Emission Spectra Research Articles

Multiple stimuli-responsive double perovskite structured Ca2MgWO6: x % Eu3+ (x = 1–11 mol) red-emitting luminescent systems to combat counterfeiting

The rapid escalation of counterfeiting activities in recent years has posed significant challenges across diverse fields, such as pharmaceuticals, currency, luxury goods, and electronics. In response, inorganic phosphors have emerged as promising tools to combat counterfeiting due to their inherent durability and stability. The present work focuses on the synthesis of Ca2MgWO6:x % Eu3+ (x = 1–11 mol) luminescent systems via a gel-combustion route. The structural analysis of the synthesized luminescent systems confirmed a monoclinic crystal phase with a P21/n space group. The morphological study of the luminescent system revealed a network-like structure comprising interconnected particles. Photoluminescence emission spectra show a prominent red emission peak at 616 nm, corresponding to the 5D0→7F2 4f–4f electronic transition of Eu3+ ions in the host matrix. The emitted red light demonstrates a color purity and quantum efficiency of 93.1 % and 77.41 %, respectively. The anti-counterfeiting security patterns were developed using the Ca2MgWO6:x % Eu3+ (x = 9 mol) luminescent system showcase virtually invisible under normal light. However, developed patterns exhibit vivid red luminescence when exposed to multiple stimuli UV light at 365 and 395 nm, which envisages the versatility of the systems for enhancing product authentication and protecting against fraudulent activities across multiple industries. The aforementioned results demonstrated the efficacy of Ca2MgWO6: Eu3+ luminescent systems for integration into advanced security measures.

Effect of oxygen plasma treatment on the properties of ALD hafnium oxide films

In this work, we studied the effect of processing hafnium oxide samples prepared by atomic layer deposition in a gas discharge plasma of a mixture of argon and oxygen in a ratio of 1:10. It has been shown that such treatment preserves the amorphous structure of the film and reduces the content of oxygen vacancies in the film. This is important for the use of the film in the gate dielectric of a transistor. Processing in plasma leads to a change in its properties, namely: an increase in density and refractive index, as well as a decrease in the intensity of emission bands that are associated with an oxygen vacancy. The plasma temperature and ion energy were determined from the argon emission spectra. The activation energy for the diffusion of oxygen ions in hafnium oxide films has been calculated to be 0.43 eV.

Dy doped calcium silicates synthesized using agro-food wastes and conventional chemicals as resources: a comparative study

Based on an earlier study, a mimic composition 38SiO2-60CaO-0.5Dy2O3-0.2Na2O-1MgO-0.1Al2O3-0.1TiO2-0.1Fe2O3 (wt.%) are synthesized by solid-state reaction method. The structural, morphological, and optical properties of the synthesized sample presented in this study are compared with the corresponding properties of a similar sample derived from rice husk ash and eggshell powder as resources. The conventional chemicals derived sample are multi-phasic, containing β−Ca2SiO4, γ−Ca2SiO4, Ca3Si2O7, and CaFeO3 phases, and the CaO/SiO2 ratio was believed to be affecting the room temperature stabilization of the β phase. Field emission scanning electron microscopy images showed that twinned particles, cracks, and edge dislocations were present in the synthesized sample. The presence of precipitates in the micrographs indicated that Dy ions were segregated on the surface of the sample. The optical bandgap of the samples was 3.7 eV, as calculated by diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. The photoluminescence emission spectrum contained characteristic emission peaks of the Dy3+ ions. Apart from these, additional peaks were observed due to the titanium ions present in the sample. Understanding the properties of calcium silicates containing multiple dopant ions is important to develop a white light-emitting diode. The properties of the mineral-derived sample are compared to those of the agro-food waste-derived similar sample.

Ammonia and temperature sensing applications using fluorometric and colorimetric microparticles and polymeric films doped with BODIPY-emitters.

