Modern Technology Research Articles

Introduction to Cyber Security

In today’s world driven by technology and network connectivity, it’s important to know what cyber security is and be able to implement it effectively. Without a safeguard to protect it, systems, sensitive files, data, and other critical virtual resources are at risk. Whether it is IT company or not, every company deserves equal protection. With modern technologies being developed in cybersecurity, attackers are not falling behind in the same way. They follow and enhance the best hacking techniques and target the weakness of many businesses out there. Cyber security is important because military, government, finance, medical, corporate organizations, and more like these organizations store and process their data on systems or PCs. Significant amounts of data can have sensitive information, financial information, intellectual property, personal information, and other kind of data for which an unknown access can cause various concerns. Knowledge of cyber security should be must at least for those who works for these kinds of firms to protect their data from cyber attackers

Computer-aided prediction and molecular mechanism investigation of active components in compound Kushen injection inhibiting p21-activated kinase 1

Targeting p21-activated kinase 1 (PAK1) is a novel strategy for pancreatic cancer treatment. Compound Kushen injection contains many anti-pancreatic cancer components, but the specific targets are unknown. In this study, 14α-hydroxymatrine, an active component of Kushen injection, was found to possess high binding free energy with the allosteric site of PAK1 by molecular docking based virtual screening. Molecular dynamics simulations suggested that 14α-hydroxymatrine caused the α1 and α2 helices of the allosteric site of PAK1 to extend outward to form a deep allosteric regulatory pocket. Meanwhile, 14α-hydroxymatrine induced the β-folding region at the adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-binding pocket of PAK1 to close inward, resulting in the ATP-binding pocket in a "semi-closed" state which caused the inactivation of PAK1. After removal of 14α-hydroxymatrine, PAK1 showed a tendency to change from the inactive conformation to the active conformation. We supposed that 14α-hydroxymatrine of compound Kushen injection might be a reversible allosteric inhibitor of PAK1. This study used modern technologies and methods to study the active components of traditional Chinese medicine, which laid a foundation for the development and utilization of natural products and the search for new treatments for pancreatic cancer.

Study of the Possibility of Using Virtual Reality Application in Rehabilitation among Elderly Post-Stroke Patients.

Thanks to medical advances, life expectancy is increasing. With it comes an increased incidence of diseases, of which age is a risk factor. Stroke is among these diseases, and is one of the causes of long-term disability. The opportunity to treat these patients is via rehabilitation. A promising new technology that can enhance rehabilitation is virtual reality (VR). However, this technology is not widely used by elderly patients, and, moreover, the elderly often do not use modern technology at all. It therefore becomes a legitimate question whether elderly people will be able to use virtual reality in rehabilitation. This article presents a rehabilitation application dedicated to patients with upper limb paresis and unilateral spatial neglect (USN). The application was tested on a group of 60 individuals including 30 post-stroke patients with an average age of 72.83 years. The results of the conducted study include a self-assessment by the patients, the physiotherapist's evaluation, as well as the patients' performance of the exercise in VR. The study showed that elderly post-stroke patients are able to use virtual reality applications, but the ability to correctly and fully perform an exercise in VR depends on several factors. One of them is the ability to make logical contact (p = 0.0001 < 0.05). However, the study presented here shows that the ability to use VR applications does not depend on age but on mental and physical condition, which gives hope that virtual reality applications can be used in post-stroke rehabilitation among patients of all ages.

Stabilization of Loose Soils as Part of Sustainable Development of Road Infrastructure

In the context of growing demand for road infrastructure expansion, sustainability is of key importance. Enhancing road construction technology ensures efficient, durable transportation infrastructure, vital for economic growth. Responsible road construction, especially in areas of historical and environmental significance, is essential. Preserving ecosystems and local heritage in road planning protects valuable areas and supports regional sustainability. Rural roads, often in forested areas, should maintain natural aesthetics. Economic challenges require flexible, efficient roads. Many existing unpaved roads, especially in rural and forest environments, fail to meet increasing traffic and load of heavy agricultural and maintenance vehicles. Soil stabilization methods, discussed in various publications, offer sustainable solutions. Research on ecofriendly binding additives provides the opportunity to reduce cement consumption and CO2 emissions. Such innovations enhance road efficiency, reduce maintenance costs, and benefit the environment. Investing in modern road technologies mitigates climate change effects by reducing emissions and protecting ecosystems. Our research indicates that soil stabilization technologies significantly improve road strength and durability. Additives can increase compressive strength by over 50% with minimal cement content. Continued research into road quality and durability is vital for sustainable transport infrastructure development. The results presented in this paper were obtained after two periods of solidification: after 7 and 30 days, with three types of ads (ion-exchangeable, chemical, and polymeric) to cement. In all tests, compaction strength improved by at least 35% in samples with the lowest cement content.

