Modified Hill Cipher Research Articles

MODIFIKASI HILL CIPHER DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN MATRIKS KUNCI ORTHOGONAL DAN TRANSPOSITION SUBSTITUTION LEFT RIGHT SHIFT (TSLRS)

Matrix is a collection of components arranged in rows and columns, concept of a matrix can be used in solving a problem related to cryptography. A mathematician named Lester Hill created a polyalphabetic cryptographic system called the Hill Cipher. Hill cipher is an algorithm that in its process uses a matrix with size (a × a) as the key matrix. The classic Hill Cipher has the disadvantage that the operation used is not complicated. In this study, the classic Hill Cipher will be modified by using an orthogonal matrix as the key matrix, as well as adding several other operations such as transposition, substitution, and bit shift. This study compares the performance of the traditional Hill Cipher and the modified Hill Cipher in terms of cryptographic techniques on data(text). This research was conducted by encrypting and decrypting the classic Hill Cipher and modified Hill Cipher using similar data (text). Furthermore, a simulation will be carried out using Matlab so that it can use data (text) with a larger size. The results obtained are Hill Cipher which has been modified using an asymmetric cryptographic system, that is in left-right shift process so that the matrix keys will be different when use for encryption and decryption. Because it uses a different key in the encryption and decryption process, thus increasing the level of difficulty in decoding the message.

AI-Driven Innovations in Cryptography: Enhancing Key Generation and Security

In this paper, we introduce a novel approach for securing confidential data through a symmetric key cryptographic algorithm called the modified Hill Cipher by utilizing rhotrices. We provide a step-by-step procedure to implement this method and elucidate the process through an example. The modified Hill Cipher technique uses AI to generate key rhotrix and incorporates the use of rhotrices and rhotrix algebra to encrypt plain text and decrypt cipher text.

Modified Hill Cipher Algorithm using Myszkowski Transposition to address Known-Plaintext attack

Abstract: Hill Cipher algorithm is a Polygraphic cipher known to be vulnerable to the Known-Plaintext attack. It is a type of attack wherein the attacker has access to a pair of Plaintext and Ciphertext. Possible leaked information can be used to reveal critical data which can include the private key that is used in the encryption of the plaintext. In this study, the researchers propose an improved scheme by incorporating Myszkowski transposition in the algorithm to address the specified problem. Runtime Test and Statistical test such as the Avalanche effect were used to evaluate the performance of the algorithm. The test yielded a 25.70% faster runtime based on previous modifications and a 52.78% Avalanche Effect. Randomness test such as the Monobit test, Runs Test and Longest Run of Ones in a Block test were applied to evaluate the ciphertext produced. The criterion for the Randomness Test requires its p-value to be greater than 0.01, the evaluation showed a 0.249, 0.167 and 0.368 p-value, respectively. The proposed scheme proved that the algorithm is cryptographically secure and efficient as all tests yielded favorable results. Keywords: Cryptography, Hill Cipher, Encryption, Decryption, Key Generation

The main characteristics estimation of cryptographic protection in fault-tolerant marine data transmission systems

The article discusses as the stages of implementation of technological and technical solutions (technology of two control points (T2OT) and technology «TOTEM»- calculation of an integrated indicator of the influence of weather factors on the vessel), which formed the basis for the development of the concept of unmanned navigation. The studies of unmanned vessel traffic control are described: studies on planning the trajectory of a vessel, research on methods of intelligent and / or online support for collision avoidance, creation of a data transmission channel and research on traffic control methods. The architecture of the information model of the digital tool platform for the pilotage and mooring process is presented. It is proposed to use a group of specialized azimuthal automatic tugboats (ABA) with the use of multi-agent control systems using the “flock” method for remote piloting. Models and algorithms for cryptographic protection in fault-tolerant marine data transmission systems are proposed Based on the analysis of the requirements for fault-tolerant marine data transmission systems, the article suggests the direction of designing their cryptographic protection – a cipher of the “one-time pad” type as absolutely secure in a one-time mode. Its implementation can be carried out on the basis of a modified Hill cipher with the size of the key matrix that adaptively changes with the size of the transmitted message. The key matrix is formed as the Kronecker product (KP) of elementary involutive matrices, which significantly increases the efficiency of the cipher by eliminating the preliminary separate calculation of the CP, its inversion and the absence of the need to store it in memory.