Fourfunctionalized BODIPY derivatives(BDP1 to BDP4) were synthesizedand their optical properties investigatedboth in solution and when incorporated into a solid matrix. Recognizing the versatility of BODIPY derivatives and the increasing interest in developing new luminescent organic dyes embedded in polymers, the BODIPY derivatives were dispersed into two types of polymeric matrices: Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and Thermoplastic Polyurethane (TPU), both as films and microparticles. This resulted in eight new BODIPY-doped polymer films and eight types of BODIPY-doped polymeric microparticles for use in aqueous solutions. The integration of the BODIPY dyes into the polymeric matrices combines the unique properties of the polymer films, such as porosity, flexibility, and elasticity, with the excellent photophysical characteristics of the BODIPYs. Importantly, the dispersion minimized issues such as aggregation-caused quenching commonly observed in solid-state luminescent materials. The thermometric responses of all polymer films were evaluated by studying their solid-state emission spectra in the 25-200°C temperature range. The reversibility of these temperature-induced changes was also assessed, revealing excellent recovery of luminescence. These promising results suggest these materials could have applications as fluorescent thermometric sensors. Furthermore, we explored the potential of the brominated (BDP3) and chalcogenated (BDP4) BODIPY derivatives as ammonia sensors. The two derivatives produced yellow fluorescent products upon interaction with the analyte. Kinetic studies using solid-state emission spectra of BDP4@TPU and BDP4@PMMA showed significant differences in reaction rates (minutes for BDP4@TPU and hours in the case of BDP4@PMMA) attributable to the higher permeability of TPU when compared with PMMA. Detection and quantification of ammonia concentration were conducted by means of simple photographic analysis, measuring the "R" (red) and "G" (green) components of RGB color parameters. Theresults from the photographic method correlated well with the results from fluorimetric spectroscopy studies. The photographic analysis is straightforward, portable, and does not require expensive equipment. Finally, we successfully applied polymeric microparticles doped with BODIPYs to detect ammonia in water, demonstrating their effectiveness without the need for organic solvents. This highlights their potential for environmental monitoring and other applications requiring sensitive and selective detection methods.

N-Heterocycle-Substituted Hexa-peri-Hexabenzocoronenes with Windmill Architectures.

We describe the synthesis and computational investigation of N-heterocycle-substituted hexa-peri-hexabenzocoronenes (HBCs). Following our method for the preparation of thioether-substituted HBCs, we prepared pyrrole-, indole-, carbazole-, and 1H-benz[g]indole-substituted HBCs from the corresponding fluorinated precursors under microwave irradiation. A series of polysubstituted benzoindole-HBCs with windmill architectures was also synthesized using the polyfluorinated HBC analogs, and the substituent effects on the electronic properties of the HBC core were investigated. Similar to the thioether substituted HBCs, the nature of the heterocycle does not influence the optoelectronic properties of the HBC core. The attachment of multiple benzoindole substituents leads to a bathochromic shift of the absorption and emission spectra, comparable to our previous studies. Due to the circular arrangement of the benzoindole moiety, the attachment of multiple substituents results in the presence of multiple conformers at room temperature. The rotation barrier can be overcome by heating the compounds to 323-333 K. Additionally, the investigation of the relaxed geometries shows two π-stacking motifs within the conformers.

Synthesis, Photophysical Properties and Optical Limiting Behavior of Organometallic Complexes: Influence of Metal Centers and Conjugated Diimine Ligands

AbstractFour organometallic complexes featuring identical conjugated diimine ligands and varying transition metal centers (Rh(III), Ir(III), Ru(II), and Os(II)) were synthesized. A comprehensive investigation of the photophysical properties of these complexes and their corresponding diimine ligands was conducted by UV‐vis absorption, emission, and transient absorption (TA) spectroscopy, as well as optical power limiting (OPL) measurements. The incorporation of fluorene components with alkyl chains enhanced the π‐conjugation of the ligand, prevented intermolecular π‐π stacking, and improved complex solubility. The diimine ligands showed a slight solvation effect in their emission spectra, indicating that the main property of their emissive state was intramolecular charge transfer (CT). According to the valence states of the four complexes, they can be divided into two classes (Rh(III), Ir(III)) and (Ru(II), Os(II)). For TA spectrum, the former group exhibited positive ΔOD values across the 400~800 nm range, while the latter showed large inverted peaks at 420~500 nm due to significant ground‐state absorption in this wavelength range. Additionally, the optical limiting conduct of the complexes observed the order: 1 d>1 a>1 c>1 b. Complex 1 d exhibits powerful reverse saturable absorption (RSA) properties at 532 nm and could probably be used as an wonderful nonlinear absorbing material.

Stable Xanthene Radicals and Their Heavy Chalcogen Analogues Showing Tunable Doublet Emission from Green to Near-infrared.

