Modern Organizational Structures Research Articles

SYNERGISTIC APPROACHES TO STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT: MODELS AND IMPACT ON THE PERFORMANCE OF ORGANIZATIONS

In the current dynamic business environment, the ability of organizations to manage and innovate effectively is becoming a crucial factor for success and competitiveness. In this context, synergistic management approaches are of particular relevance since they offer the integration of different functions and processes to achieve better results than are possible by using traditional methods. The relevance of the topic is determined by the need for a more comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms of synergy in management and its impact on organizations’ efficiency. The purpose of this research is to analyze synergistic models of strategic management with a focus on their key features, advantages and limitations. Modern organizational structures and strategic procedures are the object of the research. In our research, we applied a comprehensive methodological approach that combines a systematic approach, analysis and synthesis, and comparison. This gave us the opportunity to conduct an in-depth analysis of the interactions between different components in the organizational system, opening up new perspectives in understanding synergies in management. The application of these methods also made it possible to effectively assess how synergistic strategies influence the overall management efficiency, providing valuable insights into optimizing organizational processes.

MODERN TRENDS IN BUSINESS IN THE FUNCTION OF BUSINESS SUCCESS

The aim of this paper is to point out the importance of new trends in the business of modern organizations. Emphasis is placed on the processes that characterize modern organizations, namely: globalization, sustainability, information technology and modern organizational structures. The paper analyzes the extent to which modern organizations fit into the trends of globalization and sustainability, and the extent to which they apply modern information technologies and organizational structures. In order to have a more successful analysis, the advantages and disadvantages of these trends have been identified. The paper shows that the successful operation of modern organizations depends on the degree to which they have managed to master these trends and implement them in their business strategies. All these processes result in connecting and networking organizations, developing democratic relations in management and decision -making, which has a positive impact to greater employee motivation and more efficient business.

Institutionalized Association of Southeast Asian Nations-Our Eyes Cooperation at the Ministry of Defense of the Republic of Indonesia Within the Framework of Defense Diplomacy

Institutional which is made into the rule of game and organization, has a very important and decisive role in making arrangements in allocating resources efficiently, equitably and sustainably. The dimension aspect of organizational structure has three sub-dimensions namely complexity, formalization, and centralization. This research uses explanative qualitative methods. Data collection was obtained through secondary sources and analyzed by means of data comparison, verification, and drawing conclusions. The ASEAN Our Eyes organization as an institution in the Ministry of Defense of the Republic of Indonesia which has begun its formation but is still looking for a format that can run effectively and efficiently carry out its mission in order to safeguard Indonesia's national interests in the operationalization of bilateral and multilateral cooperation within the framework of defense diplomacy. Efforts to institutionalize ASEAN Our Eyes in the dimensions of a modern organizational structure, through a review of several sub-dimensions, are based on short-term needs. The discussion in this study will provide an overview of the design of the Indonesian Ministry of Defense's ASEAN Our Eyes institutional model, which is effective in achieving national interests in all future forms of defense cooperation.

Green HRM and employee efficiency: The mediating role of employee motivation in emerging small businesses

The modern organizational structure expects that the human resource department should train the employees effectively to sustain the environment. This study aims to understand the role of green human resource management (GHRM) in the efficiency of organizations’ employees in small and medium enterprises (SMEs) of Pakistan. The questionnaire was developed on a five-point Likert scale to collect primary data from the target respondents, and the target respondents of this study were the employees of SMEs in Pakistan. The results of the study indicate that GHRM is an important tool to motivate and train employees, which ultimately increases the efficiency of employees. This study demonstrates that the SMEs in Pakistan need to consider the critical role of GHRM as it is emerging and provides reliable resources as per the organization’s requirements for better performance. This study provides recommendation for future studies to consider and contribute to the literature and to the practices of SMEs in Pakistan for the efficiency of their employees.