Framework for concealing medical data in images using modified Hill cipher, multi-bit EF and ECDSA

Digitisation spread to the core area of the medical field and one of the results is telemedicine. Telemedicine provides the transfer of medical information of patients such as medical results, reports and images which closely deals with privacy. The real essence of telemedicine application relies on the secure storage and transfer of medical data over unsecured platform or network where the patient is remotely located from the service provider. The proposed work focused on combining security aspects into a single framework providing the CIA triad of security, i.e., confidentiality, integrity and authentication to achieve the above criteria, we use modified Hill cipher and multi-bit encoding function (EF) for confidentiality, ROI-based hashing for integrity and elliptic curve digital signature algorithm (ECDSA) for authentication. The experimental results prove the framework have a better embedding capacity with a comparatively higher PSNR value.

Framework for concealing medical data in images using modified Hill cipher, multi-bit EF and ECDSA

Framework for concealing medical data in images using modified Hill cipher, multi-bit EF and ECDSA

Augmented Hill Cipher

Securing data over an open network is one of the most critical problems in network security. To secure data, an encryption algorithm should be used. Hill cipher is one of most famous encryption algorithms. Although the Hill cipher is not strong enough and vulnerable to many types of attacks, it is still playing a significant role in educational systems; The original Hill cipher is vulnerable to known plaintext attack. In the last decade, Hill cipher got much attention. Researchers proposed many enhances to the Hill cipher; New modifications of the Hill cipher are proposed to enhance the security of Hill cipher. In this paper we shall show that ＂A Modified Hill Cipher Based on Circulant Matrices＂ is vulnerable to both known plaintext attack and chosen plaintext attack. Moreover, we will introduce a new mode of operation which can be used with any block cipher. Then we will propose a new enhanced encryption algorithm. After that, we shall provide a security analysis and efficiency evaluation for our new encryption algorithm.

Modified Hill Cipher Secure Technique using Latin Square and Magic Square

Modified Hill Cipher Secure Technique using Latin Square and Magic Square

Implementasi Kriptografi Dan Steganografi Pada Media Gambar Menggunakan Hill Cipher Dan Least Significant Bit (LSB)

Cryptography can be used to process message using a specific algorithm that make the message difficult to be understood. After that, steganography is used to hide the message in other forms. This research used modified Hill Cipher and Least Significant Bit (LSB) to build a web based application for sending message and get the original message using an android application. The title and cipher key will be sent automatically by the application to the recipient's email. This application can be used by organizations or companies and use stego cover with file type .jpg and message with file type .txt. The modified Hill Cipher and LSB method can be used to encrypt message, embed it to a image and reveal it to the original message. Our research show that the LSB method has the best possibility to reveal message on image manipulated by changing brightness and contrast if the cover in grayscale, and dominant red and white colours image quality.

Modified Hill Cipher Based Image Encryption Technique

Modified Hill Cipher Based Image Encryption Technique

An enhanced Hill cipher approach for image encryption in steganography

In this paper, a new approach is adopted to embed an image within an image using a modified Hill cipher method. The secret image is taken and rearranged to form N 2 × 2 matrices. A key matrix of length 2 × 2 is multiplied with all the N matrices and modulo-256 operation is performed. Then the new N matrices are rearranged to form a one-dimensional matrix. Each element of this matrix is converted to its binary value. A cover image is taken and in each of its pixels, the two least significant bits LSB are replaced with two bits from the binary matrix successively. While retrieving, the last 2 bits from each cover pixel are taken out, arranged to form a binary matrix and are converted into their respective 8-bit values. This one dimensional array is converted into N 2 × 2 matrices. These matrices are multiplied with the inverse of the key matrix to get the original values. These values are then rearranged appropriately to get the secret image which was transmitted.

