Modified Radical Mastectomy Patients Research Articles

Effects of axillary dose restriction on plan quality and acute radiation dermatitis in breast cancer radiotherapy.

Axillary dose restriction (ADR) is rarely implemented in breast cancer radiotherapy by radiation oncologists to minimize exposure to organs at risk (OARs), particularly the axilla. This prospective randomized controlled study aims to evaluate the efficacy of ADR in improving plan quality (PQ) and its impact on acute radiation dermatitis (ARD) in breast cancer radiotherapy. The study recruited breast cancer patients who required postoperative radiotherapy but did not have an indication for axillary irradiation. Delineation and dosimetric assessment of the axilla (Axilla Levels I-III and Axillary Cavity) were performed in all cases, with ADR implemented randomly. ADR involved restricting the mean axilla dose to 40-45 Gy during radiotherapy. The outcomes assessed included the ARD grades (both overall and axillary) and dose-volume parameters of PQ including skin V35. The study enrolled 87 patients, who were randomly divided into two groups: Group I (50 patients) received ADR, while Group C (37 patients) did not. ADR was found to be significantly associated with reduced exposure doses to the axilla and ipsilateral lung, specifically in patients with modified radical mastectomy (MRM). Results of other PQ parameters, such as D95, V93, V95, V100, V107 for the planning target volume (PTV), V30, Dmean for the heart, Dmax for the spinal cord, and V5 for the ipsilateral lung, demonstrated potential benefits in alleviating doses to these OARs while maintaining optimized PQ, although these results were not statistically significant. However, no statistically significant correlation between ADR and severe ARD (≥ Grade 2) or skin V35 was established, either in the total patient population or in subgroups. Additionally, a multivariable logistic regression for severe ARD was conducted, with ADR and skin V35 included as predictive factors. Only older age was found to be significantly associated with severe ARD. Implementing ADR in breast cancer radiotherapy not only protects the axilla and ipsilateral lung but also maintains optimized PQ, specifically in MRM patients, though it shows no evidence of alleviating ARD. Adopting ADR may be considered a valuable option in breast cancer radiotherapy.

Comparative Study between the Effect of Ultrasound Guided Erector Spinae Plane Block (ESPB) versus Serratus Anterior Plane Block (SAPB) for Postoperative Analgesia in Modified Radical Mastectomy Patients

Abstract Background Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women both in the developed and less developed world. In 2012, it represented about 12 percent of all new cancer cases and 25 percent of all cancers in women. Aim of the Work The aim of this work is to evaluate the effectiveness of ultrasound guided erector spinae plane block (ESPB) versus Serratus Anterior plane block (SAPB) as a postoperative Analgesia in Modified Radical Mastectomy. Patients and Methods After obtaining approval from the medical ethical committee in Ain Shams University, this study was conducted in the operating theatres of Ain Shams University Hospitals. It included 64 female patients undergoing modified radical mastectomy were divided randomly into two groups, each group consisted of 32 patients group I in which patients received ESPB and group II in which patients received SAPB. Results The two groups were adequately monitored and assessed post-operatively and they were compared regarding analgesic outcome by using the numeric rating score system, besides, recording time for first for analgesic need and total consumption of opioid and analgesic in the 1st 24 postoperative hours. Demographic data and post operative hemodynamics were also assessed. Conclusion Both Erector spinae plane block and serratus anterior plane block provide good analgesic control after modified radical mastectomy but the ESPB is more superior compared to SAPB in postoperative hemodynamics and pain score.

Outcomes of the Electrothermal Bipolar Vessel Sealing Device and Electrocautery in Modified Radical Mastectomy Patients.