The basis of the concept of vertical dynamic urbanism

The article presents the concept of vertical urbanism, which ensures the constant transformation of the vertical city through the application of the most modern building theories and technologies. The interrelationship of concept and technology forms the basis of dynamic vertical urbanism: robot-based design, open building concepts, modular construction and industrial assembly, on-site automation and building information modeling. A new structure of the vertical city, or dynamic vertical urbanism, is proposed, covering the entire life cycle of a building object and characterized by constant vertical transformation through the use of the latest building technologies.

Key Factors in Boosting the Efficiency of Scientific Research Administration

The key factors to improve the efficiency of scientific research management include: clear goal setting and strategic planning to ensure the orderly and efficient scientific research work; optimizing resource allocation, material and financial resources to avoid resource waste; strengthening the construction of scientific research team, improving the quality of scientific researchers, team cohesion and innovation ability; establishing scientific evaluation and incentive mechanism to stimulate the enthusiasm of scientific researchers and promote the output of scientific research results; promoting information and digital management, and using modern technology to improve management efficiency and quality. By comprehensively applying these pivotal factors, the standard of scientific research management can undergo a marked enhancement. This comprehensive approach not only ensures the efficient allocation of resources but also fosters a collaborative and innovative research environment. The optimization of management systems and processes leads to increased efficiency and productivity, while the emphasis on team collaboration and communication fosters a stronger sense of unity and purpose among researchers.

Rapid Plan Module Applying to Optimize the Planning Process for Treatment of Head and Neck and Rectal Cancer

In situations where the number of patients is large, it may be necessary to quickly create dosimetry plan without compromising the quality of the final plan. With the help of the modern technologies, it is possible to optimize and standardize the dosimetry planning process. The Varian Eclipse planning system has a Rapid Plan module, which is an automated system for creating plans based on the database of clinical plans (1-4). Knowledge-based planning is a promising method that can improve plan quality and speed up treatment planning. In this study the performance of volume modulated radiotherapy planning optimization (VMAT) for head and neck and rectal cancer was examined. Plans were compared based on dose statistics for critical organs and planning target volume using dose-volume histograms. Each model is configured on more than 50 real plans. The plans made using the RapidPlan had dose distributions no worse than the dose distributions of clinical plans. No statistically significant differences were found regarding planning target volume (PTV) coverage. The model was used for already treated patients with different types of localizations. The results indicate that automation of dosimetry planning is possible using the Rapid Plan module, and this may facilitate its use in clinical practice.

Trends and hotspots in acupuncture treatment of rat models of stroke: a bibliometric analysis from 2004 to 2023.

Acupuncture is a widely used clinical treatment method, and studies have confirmed its therapeutic effects on stroke patients. It can also reduce the burden on patients and society. Acupuncture treatment is a complementary and preventive treatment for stroke. However, there has yet to be a visual bibliometric analysis of the field of acupuncture for stroke rat models. This study explores future trends, research hotspots, and frontiers in acupuncture for stroke rat models over the past 20 years through investigation and visualization. We collected literature data on acupuncture treatment of stroke in rats from the Web of Science Core Collection (WOSCC) database from January 1, 2004, to December 31, 2023. Import into CiteSpace (version 6.2.R4) and RStudio for analysis by author, country/region, affiliation, annual publication, keywords, and journal visualization. A total of 379 articles were retrieved, including articles from 16 countries, 258 research institutions, and 123 academic journals. The countries and institutions with the most publications were the People's Republic of China (338) and the Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (43). Tao, Jing had the highest number of co-citations (144). The keywords and co-citation clustering show the main research directions in the field, including "artery occlusion," "neural regeneration," "stimulation," "rapid tolerance," "receptor," "signaling pathway," "apoptosis," "oxidative stress," "inflammatory response," "endogenous neurogenesis," "tolerance of local cerebral ischemic tissues," "proliferation of reactive astrocytes" and "neuroprotective effect." The intervention combines classical acupuncture treatment and modern technology (electricity) with electroacupuncture as a new intervention modality. This study demonstrates the increasing research on acupuncture for treating stroke in rat models. The country/region with the most publications is the People's Republic of China. However, international cooperation still needs to be improved, and future researchers must strengthen international cooperation. In addition, in future studies, researchers should improve the overall quality of research results in this area and enhance research protocols.