Organic luminescent radicals, unlike traditional closed-shell fluorescent emitters, exhibit distinct luminescence mechanisms, offering promising potential for optoelectronic devices. To date, stable luminescent radicals have predominantly been confined to polychlorinated triphenylmethyl radicals, underscoring the need for new platforms to expand their emission spectra. In this study, we report the synthesis of stable 9-aryl-substituted xanthene radicals and their heavy chalcogen analogues (1 a-c and 2 a-c), which exhibited excellent chemical stability and emission ranging from green to near-infrared (527-714 nm). Notably, the selenium-substituted radical (1 c) demonstrates a significantly enhanced photoluminescence quantum yield of 41 % when doped into its precursor solid. Additionally, the introduction of methoxyphenyl groups has largely enhanced the stability of the radical, showcasing an excellent photostability with the longest half-life of around 1792 h. The high internal quantum efficiency of up to 81 % was further validated in organic light-emitting diode. This study introduces a novel class of stable carbon-centered radicals with high tunability and functionality for photoelectric applications.

Stable Xanthene Radicals and Their Heavy Chalcogen Analogues Showing Tunable Doublet Emission from Green to Near‐infrared

AbstractOrganic luminescent radicals, unlike traditional closed‐shell fluorescent emitters, exhibit distinct luminescence mechanisms, offering promising potential for optoelectronic devices. To date, stable luminescent radicals have predominantly been confined to polychlorinated triphenylmethyl radicals, underscoring the need for new platforms to expand their emission spectra. In this study, we report the synthesis of stable 9‐aryl‐substituted xanthene radicals and their heavy chalcogen analogues (1 a–c and 2 a–c), which exhibited excellent chemical stability and emission ranging from green to near‐infrared (527–714 nm). Notably, the selenium‐substituted radical (1 c) demonstrates a significantly enhanced photoluminescence quantum yield of 41 % when doped into its precursor solid. Additionally, the introduction of methoxyphenyl groups has largely enhanced the stability of the radical, showcasing an excellent photostability with the longest half‐life of around 1792 h. The high internal quantum efficiency of up to 81 % was further validated in organic light‐emitting diode. This study introduces a novel class of stable carbon‐centered radicals with high tunability and functionality for photoelectric applications.

Development of an optimized protocol for generating knockout cancer cell lines using the CRISPR/Cas9 system, with emphasis on transient transfection.

The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) system offers cost-effectiveness, high efficiency, precision, and ease of use compared to traditional gene editing techniques. In this study, we employed findings from prestigious investigations to develop an optimized approach for generating knockout cancer cell lines using a transient transfection method. This protocol introduces a distinctive approach that follows rigorous guidelines for designing gRNA to reduce off-target effects, a major challenge in CRISPR applications. Our step-by-step instructions allow researchers, particularly those with limited laboratory equipment and funding, as well as those undertaking CRISPR projects for the first time, to generate knockout cell lines using CRISPR technology in just ten weeks. This protocol covers all needs for enhancing various yields, such as transfection efficiency, and includes leveraging robust bioinformatics tools, conducting essential assays, isolating monoclonal cells via limiting dilution, validating knockout cells, and providing comprehensive troubleshooting recommendations. Using this method, we successfully created several new generations of colorectal cancer cell lines with monoallelic and biallelic knockouts of the epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) gene. Our method, optimized for a wide spectrum of cancer cell lines, makes CRISPR more accessible for applications in personalized and precision medicine. It expands opportunities for novel investigations into cancer mechanisms and paves the way for potential therapeutic interventions.

Complex dynamics in an atmospheric pressure glow discharge in helium: transition from stationary to periodic oscillatory, and fully chaotic states

Abstract This work deals with the numerical study of spontaneous temporal oscillations in an atmospheric pressure glow discharge (APGD) in helium. The transition of helium APGD from stationary to periodic oscillatory state through the Hopf bifurcation, and further from periodic to chaotic oscillations through period-doubling bifurcations is explored. The choice of the discharge and external electric circuits parameters is guided by the relevant experiments. The ballast resistance and supply voltage of the external circuit play the role of control parameters. The method is based on the stability analysis of stationary states of the discharge. 

The stability diagram predicting parameter regimes at which stable and oscillatory states of the APGD can be expected is obtained. The effects of the discharge parameters (such as the gas gap, secondary electron emission coefficients, and capacitance in the external electric circuit) on the bifurcation curves are identified. 

