Modern Technical Devices Research Articles

FEATURES OF THE USE OF TECHNICAL MEANS IN THE REMEDIAL WORK WITH PERSONS WITH STUTTERING

The scientific and methodological article considers the problem of using technical means to correct stuttering. The existing approaches to speech therapy work using traditional methods were analyzed as well as the peculiarities of the implementation of acoustic devices. The method of rhythmization as an effective means of overcoming stuttering is considered in detail and the features of its use are determined. Based on the results of the research, it was concluded that modern technical devices allow designing fundamentally new pedagogical technologies. Specialists in special education direct these technologies to the activation and effective functioning of compensatory mechanisms, the formation and development of speech activity of persons with stuttering. The purpose of the study is to analyze the existing approaches to speech therapy work using traditional methods and to outline the role of technical acoustic means in the process of speech correction. The use of technical means in remedial work with persons with speech disorders is a challenge of the times, which reflects progressive changes in the scientific and technical sphere and improves the effectiveness of logocorrective work for various mental and physical disorders. Technical means allow for remedial and developmental work to overcome stuttering, and their implementation requires compliance with certain conditions: compliance of the special software with the computer configuration; use of methodically justified and tested technical means and programs; ensuring the optimal load regime; complex influence in the process of correction of group classes and individual consultations; creation of a comfortable psycho-emotional environment; the use of modern remedial technologies and their differentiated use, taking into account the individual characteristics of a patient. We see the prospect of further research in the development of methods of using information and communication technologies in remedial work with persons with severe speech disorders.

Regulation of the institute of concepts in the active criminal procedure code of Ukraine

The article examines the issues related to the procedural institute of participation of concepts in criminal proceedings, its appearance, development and legislative regulation at different historical stages. It is noted that since its origin, this institution of procedural law has been observed as a guarantee of ensuring the rights and interests of participants of investigative actions against harassment by the investigating authorities. A number of procedural rules which contain information on the participation of concepts in pre-trial proceedings allow us to conclude that the institute of witnesses is present in the current Code of Criminal Procedure.
 The authors analyse the opinions of scientists on the viability of keeping the institute of concepts in the current CPC, due to the modern technical opportunities for objective and complete fixation of the course and results of the investigative action. The authors conclude that the legislator has a reasonable attitude to the use of the traditional institute of concepts and the use of modern technical devices for recording investigative actions. The authors note that keeping the institute of concepts in the current CPC of Ukraine requires further regulation. The classification of a concept as a participant in criminal proceedings requires appropriate modifications to the CPC and an independent article among other participants in criminal proceedings. It is proposed to define this participant in the process in the relevant provision, indicating his procedural status (list of rights and obligations), the range of persons who cannot be involved as witnesses, and the right of participants to the investigative action to challenge the concept.
 Based on the analysis of scientists’ opinions, doubts are expressed about the ability of concepts to create conditions for an objective and, moreover, proper proceeding of the investigative action, to ensure the legality of its performance. In most cases, witnesses are random persons who are not interested in the case. The author analyses the proposals of scientists regarding the competitive recruitment by local self- government authorities of individuals who are trustworthy and passing their lists to law enforcement authorities for the purpose of engaging concepts. The authors justify the proposals for further regulation of the institute of concepts.

Estimating the concentration of total phenols in wastewater using ultrasonic flow injection analysis system

Flow injection analysis is can analyze multiple samples, high accuracy, a very fast response time , modern technical devices that are small. This research intended to study the efficiency of ultrasound waves were determined total phenols in wastewater using Folin-Ciocalteu reagent in basic media .The sample or standard phenol solution were injected into a carrier stream to react with Folin-Ciocalteu reagent then expose it to ultrasound waves (46 kHz) which was detected by spectrophotometer at 765 nm. The calibration curve for this method was in the range of (250-2000 ppm ) .The average correlation coefficient was equal to(0.999) . Results of the experiments showed that the ultrasonic method significantly increase peak height after using ultrasound waves . The method was successfully applied for the determination of the total phenols in wastewater

Novel method for determination of total phenolic compounds in wastewater after ultrasonic treatment by flow injection analysis with smart phone

Ultrasound waves are caused by oscillating molecular motions in a propagation medium. The waves have a very high frequency (20 kHz). Flow injection analysis is can analyze multiple samples, high accuracy, a very fast response time , modern technical devices that are small. This research intended to study the efficiency of ultrasound waves were determined total phenolic compounds in wastewater .Smart phone was used to investigate results and optimum conditions .The sample or standard phenol solution were injected into a carrier stream to react with 4-aminoantipyrine reagent then expose it to ultrasound waves (46 kHz) which was detected by spectrophotometer. A good linear calibration curve in the range of (250-2000 mg L-1 ) was obtained with regression equation ( y=0.0108 x + 0.3453) ,( R= 0.9989 ) . Results of the experiments showed that the ultrasonic method significantly decrease peak height after using ultrasound waves because of low measurement sensitivity due to effected on bonding process between total phenol compounds and the reagent, and the effect on the bonding of the components of the reagent .

