Modern Research Research Articles

Aromatic Serenity: How Lavender Eases Stress and Anxiety - A Literature Review

In today's fast-paced society, rising stress levels necessitate effective management strategies. While pharmacological treatments are common, their side effects have spurred interest in alternative therapies, particularly those rooted in natural remedies. Lavender (Lavandula angustifolia), long esteemed for its calming properties, has emerged as a promising non-pharmacological option. Historical use in herbal medicine for anxiety and stress-related disorders has inspired modern scientific research to explore its potential. This review synthesizes recent studies on lavender essential oil, examining its mechanisms—such as neurotransmitter modulation—and its effectiveness in diverse settings, from reducing stress among healthcare professionals to improving sleep quality. Despite promising results, limitations like small sample sizes and variability in application methods highlight the need for more rigorous research to establish lavender's efficacy and optimize its therapeutic use in stress management and mental health care.

ГЕНЕАЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ КОНСТРУКЦИИ ИМПЕРАТОРА КОНСТАНТИНА ВЕЛИКОГО И ИХ ВОСПРИЯТИЕ ЧЛЕНАМИ ЕГО СЕМЬИ

The House of Constantine the Great is one of the most significant imperial dynasties in the history of the Roman Empire. The history of this dynasty begins with the reign of Emperor Constantius Chlorus (reigned 293–305 AD), but his son Constantine in 310 AD announced that the ancestor of the family was Emperor Claudius Gothicus (reigned 268–270). Most modern researchers consider this genealogical construction a fiction. The study of the reasons that prompted Constantine to choose this "ancestor", as well as the means by which the emperor reinforced this genealogical scheme, comes to the fore. The article deals with the reports of official sources (panegyrics, inscriptions and coins) about the relationship of the house of Constantine with Claudius Gothicus, as well as variants of the genealogical scheme proposed by ancient authors. Their diversity is due to the vagueness of official data: Claudius was presented in them as avus of Constantine, i.e. either his grandfather or ancestor in the general sense of the word. The article also pays attention to the perception of family tree by members of the Constantine’s family (his brothers, sons and nephew Julian). Sources at your disposal allow us to assert that the members of the dynasty agreed with the version of kinship voiced by Constantine, but, like him, did not comment on the very degree of that kinship. In addition, Julian even tried to present himself as a more worthy descendant of Claudius Gothicus than his uncle.

Introduction to Instruments used in Pharmacology with its Application

Pharmacology is a multidisciplinary field that focuses on the study of drug interactions, mechanisms of action, and therapeutic effects. The advancement of pharmacological research and clinical applications is heavily dependent on various specialized instruments that enable precise measurement, analysis, and monitoring of drug properties and their effects on biological systems. Instruments used in pharmacology range from simple laboratory tools, such as spectrophotometers and chromatographs, to more complex systems like high chromatography (HPLC), mass spectrometry (MS), and in vivo imaging devices. These tools are essential for drug discovery, pharmacokinetic studies, dose assessments, and toxicological evaluations. The development and application of these instruments allow researchers to accurately quantify drug concentrations, monitor physiological changes, and identify potential drug targets, thereby facilitating the discovery of safe and effective pharmaceutical agents. This introduction provides an overview of the fundamental instruments commonly used in pharmacology and highlights their critical roles in modern drug development and research..