The Lorenz map and corresponding period-doubling bifurcation diagram characterizing transition to chaotic oscillations in helium APGD with an increase in the control parameter are derived. The value of the capacitance in the external circuit plays a critical role in the dynamical behavior of the discharge. Decreasing its value contributes to the dissipation/damping of the system, whereas increasing it enhances the irregular behavior of the system.

Deep‐red Emitting Copper(I) Indenediyltrisphosphine Complexes with Minimized Skeletal Vibrations and Configurational Disorder

Abstract: The full width at half maximum (FWHM) of emission spectra, which plays an important role in determining color purity, may not always receive sufficient attention in the design of emissive materials. Particularly for the red emitter, the traditional focus has been on emission maxima, yet broad FWHM values can significantly change the perceived color. For example, the red color (lem = 616–677 nm) emitted from reported Cu(I) complexes is perceived as orange to yellow if FWHM is large. To reduce FWHM, we incorporated a strained and rigid metalaphosphadicyclopenta[a,f]pentalene motif into Cu(I) complexes using trisphosphine ligands featuring a 1H‐indene‐2,3‐diyl backbone (ITP). Herein, we present the synthesis, structure, and emission properties of ITP‐MX and the congeners, showcasing genuinely deep‐red emission with narrow FWHM values of 56 nm. These materials exhibit color coordinates close to pure red on the CIE diagram, unlike reported broader‐emitting counterparts. Measurement of the entropy of disorder of the emissive crystal by a recently reported statistical mechanical method revealed a quantitative correlation between FWHM and the increase in the number of microstates (the degree of freedom) of the crystals and suggested that mechanical stress can increase the entropy of the crystal, which results in emission broadening.

Plasmochemical and Reactive Ion Etching of Gallium Arsenide in Difluorodichloromethane with Helium

The kinetics of interaction of high-frequency plasma of difluorodichloromethane and its mixture with helium with the surface of gallium arsenide was experimentally studied. It was established that in the studied range of conditions, complete decomposition of the original difluorodichloromethane molecule to atomic carbon occurs. It has been confirmed that the main chemically active particles responsible for etching are reactive chlorine atoms. It has been shown that the etching process occurs in the mode of an ion-stimulated chemical reaction, where the desorption of products under the influence of ion bombardment plays a significant role in surface cleaning. The emission spectra of plasma radiation in the presence of a gallium arsenide semiconductor wafer are analyzed. Control lines and stripes were selected to control the speed of the etching process based on the emission intensity of the lines and stripes of the etching products.

Deep-red Emitting Copper(I) Indenediyltrisphosphine Complexes with Minimized Skeletal Vibrations and Configurational Disorder.

The full width at half maximum (FWHM) of emission spectra, which plays an important role in determining color purity, may not always receive sufficient attention in the design of emissive materials.Particularly for the redemitter, the traditional focus has been on emission maxima, yet broad FWHM values can significantly change the perceived color.For example, the red color (lem=616-677 nm) emitted from reported Cu(I) complexes is perceived as orange to yellow if FWHM is large. To reduce FWHM, we incorporated a strained and rigid metalaphosphadicyclopenta[a,f]pentalene motif into Cu(I) complexes using trisphosphine ligands featuring a 1H-indene-2,3-diyl backbone (ITP).Herein, we present the synthesis, structure, and emission properties ofITP-MXandthecongeners, showcasing genuinely deep-red emission with narrow FWHM values of 56 nm. These materials exhibit color coordinates close to pure red on the CIE diagram, unlike reported broader-emitting counterparts. Measurement of the entropy of disorder of the emissive crystal by a recently reported statistical mechanical method revealed a quantitative correlation between FWHM and the increase in the number of microstates (the degree of freedom) of the crystals and suggested that mechanical stress can increase the entropy of the crystal, which results in emission broadening.

Optimized Scintillation Imaging in low dose rate and bright room light conditions.

