Pneumahauch Geist Regel Zustand idee Gebiet Form Klasse Ausdruck Weisheit System Bild/Bilder (im Gehirn, 4x) Spiel Satz Periode inhalt Abschnitt Begriff (2x) Anteilnahme Gegend (im Sternenhimmel) Tag Wiedererkennung Befehl Concrete Spiegel Ding Kranker (Mensch) Kiuze (komische Menschen). Even in case of four concrete nouns, (jener Kranke, jener Spiegel, jenes Ding, jene Kauze) reference is not to objects present in environment, to which speaker might, for example, be pointing. JENER, unlike English THAT, which is almost always said to be its translation, is not a demonstrative or deictic pronoun. 5.4. Dieser-Jener. There are 35 instances (10%) where a noun originally in a jener phrase has undergone deletion. Invariably in these cases noun phrase with stranded jener has been preceded by a similarly stranded dieser. We are dealing in these cases with dieser-jener construction usually translated into English as the one, or the former, latter. 5.5. Adjectives. There are many examples of sentences where noun determined by jener is additionally modified by an adjective: Am Abend jenes ersten Tages Jenes skandal6se Schauspiel Zu jenem grogen Trupp Jene andere Welt Jene verdammte Interesselosigkeit There is of course nothing to prevent modifier in such a noun phrase from being a so-called attribute or extended modifier: 17. Auch die Prizession der Tagundnachtgleichen, jene hauptsichlich durch Mond und Sonne bewirkte Anderung der Erdachsenrichtung im Raume, wird . durch die Planetenanziehung mitbestimmt. 18. In dieser . . . Nation entwickelt sich auch innerhalb der Literatur jenes vor allem gesellige Element, dessen Grundlage . . . wechselseitige Rivalitit ist. It appears from these examples presence or absence of long attributes or of adjectival modifiers of any sort is without significance for syntax or semantics of jener. 5.6. That Over There. We now come to a small but significant number of examples (3: around 21 This content downloaded from 207.46.13.186 on Tue, 19 Jul 2016 05:09:49 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms 22 1% of total) in which jener does mean that over there, interpretation put on it by many textbooks. 19. Aber ohne dies Blatt wiren all meine Lehrjahre, alle die Vorbereitungen fur diesen Flug genau so richtungslos wie jene Rauchsiulen Ober dem Tal in Neu-England eben. 20. Wenn der Motor versagt, lande ich dort in jenem jungen Kiefernschlag. 21. Den Leuten in jenem Dorfchen aus Holzhiusern hinter mir an der Kuste diirfte ein Flugzeug wohl kaum ein alltaglicher Anblick sein. It is striking these three quotations are consecutive in outputall from same work and by same author. The passage from which they are drawn turned out to be Charles Lindbergh's Mein Flug Ober den Ozean, translated from English(!). Under impact of English, translator may have used jener in a way which, while entirely comprehensible in German, represents a noticeable departure from its use in other 350-odd sentences. As a rhetorical device author is treating reader as though he were with him in his aircraft. In these examples, village, column of smoke, grove of trees, and speaker as well as listener are all at same location. The situations in all other hundreds of sentences are quite different, however. Speaker and listener, at least from point of view of speaker, are at one location, but noun determined by jener is presupposed to be elsewhere-and in very many cases not even in real geographical space, but in realm of abstract, known and above-mentioned. Jener tends to be used for abstract objects, particularly those not in immediate environment: jener Begriff, jener Zustand, jener Held der Antike Athanathos von Hyperbola. 5.7. Not Classified Eleven of examples (3%) have not been dealt with for various reasons: some of them were fragments which were impossible to interpret in absence of a large context; several were excluded on grounds they were drawn from poems.