Introduction With the rising trends in breast cancer throughout the world, the traditional modus of intraoperative tissue dissection using a scalpel, scissors, or electrocautery needs to be re-evaluated in the wake of newer modalities, such as electrothermal bipolar vessel sealing (EBVS) devices, which may theoretically reduce the postoperative complications and morbidity in these patients. Aimand objective The objective of this study is to compare an EBVS device to electrocautery (diathermy) in modified radical mastectomy (MRM), based on selected intraoperative and postoperative outcomes. Study procedure This was a comparative cross-sectional section study that included 60 patients with operable breast cancer (stages I and II, TNM classification, and post-neoadjuvant stage III disease). Patients were divided into two groups for surgery: one group underwent an MRM using the EBVS device (Group A), while the other group had the procedure performed using conventional electrocautery (Group B), as per the surgeon's choice depending on theatre slot and equipment availability. Intraoperatively, the total operative time, time for raising the flaps, time taken for breast tissue dissection, time for axillary dissection, and blood loss were recorded. Postoperative parameters included total drainage volume, number of days of drainage, seroma formation, and other complications. Patients were followed up for one month after surgery, with early postoperative complications such as wound infection, upper limb lymphedema, seroma, flap necrosis, and nerve injuries being documented. Results The groups were found to be comparable in terms of the age distribution, TNM staging, stage grouping, and nodal status of the patients. The EBVS device group demonstrated statistically significant advantages in total operative time, axillary dissection time, flap raising time, breast tissue dissection time, intraoperative blood loss, total drainage volume, and days of drainage. However, no statistically significant difference was found between the two devices in terms of seroma formation, early postoperative complications, and duration of postoperative stay at the hospital. Conclusion While the use of EBVS in MRM provides a considerable decrement in the total operative duration, duration of the various steps of surgery, intraoperative blood loss, and postoperative volume and duration of drainage, these devices do not offer an evident advantage in terms of the postoperative complications or morbidity.

Comparison of midpoint transverse process to pleura (MTP) block and erector spinae plane block (ESP) for postoperative analgesia in modified radical mastectomy patients: A double-blinded, randomized control trial.

Modified radical mastectomy (MRM) is associated with moderate severity of postoperative pain. Besides intravenous (IV) analgesics, various nerve blocks are being described for pain relief of MRM patients. We compared erector spinae plane (ESP) block with midpoint transverse process to pleura (MTP) block in these patients for postoperative analgesia. After receiving ethical committee approval from the institutional ethics committee (AIIMS, Jodhpur) and written informed consent from study participants, 66 patients who were assigned American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status I and II, aged 18-75 years, and were scheduled to undergo MRM were enrolled and randomly allocated into two groups. Unilateral block was given before surgery at T3 or T4 level and with 15 ml of 0.5% ropivacaine in both the groups. Infusion of 0.5% ropivacaine (Neon laboratories limited, Mumbai, India) and 0.2% ropivacaine at a rate of 5 ml/h was maintained intraoperatively and postoperatively, respectively. Pain was assessed using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) for the next 24 hours. The total number of patients needing rescue analgesia, the total amount of rescue analgesics consumed in the next 24 hours, and patient satisfaction score were also compared between groups. Demographics and baseline vitals were comparable in the groups. On comparing VAS scores in both the groups during rest and movement at different time intervals, there was no difference in pain scores during the initial two hours. From the third hour, there was a statistically significant difference (P < 0.001) in pain VAS scores in both groups. The ESP group had lower VAS scores compared to the MTP group when followed for the next 24 hours. There was a statistically significant difference in patient satisfaction. ESP block is more efficacious when compared to MTP block for postoperative analgesia in MRM patients.

Comparing the effect of adding 8mg Dexamethasone to 0.25% bupivacaine to plain bupivacaine 0.25% in Erector spinae plain block in Modified radical mastectomy patients: A Randomized Controlled Study.

Comparing the effect of adding 8mg Dexamethasone to 0.25% bupivacaine to plain bupivacaine 0.25% in Erector spinae plain block in Modified radical mastectomy patients: A Randomized Controlled Study.