To develop a robust method for non-contact surface dosimetry during Total Body Irradiation (TBI) that uses an optimally paired choice of scintillator material with camera photocathode and can work insensitively to the normal ambient room lighting conditions (~500 Lux). 
Approach: This goal was approached by assessing the emission contrast of scintillator signal to background room ratio (SBR) detected by the camera, in the challening conditions of low dose rate TBI with high room lights. A total of 9 fast-response scintillators, 3 wavelength shifters, and 2 camera photocathodes were systematically tested to determine the optimal combination. The effects of room lights on the scintillator signal and the background signal were assessed to avoid signal saturation while retaining accurate dose measurement. A bandpass wavelength filter was then applied to reduce the effects on room lights and scintillator signal.
Main Results: One scintillator (EJ262) combined with a blue-green sensitive photocathode camera and a 500nm band pass filter produced the greatest available scintillator SBR of 95 with maximal room lights on. The caveat is that this design rejects all patient Cherenkov light, which can be useful for visualizing the patient treatment. Another option which retained the Cherenkov signal but produced less available scintillator signal was found with another scintillator (EJ-260) and a red photocathode camera with SBR of 35, but a narrow bandpass filter is required to make it work in ambient room lights, which addition will also remove most of the Cherenkov signal. 
Significance: Non-contact scintillator imaging can be used for surface dosimetry in TBI with appropriate pairing of scintillator emission spectrum and camera photocathode sensitivity or optical filtering range.&#xD.

Urban travel carbon emission mitigation approach using deep reinforcement learning.

The urbanization process has led to a significant increase in energy consumption and carbon emissions, which can be mitigated through scientific urban planning and management. This research proposes a bottom-up urban carbon emission mitigation strategy based on deep reinforcement learning (DRL). Using Ningbo City as a case study, multi-source urban data, including points of interest (POI) data and urban transportation system data, are utilized, along with varying carbon emission coefficients for different travel modes, to construct a comprehensive carbon emission environment for urban areas. The proposed DRL model adopts an Actor-Critic framework, which iteratively optimizes the land use configuration and building type proportions within the urban matrix to achieve the goal of mitigating travel carbon emissions. Experimental results demonstrate that this approach exhibits significant carbon reduction effects in urban scenario. By adjusting the discount rate of the reward function, various optimization strategies can be obtained, such as short-term and long-term strategies, achieving reductions of 0.47% and 0.61%, respectively, which are notably higher than the 0.39% reduction expected if travel emissions were uniformly distributed across the matrix. The findings highlight the potential of DRL-based approaches in urban planning to achieve adaptive and data-driven strategies for carbon emission mitigation.

Analysis of Scattering Mechanisms in SAR Image Simulations of Japanese Wooden Buildings Damaged by Earthquake

The difficulty in identifying collapsed houses and damaged structures in synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images after natural disasters represents a significant challenge in the monitoring of urban structural deformation using SAR. SAR image simulation was conducted on a three-dimensional model of a typical wooden building in Japan to analyze the scattering mechanism of the structure in collapsed and uncollapsed states. Based on the physical properties of the buildings, a correlation was established between the simulated SAR image feature signals and the geometric structures of the buildings. The findings indicate that SAR scattering is more uniform for uncollapsed structures, which is predominantly influenced by their geometry. At low incidence angles, single reflections were the predominant phenomenon, whereas at high incidence angles, multiple reflections became more prevalent. The uncollapsed building’s facade formed a dihedral angle, exhibiting bright lines in the SAR image. Multiple reflections occurred at the edges of the building and floor junctions. These findings follow the theoretical predictions. In the case of the collapsed buildings, multiple reflections occurred with greater frequency, and irregular scattering was observed. Notwithstanding the augmented scattering pathways, some walls nevertheless manifested single reflections. The collapsed structures demonstrated a reduced sensitivity to alterations in the angle of incidence.

Preliminary Investigation of a Potential Optical Biosensor Using the Diamond™ Nucleic Acid Dye Applied to DNA and Friction Ridge Analysis from Fingerprint Traces

Developments in science and technology lead to an increasing use of scientific evidence in litigation. Interdisciplinary research can improve current procedures and introduce new ones for the disclosure and examination of evidence. The dactyloscopic trace is used for personal identification by matching minutiae (the minimum required may vary by country) or for extracting DNA material from the trace under investigation. The research presented in this article aims to propose the merging of two currently used personal identification methods, DNA analysis and dactyloscopic trace analysis, which are currently treated as separate forensic traces found at a crime scene. Namely, the forensic trace to be analyzed is the dactyloscopic trace containing DNA, and both sources of information needed for identification are examined as one. Promega’s Diamond™ Nucleic Acid Dye, presented as a safe alternative to ethidium bromide, works by binding to single- and double-stranded DNA and is used to visualize the separation of material in a gel and to detect DNA in forensic samples. Spectroscopic studies as absorption and emission spectra and fluorescence microscopy observations presented in our research confirm that Diamond™ Nucleic Acid Dye can also be used to visualize fingerprints on non-absorbent surfaces and that combining the two methods into one can significantly increase the evidential value and contribute to the design of an innovative fast-acting optical biosensor.

