Modified Silica Nanoparticles Research Articles

A biocatalytic approach for resolution of 3-hydroxy-3-phenylpropanonitrile with the use of immobilized enzymes stabilized with ionic liquids

Due to the growing importance of synthesizing active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) in enantiomerically pure form, new methods of asymmetric synthesis are being sought. Biocatalysis is a promising technique that can lead to enantiomerically pure products. In this study, lipase from Pseudomonas fluorescens, immobilized on modified silica nanoparticles, was used for the kinetic resolution (via transesterification) of a racemic mixture of 3-hydroxy-3-phenylpropanonitrile (3H3P), where the obtaining of a pure (S)-enantiomer of 3H3P is a crucial step in the fluoxetine synthesis pathway. For additional stabilization of the enzyme and enhanced process efficiency, ionic liquids (ILs) were used. It was found that the most suitable IL was [BMIM]Cl; a process efficiency of 97.4 % and an enantiomeric excess (ee%) of 79.5 % were obtained when 1 % (w/v) of that IL in hexane was applied and the process was catalyzed by lipase immobilized on amine-modified silica.

Synthesis of silica nanoparticles incorporating triazolyl macrocycle

Incorporating of silica nanoparticles with crown ethers is of interest regarding the excellent stability of these inorganic polymers against various acidic and basic conditions. The attachments of silica nanoparticles to macrocycles are involved many reactions to attach the active site of crown ether with modified silica nanoparticles. To achieve the goal, the selection of 3,5-dihydroxybenzolic acid as a model for the synthesis of macrocycle base the reaction of esterification of acid residue followed by etherification with propargyl chloride and finally the cyclization reaction with di azide residue to form macrocycle 4. From the other side, the silica nanoparticle both magnetic and mesoporous were prepared in different size and properties according to the literature. The final step involving the attachment of macrocycle to the silica nanoparticles of different type, two methods are used. First method was included the crafting of macrocycle with the ready synthesized nanoparticles under basic medium. Second method is the one-pot synthesis of nanoparticles and adding the macrocycle 4, directly before finish the reaction. All the compounds have been characterized by the instrumental techniques include FT-IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, EXD, XRD, FESEM, TEM and BET.

Effect of alkylated surface modified silica nanoparticles on degradation products of PP during photooxidation aging: A Py-GC-MS analysis

Introducing nano-fillers to PP matrix improves its mechanical performance, but impairs the stability and changes its aging behavior. Surface modification of nano-fillers may have further influence. To investigate the effect of alkylated surface modified silica nanoparticles on PP degradation during photooxidation aging, Py-GC-MS flash evaporation technique was applied to qualitatively analyze the degradation products and quantitatively analyze their accumulation during photooxidation aging. Thermal processing of PP composites led to thermal decomposition and oxidation before aging. During photooxidation aging, both silica nanoparticles and the alkylated surface modification promoted the oxidative degradation of PP. Oxidation products accumulated, while the aging mechanism did not change. Nine typical oxidation products with different carbon numbers were selected and their accumulation during photooxidation aging were analyzed. For C1-C6 total oxidation products, there exhibits an induction period and subsequent linear accumulation during photooxidation aging. The induction period was used to show the effect of nano-silica and its surface modification. It was shortened by introducing nano-silica and further shortened by alkylated surface modification of nano-silica.

Graphene Based Membrane Modified Silica Nanoparticles for Seawater Desalination and Wastewater Treatment: Salt Rejection and Dyes

The clean water crisis in Indonesia is increasing every year, and waste from the textile industry sector can also add to this problem. There are various water treatment processes to deal with the clean water crisis, one of which is the desalination process using graphene oxide. With the addition of hydrophilic nanoparticles, graphene oxide (GO) membranes can increase roughness and have good mechanical strength. SiO2 nanoparticles also have a high specific surface to absorb water or are hydrophilic. This study aims to determine the ability of the GO-SiO2/Psf membrane to reject salt (NaCl solution) and filtering of methylene blue solutions. Membrane prepared by variations of Tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) 0.6; 0.8; 1.0; and 1.2 ml for GO/SiO2 composite synthesis. The results showed that the GO-SiO2/Psf membrane could absorb methylene blue solution. The most optimum absorption value occurred at a TEOS concentration of 0.8 ml and had the most effective salt rejection value for NaCl solution equal to 67.22%.