Obtaining Symmetrical Gradient Structure in Copper Wire by Combined Processing

Traditionally, structural wire is characterized by a homogeneous microstructure, where the average grain size in different parts of the wire is uniform. According to the classical Hall–Petch relationship, a homogeneous polycrystalline metal can be strengthened by decreasing the average grain size since an increase in the volume fraction of grain boundaries will further impede the motion of dislocations. However, a decrease in the grain size inevitably leads to a decrease in the ductility and deformability of the material due to limited dislocation mobility. Putting a gradient microstructure into the wire has promising potential for overcoming the compromise between strength and ductility. This is proposed a new combined technology in this paper in order to obtain a gradient microstructure. This technology consists of deforming the wire in a rotating equal-channel step die and subsequent traditional drawing. Deformation of copper wire with a diameter of 6.5 mm to a diameter of 5.0 mm was carried out in three passes at room temperature. As a result of such processing, a gradient microstructure with a surface nanostructured layer (grain size ~400 nm) with a gradual increase in grain size towards the center of the wire was obtained. As a result, the microhardness in the surface zone was 1150 MPa, 770 Mpa in the neutral zone, and 685 MPa in the central zone of the wire. Such a symmetrical spread of microhardness, observed over the entire cross-section of the rod, is a direct confirmation of the presence of a gradient microstructure in deformed materials. The strength characteristics of the wire were doubled: the tensile strength increased from 335 MPa to 675 MPa, and the yield strength from 230 MPa to 445 MPa. At the same time, the relative elongation decreased from 20% to 16%, and the relative contraction from 28% to 23%. Despite the fact that the ductility of copper is decreased after cyclic deformation, its values remain at a fairly high level. The validity of all results is confirmed by numerous experiments using a complex of traditional and modern research methods, which include optical, scanning, and transmission microscopy; determination of mechanical properties under tension; and measurement of hardness and electrical resistance. These methods allow reliable interpretation of the fine microstructure of the wire and provide information on its strength, plastic, and electrical properties.

Experimental Demonstration of Mode-Coupled and High-Brightness Self-Amplified Spontaneous Emission in an X-Ray Free-Electron Laser

X-ray free-electron lasers (FELs) are modern research tools with applications in multiple scientific fields. Standard x-ray FEL pulses are produced by the self-amplified spontaneous emission (SASE) mechanism. SASE-FEL pulses have high power, short duration, and excellent transverse coherence but exhibit poor temporal coherence with power and spectral profiles consisting of multiple randomly distributed spikes. Here, we present the demonstration of two modes that enhance the temporal coherence of SASE-FEL radiation: mode-coupled and high-brightness SASE. Both schemes are based on delaying the electron beam with magnetic chicanes placed between the undulator modules of the FEL facility. First, we show the generation of frequency combs with tunable peak separation via the mode-coupled SASE scheme. Second, we present a proof-of-principle demonstration of the high-brightness SASE mechanism, producing FEL pulses with a bandwidth reduction up to a factor of 3 with respect to standard SASE pulses. The demonstration was done at Athos, the soft x-ray beamline of SwissFEL, for photon energies between 500 and 600 eV. Our work will benefit current applications and may open up new research areas requiring frequency combs or narrow bandwidths. Published by the American Physical Society 2024

Reconsidering Martin Heidegger on the modern university

AbstractMartin Heidegger's 1933 Freiburg University Rector's Address is normally considered in terms of the horrors of its association with National Socialism. This study re‐frames the debate about the Address by situating it in the context of the tradition of philosophical reflection upon the political and historical significance of the modern research university. I highlight aspects of the Address that signified continuity with distinctively liberal presuppositions embedded in foundational ideas of the Humboldtian university. I conclude with reflections on how Heidegger's Address sheds light on the issues of university governance and academic freedom as the contemporary neoliberal university confronts its own challenges.

Matrikines of Sea Cucumbers: Structure, Biological Activity and Mechanisms of Action

Matrikines (MKs), the products of enzymatic fragmentation of various extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins, regulate cellular activity by interacting with specific receptors. MKs affect cell growth, proliferation, and migration, can induce apoptosis and autophagy, and are also effectively used in biomedicine and functional nutrition. Recently, there has been great interest in the structural features and biological activity of MKs from various sources. This review summarized and analyzed the results of modern research on MKs from sea cucumbers, primarily from trepang (MKT). Particular attention is paid to the analysis of the existing knowledge on the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and adaptogenic activities of these MKs and the possible mechanisms of their protective action.

Stress tests and biomarkers of resilience: Proceedings of the second state of resilience science conference.

