Interdependent Modes Research Articles

‘It’s lovely to have that sense of belonging’: older men’s involvement in walking football

ABSTRACT Men’s participation in group leisure is often promoted as a vehicle for social connection in later-life. However, current research rarely extends beyond underbaked statements about this, thereby neglecting how this is accomplished in the everyday leisure practices of older men. Informed by sociological scholarship which attends to the intersections of leisure, community, and belonging, I draw on 43 interviews with older men playing walking football to sketch out how men forge bonds and belonging on and off the pitch. Participation in a group activity allows older men to reassemble their selves alongside other men in ways that help avoid loneliness/isolation. Moreover, they cherish the ‘camaraderie’, ‘banter’, and friendships shared with other men. The cultivation of meaningful relationships also includes enacting modes of care and interdependence, in which dwelling alongside men provides security and reassurance under the shadow of their own embodied vulnerability. By taking claims of social connection seriously, I interpret men’s involvement in walking football not as an individual pursuit occurring alongside others, but as a collective act and social experience. I conclude by reflecting on the value of this approach for understanding men’s leisure practices, and possible future areas of social inquiry in leisure studies.

Later-Life Masculinities: (Re)forming the Gendered Lives of Older Men

Older men are often treated as homogenous, a-gendered, and unmasculine. Drawing on 52 interviews with older men who play walking football in the UK, we explore how their experiences can be understood through a lens of masculinity. Men claimed that walking football offers an outlet for both competition and displaying physical prowess. Their embodied performances were crucial for cultivating a masculine identity which, whilst threatened by the ageing process, sustained their privilege and status. Yet, men also described how modes of care, friendship, and interdependence became central to their experiences. As men aged, the constraints around expressing feelings of intimacy, on account of hegemonic norms recognised in their youth, were loosened. Via the empirical analysis presented, the article contributes to both the study of the lives of older men and the continued absence of older men in masculinity theory.

Counter-Critical Pedagogy: A Manifesto

ABSTRACT This article investigates how critical pedagogy might broaden its purview and cultivate a more symbiotic relationship between formal education and life-long learning through a ‘counter-critical pedagogy’. By reconsidering central tenets of Paulo Freire’s Pedagogy of the Oppressed through the lens of Bernard E. Harcourt’s provocation for a ‘counter-critical theory’, the article proposes how pedagogy could more effectively respond to circumstances – both personal and global – that are ever-changing and urgently require our intervention. In addition to critiquing the writings of Freire and Harcourt, the article draws on Indigenous epistemologies and the field of artistic research to emphasize the importance of complex and interdependent modes of knowing and holistic approaches to creating community. Key concepts in critical theory and critical pedagogy are repositioned in more active and processual terms that promote a dynamic approach to learning, one that is fully contextualized and situated, embraces greater complexity and intersectional approaches and requires a holistic and ongoing process of reflection and critique.

Conflicts and Crises, Dialogues and (Dis-)Connections: Renegotiations of Identities through Irish Narratives of Community

In the first two decades of the 21st century, the condition of glocality was rendered highly visible by the 2008 world financial crisis and the Covid-19 pandemic in Ireland, as elsewhere. Moreover, glocality can impact on such forms of identity as that of nationality, either with an exclusionary impetus or effecting the recognition of shared experiences. This article examines how the community, as a spatiotemporal concept, serves as a means of exploring renegotiations of identity and modes of interdependence in a glocal world. Discussing short fiction by Roddy Doyle and Emma Donoghue, published against the background of changing cultural narratives of Irishness during the Celtic Tiger period, I argue that short story cycles function as multi-layered reflections and interventions that place Irish identities in dialogue with other affiliations, but also with Irish history. Such a critical discussion renders visible the potential in literary fiction for coming to terms with conflicts that are rooted in essentialist understandings of identity and for opening up possibilities for renegotiations in light of local and global interrelations. When Doyle’s and Donoghue’s stories reflect upon and criticise exclusionary tendencies, they further the recognition of shared experiences despite cultural difference within a glocal world. Thereby, they interrupt the perpetuation of simplifying identity discourses based on notions of alterity and exceptionalism, contribute to identity renegotiation, and invite the possibility for building communities during times of continuous crisis.