Analysis of the Current Situation and Development Trend of Central Plains Cultural Industry Under the Perspective of "Belt and Road"

As the birthplace of Chinese civilization, the Central Plains region boasts a cultural heritage and historical tradition spanning thousands of years, The Chinese culture formed by radiating outward from the Central Plains has become an indispensable part of the current wave of world culture. Therefore, to promote Chinese culture to the world, disseminate Chinese stories, and showcase Chinese characteristics and style, it is necessary to firmly grasp the root of Central Plains culture. Meanwhile, as an important region for the development of mutually beneficial cooperation under the Belt and Road Initiative, the Central Plains region holds significant meaning for building a cultural highland for the entire country and realizing the great vision of a socialist cultural power, This poses a requirement for the exchange and dissemination of the essence of Central Plains culture and the construction of a systematic Central Plains cultural industry. Currently, the development of the Central Plains cultural industry lags behind in four dimensions: content development, cultural dissemination, integration with modern technology, and the scale of the industry, By deeply exploring the difficulties facing the development of the Central Plains cultural industry, we can predict its future development trends and further demonstrate the resilience of Chinese culture amidst the turbulence of global cultural trends.

A Digital Vaccination Pass Using Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources: A Proof of Concept

The traditional manual recording of vaccination records in Germany faced challenges during the COVID-19 pandemic, prompting the introduction of a COVID smartphone app with QR codes. However, this solution brought new challenges, emphasizing the need for a centrally managed European digital vaccination record for efficiency and validity. This study assesses the feasibility of using the HL7 FHIR standard in the healthcare industry for implementing a digital vaccination pass management and monitoring system. The system aims to offer convenience and improved efficiency for both patients and healthcare providers while promoting interoperability with other healthcare systems. To this end, we developed a prototype using modern technologies, such as React, Quarkus, and Keycloak. Results indicate potential benefits for patients and healthcare providers, offering access to immunization records, personalized recommendations, and streamlined management. However, integrating nuanced vaccination processes into the standardized FHIR system requires custom extensions, which might hinder interoperability. Manual data entry and the integration of an identity provider present further obstacles in industry scenarios. Despite these challenges, this study suggests that implementing HL7 FHIR can enhance efficiency, data accessibility, and accuracy in the vaccination process, supporting broader digitization efforts in the German healthcare system and beyond.

Sandwich-Structured Mxene/Waste Polyurethane Foam Composites For Highly Efficient Electromagnetic Interference, Infrared Shielding and Joule Heating.

Electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding and infrared (IR) stealth materials have attracted increasing attention owing to the rapid development of modern communication and military surveillance technologies. However, to realize excellent EMI shielding and IR stealth performance simultaneously remains a great challenge. Herein, a facile strategy is demonstrated to prepare high-efficiency EMI shielding and IR stealth materials of sandwich-structured MXene-based thin foam composites (M-W-M) via filtration and hot-pressing. In this composite, the conductive Ti3C2Tx MXene/cellulose nanofiber (MXene/CNF) film serves as the outer layer, which reflects electromagnetic waves and reduces the IR emissivity. Meanwhile, the middle layer is composed of a porous waste polyurethane foam (WPUF), which not only improves thermal insulation capacity but also extends electromagnetic wave propagation paths. Owing to the unique sandwich structure of "film-foam-film", the M-W-M composite exhibits a high EMI shielding effectiveness of 83.37dB, and in the meantime extremely low emissivity (22.17%) in the wavelength range of 7-14µm and thermal conductivity (0.19W m-1 K-1), giving rise to impressive IR stealth performance at various surrounding temperatures. Remarkably, the M-W-M composite also shows excellent Joule heating properties, capable of maintaining the IR stealth function during Joule heating.