The "Stress Tests and Biomarkers of Resilience" conference, hosted by the American Geriatrics Society and the National Institute on Aging, marks the second in a series aimed at advancing the field of resilience science. Held on March 4-5, 2024, in Bethesda, Maryland, this conference built upon the foundational work from the first conference, which focused on defining resilience across various domains-physical, cognitive, and psychosocial. This year's gathering centered around three factors: the biology that underlies resilient outcomes; the social, environmental, genetic, and psychosocial factors that impact that resilience biology; and the biomarker testing and imaging that predicts resilient outcomes for older adults. The presentations and discussions around these topics were underscored by considerations around the many impacts of social determinants of health on resiliency interventions, and by advances in the modern training and research methodologies that influence data collection and experiment design.

A Novel Nonlinear Adaptive Control Method for Longitudinal Speed Control for Four-Independent-Wheel Autonomous Vehicles

As autonomous driving technology and four-independent-wheel chassis systems advance, four-independent-wheel autonomous vehicles have increasingly become a focal area of modern research. The longitudinal control problem for four-independent-wheel autonomous vehicles presents challenges such as complex models, high nonlinearity, and strong system uncertainties. This paper proposes a novel hierarchical control algorithm to address these challenges, innovatively combining the advantages of adaptive backstepping and dynamic sliding mode control algorithms in the upper controller, allowing it to effectively overcome the impact of uncertain system parameters and suppress the common chattering phenomenon in the output of typical sliding mode control methods. Based on the design of the upper controller, an innovative optimized longitudinal force distribution strategy and the construction of a tire reverse longitudinal slip model are proposed, followed by the design of a fuzzy PID controller as the lower slip ratio controller to achieve precise whole-vehicle longitudinal speed tracking and improve overall control performance. This method not only improves the accuracy of speed tracking but also enhances the robustness and adaptability of the control system. Finally, the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed hierarchical control method are verified through CarSim simulations.

TRANCE STEREOTYPIES IN HUMAN AND PRIMATE PANTOMIMICRY

The authors reviewed and analysed Russian and foreign experimental studies on pantomimic stereotypes. Initially, stereotypical behaviuor was negatively evaluated. Modern research considers adaptive functions and possibilities of self-stimulation as a way to harmonise emotional and mental state. A comparative analysis of circular, pendulum and diagonal movements in children and Old World monkeys was conducted using an ethological approach to the study of behavioural patterns. Human observations were conducted in the psychoneurological department of Silischeva Astrakhan Regional Children’s Clinical Hospital, 40 preschool children with mental dysontogenesis participated. Five laboratory macaques and a family of hamadryas baboons kept in an aviary with homologous kinesics were observed in Sukhumi nursery. According to the authors’ team, walking (running) in a circle and diagonally, swinging the body “right-to-leftˮ in the pantomimic production of children and monkeys are associated with self-stimulation of an altered state of consciousness. Trance stereotypes divert attention from external stressors and stimuli and harmonise mental homeostasis. The study may be of interest to anthropologists, primatologists, specialists in the study of the psyche and pathological behaviour of animals and Homo sapiens.

Research on autonomous obstacle avoidance and automatic obstacle avoidance of minimally invasive surgical robots

Abstract. With the development of modern society, people pay more and more attention to health and safety, especially to the development of medical techniques. The demand for higher medical standards has led to minimally invasive surgery becoming a better choice for patients. Minimally invasive surgeries involve less trauma, lower blood loss, quicker recovery, and a lower risk of infection. However, compared to traditional surgeries, these surgeries demand higher precision and skill from the surgeons, making surgical robots the preferred tool for most minimally invasive operations. Surgical robots can eliminate the surgeon's hand tremors during the operation, enhance the precision of surgical operations, and offer greater flexibility with their small end size inside human organs. Despite these advantages, minimally invasive surgical robots can not avoid obstacles and plan the path of human organs and cavities in real-time. This paper reviews the dynamic path planning and real-time obstacle avoidance of modern minimally invasive surgical robots, including their development progress and research directions. It also introduces in detail the mainstream research methods of path planning and real-time obstacle avoidance in modern research. Finally, the current technical challenges and the prediction of the future research direction are pointed out and the reference suggestions are provided.