Institut za histologiju i embriologiju u najmodernijoj zgradi Medicinskog fakulteta u Beogradu između dva svetska rata

The Institute of Histology and Embryology was founded in 1921, but it was moved into its own building a few years later, in 1927. The project of the building was done by the architect Svetozar Jovanović, and the pedimental sculpture in the gable of the building was done by the academic sculptor Živojin Lukić. The building housed two institutes: the Institute of Physiology and the Institute of Histology. Each of the institutes owned one wing, and they shared the central part of the building, which also contained an amphitheater. The building was equipped with the most modern technical devices and provided excellent conditions for scientific work and teaching. In addition, within the Institute of Histology there were the Photography Department, the Terminology Department, the central catalog of the books and journals of the Faculty of Medicine, and a museum was planned as well The largest part of the building was destroyed in the German bombing on April 6, 1941. After liberation, according to the project of the architect Milan Sekulić, the reconstruction of the central part and the construction of new wings of the building were carried out.

Інформаційні технології в освіті дітей з особливими освітніми потребами.

The given article presents the results of a study analyzing the peculiarities of information technology in the education of children with special needs. The task of increasing the efficiency of the educational process is set nowadays before the modern special school. The article reveals the peculiarities of application of information technology in education of children with special regarding the compensation of physical disabilities with the help of the latest learining techniques. The article analyzes the principles and tasks of application of information technologies in correctional-restorative and correctional-developmental work. In the field of inclusive education, information technology can help children with special educational needs to realize the right for education, discover their potential and self-realisation as individuals in society. The use of information technology in the education of children with special needs contributes to the development and correction of psychophysical processes: memory, motility, thinking, and space orientation. The application of information technology in correctional education allows to optimize the pedagogical process, individualize the learning of children with special educational problems and significantly increase the effectiveness of any activity. The use of computers, multimedia and information technologies as didactic tools help to increase children's motivation and interest in the process of completing tasks. Modern technical devices allow to design fundamentally new pedagogical technologies that promote the activation and effective functioning of compensatory mechanisms to correct various disorders, speech development, and also general development of children. The didactic materials, new subject-based learning environments, and samples of new objects with the orientation on information technology should take into account the psychophysical and cognitive characteristics of children with special educational needs and types of leading activities for each age group. Also, when organizing children's work on the computer, it is necessary to pay attention to compliance with sanitary and hygienic standards.

Methods to restore fine motor skills in stroke patients

The review article considers the problem of nonmedical post-stroke rehabilitation, in particular the restoration of fine motor skills in patients in the early period of the disease. A review and analysis of various randomized controlled trials concerning the use of various rehabilitation methods both in monotherapy and in their combined application is carried out, and modern technical devices, with the use of computer technology and biofeedback, are reviewed. Proceeding from the presented literature data and their analysis, there are certain grounds for introducing modern apparatus complexes and robotized devices for fine motor skills restoration in post-stroke patients, especially in the early period, into the multimodal rehabilitation system. However, further research in this direction is needed to achieve a sustained positive result.

The Role of Optical Coherence Tomography in the Diagnosis of Angle Closed Diseases of the Anterior Chamber. Part 2: Visualization of the Posterior Segment of the Eye

The purpose of this work is to review the literature data on the role of optical coherence tomography in the diagnosis of diseases of the closed angle of the anterior chamber. The analysis of the use of modern technical devices — optical coherence tomography of the posterior segment, models with a frequency-modulated source (Swept Source) is presented. The emergence of new imaging technologies such as SS-OCT contributes to understanding the pathogenesis of primary angle closure diseases in terms of involvement of the choroid in the process. A thicker choroid in the macular area may be an anatomical risk factor for closed angle disease. The expansion of an abnormally thick choroid in combination with the structural features of the anterior segment in eyes with a short axial length, including against the background of psychoemotional stress, can lead to an attack of angle closure. Visualization of the structures of the posterior segment of the eye is an important part of the strategy aimed at solving the problem of identifying risk factors, diagnosing, monitoring and evaluating the effectiveness of treatment of diseases of primary angle closure. Qualitative and quantitative data analysis based on optical coherence tomography significantly increases the diagnostic accuracy, allows to determine its progression and to predict its course. This plays a key role in the choice of treatment tactics for the anterior chamber angle closure. The review considers the effect of local antihypertensive eye drops on the choroid.Conclusion. Optical coherence tomography is a standard in modern diagnostics and evaluation of the effectiveness of treatment of diseases of primary angle closure, allowing a better understanding of the pathogenesis of the disease and its complex nature. Imaging improves the ability to accurately diagnose and choose the right treatment strategy.