How Professionals Adapt to Artificial Intelligence: The Role of Intertwined Boundary Work

AbstractThe rise of artificial intelligence (AI) has generated extensive debates about the future of work in the professions. However, few studies take account of the potential for AI's disruptive effects to trigger robust defence by professionals of their interests and resources. By examining the adoption of AI in accounting and law professional service firms (PSFs), we show how professionals respond through intertwined boundary work, this being the process by which professionals respond to disruptions and protect interests and resources by engaging in multiple interdependent modes of boundary work. We also examine the way professionals collaborate with other groups as part of intertwined boundary work, and the implications for some key features of PSF organization. Our study reveals that the responses of professionals to AI are leading to new types of professional work and services. This means that rather than spelling the ‘end of the professions’, AI is leading to reconfigured forms of professional activity, jurisdiction, and PSFs.

Brazilian Civil Society and South–South Cooperation: Countering the Green Revolution from Abroad

Having transformed its hinterland to become a major exporter of agricultural commodities, Brazil has, since the mid-2000s, set up a range of South–South cooperation (SSC) initiatives to export its agri-food policies and technologies to othe countries, mainly in Latin America and sub-Saharan Africa. Both the domestic agricultural policies and SSC have been scrutinised and shaped by interactions with civil society actors, from peasant associations and trade unions to rights-based non-governmental organisations. This article explores modes of interaction and interdependence between different civil society and state actors in the context of SSC relating to food security and agricultural development. It analyses changes and continuities in civil society engagement, and mobilisation and de-mobilisation dynamics. Recently, the government’s de-prioritisation of the South–South agenda has been accompanied by very limited civil society activism. The article discusses why this needs attention and the challenges that need to be considered to reinstate productive state–civil society dynamics.

Polycomb-lamina antagonism partitions heterochromatin at the nuclear periphery

The genome can be divided into two spatially segregated compartments, A and B, which partition active and inactive chromatin states. While constitutive heterochromatin is predominantly located within the B compartment near the nuclear lamina, facultative heterochromatin marked by H3K27me3 spans both compartments. How epigenetic modifications, compartmentalization, and lamina association collectively maintain heterochromatin architecture remains unclear. Here we develop Lamina-Inducible Methylation and Hi-C (LIMe-Hi-C) to jointly measure chromosome conformation, DNA methylation, and lamina positioning. Through LIMe-Hi-C, we identify topologically distinct sub-compartments with high levels of H3K27me3 and differing degrees of lamina association. Inhibition of Polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) reveals that H3K27me3 is essential for sub-compartment segregation. Unexpectedly, PRC2 inhibition promotes lamina association and constitutive heterochromatin spreading into H3K27me3-marked B sub-compartment regions. Consistent with this repositioning, genes originally marked with H3K27me3 in the B compartment, but not the A compartment, remain largely repressed, suggesting that constitutive heterochromatin spreading can compensate for H3K27me3 loss at a transcriptional level. These findings demonstrate that Polycomb sub-compartments and their antagonism with lamina association are fundamental features of genome structure. More broadly, by jointly measuring nuclear position and Hi-C contacts, our study demonstrates how compartmentalization and lamina association represent distinct but interdependent modes of heterochromatin regulation.

Self-construal in relation to gender differences and values orientation

The present study explored the pattern of self-construal in relation to gender differences and values orientation among Indian male and females. The results indicate that female participants were more predominant of independent self-construal as well as interdependent self-construal than male counterparts. This study also compared the self-construal of male and females by using the Twenty Statement Test (TST).Self-statements were analysed in terms of five main categories (social identity, ideological beliefs, interest, ambitions and self-evaluation) and three others categories (private self, collective self and public self). Results indicated differential use of the main categories by male and females. Female participants score significantly higher on main categories of TST for collective self, public self, social identity and ambitions than their male counterparts while males scored significantly higher on private self, ideological beliefs and interests than females. In the context of values orientation, females scored significantly higher on religious value, democratic values than male counterparts while male scored significantly higher on hedonistic values and health values than their female counterparts. The present study was also analysed in terms of grade perspectives. It was found that there is no close polarization either in favour of independent and interdependent modes of self-construal at grade level. Finding also indicates that 12th grade participants scored significantly higher on main categories of TST for collective self, public self, social identities and ambitions than undergraduate participants while undergraduate participants scored significantly higher on private self, ideological beliefs and self-evaluations than 12th grade participants. Some categories of self-construal are positively related with some personal values while some are negatively related.