Determination and analysis of gene expression involved in glucose metabolism under the conditions of the development of experimental diabetes of dexamethasone type (type 2 diabetes)

Type 2 diabetes is one of the most common and serious chronic diseases today, which has become a global health care problem. Type 2 diabetes accounts for about 90–95 % of all cases of diabetes and significantly affects patients’ quality life due to the development of numerous complications, such as cardiovascular diseases, chronic renal failure, retinopathy, neuropathy. Modern research in the field of diabetology pays considerable attention to the understanding of the genetic mechanisms of the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes, which makes it possible to develop new approaches to its diagnosis and treatment. Individualization of laboratory diagnostics and treatment, which considers the genetic, metabolic and clinical characteristics of each patient, is a key direction in improving the effectiveness of the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Type 2 diabetes is a complex polygenic disease, that develops under the influence of both genetic and external factors, which requires an integrated approach to its diagnosis, treatment and prevention. Taking into account the constant increase in the prevalence of this disease, the relevance of scientific research in this area is beyond doubt. The development of new pharmacological agents, improvement of laboratory diagnostic strategies and individualization of treatment are key directions for overcoming the problem of type 2 diabetes and improving the quality of life of patients. The aim of the work: identification and analysis of genes panel, involved in glucose metabolism under the conditions of the development of experimental type 2 diabetes. Materials and methods. Analysis of the gene expression, involved in glucose metabolism was performed using the real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction method CFX-96 Touch™ (Bio-Rad, USA) using the RT2Profiler™ PCR Array Rat Diabetes kit (QIAGEN, Germany). Results. Based on the results of the PCR study, the activity of the studied genes involved in glucose metabolism can be divided as follows: G6pc, Gpd1 – genes with high expression compared to the control group of animals; Ace, Acly, Foxg1, Foxp3, Gcgr, Gck, Gsk3b, Hmox1, Pygl, Snap23, Snap25 – genes with low expression compared to the control group of animals; Cebpa, Dpp4, Sell – genes in which no changes were detected in the samples in relation to the control group of animals; Ccr2, Fbp1, Gcg – genes, whose expression was not detected. Conclusions. The development of dexamethasone type 2 diabetes significantly (where ∆∆Ct <30) increases the expression of Gpd1 genes by 8 times and G6pc by 2 times compared to the control group of animals. During the development of type 2 dexamethasone diabetes, significantly (where ∆∆Ct <30) the Gsk3b and Hmox1 genes had a 17-fold low expression; Pygl at 11; Foxg1 in 7; Gck in 6; Ace and Foxp3 in 4; Acly in 3; Gcgr, Snap23, Snap25 in 2 times compared to the control group of animals. The expression of Ccr2, Fbp1, Gcg genes during the development of type 2 dexamethasone diabetes was not detected.

Seeking the first phylogenetic method–Edvard A. Vainio (1853–1929) and his troubled endeavour towards a natural lichen classification in the late nineteenth century Finland

Edvard August Vainio was a world-renowned Finnish lichenologist. In Finland, however, he was a controversial person due to his strong pro-Finnish political views. Equally disputed was his opinion that systematics should be based on evolutionary theory and phylogenetic thinking. Vainio was familiar with the ideas of the early German phylogeneticists—especially those of Carl Wilhelm von Nägeli – and, applying them, aimed to create an exact method for building a natural classification of lichens already at the end of the nineteenth century. In this respect, Vainio was a true pioneer, as no actual phylogenetic method had yet been developed. In the general spirit of the time, Vainio focused on finding the ancestors of species and other taxa by comparing primitive and derived features of homologous characters. However, Vainio already understood the concept of sister groups in 1880, the identification of which is the basis of all modern phylogenetic research. Nevertheless, the distinctive method developed by Vainio was not so much focused on the construction of a phylogenetic tree, but on revealing the origin of species through the differentiation and fixation of their polymorphic variation. Indeed, Vainio’s species concept is surprisingly similar to the phylogenetic species concepts presented a hundred years later. Although in many ways progressive, Vainio’s views did not influence the development of phylogenetics more widely, but his discussions are nevertheless a valuable source to understanding the early development of phylogenetic theory.