Development of corrosion-resistant superhydrophobic coating on brass using modified silica nanoparticles

Development of corrosion-resistant superhydrophobic coating on brass using modified silica nanoparticles

Rational fabrication of high-durability superhydrophobic coatings based on the excellent compatibility between nanoparticles and polymers

Superhydrophobic coatings arouse much attention for their extensive potential applications from industry to our daily life. The introduction of nanoparticles into polymer matrix is one of the main methods to construct superhydrophobic coatings. However, the fabrication and practical application of super-antiwetting coatings are frequently hindered, owing to the incompatibility between inorganic nanoparticles and organic polymer matrix. Herein, we develop a durable coating that tackles the compatibility problem of inorganic and organic phases, formulating with hyperbranched polysiloxane modified silica nanoparticles and silicon-based acrylic polymers. The as-prepared coatings exhibit excellent superhydrophobicity with CA beyond 158° and SA below 4°. They are capable of retaining superhydrophobicity after exposing to harsh conditions including immersion in acid-base solutions for 12 days, boiling water for 3 h and high temperature of 150 °C for 24 h, as well as experiencing various mechanical damage such as 100 cycles of sandpaper abrasion, 40 cycles of tape peeling and 200 g sand impact. Furthermore, the coating can be further applied to anti-insect blood adhesion under dynamic conditions, self-cleaning of pollutants in life and substrate surfaces with diverse properties. The preparation technology of superhydrophobic coatings has unique advantages in scalable productivity, less equipment requirements and mild process conditions, and also provides insights into the fabrication of superhydrophobic coatings with good compatibility of inorganic and organic materials.

Mixed matrix composite PEM with super proton conductivity developed from ionic liquid modified silica nanoparticle and polybenzimidazole

Phosphoric acid (PA) leaching, low proton conductivity and weak mechanical strength of the polybenzimidazole (PBI) membrane need to be improved considerably for the development of proton exchange membrane (PEM). We have addressed these issues by preparing a mixed matrix composite (MMC) membrane comprising of oxy-polybenzimidazole (OPBI) and imidazole ionic liquid modified silica (ImILSi). Imidazolium based ionic liquid was synthesized and grafted to the surface of the silica nanoparticles (SiNP) to obtain ImILSi which further blended with OPBI to obtain OPBI@ImILSi. The uniform dispersion nature of the ImILSi in the OPBI matrix and the strong H-bonded interfacial interactions between nanofillers and polymers are found to be primary reason for significant improvement of various physical properties of the MMC. TGA, DMA and stress-strain studies exhibited significant enhancement in the thermal and mechanical properties of the MMC membranes. Most importantly, due to the loading of hydrophilic ImILSi, the MMC membranes resulted higher PA loading (∼3-fold increase) which enabled the formation of facial proton transport nanochannels for their superior proton conduction under anhydrous environment and elevated temperature. For example, the OPBI@ImILSi-3% membrane showed proton conductivity value of 0.219 S cm−1 at 160 °C which is a ∼4-fold increase compared to OPBI membrane.

Superhydrophobic and mechanically robust polysiloxane composite coatings containing modified silica nanoparticles and PS-grafted halloysite nanotubes

Excellent mechanical properties are the prerequisite for the application of superhydrophobic polymer coatings. However, significantly improving the mechanical properties without affecting other properties such as hydrophobicity is a huge challenge. In this study, a superhydrophobic coating with excellent mechanical properties was prepared by spraying a mixture of polysiloxane resins based on three siloxane monomers, hexadecyltrimethoxysilane (HDTMS) modified nano-SiO2 particles (SiO2-HDTMS) and polystyrene-grafted halloysite nanotubes (HNTs-PS). SiO2-HDTMS dispersed homogeneously in polysiloxane coatings and the water contact angle of corresponding coating exceeding 150°, achieving superhydrophobicity. The SiO2-HDTMS/HNTs-PS/polysiloxane composite coatings showed excellent abrasion resistance with the water coating contact angle remaining above 150° after 90 abrasion cycles, indicating that HNTs-PS can significantly improve the mechanical properties of the coating without affecting the hydrophobic properties of the coating. The achieved coating also exhibited excellent antifouling and acid and alkali corrosion resistance. This work provides a convenient and ecologically friendly method to prepare superhydrophobic polysiloxane composite coating with excellent mechanical properties, which is promising in the application of anti-fouling, anti-corrosion, and oil–water separation etc.