Livestreaming Election Day: Political Memory and Identity Work at Susan B. Anthony’s Gravesite

Social media platforms record and fuel the construction of memories and social identities through discursive processes of memory work—or reconstructing the past in the present—and identity work—or representing individual and group characteristics. In this article, I interrogated sites of intersection and friction between mediated memory and identity work to uncover their shared political potential. I conducted a visual discourse analysis of Facebook Live videos and Instagram photos captured at the gravesite of famed women’s suffragist Susan B. Anthony during the 2016 US presidential election. In a long-standing Election Day tradition in Rochester, NY, local women visit Anthony’s grave after casting their ballots to pay tribute to her suffrage activism. However, when the nation saw its first woman presidential candidate nominated by a major political party in 2016, the gravesite drew an unprecedented crowd. The resulting media texts both capture and shape memory and identity work as they unfold. Ultimately, I identify a collection of four discursive practices that illustrate distinct modes of interdependence between memory and identity work in the gravesite livestreams and photos: (a) representing commemoration, (b) displaying affect, (c) regulating “respect,” and (d) personalizing political imaginaries. Together, these practices illustrate how memory and identity work can spark collective sentiments, encourage political sense-making, and invite discord or social regulation. They also demonstrate how competing politics of memory and identity coincide and clash to envision participatory futures across digital and physical spaces.

Promotion and suppression of single-molecule conductance by quantum interference in macrocyclic circuits

Promotion and suppression of single-molecule conductance by quantum interference in macrocyclic circuits

9. The Gendered Press: On Victorian Media as an Invitation to Politics

In the course of a long and richly varied career, painstakingly retrieving, mapping, and interpreting the nineteenth-century press and encouraging other scholars to mine its riches, Laurel Brake has sometimes allowed herself an expression of justified indignation. The indignation has two objects – connected, she has argued persuasively, by way of history and through ongoing ‘characteristic forms’ of political exclusion. The first is the undervaluation of work in the history of journalism, marginalized until recently (I suspect she would say, ‘even now’) by the very practitioners and disciplines with most reason to engage and learn from it – journalists, and those who train journalists; but also scholars of History, English, Bibliography, ‘on whose borders journalism loiters’. All three fields have been formed, she points out, and English ‘high’ Literature substantially defined, by their ambivalent relationship with the collaborative, public-facing, interdependent modes of writing for the culture’s dailies, weeklies, monthlies, quarterlies...

Toward Environment Theory: Post-Optimality and the Pragmatics of Affordance Design

This article, devoted to the problems of the environment and intra-environmental processes, investigated various modes of interaction and interdependence of a living creature and the environment in which it lives. For these purposes, the conceptual apparatus of such theorists as G. Bateson, J. von Uexküll, J. Gibson, J. Deleuze and F. Guattari is used. Based on the analysis of a number of design and architectural projects the authors show that the processes of perception and action are not determined by the subject-object disposition. On the contrary, they emerge in the course of manifestation of the territorial assemblage. Such an assemblage consists of the environment and the organism, and is formed by the limitations, affordances and perceptual abilities of all its components. Within this framework the conceptual foundations of the design of the environment are proposed, based on the principle of economy. Applying the concept of "predictive mind" to modeling the information aspect of the relationship of the organism with the environment, the authors identify some characteristics of environment that could enhance and weaken the ability of the mind distributed in the environment to minimize errors predictions. Environment design is thus positioned as a practice of transforming oneself, and in contrast to optimal and friendly environments, the concept of a post-optimal environment is considered; such an environment is conducive to hacking and transformation. Through this notion of provocation to transformation the specificity and the conceptual significance of assistive technologies is revealed, transforming the relationship between people with disabilities and their environment.

Review: Listening to the Other, by Stefan Östersjö

Review: <i>Listening to the Other</i>, by Stefan Östersjö

Maroon Logics as Flight from the Euromodern

Author(s): Lebron Ortiz, Pedro | Abstract: A critical study of marronage is urgent since certain anthropological and historical analyses have painted an image of slavery—and therefore of marronage as well—as something of the past. This text will demonstrate that marronage, rather than being simply flight from the plantation in a literal sense, also refers to flight from oppressive institutions through permanent institutional reconfiguration as well as to an existential state of Being. In this text I sketch out ways in which marronage is made manifest within and outside Euromodernity, which I call maroon logics. Maroon logics consists of two interdependent modes of embodying freedom and struggling for liberation. On the one hand there is sociogenic marronage, elaborated by political theorist Neil Roberts in his book Freedom as Marronage (2015), which refers to permanent institutional change as a manifestation of marronage. On the other hand, there is what I call analectical marronage, which denotes resistance to the coloniality of being.