Influence of contralateral prophylactic mastectomy on textbook outcome attainment at time of mastectomy

IntroductionThe objective of this study was to determine the incidence of textbook oncologic outcome (TOO) and its impact on overall survival (OS) among patients with invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) following modified radical mastectomy (MRM) versus MRM with contralateral prophylactic mastectomy (MRM ​+ ​CPM). MethodsThe 2004–2017 National Cancer Database was queried for patients with IDC who underwent MRM and MRM ​+ ​CPM. TOO was defined as: resection with negative margins, adequate lymphadenectomy, length of stay ≤50th percentile, and no 30-day readmission or mortality. Results87,573 patients were identified, of which 14.3% underwent MRM ​+ ​CPM. Logistic regression models revealed that MRM ​+ ​CPM is independently associated with a reduced likelihood of achieving TOO (AOR ​= ​0.71; P ​< ​0.001). MRM patients who achieved TOO had a higher median OS compared to those who did not (164.6 vs.142.2 months, P ​< ​0.001). ConclusionsMRM ​+ ​CPM is associated with a lower incidence of TOO attainment compared to MRM.

Analgesic efficacy of ultrasound-guided PECS II and transeversus thoracic plane blocks compared to serratus anterior plane block for modified radical mastectomy: A randomized prospective study

ABSTRACT Background Chronic pain and discomfort after breast cancer surgery could be reduced by improving acute postoperative pain management. Aim The aim is to compare the analgesic effectiveness of ultrasonography (US) guided serratus anterior plane (SAP) block vs combined modified pectoral nerve (PECS II) and transeversus thoracic plane (TTP) blocks by for modified radical mastectomy patients. The study was registered on Clinicaltrials.gov with registration code: NCT04908878 Patients and methods 70 patients were divided into two equal groups (35 each). After induction of general anesthesia, Group I got unilateral us-guided PECS II-TTP blocks on the procedure side. Group II: received unilateral us-guided SAP block on the operation side. The 24 hours’ postoperative morphine consumption (mg) was the primary outcome. Secondary outcomes were VAS score, time to first need for rescue analgesia, patient satisfaction and complications. Results In combined PECS II-TTP blocks there was a significant decrease in the 24 hours’ postoperative morphine consumption [median (IQR); 3 (3, 6) and 9 (9, 12) mg], VAS scores [median (IQR); 3 (2, 3), 3 (3, 4) at 4 hrs. and 3 (3, 3), 3 (3, 5) at 6 hrs. in group I and II respectively] and prolonged time for 1st rescue analgesia [median (IQR); 8 (6, 12) and 6 (4, 8) hrs in group I and II respectively]. While, there were no significant differences between the two groups in intra-operative fentanyl consumption, hemodynamics or complication. Conclusion The PECS II-TTP blocks provide effective and long-lasting postoperative analgesia than SAP block in modified radical mastectomy.

Comparison of Analgesic Effect of Clonidine as an Adjuvant with Different Concentration of Ropivacaine (0.35% and 0.2%) in Thoracic Paravertebral Block among Modified Radical Mastectomy Patients: A Randomised Double Blinded Clinical Study