Micro/nano structured oleophobic agent improving the wellbore stability of shale gas wells

Through embedding modified nano-silica particles on the surface of polystyrene using the method of Pickering emulsion polymerization, a kind of nano/micro oleophobic agent named OL-1 was developed. The effects of OL-1 on the rock surface properties and its performance in inhibiting the oil phase imbibition into the rock were explored. The performance and mechanisms of OL-1 in improving the wellbore stability of shale gas wells were evaluated and analyzed. OL-1 could absorb on the surface of the shale core to form a membrane with a micro-nano two-stage roughness, making the surface energy of the core decrease to 0.13 mN/m and the contact angle of the white oil on the core surface increase from 16.39° to 153.03°. Compared with the untreated capillary tube, when immersed into 3# white oil, the capillary tube treated by OL-1 had a reversal of capillary pressure from 273.76 Pa to -297.71 Pa, and the oil imbibition height inside the capillary tube decreased from 31 mm above the external liquid level to 33 mm below the external liquid level. The amount of oil invading into the rock core modified by OL-1 decreased by 64.29% compared with the untreated one. The shale core immersed into the oil-based drilling fluids with 1% OL-1 had a porosity reduction rate of only 4.5%. Compared with the core immersed in the drilling fluids without OL-1, the inherent force of the core treated by 1% OL-1 increased by 24.9%, demonstrating that OL-1 could effectively improve the rock mechanical stability by inhibiting oil phase imbibition.

A Facile Approach to the Hydrothermal Synthesis of Silica Nanoparticle/Carbon Nanostructure Luminescent Composites.

Luminescent carbon nanostructures (CNSs) have been intensively researched, but there is still no consensus on a fundamental understanding of their structure and properties that limits their potential applications. In this study, we developed a facile approach to the synthesis of luminescent composite SiO2 nanoparticles/CNSs by the targeted formation of a molecular fluorophore, as the significant luminescent component of CNSs, on the surface of a silica matrix during a one-stage hydrothermal synthesis. Silica nanoparticles were synthesized by reverse microemulsion and used as a matrix for luminescent composites. The as-prepared silica nanoparticles had a functional surface, a spherical shape, and a narrow size distribution of about 29 nm. One-stage hydrothermal treatment of citric acid and modified silica nanoparticles made it possible to directly form the luminescent composite. The optical properties of composites could be easily controlled by changing the hydrothermal reaction time and temperature. Thus, we successfully synthesized luminescent composites with an emission maximum of 450 nm, a quantum yield (QY) of 65 ± 4%, and an average size of ~26 nm. The synthesis of fluorophore doped composite, in contrast to CNSs, makes it possible to control the shape, size, and surface functionality of particles and allows for avoiding difficult and time-consuming fractionation steps.

Improvement of gas hydrate-based CO2 capture from CH4/CO2 mixture using silica and modified silica nanoparticles in the presence of potassium hydroxide

Separation of CO2 gas from CO2/CH4 mixture (74 mol% of CH4 and 26 mol% of CO2) was investigated, experimentally using the gas hydrate formation method in a constant-volume vessel. Silica and (3-aminopropyl) teriethoxysilane (APTES) surface-modified silica nanoparticles in the presence of potassium hydroxide were employed as additives. The impacts of various parameters such as initial pressure, gas–liquid ratio, and nanoparticle concentration were studied on gas consumption, separation factor, and recovery factor of CO2 gas in the separation process. Experiments were performed at 277.15 K and two initial pressures of 3.0 and 4.0 MPa. The presence of silica had a positive effect on gas consumption, separation, and recovery factors. The optimum results are obtained for the nanofluids including silica and potassium hydroxide, which at best case improved the gas consumption, separation factor, and recovery factor by 36 %, 29 % and 38 % compared to the pure water, respectively. The optimum nanoparticle concentration was obtained to be 0.1 wt% Besides, as the gas–liquid ratio increased, the gas consumption value raised. However, the relative amount of gas consumption and the recovery factor decreased. While the gas consumption was a direct function of the initial pressure, the separation and recovery factors were inverse functions of that.