Lens Biology is a Dimension of Neurobiology.

There is a second cell type in your body that expresses scores of the most intensively studied genes in neuroscience and exclusively shares critical interdependent modes of molecular regulation that include a network first described as responsible for the basic bifurcation of neuronal from non-neuronal gene expression in vertebrates. Neurons and lens cells are among the most ancient animal cell types, yet neurons have an exclusive status also attributed to roles underlying sensation, movement, and cognition. However, this status is challenged by cells in the lens of the eye. The extent and detail of internally consistent parallels with neuron biology now catalogued in their second native cell type in the lens provide a detailed model of interdependent neuron gene expression in lens development and non-neuronal role in vision. These comprehensive parallels identify the lens as a dimension of neurobiology and a fundamental new perspective on neurodevelopment and its disorders. Finally, this understanding identifies that hallmark neuronal gene expression and key modes of associated molecular regulation evolved in tandem in the lens.

Spacey Parents and Spacey Hosts in Foreign Direct Investment

Shocks on FDI of some parent country in a host affect the same parent's FDI in other hosts. Shocks on a parent's FDI in some host affect other parents' FDI in the same host. In general equilibrium, shocks on FDI between any country pair will affect all country pairs' FDI. Using cross‐sectional data on FDI among 22 OECD countries in 2000, we use a spatial estimation framework to allow for all three modes of interdependence simultaneously, thereby distinguishing between market‐size‐related and remainder interdependence. Our results highlight the complexity of multinational enterprises' investment strategies and the interconnectedness of the world investment system.

Identifying Cultural Forms of Independence and Interdependence: Reply to Commentary

Abstract— This reply argues that viewing modes of independence and interdependence as manifestations of “Gemeinschaft” or “Gesellschaft” cultures risks glossing over the diverse ways in which independence and interdependence are understood and structured around the world. It is further explained that rather than predicting specific cultural modes of independence and interdependence, the original article’s analysis is directed toward identifying some of the ways in which independence and interdependence vary during development. Ultimately, cultural and developmental analyses can be directed toward discerning how modes of independence and interdependence develop in relation to varied individual, social, and cultural processes.

A Precautionary Approach to City Building: Interpreting the Relationship Between Urban Form and Mobility

The literature on the impact of urban form design on travel behavior reveals mixed results. Instead of interpreting this finding as an insufficient basis for warranting action, this article suggests that a precautionary approach be introduced. This approach should be based on two interdependent modes of knowing and doing to establish and evolve design exemplars in conjunction with discipline-based analytical exemplars. Even if trends, including the digitization of human life and society, peak oil and climate change turn out to have smaller negative effects than is currently anticipated, we will be ahead with more livable and sustainable urban forms.

Modes of reception for fictional films

Abstract In this paper, involvement in fictional films is defined as a multidimensional construct consisting of qualitatively differing, interdependent modes of reception. Based on theoretical considerations that we developed further through successive questionnaire studies, we construct a four-factor-model with the latent factors Identity Work, In-Emotion, Imagination, and Production. We subsequently develop and validate a measurement instrument, the Modes of Reception Inventory, which assesses dominant modes of reception for fictional films. The psychometric properties and the construct validity of this scale are tested using structural equation modeling. Finally, we discuss possible extensions and applications of modes of reception for audience research.

Global and Domestic Governance: Modes of Interdependence in Regulatory Policymaking

Abstract: This article examines how the regulatory policies of countries are interdependent. In particular, it identifies three modes of interdependence: competitive, coordinative, and informational. In the competitive mode the essential structure of interdependence is for countries to attempt to have distinctive policies that provide some advantage over other countries, but where the equilibrium set of policies is suboptimal for all. In the coordinative mode, there is an advantage for all countries to adopt the same policy, but exactly which policy is adopted may have significant distributional consequences. Lastly, in the informational mode, the choices and experiences of countries produce informational externalities, pointing the way for other countries to policy decisions. This article examines the logic underpinning each of these modes of interdependence, and draws out the governance implications of each mode.