Introduction: Thoracic Paravertebral Block (TPVB) appears promising for reduction of postoperative pain in Modified Radical Mastectomy (MRM). Various combinations of local anaesthetics and adjuvants have been tried in TPVB but search for an ideal combination is still on. Aim: To evaluate analgesic efficacy of clonidine (1 µg/kg) as adjuvant with different concentrations of ropivacaine (0.35%, 0.2%) for TPVB in MRM surgery. Materials and Methods: This randomised double blind comparative clinical study was carried out in a tertiary care centre in Southern Rajasthan from January 2019 to March 2020, clinical study, 120 American Society of Anaesthesiologists (ASA) grade I, II patients aged 18-60 years female patients undergoing MRM surgery were randomised into three groupsRP, RC and LDRC to receive 0.35% Ropivacaine 19 mL, 0.35% Ropivacaine 19 ml+Clonidine (1 µg/kg) and 0.2% Ropivacaine 19 ml+Clonidine(1 µg/kg) diluted upto total 20 ml with normal saline, respectively. TPVB was performed at T4 level as single injection followed by administration of general endotracheal anaesthesia. The primary outcome measured was duration of analgesia. Secondary outcomes measured included consumption of rescue analgesic, Visual analog scale and perioperative haemodynamic parameters. Quantitative and qualitative data were analysed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Chi-square test respectively. p&lt;0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Mean duration of analgesia was prolonged in clonidine groups RC and LDRC (811.5±110.99 and 753±119.76 min, respectively) as compared to group RP (400.125±108.13 min), although no statistically significant difference was noted between group RC and LDRC. Similar observations were noted when total dose of rescue analgesic in group RC (82.50±7.21 mg) and LDRC (99.38±35.57 mg) was compared to group RP (142.50±53.169 mg) as well as when total number of rescue analgesic doses in group RC (1.10±0.496) and group LDRC (1.32±0.474) were compared to group RP (1.92±0.694). Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) was noted at rest, cough, movement at 0, 4, 8, 12, 24 hours and showed a statistically significant difference between ropivacaine group RP and ropivacaine clonidine groups. Conclusion: Addition of clonidine to ropivacaine in TPVB during breast cancer surgery results in lower pain scores, prolong duration of analgesia and reduce postoperative requirement of rescue analgesics. Both lower (0.2%) and higher (0.35%) concentrations of ropivacaine provide equally effective postoperative analgesia.

Ultrasound-guided serratus anterior block versus instillation of local anaesthetic through surgical drain in modified radical mastectomy: A randomized controlled study

ABSTRACT Background The primary outcome measure of this study was to compare ultrasound-guided serratus anterior block versus instillation of local anesthetic through the surgical drain in modified radical mastectomy patients as regards the duration of analgesia between the two techniques. Material and methods This prospective, randomized, double-blinded study was conducted on 162 female patients aged 25–50 years, ASA 1, ASA 2, selected for elective unilateral modified radical mastectomy in the Main University Hospital. Group SABP (n = 81) received 20 ml bupivacaine 0.5% in the plan between serratus anterior and latissimus dorsi muscles. Group LA (n = 81) received 40 ml bupivacaine 0.25%, 20 ml in each surgical drain (axillary and chest wall drain). Results The results of the study revealed that the duration of analgesia lasted for 20.8 hr in the SAPB group, while it was 8.14 hourshr in the LA group (P-value ˂0.001). In most postoperative periods, the SAPB group had lower VAS scores at rest and with movement of the ipsilateral arm compared to the LA group. The overall dose and frequency of the consumed rescue analgesic over the first 24 hr in the postoperative period were significantly lower in the SAPB group than in the second group (P-value <0.001). The SAPB group had higher satisfaction scores than the LA group (P-value <0.001). Conclusion It was concluded that the SAPB technique showed superiority over the anesthetic instillation method in controlling acute post-mastectomy pain with a longer duration of analgesia, more patient satisfaction, and less rescue analgesics were consumed.

Quality of Life Post Breast Cancer Surgery: Comparison of Breast Conservation Surgery versus Modified Radical Mastectomy in a Developing Country.

Introduction Breast cancer survivors are the largest group of female cancer survivors. Oncologic breast surgery can have a profound impact on a woman's body image and sense of self that can significantly affect their quality of life (QOL). The paucity of data about the effect of type of surgery on QOL of Indian breast cancer survivors has led to this study. Materials and Methods This prospective study included consecutive female early breast cancer patients who underwent primary surgery, that is, breast conservation surgery (BCS) or modified radical mastectomy (MRM) from January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2015. The primary objective was the comparison of QOL using European Organization for the Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire (EORTC QLQ-C30) and EORTC QLQ-BR 23 between the two groups at 6 months and 1 year postsurgery with the baseline. Results One hundred and thirty-eight patients were included of which 62 underwent BCS and 76 underwent MRM. BCS patients fared better with respect to physical functioning, dyspnea, fatigue, appetite loss, and body image at 6 months ( p < 0.05) as compared with MRM. At 1 year postsurgery, BCS patients fared better with respect to physical functioning, role functioning, global health status, body image, sexual enjoyment, and dyspnea, while MRM patients fared better in emotional functioning and future prospectives ( p < 0.05). Conclusion Patients undergoing BCS have a better QOL with respect to various functional and symptom scales at 6 months and 1 year. However, patients undergoing MRM perform better in terms of future perspective and emotional functioning at 1 year.