АСПЕКТИ ВИКОРИСТАННЯ ШТУЧНОГО ІНТЕЛЕКТУ В СУЧАСНИХ ІНФОРМАЦІЙНИХ ТЕХНОЛОГІЯХ І УПРАВЛІННІ ВИРОБНИЦТВОМ

The work explores the possibilities of modern information technology in the organization of production using artificial intelligence to achieve high efficiency and increase competitiveness. The application of machine learning algorithms and data analysis allows you to increase productivity, reduce costs and improve production management. Artificial intelligence is used in product quality management by analyzing data on production processes, detecting defects and predicting possible problems. The main problems of introducing artificial intelligence into computer systems are the impossibility of predicting all real situations and programming the machine to respond appropriately to them, insufficient reliability and errors in the software. Legal issue of liability for errors of artificial intelligence.

Students’ Intention toward Artificial Intelligence in the Context of Digital Transformation

The analysis of students’ attitudes and perceptions represents a basis for enhancing different types of activities, including teaching, learning, assessment, etc. Emphasis might be placed on the implementation of modern procedures and technologies, which play an important role in the process of digital transformation. Among them is artificial intelligence—a technology that has already been found to be applicable in various sectors. When it comes to education, several AI-based tools and platforms can be used by students and teachers. Besides offering customized learning experiences, AI may play a significant part in establishing the concept of sustainability, especially when concerning the achievement of sustainable development goal 4. This paper investigates students’ intention to use artificial intelligence in education, taking three predictors from the UTAUT model and AI awareness as the moderator. The analysis included students from the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina, Republic of Serbia. For the purpose of the research, the partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) method was applied. Hereby, two models (without and with a moderator) were tested to examine the main and moderating effects, respectively. Regarding the results, while interaction terms were non-significant, the impacts of performance expectancy, effort expectancy, and social influence on behavioral intention were significant and positive.

МАТЕМАТИЧНЕ МОДЕЛЮВАННЯ ПРОСТОРОВИХ КОЛИВАНЬ РУХОМОГО СКЛАДУ ЗАЛІЗНИЦЬ

The development of railway transport is accompanied by the introduction of innovative equipment and modern information technologies. The creation of railway rolling stock and rail machinery requires an assessment of their strength and dynamic qualities even at the stage of design and experimental production, therefore, the development of specialized software for evaluating the main parameters of the rolling stock structures being created is an urgent scientific and applied problem for railway transport and transport engineering. Theoretical studies of spatial fluctuations of certain types of railway rolling stock were performed and recommendations were obtained for the formation of parameters of the structures of freight cars and special rolling stock. When conducting theoretical research, the author's DYNRAIL-PRO software complex was used, which was verified and the reliability of the calculation results was proven.

INNOVATIVE APPROACHES TO IMPROVING THE QUALITY OF THE EDUCATIONAL PROCESS THROUGH RESEARCH ON MOTIVATIONAL LEVERS FOR CHOOSING A FUTURE PROFESSION AMONG YOUTH

In the course of the work, a study was conducted on the motivational levers of future career choice. The survey technology with the use of modern information technologies was applied. Based on the survey results, statistical and correlation analyses were conducted. The results of the study were analyzed.

TEACHING PIANO USING DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES IN A MODERN UNIVERSITY

This study represents an analysis of the modern educational process in the field of development of piano performance skills in higher educational institutions. The author characterises the foundations of music education, as well as the role of modern information technologies, which have become widespread in this area. The article also provides factors that negatively affect the development of this aspect of music education, among which special attention is paid to the low level of competence and the use of digital devices. The author considers special software that can increase the effectiveness of learning to play the piano. As a result, it was found that due to the widespread use of information technologies, there is a need to integrate them into the educational process, as well as to adjust the piano teaching methods. To achieve this goal, it is necessary to increase the level of competence of the teaching staff, improve teaching methods, as well as the education system as a whole, which should reflect modern global trends.

Thermal and aerodynamic characteristics of air cooled condenserfor steam turbine power unit

THE PURPOSE. Increased water consumption at power plants leads to a deterioration of the environmental situation not only in countries with limited water supply sources, but also in countries with significant reserves of fresh water. There is a need to consider the possibility of using an air condenser as an alternative use in industrial water supply systems at a power plant. To present a methodology for calculating the main characteristics of a condenser (condensation and reflux sections), to estimate the aerodynamic resistance and fan power for an air-cooled condenser as part of a steam turbine power unit. Determine the influence of air temperature and pressure in the condenser on the calculation of the air condenser. To develop recommendations for the selection of parameters of air condensers operating as part of steam turbine power units. METHODS. Methods for designing heat exchangers, modeling and intensifying heat exchange processes were used in the course of calculating an air condenser unit. RESULTS. A method for calculating an air-cooled condenser for a 110 MW condensing turbine has been developed. The analysis of the calculation of the heat transfer coefficient is given. The analysis of the values of the heat exchange area of the condensing unit is presented. The effect of pressure in the condenser on the main calculated characteristics of the condenser is shown. Recommendations for the selection of the fan capacity in the condenser and the design temperature of the cooling air have been developed. CONCLUSION. The issue of using air coolers in the power industry is still poorly covered in the literature, however, environmental problems and the shortage of fresh water are becoming more and more urgent all over the world. The development of air-cooling systems is a very topical issue for modern power engineering. It is shown that for stationary installations of condensation of water vapor, the most suitable is the hipped-roof arrangement of the heat-exchange sections with the lower arrangement of the fans. Quantitative estimates of the change in the heat transfer coefficient and the area of the heat-exchange surface are given for the pressure range of 8…20 kPa. The power consumption of the fan depends significantly on the temperature of the cooling air and the vacuum in the condenser.

The Vitality of Open Source Software

Open Source Software (OSS) is a cornerstone of modern technology, embodying principles of collaboration, transparency, and accessibility. This article explores the rich history, core principles, and significant impact of open source software across various domains. From its inception in the early days of computing to its current role in shaping modern computing paradigms, we delve into the dynamics that make OSS a vibrant ecosystem. Through case studies, discussions on challenges, and prospects for the future, we highlight the enduring vitality of open source software.

Toward better blockchain-enabled energy trading between electric vehicles and smart grids in Internet of Things environments: a survey

With the rise of the 3Ds—decarbonization, decentralization, and digitalization—the number of electric vehicles is projected to increase, necessitating the implementation of modern technologies to avoid unnecessary energy wastage. Numerous studies have been developed proposing electric vehicle (EV) charging frameworks in networks empowered by renewable energy resources. In addition, more focus has recently been directed on incorporating blockchain technology to assure security and transparency in trading systems. However, fewer studies have delved into developing a practical implementation of their solution due to the complexity of the topic. Therefore, this paper thoroughly investigates integrating blockchain technology in electric vehicle charging systems, analyzing the existing practical implementation and their characteristics. It comprises 48 relevant studies between 2017 and 2023, covering the following main research areas: (i) renewable energy-based electric charging systems, (ii) blockchain frameworks used in energy trading, and (iii) performance metrics of simulated and implemented solutions. Results show that blockchain applications in EVs and energy trading systems are highly current, and researchers are actively exploring ways to improve their efficiency and effectiveness.

APPLICATION OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE FOR SOLUTION OF ENGINEERING PROBLEMS. ADVANTAGES AND CHALLENGES

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is becoming an integral part of modern engineering, promising to transform the ways of design, production, and system management. Its application ranges from process automation to optimization of production cycles, enhancing efficiency and reliability. However, despite the advantages, there are challenges such as AI integration into the design phase, safety requirements, and data confidentiality. Especially in the EPC industry, where each project has unique requirements, and high safety standards complicate AI implementation. Additionally, the need for qualified professionals and effective data collection mechanisms create further obstacles. Successful AI implementation requires the integration of company experience, a strategic approach, and support from senior management.