Improving the anti-collapse performance of water-based drilling fluids of Xinjiang Oilfield using hydrophobically modified silica nanoparticles with cationic surfactants

Wellbore instability, especially drilling with water-based drilling fluids (WBDFs) in complex shale formations, is a critical challenge for oil and gas development. The purpose of this paper is to study the feasibility of using hydrophobically modified silica nanoparticle (HMN) to enhance the comprehensive performance of WBDFs in the Xinjiang Oilfield, especially the anti-collapse performance. The effect of HMN on the overall performance of WBDFs in the Xinjiang Oilfield, including inhibition, plugging, lubricity, rheology, and filtration loss, was studied with a series of experiments. The mechanism of HMN action was studied by analyzing the changes of shale surface structure and chemical groups, wettability, and capillary force. The experimental results showed that HMN could improve the performance of WBDFs in the Xinjiang Oilfield to inhibit the hydration swelling and dispersion of shale. The plugging and lubrication performance of the WBDFs in the Xinjiang Oilfield were also enhanced with HMN based on the experimental results. HMN had less impact on the rheological and filtration performance of the WBDFs in the Xinjiang Oilfield. In addition, HMN significantly prevented the decrease of shale strength. The potential mechanism of HMN was as follows. The chemical composition and structure of the shale surface were altered due to the adsorption of HMN driven by electrostatic attraction. Changes of the shale surface resulted in significant wettability transition. The capillary force of the shale was converted from a driving force of water into the interior to a resistance. In summary, hydrophobic nanoparticles presented a favorable application potential for WBDFs.

Synthesis of novel smart pH-sensitive modified silica nanoparticles for controllable oil-water separation

The newly designed superwettable polymers with external stimuli-responsive behavior have been greatly proposed a great research interest in the oil industry due to their fast and simple mechanism process. Herein, the development of the advanced silica-based pH-responsive materials linked with hydrophilic 3-(aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTES) and hydrophobic 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorooctyl-triethoxysilane (FOTS) chelating ligands have been designed for oil/water separation by a facile dip-coating process. This smart material can propose an excellent wettability conversion between superhydrophobicity-superoleophilicity and superhydrophilicity-underwater superoleophobicity, favorable stability, and durability, resulting in efficient separation for oil/water mixture. These properties were observed from the well-defined 3D porous surface of the smart materials when they were coated on the fabric surface. Furthermore, characterization described that the material compositions were chemically reacted and distributed throughout the smart fabric surface caused by the robust chemical interaction between the functional groups such as hydroxide, carboxylate, and silane. The water contact angle (pH≈10) was displayed at 167-160° and for acidic water (pH≈2) was ranging from 143-0° over 100 s denoting outstanding superhydrophobic and superhydrophilic features respectively. Underwater measurement pointed out that the smart fabric also has a great superoleophobicity for oil contact angle (150°). Moreover, the series of test results revealed a selective separation for oil/water system with efficacy > 98% and high oil flux ranging from 7200 to 7900 L.h−1.m−2 as well as water flux (5300–6200 L.h−1.m−2). Therefore, these smart materials with fabric and non-fabric preparation have a direct environmental impact on real samples and they can largely dominate various oily wastewater/oil spills clean up.

Role of modified silica nanoparticles in enhancing the properties of flexible solid electrolytes

With the aim of developing solid electrolytes with high ionic conductivity, PVdF-HFP has been blended with a triblock copolymer (poly(propylene glycol)-block-poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(propylene glycol) bis(2-aminopropyl ether); ED2003), SiO2 nanoparticles (with modified morphology) and electrolyte solution (1 M LiBF4 in EMIMBF4) in different proportions. The addition of ED2003 has resulted in enhancing the porosity of the polymer matrix and eventually the ionic conductivity. Electrolyte films with SiO2 nanoparticles having a modified morphology enhance both the polymer-filler interface and the electrochemical properties as compared to the films with the spherical SiO2 nanoparticles, thus enhancing the ion conduction. Ionic conductivity of ∼0.274 mScm−1(at 30ºC) has been obtained for the electrolyte film with 30 wt.% of electrolyte solution and a minimal amount (1 wt.%) of modified SiO2 nanoparticles. Also, 1H and 13C NMR studies of the electrolyte films have been done to understand the chemical surrounding and the interaction of ionic liquid's cation (EMIM+) with the other constituents of the matrix.

