Molecular Embryology Research Articles

Transcription extracted transcriptional regulation (1992). By Steven L. McKnight and Keith R. Yamamoto. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, New York. 2 vols, 1329 pp, $160, ISBN 0‐87969‐4 10‐6.

BioEssaysVolume 15, Issue 10 p. 701-702 Book Review Transcription extracted transcriptional regulation (1992). By Steven L. McKnight and Keith R. Yamamoto. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, New York. 2 vols, 1329 pp, $160, ISBN 0-87969-4 10-6. Alan Wolffe, Alan Wolffe Laboratory of Molecular Embryology, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD 20892, USASearch for more papers by this author Alan Wolffe, Alan Wolffe Laboratory of Molecular Embryology, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD 20892, USASearch for more papers by this author First published: October 1993 https://doi.org/10.1002/bies.950151012AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article. Volume15, Issue10October 1993Pages 701-702 RelatedInformation

Molecular Embryology and the Study of Lung Development

The purpose of the Minisymposium on Molecular Embryology and the Study of Lung Development was to identify promising approaches to understanding the molecular basis oflung morphogenesis in the embryo. The rationale for holding such a meeting was that by studying the molecular basis of lung morphogenesis, a great deal of fundamental information will be obtained about the molecular and genetic programs that influence processes not only oflung morphogenesis and maturation but also lung injury, lung repair, and lung carcinogenesis. The overall consensus of the Society for Developmental Biology meeting at which this Minisymposium was held was that much is known about cells, but little is known about organ formation.

Syndactylies and polydactylies: embryological overview and suggested classification.

In 1978, Temtamy and McKusick classified isolated, non-syndromic polydactyly and syndactyly, using a logical anatomical approach, into five distinct types for each group. Since then, there have been considerable advances in the molecular embryology of the developing limb bud. These include the proposal that retinoic acid and/or related retinoids are the morphogens responsible for the morphogenetic gradient giving rise to anterior-posterior pattern formation of the limb bud, the suggestion that the HOX4 complex and other homeotic genes may also be involved in patterning, and a greater understanding of other mechanisms such as programmed cell death in the shaping of the final hand and foot. This paper briefly reviews the molecular embryology of limb development and outlines the 'end-organ responsiveness' of the limbs to a variety of single-gene mutations. An alternative classification of syndactylies and polydactylies is suggested. It is still too early to match specific defects to individual genes with precision, and it is obvious that many important developmental genes remain to be identified; nevertheless, it is envisaged that clues from molecular embryological studies will become increasingly more useful.

Genetic research in embryology

Based on findings on the molecular mechanisms of differentiation in drosophila, developmental genes have been identified in mammals similar to those in drosophila. Moreover, sequence similarities between drosophila developmental genes and mammalian growth factors provide evidence for common ancestors of such genes and suggest a complex link between growth and differentiation. As numerous oncogenes display their action as growth factors and are expressed during embryogenesis, differentiation and oncogenesis seem to be two sides of the same coin. Therefore, the aim of molecular embryology is twofold; elucidating differentiation processes and disclosing oncogenesis by studying the physiological function of oncogenes during development. Recent progress in molecular genetic technology now allows gene function to be studied by modification or disruption of genes. Models of clinical diseases have already evolved from such work and it is anticipated that progress in molecular embryology will further stimulate work on the diagnosis and therapy of genetic diseases as well as clinical oncology.

Homeobox genes in vertebrate evolution.

A wide range of anatomical features are shared by all vertebrates, but absent in our closest invertebrate relatives. The origin of vertebrate embryogenesis must have involved the evolution of new regulatory pathways to control the development of new features, but how did this occur? Mutations affecting regulatory genes, including those containing homeobox sequences, may have been important: for example, perhaps gene duplications allowed recruitment of genes to new roles. Here I ask whether comparative data on the genomic organization and expression patterns of homeobox genes support this hypothesis. I propose a model in which duplications of particular homeobox genes, followed by the acquisition of gene-specific secondary expression domains, allowed the evolution of the neural crest, extensive organogenesis and craniofacial morphogenesis. Specific details of the model are amenable to testing by extension of this comparative approach to molecular embryology.