Conservation Agriculture and Crop Residue Management

India being a populous country the intensification of the cropping system is mandatory. However, this intensification of the cropping system results in the degradation of soil and other natural resources. Considering this situation, conservation agriculture is the most suitable alternative to achieving sustainable yield and productivity. Conservation agriculture is based on three major principles those are minimum disturbance of soil, crop rotation, and maintenance of crop residue. Crop residue management plays a major role in conservation agriculture as it helps in improving soil productivity, soil organic matter content, soil structure, soil water conservation, air quality, and reduction in soil erosion. India produces 273 Mt of crop residues annually which contain a total of 7.16 Mt of nutrients (N-1.28, P2O5-1.97, K2O-3.91). In modern agriculture, green manure crops like Sesbania and sunhemp increase the quantity and quality of the crop residues in the crop field. Among various residue management practices mulching has been practiced prominently in dry lands as it increases the resource use efficiency. The residue decomposition is affected by various factors like quality of crop residue, edaphic, management, and climatic factors. In modern scientific research crop residues are being used especially for site-specific nutrient management. It is observed in most studies that zero tillage or reduced tillage with crop residue gives comparatively higher net returns, water use efficiency, and resource use efficiency than conventional agriculture. In Indian context. The management of rice residue particularly in the Indo-Gangetic Plains of India is challenging, where the rice-wheat cropping system is intensively followed and the farmers are more anxious about timely seeding of wheat in combine harvested paddy fields (Sidhu et al., 2007; Singh et al., 2020).

Актуализация использования концепции Снузилен-мультисенсорная среда в педагогике начальной школы

The article provides an overview of the concept of a multisensory environment and analyzes its possibilities for sensory-integrative education of first-graders at the stage of adaptation and younger schoolchildren from displaced families . The theoretical and methodological grounds for conducting an experiment in schools in Moscow and the Moscow region are considered in connection with the increasing number of first-graders who have problems at the stage of adaptation, and younger schoolchildren from displaced families who have problems integrating into a new socio-cultural environment for them. An overview of modern foreign and domestic research on the mental and physical development of children and factors contributing to learning difficulties is presented. The differences and unifying points are analyzed from the perspective of modern research in the field of sensory-integrative approach to understanding the lack of competence of teachers in working with younger displaced schoolchildren and first-graders at the stage of adaptation. One of the aspects of the psychological well-being of students in the educational process is the early identification and overcoming of learning difficulties in primary school. In conclusion, the authors consider the main problems and possibilities of organizing psychological and pedagogical support for the learning process in primary school based on an integrative approach (the concept of a multi-sensory environment), including through the training of specialists in this field to work with younger schoolchildren.

The role of ACSL4 in stroke: mechanisms and potential therapeutic target.

Stroke, as a neurological disorder with a poor overall prognosis, has long plagued the patients. Current stroke therapy lacks effective treatments. Ferroptosis has emerged as a prominent subject of discourse across various maladies in recent years. As an emerging therapeutic target, notwithstanding its initial identification in tumor cells associated with brain diseases, it has lately been recognized as a pivotal factor in the pathological progression of stroke. Acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 4 (ACSL4) is a potential target and biomarker of catalytic unsaturated fatty acids mediating ferroptosis in stroke. Specifically, the upregulation of ACSL4 leads to heightened accumulation of lipid peroxidation products and reactive oxygen species (ROS), thereby exacerbating the progression of ferroptosis in neuronal cells. ACSL4 is present in various tissues and involved in multiple pathways of ferroptosis. At present, the pharmacological mechanisms of targeting ACSL4 to inhibit ferroptosis have been found in many drugs, but the molecular mechanisms of targeting ACSL4 are still in the exploratory stage. This paper introduces the physiopathological mechanism of ACSL4 and the current status of the research involved in ferroptosis crosstalk and epigenetics, and summarizes the application status of ACSL4 in modern pharmacology research, and discusses the potential application value of ACSL4 in the field of stroke.