Synthesis of vinyl-based silica nanoparticles by sol–gel method and their influences on network microstructure and dynamic mechanical properties of nitrile rubber nanocomposites

Non-agglomeration and dispersion of silica nanoparticles in polymers and their interfacial interactions to polymer matrix are the most important factors that influence nanocomposites performance. In this work, vinyltriethoxysilane (VTES) as a low VOC emission coupling agent was used for surface modification of silica nanoparticles to prepare better dispersion in nitrile rubber (NBR) and improve its interfacial interactions to silica nanoparticles. The results of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis and Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy demonstrated successful attachment of VTES molecules on the surface of silica nanoparticles. Dispersion of the modified silica nanoparticles in NBR matrix was studied using field emission scanning electron microscopy and rubber process analysis. Results demonstrated that VTES significantly improved dispersion of nanoparticles in rubbery matrix. The bound rubber content showed that VTES effectively built a bridge between the silica nanoparticles and the rubber matrix that led to promising mechanical performances and strong interfacial interactions. Effect of nanoparticle content on the mechanical performances (static/dynamic) of the NBR was evaluated. It was found that higher modulus and reinforcement indices was obtained at 3 and 5 wt% of nanoparticles. Moreover, these composites had extremely low rolling resistance, the best wet skid resistance and the lowest Heat-Build up.

Surface chemistry of spiky silica nanoparticles tailors polyethyleneimine binding and intracellular DNA delivery

Cellular delivery of DNA using silica nanoparticles has attracted great attention. Typically, polyethyleneimine (PEI) is used to form a silica/PEI composite vector. Understanding the interactions at the silica and PEI interface is important for successful DNA delivery and transfection, especially for silica with different surface functionality. Herein, we report that a higher content of hydrogen boning formed between PEI molecules and phosphonate modified silica nanoparticles could slow down the PEI dissolution from the freeze-dried solid composites into aqueous solution than the bare silica counterpart. The pronounced PEI retention ability through phosphonation of silica nanoparticles effectively improves the transfection efficiency due to the high DNA binding affinity extracellularly, effective lysosome escape and high nuclear entry of both PEI and DNA intracellularly. Our study provides a fundamental understanding on designing effective silica-PEI-based nano-vectors for DNA delivery applications.

Highly transparent castor oil‐derived polyurethane/silica nanocomposite coating synthesized by in situ polymerization

AbstractThe automobile paint industry normally consumes petro‐based feedstock as the raw material, which is non‐renewable and emits a higher amount of volatile organic compound, that pollutes the environment. This study focuses on the use of eco‐friendly castor oil (CO) as a substitute for petro‐based feedstocks; while synthesizing polyurethane (PU)‐based automobile clear coats. An acrylate‐PU/nano‐silica (NS) hybrid coating was developed, which was derived from CO‐based polyol. CO was modified by employing a process that includes epoxidation, followed by transesterification, and acrylation to synthesize the required polyols, which is used for acrylate‐PU paint synthesis via the in‐situ polymerization process. Triallyl isocyanurate (TI) modified NS particles were incorporated with the paint matrix by the ultrasonication method to enhance the paint properties. Experimental findings revealed that with the incorporation of NS particles, char residue, Young's modulus, abrasion resistance, and cross‐cut adhesion % increased by 71.31%, 42%, 0.28%, and 5% respectively. Also, glass transition temperature, pencil hardness, nanoindentation depth, water contact angle, and cross‐linking density were increased from −12.16°C, 2H, 3300 nm, 81.71°, and 0.90 mol/m3 to 1.65°C, 3H, 2000 nm, 92.26°, and 1.78 mol/m3 respectively. The UV‐visibility spectra, haze, transmittance, and gloss parameter showed the enhanced optical properties of the paint samples. PU/NS composite coating developed showed equivalent properties as that of the commercial clear coat.

Experimental investigation of zwitterionic surfactant-based silica nanofluid spontaneous imbibition at high salinity and elevated temperature conditions