Psychological and pedagogical approach in the method of studying modern organizational and managerial structures

Psychological and pedagogical approach in the method of studying modern organizational and managerial structures

Forensic medicine in germany: past and present

This article based on the unique English-language publication history of forensic medicine, edited by Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor Burkhard Madea, continues the series of publications on the state of forensic medicine globally, its past, present, and future. The initial articles were devoted to the organization of forensic medical examination of the United States of America, England, and China. The current article details the development and structure of the forensic expert service in the Federal Republic of Germany (Germany) from its origin to the present state. Both the main stages of its development and the modern organizational structure have been discussed. The article also states the primary points of teaching forensics at German medical universities as well as the order of specialization and postgraduate education of specialists. In addition, publishing activities and the principles for the formation of professional communities of forensic experts are covered. The study concludes that forensic medicine in Germany has over a century-old history and has established the optimal ratio of science and practice in activities. These aspects position forensic medicine in Germany as the best forensic medical service in the world.

Modern organizational structures: transformation from vertical to flexible

Modern organizational structures: transformation from vertical to flexible

Infrastructure governance for the Anthropocene

Transitioning infrastructure governance for accelerating, increasingly uncertain, and increasingly complex environments is paramount for ensuring that critical and basic services are met during times of stability and instability. Yet the bureaucratic structures that dominate infrastructure organizations and their capacity to respond to increasing complexity remain poorly understood. To change infrastructure governance, it is critical to understand current conditions, the barriers to change, and the strategies needed to shift priorities and leadership strategy. The emergence of modern infrastructure bureaucratic and organizational structure is first explored. The need to rethink infrastructure as knowledge enterprises capable of making sense of changing conditions, and not simply as basic service providers, is discussed. Next, transformation of infrastructure governance is presented as both a challenge of organizational change as identity and power and leadership capacity to shift between stable and unstable conditions. Infrastructure bureaucracies should create capabilities to shift between periods of stability and instability, emphasizing flexibility where ad hoc teams are given power to make sense of changing conditions and steer the organization appropriately. Additionally, several critical factors must be addressed within organizational power structures, identities, and processes to facilitate change. Allowing infrastructure governance to persist in its current form is likely increasingly problematic for the future and may result in an increasing inability to maintain relevance.

Journey of a concept: span of control – the rise, the decline, and what is next?

Purpose Although the topic of span of control (SOC) has been discussed in detail in management literature and education, less focus has been placed on the decline research since the 1970s and, thus, the future relevance of the concept. By providing a historical overview of the literature on SOC through the work of key management scholars, this paper aims to explain why the literatures’ coverage of the topic has been significantly diminished in recent decades and offers suggestions as to why further research on the topic is needed. Design/methodology/approach The authors provide a historical literature review and analysis on the decline of SOC as a construct of interest. Findings The findings of the paper include a brief analysis of SOC. The concept was a very strong concept that declined as management became more scientific, rejecting classical management theory. This rejection occurred because SOC was impacted by multiple factors making it impossible to effectively study, making it imprecise. Likewise, SOC is too applied and lacked theoretical relevance. However, SOC still has value, especially when paired with a theory such as leader-member-exchange (LMX). Originality/value The authors argue that SOC is still relevant today and management scholars should align its study with its practice in modern organizational structures. However, its focus needs to change and be added to other theories such as LMX.

A Proposal on Developing a 360° Agile Organizational Structure by Superimposing Matrix Organizational Structure with Cross-functional Teams

With the growing business opportunities and expanding boundaries, the organizational structure of the companies is becoming highly dynamic with several levels flattened out and branching out horizontally, instead of being vertical. With agility required in all fast-evolving organizations, it is essential to check out for the suitability of the modern organizational structures prevalent, being classified by Mintzberg as ‘entrepreneurial or simple structure, machine bureaucracy, professional bureaucracy, divisional form, and adhocracy or innovative’ (Mintzberg, 1980; Lunenburg, 2012). In this article, we propose a 360° Agile organizational structure which is a hybrid of the matrix organizational structure superimposed with cross-functional teams (CFTs). This article discusses the possibilities of forming smaller teams without compromising the incidence of the essential ‘skills– talents–competencies’, necessary for every single project, thereby superimposing the matrix organizational structure and the CFTs. This article also discusses the advantages and disadvantages of this proposed organizational structure. A possible cross-check with regard to the scalability issues has also been made with the Scaled Agile Framework (SAFe®) agile HR practices.