A study on the scaled intelligent supply mode of biomass briquette fuel in China

In the backdrop of China's ‘Carbon peak, Carbon neutrality’ goal, to reduce the pollution caused by carbon emissions to the atmosphere, this study investigates the supply of biomass briquette fuel. The supply of biomass briquette fuel is generally divided into two stages: the first stage involves the collection, storage, and transportation of biomass straw to the biomass briquette production base; the second encompasses the processing of the biomass straw into briquette fuel at the production base, followed by its transportation to the biomass boiler heating center for utilization. In this paper, a mathematical model is developed based on carbon emission and economic cost. The model is then calculated with an optimized intelligent algorithm, and the results are subjected to sensitivity analysis. The results demonstrate that: (1) Compared to the pre-optimization phase, the optimized model increases profits by 26.31 % and reduces carbon emissions by 12.64 %. (2) The adaptive genetic algorithm shows significantly better convergence speed and accuracy compared to the traditional genetic algorithm, making it more suitable for intelligent calculations of biomass briquette fuel supply. (3) As the weight coefficient of carbon emissions increases, economic costs continue to decrease with increasing sensitivity, while carbon emissions continue to decrease with decreasing sensitivity. These results provide references for further optimizing the weight coefficients of economic costs and carbon emissions in the supply of briquette fuel. This study contributes to reducing carbon emissions and provide references for the rational and intelligent supply of biomass briquette fuel.

Triplet Energy Gap‐Regulated Room Temperature Phosphorescence in Host–Guest Doped Systems

AbstractThe organic room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) materials via host–guest doped method receive considerable attention in the fields of optoelectronics, bioimaging, and information encryption. Despite many host–guest doped materials with excellent RTP properties have been developed, their luminous mechanism is still limited. Here, a series of host–guest doped materials, using benzophenone as the host and quinone compounds as the guests, were constructed to investigate the effect of the triplet energy gap (ΔET) between the host and guest on triplet states population. The guest's triplet state is proposed to be a “triplet energy reservoir”, gathering the triplet excitons to emit RTP when ΔET is large and returning triplet excitons to the host when ΔET is small. By combining the results of steady‐state and delayed emission spectra, time‐resolved transient absorption spectra, and theoretical calculations, a bidirectional energy transfer process is proved, which are triplet‐triplet energy transfer and reverse triplet‐triplet energy transfer processes. The thermal equilibrium of these two energy transfer processes can be regulated by the ΔET and temperature. The potential applications of these RTP properties are also realized in data encryption and anti‐counterfeiting. This work provides valuable insight into the design of host–guest doped materials based on energy transfer mechanisms.

Triplet Energy Gap-Regulated Room Temperature Phosphorescence in Host-Guest Doped Systems.

The organic room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) materials via host-guest doped method receive considerable attention in the fields of optoelectronics, bioimaging, and information encryption. Despite many host-guest doped materials with excellent RTP properties have been developed, their luminous mechanism is still limited. Here, a series of host-guest doped materials, using benzophenone as the host and quinone compounds as the guests, were constructed to investigate the effect of the triplet energy gap (ΔET) between the host and guest on triplet states population. The guest's triplet state is proposed to be a "triplet energy reservoir", gathering the triplet excitons to emit RTP when ΔET is large and returning triplet excitons to the host when ΔET is small. By combining the results of steady-state and delayed emission spectra, time-resolved transient absorption spectra, and theoretical calculations, a bidirectional energy transfer process is proved, which are triplet-triplet energy transfer and reverse triplet-triplet energy transfer processes. The thermal equilibrium of these two energy transfer processes can be regulated by the ΔET and temperature. The potential applications of these RTP properties are also realized in data encryption and anti-counterfeiting. This work provides valuable insight into the design of host-guest doped materials based on energy transfer mechanisms.