High-efficiency development of low permeability reservoirs is significant to maintaining a balance between energy supply and social needs. Surfactant-based nanofluids with an excellent interfacial activity that can penetrate the small throats and narrow pores are considered promising EOR agents. However, the applications of nanofluids in harsh reservoir conditions remain to be challenging due to high stability requirements. In this work, a highly stable active nanofluid that could withstand high salinity (API brine) and elevated temperatures was prepared by mixing zwitterionic hydroxypropyl sulfobetaine surfactant with low-molecular-weight ligand modified silica nanoparticles. At a surfactant/nanoparticle concentration ratio of 0.5, the spontaneous imbibition recovery factor of dodecyl hydroxypropyl sulfobetaine-based nanofluid was 2.61 times higher than API brine, 1.29 times higher than API brine-based nanofluid and 0.37 times higher than surfactant alone. Meanwhile, the impacts of surfactant carbon chain length, permeability as well as hydrochloric acid were included. Experimental results indicated that surfactants with longer carbon chain length would destabilize the nanofluids due to increasing hydrophobic interactions, and nanoparticle aggregation/precipitation would impose adverse impacts on spontaneous imbibition because of pore/throat plugging. Though increasing permeability could partially ease the negative plugging effects, the potential risks should never be overlooked. Properly using hydrochloric acid could greatly enhance the stability of nanoparticles by forming an “H+” protection layer and extend their applications to over 80 °C, but the presence of acid also disturbed the adsorption behaviors of surfactants, therefore, different phenomena were noticed when the nanofluid formula changed. A good spontaneous imbibition system should possess both IFT reduction and wettability alteration capabilities, and nanoparticles’ ability to adsorb and disperse polar compounds such as asphaltene should be fully fulfilled. This study provides new guidance for nanofluid formulation to support the effective development of low-permeability oil reservoirs.

Modification of silica nanoparticles with 1-hydroxy-2-acetonaphthone as a novel composite for the efficient removal of Ni(II), Cu(II), Zn(II), and Hg(II) ions from aqueous media

In this paper, a novel composite based on the formation of Schiff base on silica nanoparticles was facilely synthesized. Firstly, silica nanoparticles, which contain silanol groups (Si-OH), were modified with (3-aminopropyl)trimethoxysilane. Then, the modified silica reacted with 1-hydroxy-2-acetonaphthone to form a novel Schiff base/silica composite. The synthesized composite was characterized using several tools such as XRD, FT-IR, FE-SEM, N2 adsorption/desorption analyzer, and CHN analyzer. The considerable reduction at 2θ = 21.9° in the intensity of the XRD peak of the composite is owing to the formation of the Schiff base. Also, the observed FT-IR bands in the composite at 3440 and 1604 cm−1 are owing to the stretching and bending vibrations of OH and/or CN, respectively. The FE-SEM images confirmed that the silica includes irregular shapes whereas the composite possesses a flaky surface owing to the formation of the Schiff base. Elemental analysis of the composite demonstrated that the % C, % H, and % N are 15.26, 3.24, and 1.65 %, respectively. The BET surface area and total pore volume of the composite were reduced because the formed Schiff base blocks the pores of silica. The synthesized composite was employed for the efficient removal of Ni(II), Cu(II), Zn(II), and Hg(II) ions from aqueous media. The maximum uptake capacity of the composite toward Cu(II), Hg(II), Zn(II), and Ni(II) ions is 68.630, 50.942, 45.126, and 40.420 mg/g, respectively. The adsorption processes of the studied metal ions were spontaneous, chemical, and well described using the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Langmuir equilibrium isotherm. The synthesized composite can be successfully regenerated and utilized various times in the removal of studied metal ions from aqueous media.

Co-adsorption behavior of aggregated asphaltenes and silica nanoparticles at oil/water interface and its effect on emulsion stability

In petroleum industry, crude oil emulsions are commonly formed in oilfields. The asphaltenes and fine particles in crude oil may affect the stability of the emulsions by adsorbing at the water/oil interface. In this research, the effect of silica nanoparticles and asphaltenes on emulsion stability is explored first. The asphaltenes are proved to benefit emulsion stability. Unlike the asphaltenes, however, the modified silica nanoparticles may have positive or negative effect on emulsion stability, depending on the asphaltene concentration and aggregation degree in the emulsions. Further, it is confirmed by conducting interfacial experiment that the asphaltenes and particles can adsorb at the interface simultaneously and determine the properties of the interfacial layer. More in-depth experiments concerning contact angle and asphaltene adsorption amount on the particles indicate that the asphaltenes can modify the wettability of the particles. Higher concentration and lower aggregation degree of the asphaltenes can increase their adsorption amount on the surface of particles and then improve the modification effectiveness of the particles. Resultantly, the particles with good modification effectiveness can enhance the emulsion stability while the particles with poor modification effectiveness will weaken the emulsion stability.