Protection of Visual Data Transmission for Vessel Traffic Systems Using Joint Fingerprinting and Decryption Method Based on Modified Hill Cipher

Abstract Vessel traffic systems provide a high level of safety on coastal waters due to coastal radar stations and industrial cameras transmitting information to traffic supervision centers, as well. To improve a vessel traffic services is very important to ensure the speed and secrecy for the transmission of video images. The paper presents the basic issues of the multimedia data protection by digital watermarking and fingerprinting methods. Main applications for such digital marking were described in the paper as well as its requirements. Furthermore, the importance of multicast transmission for fingerprinting methods was presented by comparing the scalability of methods using only unicast transmissions and methods using multicast transmissions. The paper also presents the greatest threat to fingerprinting methods, which are attacks performed by more than one pirate. These attacks are called collusion attacks. The criteria that should be followed during identifying rogue users taking part in the collusion attack on the security systems has been presented. The paper also contains description of the extended Hillcast method, which belongs to the group of JFD (Joint Fingerprinting and Decryption) methods. The method provides a cryptographic security and digital fingerprinting of multimedia content, while maintaining high scalability. Main purpose of this method is VoD (Video on Demand) service, but it can also be used in vessel traffic supervision systems, such as VTS and AIS. In the last part of paper, there are results of studies which indicate high resistance to most common collusion attacks. Method proposed by authors can enhance the security of visual data transmission in vessel traffic systems.

A Modified Hill Cipher Involving Interweaving and Iteration

This paper deals with a modification of the Hill cipher. In this, we have introduced interweaving in each step of the iteration. The interweaving of the resulting plaintext, at each stage of the iteration, and the multiplication with the key matrix leads to confusion and diffusion. From the cryptanalysis performed in this investigation, we have found that the cipher is a strong one.

Privacy protection of biometric traits using modified hill cipher with involutory key and robust cryptosystem

Abstract In this paper we have proposed a technique for securing biometric traits using the modified Hill Cipher with an involutory key and a robust cryptosystem. The Modified Hill Cipher solves the drawbacks of conventional Hill ciphers by using iterations and interlacing. Interlacing of the binary bits of the plaintext image creates confusion while iterations create complexity to the cipher image. The Modified Hill cipher is secure to known plaintext. Binary conversion is only possible for integer elements so an integer involutory key matrix is used. As the key matrix is involutory, which eliminates necessity of matrix inverse while decryption. We have used a robust cryptosystem algorithm to send the cipher matrix safely. The cryptanalysis and histogram graphs show the variation of image property before and after encryption.

Modified Hill Cipher for a Large Block of Plaintext with Interlacing and Iteration

In this research, we have developed a large block cipher by modifying the Hill cipher. In this, we have introduced interlacing of the binary bits of the plaintext as the primary concept leading to confusion. This process is strengthened by using iteration. The cryptanalysis and avalanche effect mentioned in this research clearly exhibit the strength of the cipher.

Modified Hill Cipher with Interlacing and Iteration

In this research, we have developed a block cipher by taking a large key matrix of size nxn and a plaintext matrix containing n rows and two columns. In this, the plaintext column vectors, perated by the key matrix are thoroughly interlaced at each stage of the iteration. As a typical example, we have taken the key in the form an 8×8 matrix and the plaintext in the form of an 8×2 matrix. Here the key is of the size 384 binary bits and the plaintext is of size 112 binary bits. The cryptanalysis carried out in this research clearly indicates that the cipher cannot be broken by any cryptanalytic attack.

Modified Hill Cipher with Key Dependent Permutation and Circular Rotation

In this study, we have modified the Hill cipher, by including a permutation and circular rotation into the cipher. Here both the permutation and the rotation depend upon the key. From the cryptanalysis and the avalanche effect, discussed in this study, we notice that the strength of the cipher is significant.

Cryptanalysis of an Extension of the Hill Cipher

B. Thilaka and K. Rajalakshmi [2] propose extensions of Hill Cipher using affine transformation and polynomial transformation to make it more secure. In this article, we show that these extensions of Hill Cipher are prone to cryptanalytic attacks. We have proposed known plaintext attack for cryptanalizing ciphers based on the modified Hill Cipher system. We illustrate the method with the help of examples and show that the suggested modifications in Hill Cipher do not make it significantly stronger.