Postoperative Analgesia in Modified Radical Mastectomy Patients After Instillation of Bupivacaine Through Surgical Drains.

Background: In contrast to other breast surgeries, modified radical mastectomy (MRM) with axillary lymph node clearance involves intense tissue dissection, with postoperative seroma formation and pain being the major complaints affecting patients. Among these, 40% of females experience acute postoperative pain, and between 25 to 60% develop persistent chronic postsurgical pain. The rationale of this study was that minimally invasive procedures can result in immediate pain relief in patients undergoing mastectomy, which has been proven to satisfy their needs and lead to early discharge in the local population.Objective: This study determined to find out the efficacy of instilling bupivacaine on wounds by means of surgical drains in controlling pain after MRM.Methodology: This was a randomized control study trial that was carried out in Surgical Unit 1, Ward 3, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre, Karachi, from November 2020 to April 2021. All patients tested negative for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) by PCR test before randomly allocating them into two groups. Thirty women in Group B received 40 ml of 0.25% injection bupivacaine, and 30 in Group C received no drug. Duration of analgesia was recorded as time in hours when the patient was received after surgery in the post-anesthesia care unit until the patient felt ache and discomfort of > three scores according to the visual analog pain score chart (VAS).Results: The average age was 52.48±4.76 years. The mean period of time during which analgesia was observed was significantly higher in Group B as compared to Group C (10.93±1.84 vs 5.03±1.35 hours, p=0.0005).Conclusion: There is improvement in postoperative analgesia after instilling bupivacaine through surgical drains on wound beds in MRM patients.

Assessment of post-operative analgesia in modified radical mastectomy patients using surgical wound irrigation with 0.25% bupivacaine

Modified Radical Mastectomy is the widely followed treatment for operable breast cancers. Among the methods used to alleviate pain, irrigation of wound with 0.25% Bupivacaine is one of the under-utilized methods with good efficiency compared to other drugs.To evaluate the role of local irrigation of 0.25% bupivacaine in alleviating the post-operative pain. This observational study was conducted among 60 female patients who underwent Modified Radical Mastectomy in a tertiary care teaching hospital between January 2017 and July 2018. Thirty (30) patients were randomly allotted to control group, where the routine post-operative pain management was followed. Another 30 were randomly allotted to study group where, before closure of the wound, a 20G scalp vein set was used along the length of the incision with multiple punctures in it for continuous irrigation with 0.25% Bupivacaine. Post operatively Visual analogue scale was used to measure the pain sensation at every six hours for 24 hours. The adverse effects like pain, hematoma, wound dehiscence, infection was noted on all the post-operative days.Both the groups were similar with respect to basic parameters measured. There was a significant reduction in need for rescue analgesia in the study group. There was a significant difference in mean VAS score between both groups from 6 hour of surgery. Post-operative nausea and vomiting was significantly less in the study group. Irrigation of wound with 0.25% Bupivacaine is found to reduce the pain sensation with minimal side effects without systemic compromise.