The Role of Optical Coherence Tomography in the Diagnosis of Angle Closed Diseases of the Anterior Chamber. Part 1: Visualization of the Anterior Segment of the Eye

The purpose of this work is to review the literature data on the role of optical coherence tomography in the diagnosis of diseases of the closed angle of the anterior chamber. An analysis of the modern technical devices use — optical coherence tomography of the anterior segment (AS-OST) and models with a frequency-modulated source (Swept Source) is presented. The advent of new imaging technologies such as SS-OCT is advancing the understanding of the pathogenesis of primary angle closure diseases. Visualization of the structures of the anterior segment of the eye is an important part of the strategy aimed at solving the problem of identifying risk factors, diagnosing, monitoring and evaluating the effectiveness of treatment of diseases of primary angle closure. Qualitative and quantitative data analysis based on optical coherence tomography significantly increases the diagnostic accuracy, which undoubtedly plays a key role in the choice of treatment tactics for the closed angle of the anterior chamber. The interpretation of research results should take into account the strengths and weaknesses of traditional methods and newly developed technologies.Conclusion. Optical coherence tomography of the eye’s anterior segment is a standard in modern diagnostics and evaluation of the effectiveness of treatment of diseases of primary angle closure, taking into account pathogenetic mechanisms.

Комплексная визуализация переднего сегмента глаза в диагностике, мониторинге и лечении болезни закрытого угла

The aim of this work is to review the literature on the role of anterior segment imaging in the diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment of primary angle closed disease. An analysis of the use of modern technical devices – optical coherence tomography of the anterior segment (ASOST), ultrasonic biomicroscopy, Scheimpflug camera – is presented, the advantages and disadvantages in comparison with gonioscopy are assessed. Visualization of the structures of the anterior segment of the eye is an important part of the strategy aimed at solving the problem of identifying risk factors, diagnosing, monitoring and evaluating the effectiveness of treatment of diseases of primary angle closure. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of data based on optical coherence tomography, ultrasound biomicroscopy, and Scheimflug camera data confirms high comparability with gonioscopy, but each of the methods complements each other. Conclusion. Visualization of the anterior segment of the eye is the standard in modern diagnostics and evaluation of the effectiveness of treatment of primary angle closure disease. Multimodal imaging improves the ability to accurately diagnose and choose the right treatment strategy. Key words: primary angle closure, primary angle-closure glaucoma, optical coherence tomography, ultrasound biomicroscopy, Scheimflug camera, gonioscopy.

Algorithm for Predicting the Glicemic Profil in Diabetes Under Regular Measurements

Background. In recent years, modern technical devices have been created so that to use in the practice of treating diabetes mellitus. These are systems for continuous monitoring of glycemia, which is a significant addition to the widely accepted measurements of glucose levels with a glucometer, various infusion systems, which significantly improve the doctor's decision-making process. However, such technical means are quite expensive and inaccessible to a wide range of users. In addition, their use is associated with both adverse reactions when wearing them and with patient compliance issues. In this case an alternative can be using mathematical modeling tools. Objective. The aim of the paper is to prove the possibility of using mathematical modeling to predict the glycemic profile as a certain degree of alternative to a sensor for continuous monitoring of blood glucose levels under conditions of limited irregular measurements. Methods. To solve the problem it is proposed to employ the technology of mathematical modeling. The structure of the model makes it possible to implement the mathematical formalism by analytical formulae. Results. As a result, the insulin-glucose-tolerance test has been developed that allows quantitatively assessing a patient's personal sensitivity to insulin-bolus therapy. We proposed the mathematical model for solving the problem by analytical formulae. Algorithms for identifying model parameters, an algorithm for calculating the insulin dose that compensates for the carbohydrate component in the intended meal, and an algorithm for predicting the daily glycemic profile have been developed. The software-algorithmic structure for the implementation of the mathematical formalism has been developed. Conclusions. The conducted simulation study employing the technology of mathematical modeling makes it possible to evaluate the functioning of the developed procedures at the preclinical stage. The simplicity of calculations using analytical formulae can be a prerequisite for the implementation of the algorithm in portable autonomous special-purpose devices or in smartdata under the Android OS, which is a definite contribution to development of digital diabetology.