GUIDELINES FOR THE COMPETENCY DEVELOPMENT OF TRAINERS IN THE PLASTICS MOLDING INJECTION FACTORIES IN THAILAND

Objective: The aim of this research is to develop guidelines for the competency development of trainers in plastics molding injection factories (PMIF) in Thailand. Theoretical Framework: A mixed-methods framework is adopted, integrating quantitative data through statistical analyses like means, standard deviations, and regression, alongside qualitative insights from interviews. The framework explores relationships by combining numerical trends with thematic patterns for a comprehensive understanding. Method: The study population comprises 284 operators and 14 trainers. Data is collected through quantitative and qualitative approaches, including questionnaires and interviews, with statistical analysis applied using percentages, means, standard deviations, relationship analysis, and stepwise multiple linear regression. Results and Discussion: Guidelines for trainer competency development in PMIF in Thailand focus on three key areas—knowledge, skills, and attitude. Four sub-competencies in the knowledge domain influence training success: knowledge in 1) Teaching Psychology, 2) Trainers' Attitudes, 3) Behavior and Work Analysis, 4) Training and Counseling. In the skills domain, significant sub-competencies include: 1) Teaching Skills, 2) Listening Skills, 3) Computer Proficiency, 4) Behavior and Work Analysis Skills. The significant sub-competencies of the attitude domain include: attitudes toward 1) Modern Research, 2) Trainees' Intentions, 3) Teaching Psychology, 4) Trainers' Attitudes. Research Implications: Guidelines to enhance trainer competency in Thailand's plastics molding injection industry are provided. Findings influence training programs, workforce development, and industry productivity. Originality/Value: Key sub-competencies that predict training success are identified in the areas of knowledge, skills, and attitude. Structured approaches to enhance training success are provided, impacting professional practice and training outcomes in industrial settings.

Spinacia Oleracea: Exploring the Therapeutic Potential in Persian Medicine and Modern Pharmacology.

Spinach is a widely cultivated dark leafy vegetable highly regarded for its medicinal properties in traditional Persian medicine. It is rich in vitamins, minerals, flavonoids, carotenoids, and other bioactive compounds, and this review aims to explore the historical applications of spinach in Persian medicine and juxtapose them with current scientific evidence. Despite its historical significance, there remains a need to comprehensively evaluate and integrate traditional knowledge with modern research on the therapeutic benefits of spinach. To achieve this, a comprehensive search was conducted in Persian medicine references and scientific databases to gather information on the traditional uses, chemical composition, and pharmacological effects of spinach. Studies that met the inclusion criteria were meticulously categorized, and relevant data were analyzed to draw insightful comparisons. Persian medicine describes spinach as a nutrient-rich, laxative, and fast-digesting agent with therapeutic effects on inflammation, lung diseases, back pain, sore throats, jaundice, urinary disorders, joint pain, eye inflammation, insomnia, dementia, and more. Modern studies have substantially corroborated these traditional uses, revealing that spinach possesses antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, blood sugar-lowering, lipid-lowering, anti-obesity, neurological, ocular, and musculoskeletal effects. Spinach exhibits a wide range of beneficial effects on various health conditions. Its widespread availability, low cost, and exceptional nutritional richness position it as a promising candidate for further investigation. Future studies should explore the clinical effectiveness of spinach in various diseases, while taking into consideration the principles emphasized in Persian medicine to guide research and inform therapeutic strategies.

Political PR in International Digital Communications: The Experience of the Eurasian Media Space

Digital media has become an integral part of the political life of citizens, as an increasing number of people around the world use digital media technologies for communication. Digital media contribute to the formation of socio-political factors that raise concerns about the spread of disinformation, information disagreements and political polarization.Aim. To analyze the tools, problems and opportunities of political PR in the context of digitalization of the media space in foreign countries and the EAEU countries.Tasks. To give significant ideas about the concepts of “political public relations” and “political communication”; to identify factors influencing political communication processes; to present international experience in the application of political PR in the context of digitalization of media; to formulate the possibilities for the development of Eurasian integration in the context of digitalization of the media space.Methods. The methodological basis of the scientific research was such modern general scientific research methods as: comparative analysis, statistical and structural-logical methods, content analysis of open sources of information.Results. The paper defines the role and importance of digital media in political PR activities, identifies traditional and modern factors of influence on political activity, as well as problems in the new digital reality. To build political communications with the audience, its impact and increase engagement, political organizations use new media technologies using multimodality. In practice, the digital inequality of the world population deprives a number of people of digital communication, and as a result, the necessary conditions for participation in the political and economic life of the country. The digital divide of the EAEU countries reduces the political communicative impact on citizens’ beliefs in the need to strengthen integration processes. It seems appropriate to introduce consistency in the formation of the Eurasian integration agenda and a single digital information field to increase the political culture of civic engagement in all EAEU member states.Conclusions. With the help of variation of resources, the necessary content is formed to create the necessary audience effect. Indeed, digital media has a number of advantages that have been proven in practice, however, political PR is influenced by the negative side of the development of digital communications — the spread of fake news, most of which cannot be traced to the source. Therefore, the transformation of digital opportunities, the distribution of political resources, the dissemination of political discourse and the structure of political opportunities in the digital age is the most relevant in the modern world. Using the example of the EAEU countries, it is proved that digitalization in the international media space causes the involvement of citizens of different countries in integration, generalization and formation of public support for the state.

Peculiarities of developing the cognitive-prognostic component of future teachers’ soft skills

Introduction. In the modern vocational education system, there is a significant shortage of highly qualified and competent teachers who are able to teach students effectively and prepare them for real professional challenges. Convergence in education and industries places new demands on vocational teacher education, who must have developed soft skills necessary for professional development. A new methodology and procedures for their formation at university is needed, which is an important research problem in the field of quality training of mid-level specialists for the modern labor market and ensuring the competitiveness of graduates. The purpose of the study is to identify the characteristic features of developing cognitive-prognostic component of future teachers’ soft skills. Materials and Methods. The study follows the creative-prognostic and personal-narrative approaches. Through theoretical methods, the essence, structure, and content of soft skills for vocational teachers were identified and described: the method of conceptual, terminological and comparative analysis, content analysis, discursive reflection, system analysis, and modeling. In order to test the effectiveness of cognitive-prognostic component of soft skills development, a number of empirical methods were used, in particular: observation, questioning, testing, expert assessment and statistical methods for processing the data. Results. The article discusses theoretical and technological aspects of soft skills development that ensure training of competitive mid-level professional for the labor market. In order to build the structure of future vocational teachers’ professionalism, the authors identified its functional components. Attention is focused on the new methodology and procedure of their formation at university, providing a predictive vision and a creative approach, i.e. combining the ideas of creativity and flexible forecasting in the uncertain world. The research significance is presented by the data obtained during analytical work, which made it possible to identify a number of essential structural components of future teachers’ professionalism. The analysis of modern research trends highlights the cognitive-prognostic component of soft skills as a significant one for further training of competitive mid-level professionals for the labor market, corresponding to current challenges, the development of technologies using digital resources and artificial intelligence. Conclusions. It has been found that the formation of future vocational teachers’ soft skills based on the use of innovative forms, methods and means of forecasting and creative management will improve the efficiency of the educational process at university and ensure further professional development. In order to ensure efficient preparation of future vocational teachers, it is necessary to develop teaching procedures for implementing the cognitive-prognostic component of soft skills, including lean thinking and project and process management. In conclusion, the authors emphasize the significant role of the cognitive-prognostic component of preparing competitive vocational teachers able to cope with modern challenges in the labor market.