Comparative Study between the Effect of Ultrasound Guided Pectoral Nerve Block (PEC 1) versus Serratus Anterior Plane Block (SAPB) For Postoperative Analgesia in Modified Radical Mastectomy

Abstract Background Breast cancer has continued to be the most common cancer afflicting women, accounting for 31% of all new cancer cases in the female population. Every year, thousands of patients undergo surgery in the region of the breast and axilla. Surgery is one of the mainstays of treatment, and a procedure called modified radical mastectomy (MRM) is now a standard surgical treatment for earlystage breast cancers. Objectives The aim of this work is to evaluate the Effectiveness of Ultrasound Guided Pectoral nerve block (PEC1) versus Serratus Anterior plane block (SAPB) for postoperative Analgesia in Modified Radical Mastectomy Patients and Methods After obtaining approval from the medical ethical committee in Ain Shams University This study was conducted in the operating theatres of Ain Shams University Hospitals. It included Thirty Female patients undergoing Modified Radical Mastectomy were divided randomly into two groups, each group consisted of 15 patients group I in which patients received PEC 1 and group II in which patients received Serratus Anterior Plane Block (SAPB). Results The two groups were adequately monitored and assessed post-operatively and they were compared regarding analgesic outcome by using the visual analogue scaling system, besides, recording time for first for analgesic need and total consumption of opioid and analgesic in the 1st 24 postoperative hours. Demographic data and post operative hemodynamics were also assessed. Conclusion SAPB was effective in reducing postoperative pain scores for 6 -12 hours and lower total 24-h postoperative opioid and analgesic consumption after Modified Radical Mastectomy under general anesthesia, compared to PEC 1 block.

A Comparison Between Modified Radical Mastectomy and Breast-Conserving Surgery Concerning the Quality of Life in Patients with Breast Cancer Under 50 Years of Age

surgery (BCS) to those having undergone modified radical mastectomy (MRM). Material and Methods: Forty-four BCS and 27 MRM patients have been included in this retrospective study. All patients have completed adjuvant chemotherapies and radiation therapies. MRM patients who received breast reconstruction surgery afterwards, patients who experienced local or distant organ relapse, or patients over fifty years old have been excluded. Each patient’s quality of life has been evaluated using the Short Form 36 (SF-36), 6 months after the completion of their treatment. Results: Between BCS and MRM groups, no significant difference of age, height, weight and body mass index was observed. While the BCS group yielded better results from the SF-36 subscales, i.e. physical functioning, physical role functioning, emotional role functioning, social role functioning, bodily pain, and general health perceptions, the only measures illustrating a significant difference were vitality and mental health, in comparison of BCS with MRM group (p= 0.043 and p= 0.023, respectively). Conclusion: In the treatment of breast cancer, enhancing patients’ quality of life is just as essential as improving survivals. Our research demonstrates higher quality of life in BCS patients, highlighting the statistical difference of the vitality and mental health subscales of the SF-36, compared with the MRM group.

The Use of Oral Antibiotics to Prevent Surgical Site Infection on Postoperative Modified Radical Mastectomy Patients in Dr. Soetomo General Hospital, Surabaya

Surgical operations on modified radical mastectomy are considered clean procedures by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) wound classification system. Despite this, higher than expected Surgical Site Infection (SSI) rates are reported, varying from 1 % to 26 % across the literature. Some surgeons also prescribe postoperative prophylaxis for postoperative modified radical mastectomy patients to prevent infection despite its lack of proven efficacy. The aim of this study is to analyze the use of oral antibiotics to prevent Surgical Site Infection (SSI) on postoperative modified radical mastectomy patients in Dr. Soetomo General Hospital. This study was double-blinded randomized control trial of 60 postoperative modified radical mastectomy patients (2 groups) during the period of December 2017 to March 2018. Samples were prospectively divided into two groups (random sampling), in group A (n=30) patients received single dose prophylactic antibiotics and continued with oral antibiotics postoperative (Cefadroxil 2 x 500 mg) during 7 days and in group B (n=30) patients received single dose prophylactic antibiotics and continued without postoperative antibiotics (placebo). Both groups were evaluated clinically for surgical site infection up to 30 days. There was no statistically significant difference in both groups {p=1 (p&gt;0.05)}. There was no incidence of surgical site infection in both groups during the 30-day follow-up period (days 3, 7, 14 and 30). There was no difference in the surgical site infection rate among those who received oral postoperative antibiotics prophylactic and without antibiotics (placebo) on postoperative modified radical mastectomy patients in Dr. Soetomo General Hospital. Because of the potential adverse events associated with antibiotic use, further evaluation of this practice is required.

Effect of Breast Conserving Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy (SLNB) and Modified Radical Mastectomy on Patients with Early Breast Cancer

Objective: To study the clinical effect of breast conserving combined with sentinel lymph node biopsy and modified radical mastectomy in patients with early breast cancer. Methods: Female patients with early breast cancer in clinical stage I and II were selected as the main objects of this study, the study period started from July 2017 to July 2020. In the breast conserving and sentinel lymph node biopsy patients, 50 cases were randomly selected as the experimental group; 50 cases in the modified radical mastectomy patients were randomly selected as the control group. The clinical intervention effect of the two groups was analyzed. Results: the perioperative indexes of the experimental group were shorter than those of the control group, the patients recovered faster, the incidence of complications in the experimental group was lower, and the quality of life scores of the experimental group were significantly higher than those of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant, the intervention effect of the experimental group was also better. Conclusion: The application of breast conserving and sentinel lymph node biopsy in the treatment of early breast cancer can promote the recovery of patients, shorten the operation time and reduce the rate of complications, which has significant clinical significance.

Is Survival with Conservative Breast Therapy Becoming Superior to That with Modified Radical Mastectomy Alone for the Treatment of Early Breast Cancer in This Era?

This study aims to assess survival rates in early breast cancer patients treated by conservative breast therapy (CBT), including radiotherapy, compared with those treated by modified radical mastectomy (MRM) alone. The South Egypt Cancer Institute and the Assiut University Oncology Department patients' records, from January 2010 to December 2017, were searched for T1-2N0-1M0 breast cancer patients treated by CBT or MRM. Patients who did not receive chemotherapy were excluded to reduce the treatment variation. The 5-year locoregional disease-free survival (LRDFS) was 97.3% for the CBT patients was and 98.0% for the MRM patients (P = .675). The 5-year distant disease-free survival (DDFS) was 93.6% for CBS and 85.7% for MRM (P = 0.033). The DFS was 91.9% for the BCT patients and 85.3% for the MRM patients (P = 0.045). The 5-year OS was 98.2% for the CBT patients and 94.3% for the MRM patients, (P = 0.02). By Cox regression analysis, the CBT resulted in significantly better OS, (P = 0.018) and the HR = 0.350, 95% CI 0.146-0.837. The adjusted OS, estimated by the propensity score-based weights, remained superior in CBT than in MRM patients (P < 0.001). CBT resulted in better DDFS, DFS, and OS than MRM. Future randomized trials are needed to confirm these findings and determine the cause.

Impact of Post Mastectomy Pain Syndrome on Health-Related Quality of Life in Modified Radical Mastectomy Patients

Background and Objective: Post Mastectomy Pain Syndrome (PMPS) is one of the most commonly experienced side effects of radical mastectomy and modified radical mastectomy. PMPS is a chronic, progressively debilitating neuropathic pain felt in the axilla, arm, breast and chest wall after the surgery is performed which hampers or affects the daily functions like bathing, washing, normal arm movements to reach out and has a direct or indirect impact on general health and psychological aspect affecting quality of life. Sleep disturbances, increased absenteeism is seen in PMPS subjects. Hence the purpose of the study was to find the impact on health-related quality of life of postmastectomy pain syndrome subjects undergone modified radical mastectomy. Material and Methodology: In this cross-sectional study, 92 post mastectomy subjects were enrolled between the age group of 30 and 60, who completed treatment 3 months prior to the study and scoring of pain above 7 according to LANSS pain scale. Intensity of pain was assessed according to Visual Analogue Scale. Thus, SF-36 questionnaire was used to determine the impact on health-related quality of life. Result: According to this study there is a decline of 49.22% in general health, 52.70% in physical functioning, 46.80% in role physical, 40.37% in role emotional, 36.69% in social functioning, 35.42% in mental health, 42.61% in vitality and 55.83% in pain. This indicates an overall decline in the quality of life of the post mastectomy subjects which sums up to 44.98% which is seen to be significant. Conclusion: Many post mastectomy subjects experienced post mastectomy pain syndrome which had an effect on their health related quality of life. There is a need to develop awareness about the occurrence of syndrome and also, we need some interventions to overcome and improve the quality of living.