Xenopus transcription factors: key molecules in the developmental regulation of differential gene expression

Research Article| September 01 1991 Xenopus transcription factors: key molecules in the developmental regulation of differential gene expression A P Wolffe A P Wolffe 1Laboratory of Molecular Embryology, NICHD, NIH Building 6, Room 131, Bethesda, MD 20892, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem J (1991) 278 (2): 313–324. https://doi.org/10.1042/bj2780313 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation A P Wolffe; Xenopus transcription factors: key molecules in the developmental regulation of differential gene expression. Biochem J 1 September 1991; 278 (2): 313–324. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bj2780313 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Journal Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1991 The Biochemical Society, London1991 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.

What the papers says: Nucleosome segregation - divided opinions?

BioEssaysVolume 12, Issue 5 p. 237-239 Feature What the papers says: Nucleosome segregation – divided opinions? M. P. Fairman, M. P. Fairman CRC Molecular Embryology Group, Department of Zoology, Downing St., Cambridge CB2 3EJ, UK.Search for more papers by this author M. P. Fairman, M. P. Fairman CRC Molecular Embryology Group, Department of Zoology, Downing St., Cambridge CB2 3EJ, UK.Search for more papers by this author First published: May 1990 https://doi.org/10.1002/bies.950120508Citations: 3AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat Citing Literature Volume12, Issue5May 1990Pages 237-239 RelatedInformation

Book Reviews

The Making of the Nervous System edited by J. G. Parnavelas, C. D. Stern, and R. V. Stirling. Topobiology: An Introduction to Molecular Embryology by G. M. Edelman. Basic Books, New York Cerebral Cortex, Vol 7: Development and Maturation of Cerebral Cortex Intrinsic Determinants of Neuronal Form and Function edited by R. J. Lasek and M. M. Black.

Transgenes as molecular probes for genomic imprinting

Department of Molecular Embryology, l~titute of Animal Physiology and Ge~tics Research, Babraham, Cambridge CB2 4.47, UK. The important discovery of func- tional differences between parental genomes in the mouse can be attributed to germ-fine-specific mod- ifications, or imprinting, of certain chromosomal regions I-~. Partheno- genetic and androgenetic embryos* fail to reach term, but at midgesta- tion they exhibit opposite pheno- types, suggesting that the two parental genomes carry complemen- tary information controUing spatial organization of the fetus 3'4. Hence, imprinting of parental genomes results in the introduction of chromo- somal determinants or heritable mol- ecular information essential for nor- real development. Neither the mol- ecular mechanism of imprinting nor the nature of the information being propagated is known. A number of recent studies provide the first glimpse of the molecular genetics of imprinting s-s. *Parthenogenetic (and gynogenetic) eggs contain two maternal pronuclei while androgenetic eggs cohtain two paternal pronudei. Parthenogenetic eggs are prepared after artificial activa- tion of unfertilized eggs; androgenetic (and gynogenetic) eggs are reconstituted by micromanipulation of fertilized eggs. Imprinted chromosomal domains Genetic studies using complemen- tation tests have identified chromo- somal regions whose functions are dictated by their parental origin 9-u. These experiments show that some chromosomal re~ons must be of paternal origin (e.g. chromosomes 6 and 8) and others of maternal origin (e.g. chromosomes 7 and 17) for normal development to term. Fur- thermore, genetic analysis of mater- nal or paternal ctuplications and cor- responding deficiencies of some chromosomal regions - such as distal 2 and proximal 11 - demonstrate an influence on phenotypic characteris- tics such as shape, behaviour and size of neonates, depending on the parental origin of these regions ° . These studies suggest that about one quarter of the genome is imprinted, the rest being unaffected by the parental origin. Despite detailed Imowledge of imprinted chromo- somal regions, none of the genes responsible for the phenotypic effects is known, partly because these studies identify large chromo- somal domains defined by transloca- tion breakpoints and containing num- erous genes. The identification of the

Embryonic induction and gene activation: [formula omitted]. CRC Molecular Embryology Research Unit, Dept. of Zoology, Univ. Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, England

Embryonic induction and gene activation: [formula omitted]. CRC Molecular Embryology Research Unit, Dept. of Zoology, Univ. Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, England

Regulation of gene expression in mouse embryos and teratocarcinoma cells: [formula omitted]. Laboratory of Molecular Embryology, National Institute for Medical Research, London NW7 1AA, United Kingdom

Regulation of gene expression in mouse embryos and teratocarcinoma cells: [formula omitted]. Laboratory of Molecular Embryology, National Institute for Medical Research, London NW7 1AA, United Kingdom

Molecular embryology in amphibians: new approaches to old questions

A set of genes that is activated during early amphibian development in a regionally specific way has been isolated and used in studying germ layer determination. Evidence for cell autonomous differentiation of ectodermal and endodermal markers, and dependence on cell interaction for muscle-specific gene activation has been obtained.