ОБЗОР ОСНОВНЫХ МЕТОДОВ ВИЗУАЛИЗАЦИИ РАЗВИТИЯ ЭМБРИОНА

Embryonic development is one of the most important stages in the formation of the animal organism, so its study never lost its relevance. However, today, the detailed process of embryo development remains behind the «screen» that nature created by itself, which in turn creates certain technical difficulties that can be coped with by various methods of visualization of the embryo that are presented in this article. These are not only relatively simple 2D techniques that permit to see the embryo in the plane, but also novel 3D techniques that permit observation of an embryo in its volumetric structure. Since invasive methods are associated with unfavourable consequences during observation of the embryo, which produce a negative effect on the obtained scientific data and can lead to their misinterpretation, recently, non-invasive methods are more often used that allow to preserve the integrity of the structures of the embryo and reduce the risk of developmental disorders that occur during the observation process. The time-lapse technology was an innovative discovery which permits to visualize real-time events during embryonic development. Time-lapse is a frame-by-frame shooting, which collects the obtained static images into one continuous video. Frame montage is carried out using special equipment. This system has found application in a large number of scientific experiments. High resolution of modern technical devices permits to observe the formation of embryonic structures, to make a real assessment of an embryo growth and development according to the established parameters, and to observe changes induced by different factors.

Measurement information security when using mechanoluminescent sensor elements with distributed sensitivity in aerospace engineering

Electromagnetic compatibility and protection of data transmission lines is currently one of the most important requirements for elements of modern technical devices. Especially should be considered the possibility of electromagnetic compatibility when introducing new sensors into operating technical systems. Fiber optic sensors, operating in generator mode and producing signals of an optical nature, are not susceptible to electromagnetic interference and do not emit interference into the surrounding space. Distributed mechanoluminescent pulse pressure transmitters belong to this type of sensors. One of the most important elements of this type of sensors is the transmission channel of the output optical signal. The analysis of the possibility of using fiber-optic harnesses for the transmission of measuring information is carried out.

Меры укрепления доверия в сфере обеспечения информационной безопасности как основа международного сотрудничества

The features of confidence-building measures in the field of information security are studied. It is noted that international peace and security are of global importance in modern conditions and one of the ways to ensure the stability of international relations is an equal partnership of states on the basis of generally recognized principles and norms of international law. The article analyzes the current issue of international law - the creation of confidence-building measures in the field of information security. Special attention is paid to the analysis of the international legal framework for cooperation in information relations. The work of the Open-ended Working Group on Developments in the Field of Information and Telecommunications in the context of international security was studied, and one of the most important achievements of the Working Group was the Final Report of March 12, 2021. It is established that the capabilities of modern technical devices are constantly expanding and evolving, such technologies can be used by attackers to make society more vulnerable and create large-scale negative consequences for most countries, because no state is protected from possible threats. It is argued that in order to solve such problems, it is necessary to make common efforts on the part of all countries to strengthen mutual cooperation and achieve large-scale results in the field of creating a secure information environment. It is concluded that one of the forms of cooperation between states is confidence-building measures in the field of information security. The classification of measures is proposed and a conclusion is made about the fundamental importance of measures for the successful cooperation of states in order to ensure the international information security of each state.

Effect of COVID‐19 pandemic on treatment of Type 1 diabetes in children

Children tend to get very mild symptoms of COVID19 and rarely get severely ill (1), and COVID19 has no specific influence on diabetes other than any other infection (2). However, Covid19 may delay diagnosis, and lock-down of society can lead to that patients with diabetes do not get ordinary care causing poor metabolic control with increasing risks for complications (3,4) and excess mortality (5).

The importance of modern technical devices in the development of hearing

The importance of modern technical devices in the development of hearing

Use experience of collars with radio beacons of Argos satellite system produced by ES-PAS Ltd. for the study of reindeer Taimyr-Evenk population