Comparison of post-operative complications in modified radical mastectomy patients with full suction and compression bandage versus half suction and non-compression bandage

Background: Modified radical mastectomy still remains the most common surgical procedure employed in definitive management of breast cancer. Post mastectomy problems include skin flap necrosis, prolonged axillary drainage, seroma formation, wound gaping etc., among all seroma is commonest. Drainage usage and dressing applied after this procedure is debatable due to varying recommendations.Methods: A prospective randomized control trial was conducted on 84 FNAC/TRUECUT biopsy proven cases of early and locally advanced breast cancer patients admitted in surgery department, GSVM Medical College, Kanpur over a period of two years. Aiming to compare full suction drainage and compression dressing (n=42) (group 1) with half suction drainage and non-compression dressing (n=34) (group 2), in terms of post-operative morbidities like skin flap necrosis, prolonged axillary drainage, seroma formation, wound gaping and length of hospital stay. Romsons 16 number Romovac drains were used for suction and 2 elastic 6” crape bandage were used for compression.Results: During follow-up there was significant lower incidence of seroma formation in group 1 patients compared to group 2 patients (p&lt;0.0019). Full compression dressing patients have increased incidence of superficial skin necrosis compared to non-compression dressing patients (p&lt;0.022). Patients with half suction drainage and non-compression dressing has early drain removal than patients with full suction drainage and compression dressing (p&lt;0.05), the length of hospital stay was less in group 2 compared to group 1.Conclusions: There is markedly lesser incidence of post-operative seroma formation along with reduced morbidity in the form of patients discomfort and flap necrosis in post MRM patients with full suction drainage and compression dressing, but it requires a greater hospital stay and has slightly higher risk of superficial skin necrosis which can be easily managed with topical ointments, compared to patients with half suction drainage and non-compression dressing.

The Use of Oral Antibiotics to Prevent Surgical Site Infection on Postoperative Modified Radical Mastectomy Patients in Dr. Soetomo General Hospital, Surabaya

Surgical operations on modified radical mastectomy are considered clean procedures by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) wound classification system. Despite this, higher than expected Surgical Site Infection (SSI) rates are reported, varying from 1 % to 26 % across the literature. Some surgeons also prescribe postoperative prophylaxis for postoperative modified radical mastectomy patients to prevent infection despite its lack of proven efficacy. The aim of this study is to analyze the use of oral antibiotics to prevent Surgical Site Infection (SSI) on postoperative modified radical mastectomy patients in Dr. Soetomo General Hospital. This study was double-blinded randomized control trial of 60 postoperative modified radical mastectomy patients (2 groups) during the period of December 2017 to March 2018. Samples were prospectively divided into two groups (random sampling), in group A (n=30) patients received single dose prophylactic antibiotics and continued with oral antibiotics postoperative (Cefadroxil 2 x 500 mg) during 7 days and in group B (n=30) patients received single dose prophylactic antibiotics and continued without postoperative antibiotics (placebo). Both groups were evaluated clinically for surgical site infection up to 30 days. There was no statistically significant difference in both groups {p=1 (p&gt;0.05)}. There was no incidence of surgical site infection in both groups during the 30-day follow-up period (days 3, 7, 14 and 30). There was no difference in the surgical site infection rate among those who received oral postoperative antibiotics prophylactic and without antibiotics (placebo) on postoperative modified radical mastectomy patients in Dr. Soetomo General Hospital. Because of the potential adverse events associated with antibiotic use, further evaluation of this practice is required.