The role of β-N-acetilglucosaminidase in sea urchin sperm-egg interaction: [formula omitted] and [formula omitted]. Institute of Molecular Embryology, C.N.R., Via Toiano 2, 80072 Arco Felice, Naples, Italy

The role of β-N-acetilglucosaminidase in sea urchin sperm-egg interaction: [formula omitted] and [formula omitted]. Institute of Molecular Embryology, C.N.R., Via Toiano 2, 80072 Arco Felice, Naples, Italy

Expression of oncogene myc in pre and post implantation rat embryos : V. Maharajan, S. Sarkar & M.K. Sanyal CNR Inst. of Molecular Embryology, 80072 Arco Felice, Naples, Italy & Yale Univ. Med. School, New Haven, CT

Expression of oncogene myc in pre and post implantation rat embryos : V. Maharajan, S. Sarkar & M.K. Sanyal CNR Inst. of Molecular Embryology, 80072 Arco Felice, Naples, Italy & Yale Univ. Med. School, New Haven, CT

Effects of anti-cancer agents of fertilization and early development of sea urchin : B. De Petrocellis and V. Maharajan CNR Institute of Molecular Embryology, 80072 Arco Felice, Naples, Italy

Effects of anti-cancer agents of fertilization and early development of sea urchin : B. De Petrocellis and V. Maharajan CNR Institute of Molecular Embryology, 80072 Arco Felice, Naples, Italy

Factors for protein synthesis in the axoplasm of squid giant axons.

Journal of NeurochemistryVolume 28, Issue 6 p. 1393-1395 Factors for protein synthesis in the axoplasm of squid giant axobs A. Giuditta, A. Giuditta International Institute of Genetics and Biophysics, Naples, Italy.Search for more papers by this authorS. Metafora, S. Metafora Laboratory of Molecular Embryology and the Zoological Station, Naples, Italy.Search for more papers by this authorA. Felsani, A. Felsani Laboratory of Molecular Embryology and the Zoological Station, Naples, Italy.Search for more papers by this authorA. Del Rio, A. Del Rio Laboratory of Molecular Embryology and the Zoological Station, Naples, Italy.Search for more papers by this author A. Giuditta, A. Giuditta International Institute of Genetics and Biophysics, Naples, Italy.Search for more papers by this authorS. Metafora, S. Metafora Laboratory of Molecular Embryology and the Zoological Station, Naples, Italy.Search for more papers by this authorA. Felsani, A. Felsani Laboratory of Molecular Embryology and the Zoological Station, Naples, Italy.Search for more papers by this authorA. Del Rio, A. Del Rio Laboratory of Molecular Embryology and the Zoological Station, Naples, Italy.Search for more papers by this author First published: June 1977 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1977.tb12339.xCitations: 55AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat Citing Literature Volume28, Issue6June 1977Pages 1393-1395 RelatedInformation

BOOK REVIEWS

Book reviewed in this article: DNA Synthesis. By A. Kornberg, W. H. Freeman Plasma Lysozyme—A Measure of Neutrophil Turnover. An Analytical Review. By Niels Ebbe Hansen. Introduction to Molecular Embryology. By Jean Brachet. Beta‐2 Microglobulin and HL‐A Antigens. Transplantation Reviews, 21, 1974. Edited by Goran Moller. Histochemical Aspects of Organogenesis in Vertebrates. By J. Milaire. Journal of Cutaneous Pathology. A new Journal published by Munksgaard, Copenhagen. Edited by Leopold F. Montes. Genetics and the Animal Cell. By Mario Terzi, John Wiley & Sons.

Decreased globin messenger RNA in thalassemia by hydridization and biologic activity assays.

Decreased globin messenger RNA in thalassemia by hydridization and biologic activity assays.