The use of reindeer resources in Central Siberia - the main welfare source for the majority of farms and the indigenous population of the North region. Protection and rational use of Taimyr-Evenk reindeer population inhabiting the Krasnoyarsk territory on the area of more than 1.5 million km2 are impossible without the use of modern remote sensing methods. It provides objective and live data information about the spatial and temporal location of animals at different stages of their life cycle. Monitoring carried out with the use of modern technical devices allows to solve not only applied control problems, but also to obtain new unique knowledge about the biology of this species. The basis for this message was the materials on the use of collars equipped with satellite transmitters of the Argos system and worn on deer. A total number of collars was 17, which were worn on reindeer in their wintering grounds, except for one, which a half-grown female was marked during the crossing of the Heta river. From a technical point of view, it was important to trace the total duration of the beacon and the viability of the battery packs in extreme temperature amplitude and also to establish reliability of the device protection from physical and mechanical influence during migrations of animals. The maximum duration of signal receipt with using the new battery packs in 2015-2016 amounted to 438 and 444 days, in 2017-2018 – 539 days. The maximum length of the deer during the satellite direction finding was 9538 km. The average speed was 13.5 km / day; the maximum was up to 45-72 km / day in azimuth. Used collars with radio beacons of Argos satellite system produced by ES-PAS Ltd. (Russia), showed a high degree of functional reliability.

Experience and problems in the teaching of histology, cytology and embryology

Objective: to analyze the experience in the teaching of Histology, Cytology, and Embryology and to detect the ways of efficiency improvement of students’ self-training for taking a state licensing exam «Krok 1».Results. Upon completion of the study of all fundamental disciplines, namely, at the end of the third course, students take the state licensing examination «Krok 1». The article analyzes ways to improve the preparation of students for the licensing examination «Krok 1» and aspects of teaching Histology, Cytology and Embryology using modern technical devices and interactive methods on all steps of the educational process and also the role of interdisciplinary integration in successfully learning the academic discipline of Histology, Cytology and Embryology as one of basic disciplines.Conclusion. A complex, multidimensional and stepwise approach to the teaching of histology, cytology, and embryology with wide use of innovative teaching methods and computer information technologies, the application of the principles of interdisciplinary integration, as well as a step-by-step approach to the study of typical situational tasks will contribute to an increase in the level of student training, to the growth of their motivation and, as a result, the successful passing of the licensing examination «Krok 1».

VERIFICATION OF RELIABILITY TECHNICAL DEVICES THROUGH RESOLVING PROBABILITY OF FAILURE AND FAILURE

This article describes the basic concepts and definitions of reliability theory and its applications to problems of probability theory. Probability theory makes it possible to take into account the random nature of events and processes occurring in the system, to form the mathematical foundations of the theory of reliability. The problems on the probability of failure-free operation of the element are considered.One of the main tasks solved in the course of operation and maintenance of technical devices is to ensure their reliable operation. The importance of this problem is due to the complexity of modern technical devices and high values of operating loads (temperature, pressure, humidity, etc.). Reliability refers to the ability of technical devices to perform specified functions, maintaining their performance within the specified limits for the required period of time or the required operating time in certain operating conditions.Reliability as a qualitative characteristic has always been taken into account when solving various issues of operation and maintenance. Keywords: failure, probability, technical devices, information system, reliability.

APPLICATION OF MODERN TECHNOLOGY INTO THE CLASSROOM TEACHING-LEARNING PROCESS BY THE IN-SERVICE GRADUATE TEACHERS IN SRI LANKA

Sri Lankan school system heavily depends on the government school system with the free education from primary school to university level (only for undergraduate level). By the end of the year 2016, the total number of government teachers in Sri Lanka was 232,555 and they were divided into several categories as graduate teachers (99,724), trained teachers (127,857), untrained teachers (2,426), trainee teachers (1887) and other teachers (661). The Ministry of Education is trying to promote modern technology in Sri Lankan education system in many ways. The objectives of the study were to check the gender wise in-service graduate teachers’ qualifications with regard to modern technology, find out gender wise graduate teachers’ resources related to modern technology, investigate the practical use of modern technology for classroom teaching- learning process and look into the possible challenges which may rise when in-service graduate teachers implement modern technology into classroom teaching. Data was collected by a questionnaire (whole sample 558 graduate teachers) and a semi structure interview schedule (10% of the total sample 56). Data was analyzed by using both methods qualitative (descriptive) and quantitative (percentages). Majority of the graduate teachers had followed at least one computer training programme. Majority of the teachers expressed their willingness to follow a computer course. Majority of the teachers possessed a mobile phone which could access the Internet. In addition to this many of them had own laptop or desktop. Majority of the graduate teachers used the Internet from home. Many teachers had used radio/ cassette recorders as modern technical devices. Many teachers said that they have electricity (87%) and computers (52%) in their schools. Even though, majority of the teachers said that, they were not given the phone (61%) or the Internet facilities (67%) from school. Following recommendations were made for the study; in-service graduate teachers should be given more opportunities and facilities for computer training, graduate teachers should be encouraged to use available modern technical devices for the classroom and they should be given necessary training to use them appropriately, teachers should be given more opportunities to use the Internet in schools. Article visualizations: