Modern Protest Research Articles

The death of ‘traditional’ charivari and the invention of pot-banging in Spain, c .1960–2020

Abstract Banging together pots and pans has become established as a common protest technique in Spain and across the world. Pot-banging can be linked to charivari: a centuries-old, Europe-wide, nuptial practice that subjected a marrying couple to mocking moral critique, which was also adapted for political ends. This article, however, distinguishes between nuptial charivari (the cencerrada) and recent political pot-banging (the cacerolada). The former suffered a process decline and disappearance while the latter, separately, was imported into Spain from Latin America in the late 1980s. The lack of connection between the two is reflected in different terms, but can be further established through close attention to their respective staging, gendered nature, meaning and sound. The case of Spanish pot-banging sheds light on the fate of ‘traditions’ during the Transition from the Francoist dictatorship to democracy, particularly in terms of changing notions of individual rights, civility and gender relations, and has implications for how historians approach the history of collective action. Historians should pay greater attention to how techniques are transmitted and learned within and across borders. The history of modern protest is perhaps more disjointed than modernizing approaches suggest.

Early Modern Protests against the Tyrant: The Radicalization of the Political Discourse in the Early Sixteenth Century: Ulrich Von Hutten

Early Modern Protests against the Tyrant: The Radicalization of the Political Discourse in the Early Sixteenth Century: Ulrich Von Hutten

Lights, Camera, Activism: Unpacking the Role of Cinematic Narratives in Shaping Modern Protest Movements and Social Change

This research delves into the profound interplay between cinematic narratives and the emergence, evolution, and impact of social dissent and protest movements in contemporary society. Film, as a powerful medium for storytelling and cultural reflection, has consistently played a significant role in both reflecting and shaping societal perspectives. This study explores the multifaceted ways in which movies have influenced the dynamics of activism, dissent, and social change, thus providing critical insights into the realm of contemporary civil society and its efforts to address pressing social issues. The research employs a multidisciplinary approach, drawing from film studies, sociology, and political science, to comprehensively analyse the connections between cinematic narratives and real-world protest movements [1]. It scrutinizes instances where films have served as catalysts for collective action, whether by galvanizing public awareness, articulating marginalized voices, or provoking discussions on critical societal issues. Furthermore, this study investigates the reciprocal relationship between cinema and social dissent, exploring how real-world events, ideologies, and grassroots movements have inspired filmmakers and shaped the content of movies. It also examines the transformative power of film festivals, online platforms, and documentary filmmaking in amplifying dissenting voices and fostering global solidarity.

Fridays for Future and Mondays for Memes: How Climate Crisis Memes Mobilize Social Media Users

Modern protest movements rely on digital activism on social media, which serves as a conduit for mobilization. In the social media landscape, internet memes have emerged as a popular practice of expressing political protest. Although it is known that social media facilitates mobilization, researchers have neglected how distinct types of content affect mobilization. Moreover, research regarding users’ perspectives on mobilization through memes is lacking. To close these research gaps, this study investigates memes in the context of climate protest mobilization. Based on the four-step model of mobilization, a survey of users who create and share memes related to the Fridays for Future movement on social media (<em>N</em> = 325) revealed that the prosumption of climate crisis memes increases users’ issue involvement and strengthens their online networks. These factors serve as crucial mediators in the relationship between users’ prosumption of climate crisis memes and political participation. The results suggest that mobilization through memes is effective at raising awareness of political issues and strengthening online discussion networks, which means that it has strategic potential for protest movements. By looking at memes from the perspective of their creators and examining a specific type of social media content, this study contributes to the literature on digital mobilization.

THE INFLUENCE OF ISLAM ON THE FORMATION AND IMPLEMENTATION OF JUDICIAL POWER IN ISLAMIC STATES

In Islamic states, massive violation of human rights, sadly, is a well-known topic for the contemporary world. Much research and work has been published in this direction, which underlines the ac- tual situation in Islamic states concerning specific rights. The nov- elty of the particular work is not in discussing concrete right/rights, but in analyzing Islam's influence on the formation of the judiciary system and then on implementing the judiciary governance. The judiciary system is a fundament, through which the study of the problems of Islamic countries should begin. The article discusses eleven Islamic states and their judiciary systems. While working on the research, the constitutions of all of them were found, particu- larly the records on the judiciary. The similarities-differences in the countries under examination are separated by the method of com- parative analysis. The research aims to show the distinguishing features in a narrow group, particularly in Islamic countries. These distinctive features directly impact the quality of human rights pro- tection in specific countries. The research has shown that the reli- gious affiliation of the population is not the only reason for the influ- ence of Islam on the judicial system. An example is Turkey, in case of which, even though 98% of its population is a follower of Islam, in terms of human rights protection, does not share the conditions of other Islamic countries. The importance of the topic discussed in the article is pressing, as evidenced by the modern protest in the world, which began with the tragic death of a 22-year-old Iranian girl, Mahsa Amin, behind which the judicial system discussed in the article stands. To sum up, the article offers interesting findings on the problematic aspects of the Far and not so Far East.

근대 초기 기독 선교사의 한국어 및 한글에 대한 인식과, 그 영향

이 글에서는 근대 이행기 초기 기독 선교사들의 한국어와 한글에 대한 인식이 어떻게 전개되었는지, 그리고 그 인식 내용이 근대 갑오개혁 전후 자국어 및 자국문자 인식에 어떻게 관계하는지를 밝히고자 하였다. 살펴본 결과, 초기 기독 선교사의 한국어와 한글 인식은 네 가지로 정리된다. 첫째는 한국어와 중국어, 한글과 한자(한문)의 위계구도 인식이고, 둘째는 한글과 한자의 이중 문자 위계 구도에 대한 비판적 인식이다. 셋째는 한국어와 한글의 번역 표현을 통한 언어와 국가의 객관적 인식이다. 넷째는 한글의 구조적 간략성과 문자적 완전성, 효용성에 대한 인식이다. 이러한 초기 기독 선교사들의 한국어와 한글의 인식은 자국어와 자국문자에 대한 인식에서도 확인되는데 그 인식 내용이 강조되거나 체계적으로 기술되는 양상으로 전개되었다. 따라서 초기 기독 선교사들의 한국어와 한글 인식은 근대 지식인의 자국어와 자국문자에 대한 인식에 지대한 영향을 미친 것으로 추정된다.

Marriage and Partnership in Modern Protestant Denominations: From Christian Canons to New Norms

Introduction. The problem of recognition of same-sex marriages and partnerships in recent decades has become particularly acute in public discourse. Polar points of view are expressed: from the inadmissibility of homosexual marriages to the legalization of same-sex relationships and the need for church consecration of such unions. Christian churches today are forced to publicly state their position regarding homosexual marriages and partnerships, defining the boundaries of interaction between parishioners and clergymen who are faced with such issues. Some Protestant denominations in Europe and America recognize same-sex marriages, arguing their position not with the canonical norms of Christianity, but with the concept of human rights, freedom of choice and individual autonomy, as well as the laws of those countries where such unions are already legalized. The purpose of the article is to study the approaches that have developed in various Protestant denominations regarding the problem of recognizing same-sex marriages and partnerships. Materials and Methods. Analysis of doctrinal documents, social concepts of Protestant churches, content analysis of public statements of representatives of various Protestant communities made it possible to identify the peculiarities of attitudes towards the problem of same-sex marriages and partnerships at the present stage. Results. The positions of various Protestant denominations regarding same-sex marriages and partnerships are presented, the main approaches to the processes of regulation of this problem in the church are identified. These approaches are due to the influence of secular legislation and the prevailing system of values in countries where Protestantism is widespread. Discussion and Conclusion. Changing the norms and disciplinary rules in both secular and church life is a natural process of social development. The norms governing relations between the sexes, issues of marriage and the family, the rules that set the boundaries of what is acceptable and what is unacceptable in social behavior, have always been the subject of discussion, change, abolition and recognition. The problem of same-sex marriage and recognition from Christian churches, on the one hand, demonstrates a normative transformation in morality, religion and law, on the other hand, characterizes the rejection of Christian canons in favor of the concept of human rights and “new ethics”.

MODERN PROTEST MOVEMENTS IN THE USA AS A SUBJECT OF POLITICAL SCIENCE RESEARCH

The article analyzes the main approaches to defining and understanding modern protest movements in the USA. The role of political protest as one of the forms of contentiouspoliticsis defined. The key importance of protest in the formation of mass social movements is clarified. The main theoretical approaches to defining the essence of the phenomenon and the concept of «social movement» are presented. The stages of development of modern protest movements and their key importance in the political life of the United States of America are studied.

A Modern Protestant Theology of Paul

A Modern Protestant Theology of Paul

Global Early Modern Protestant Mission

Global Early Modern Protestant Mission

A History of Palestinian Islamic Jihad: Faith, Awareness, and Revolution in the Middle East

A History of Palestinian Islamic Jihad: Faith, Awareness, and Revolution in the Middle East

The Social Life of the Early Modern Protestant Clergy. Edited by Jacqueline Eales and Beverly Tjerngren. Cardiff: University of Wales Press, 2020. viii + 119 pp. £24.99 paper; £24.99 ebook.

The Social Life of the Early Modern Protestant Clergy. Edited by Jacqueline Eales and Beverly Tjerngren. Cardiff: University of Wales Press, 2020. viii + 119 pp. £24.99 paper; £24.99 ebook. - Volume 91 Issue 2

National scenarios of digitalization of political protest

The authors consider significant changes in the political landscape associated with the impact of digitalization. The aim of the work was to study the changes in the characteristic features of political protests due to the introduction of new digital technologies in them. National scenarios of digitalization of political protest are considered through comparative analysis. Case study and comparative analysis were used as research methods. The techniques of the scenario method were applied. The object of the study were five cases reflecting the nature of the digitalization of political protest: protests against the extradition bill in Hong Kong (2019-2020), protests of those who disagree with the results of the presidential elections in Belarus (2020-2021), protests in France against the bill "On Global Security" (2020-2021), protests of those who disagree with the results of the elections in the United States (2020-2021), as well as protests in support of A. Navalny in Russia (2021). The result of the study was the identification of common and special characteristics of the national models under consideration. First of all, the variety of technologies used allows activists to form an alternative information agenda and involve broad masses of people in the protest. Secondly, the harsh reaction of the authorities to protest activity damages any attempts at dialogue between the state and civil society. Thirdly, the network nature of the organization of modern protests determines the trend towards decentralized protest management. Fourth, large media corporations in modern conditions acquire the status of independent political actors. Fifth, the request for anonymity in order to minimize restrictions on the use of digital tools in the future may also become a new serious challenge for public authorities.

The Concept of “Ministry” in English and Russian Discussions of Modern Protestants

The purpose of this paper is to consider how contemporary Protestants interpret the concept of “ministry”. The use of one or another interpretation determines specific ideas on economic and political activity, which, on the one hand, are conditioned by cultural and national contexts and, on the other hand, transform them. In fact, we are talking about the expansion of theological languages into the political sphere and their consequent transformation into political ones. There are two principle approaches to understand “ministry” in Protestant communities. The first assumes a strong connection with church community activities, while the other allows a broader view of the ministry including all areas of professional activity. The second approach is more consistent with the “Universal Priesthood” doctrine, which presupposes the equality of all types of positive activity when evaluated from the perspective of the Christian mission. The terms used by both approaches are somewhat similar, which makes comparisons rather challenging. It is therefore necessary to clarify and analyze the main idioms and adverbs used by the participants in the discussion. The study shows that the result of the first approach to understanding “ministry” is a strengthening of the hierarchies in Protestant communities, and the second is a comprehensive revision of church structures, and then of political and economic realities.

October 2020 Protests in Poland. A Case Study of Olkusz

Introduction. In October 2020 the most extensive social protests took place in Poland since the democratic transformation in 1989. They were caused pertinently by the Polish Constitutional Tribunal’s decision and government policy on abortion. Numerous protests were held all over the country, both in larger cities, smaller towns and villages. Methods and materials. The study presents the results of the internet surveying method (CAWI) and snowball sampling. These were the only methods which can be used to study protest participants themselves (busy straightening in the streets), but also useful because of the pandemic situation in Poland. A 30 question survey was filled by about 200 people who took part in the protest in Olkusz city. Analysis. Research was made in time of “first main wave of protests” period, i.e. October 24–26, 2020. The author underlines the role of youth in the protests, and wants to answer two main research questions, first of all: what was the role of ‘Generation Z’ in October protests, and as well: what are the political views of the protesters. Researches about the first “hours” of protest are mostly extremely rare, the article also allows to see not only new youth Gen Z, but also modern civil protests. Results. Results show that the participants comprising mostly youth were not conservative, and could easily be considered a new generation of Poles – quite different from their older colleagues. But how and why are youngsters so politically different?

Modern protest movements in France

Modern protest movements in France

Jacqueline Eales & Beverly Tjerngren (eds.), The Social Life of the Early Modern Protestant Clergy, Special issue of The Journal of Religious History, Literature and Culture, 6:2 (Cardiff: University of Wales Press, 2020). 120 pp.

Jacqueline Eales & Beverly Tjerngren (eds.), The Social Life of the Early Modern Protestant Clergy, Special issue of The Journal of Religious History, Literature and Culture, 6:2 (Cardiff: University of Wales Press, 2020). 120 pp.

RESEARCH OF PROTEST ACTIVITY OF THE POPULATION IN FOREIGN AND DOMESTIC SCIENCE

Organized protest actions of citizens have an increasing impact on the socio-political processes in Kazakhstan and Europe. The modern protest takes on new forms, and the opening technical opportunities are used to mobilize participants. In such conditions, the assessment of the protest potential, the identification of «points of instability» and the understanding of the possible negative public reaction to the decisions of the political elite become important tasks of modern political management. The article considers the main theoretical approaches to the study of protest behavior in foreign sociology.

Post-Crisis Protest: European Features

The article analyzes the phenomenon of modern post-crisis protests. The frame theory is the most effective method for evaluating the modern protest movement, which allows analyzing any action from the point of view of its context, its representation in the public space, its organization and original worldview. The article examines the European specifics of the protests and possible ideological divisions within the framework of mass demonstrations. It is concluded that the post-crisis protests in Europe are characterized, first of all, by a more or less clear division into supporters of neoliberal ideology and traditionalists (identists). The neoliberals opposed the traditionalism of the leadership of Poland, Hungary, and Russia, but the traditionalists more often protested against strict quarantine measures and uncontrolled immigration. Secondly, one of the widespread factors was distrust of the government, which, while proclaiming democratic norms to which does not follow. From this point of view, both the identists and the neoliberals alike demanded more democracy and justice during the protests

The King’s Psalms — or the Pope’s? Katherine Parr’s Psalms or Prayers, Scriptural Collage, and English Catholic Devotion

ABSTRACT Scholars have long known that early modern Protestants adapted Catholic devotional texts for their own religious purposes, yet early modern Catholic uses of Protestant devotional material are rare. This article focuses on a surprising fact: that one of the most important English Catholic devotional texts, the Manual of Prayers (first ed., 1583), incorporates three psalms from Katherine Parr's Psalms or Prayers (first ed. 1544). Parr's text translates John Fisher's Psalmi seu Precationes (ca. 1525), a collection of collage psalms assembled from scripture; her translations are credited with an important role in shaping Protestant piety and popularizing collage psalms. But they were also easily assimilated to English Catholic devotion. The case of the Manual's use of Parr’s use of Fisher’s use of the Bible testifies to the popularity and flexibility of collage psalms across confessional lines, and to the importance of found language in early modern devotion.