria spp. which have been recorded (Pellerdy, 1963) 20 are mentioned from lizards, of which 17 have been described as distinct species. Most of these were reviewed, but incompletely compared, by Arcay de Peraza (1963) in a table which included no data on oocysts other than gross dimensions and shapes. We therefore present an extended table to supply additional information (Table I). Some reports of coccidia in reptiles suggest a low incidence of infection (Moskowitz, 1951; Bovee, 1962). However, eimerians and other sporozoons have usually been found in lizards when sought. A survey of parasites and inquilines in reptiles revealed two eimerians which we consider to be new species: Eimeria sceloporis sp. n. in Sceloporus clarki boulangeri from Mexico and in S. occidentalis biseriatus and S. magister from southern California; and Eimeria molochis sp. n. in the horned toad, Moloch horridus, from the Queensland desert of Australia. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fresh feces from a juvenile Sceloporus clarki were dispersed in amphibian Ringer's solution, and abundant unsporulated oocysts of the coccidian species were found (about 15 per 43 X microscopic Received for publication 17 June 1964. * Supported by USPHS Training Grant No. 2E-70 and USPHS Grant No. 6462. 85 field) so that flotation and concentration techniques were superfluous. Three other S. clarki, an adult S. magister, and several juvenile S. occidentalis, were found infected with the same, but no other coccidian species. Two Moloch horridus were found infected with a different eimerian species, and no other coccidian species. Fresh oocysts placed in 3% K2Cr207 were pipetted at intervals onto clean slides and observed microscopically to determine duration of sporulation. One hundred cysts were measured at each stage of development, the mean derived, and most frequent measurements noted, as recommended by Doran and Jahn (1952). Observations were made with bright-field, variable phase contrast, and interferometric microscopy at 100 X to 1,000 X magnifications. Measurements were made at 400 X and 1,000 X with a calibrated ocular micrometer. Room temperature was kept at or near 25 C during the study of the duration of sporulation. The endogenous part of the life cycle was studied from stained serial sections of tissue (Delafield's iron hematoxylin with eosin or fast green counterstain) for E. sceloporis from Sceloporus clarki and S. magister. The viscera of S. occidentalis and of Moloch horridus were inadvertently discarded by a laboratory technician. OBSERVATIONS I. Eimeria sceloporis A. Endogenous development 1. Locale of infection: In the juvenile S. clarki only a short part of the small intestine just posterior to the duodenum was infected, but there a great majority of the villi was parasitized. Tips of villi were seldom invaded, but the sides of villi were heavily parasitized, This content downloaded from 157.55.39.211 on Mon, 08 Aug 2016 06:20:39 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms 86 THE JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY, VOL. 51, NO. 1, FEBRUARY 1965 TABLE I. A comparison of the various species of Eimeria from lizards. Species Host Site of infection Oocyst Zygote E. boveroi Carini and Pinto, 1926 E. knowelsi Bhatia, 1936 E. raillieti Leger, 1899 Lainson, 1959 E. mabuia Carini, 1938 E. sceloporis sp. n. Bovee and Telford, 1965 E. gekkonis Tanabe, 1928 E. intermedia Ruiz, 1959 E. stenocerci (tropiduri) Carini, 1940 E. molochis sp. n. Bovee and Telford, 1965 E. minetti Ray et al., 1942 E. acanthodactyli Phisalix, 1930 E. scinci Phisalix, 1923 E. colonorum Prasad, 1960 E. cystis-fellae var. americana Amrein, 1952 E. mirabilis Yakimoff, 1936 E. flaviviridis var. americana A. de Peraza, 1963 E. rochalimai Carini and Pinto, 1926 E. agamae Laveran and Pettit, 1910 E. koidzumii Matubayasi, 1941 E. flaviviridis Setna and Bana, 1935 E. hemidactyli Knowles and Das Gupta, 1935 E. sp. Brygoo, 1963 Hemidactylus mabui Ameiva ameiva Hemidactylus flaviviridis