ОРГАНІЗАЦІЙНО-ІНСТИТУЦІЙНІ ЗАСАДИ МІЖНАРОДНОГО КООПЕРАТИВНОГО СПІВРОБІТНИЦТВА

The modern organizational structure and priority areas of activity of the International Cooperative Alliance (ICA) as the world center of the cooperative movement are investigated. The role of the ICA as a significant factor in world economic and political life is demonstrated. Directions for cooperation support by United Nations specialized agencies are analyzed: the United Nations Development Program (UNDP), the Organization for Industrial Development (UNIDO), the Organization for Education, Science and Culture (UNESCO), the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). The content and priorities of the Joint Committee for the Promotion and Assistance to Cooperatives have been identified. The role of the International Labor Organization in the development of cooperation is attested. Institutional prerequisites for collaboration and integration of the cooperative sector of European countries are explored. Active support was given to the activities of cooperative organizations by influential European Economic Institutions (European Commission, European Unit of ICA Europe, Coordinating Committee of the Association of European Cooperatives (CCACE), European Cooperatives Project).The composition of the multi-profile cooperative network «European cooperatives» is analyzed. The main goals of the European Consumer Cooperative Consumers’ interests have been investigated. The content and directions of EuroCoop’s cooperation with the institutions of the European Union (European Parliament, European Commission, Council of the European Union) and leading European and world sectoral institutions have been identified. The main activities of EuroCoop are structured. The content and composition of the main policies for the implementation of EuroCoop activities are analyzed. The role and tasks of the EuroCoop network in the implementation of the project of the ICA «Cooperative Decade of Sustainable Growth» have been determined. The experience of collaboration of the system of consumer cooperation of Ukraine with international cooperative organizations is generalized and perspective directions of further collaboration are proposed.

Mobile medical unit as a rational model of modern mobile medical formation operating in the metropolis in emergency situations

Purpose of the study. Substantiation of organizational principles of development of the health system of the population of the megalopolis in emergency situations. The article analyzes the stages of creation, testing and practical implementation of the modern organizational and staff structure of mobile medical formation and its functioning to meet the needs of the peaceful population of Moscow in Moscow pre-hospital period (2013-2017).Materials and methods. A survey of 112 respondents from 57 industry-specific metropolitan organizations and enterprises of the state healthcare system was conducted on the main indicators of the activities of institutions involved in the formation of a mobile medical unit. The result of this questionnaire was an assessment of the personnel potential of outpatient polyclinic establishments-shapers of mobile medical units, as well as the provision of full-time property and material resources of organizations and enterprises of the Moscow City Health Department involved in their formation. 24 research exercises were conducted on the formation and use of mobile medical teams to eliminate the health consequences of emergencies.Results. The article considers the issues of resource support of organizations and enterprises of the state healthcare system of Moscow. The calculation of the internal reserves of outpatient clinics of the Moscow Department of Health has been prepared, reflecting the personnel potential of the medical organizations that form the units. Research exercises have been carried out on the formation of mobile medical units, the issuance of medical equipment and sanitary equipment for them from medical warehouses, as well as the functioning of the units of mobile medical units during the mass arrival of people of various profiles.Conclusion. The study showed that the organizational foundations in the field of medical support for the population in emergencies make it possible to ensure the formation of a mobile medical unit with labor and material resources with the maximum use of internal reserves of regional health care. The proposed model of the organizational structure of a modern medical formation is an alternative to the bulky and inactive first aid unit that has existed for more than 40 years.

INTELLIGENT, INNOVATIVE AND SUSTAINABLE INDUSTRY IN BULGARIA – PROSPECTS AND CHALLENGES

The report analyzes industrial transfor-mation through smart and sustainable growth, as well as building a culture of innovation in a new digital age. Innovative enterprises from Bulgaria are presented with their respective modern organizational structures and forms of innovative cooperation between them - Sofia Techpark, Trakia Economic Zone, Technological Park at the Technical University of Gabrovo. The barriers to innovation development of SMEs in Bulgaria are outlined. An example of a high technology center funded under the EU Operational Programs is presented. Answers to questions such as: what are the role of the innovation centers in the innovation ecosystem in Bulgaria; how to stimulate the transfer of talent between university and business; how the market for innovation of the future changes; why de-literacy is a factor of success; how to support innovation and digitization; what are the European policies in the field of innovation and digitization?

The National and University Library of Iceland 200th Anniversary

The National and University Library of Iceland (Landsbókasafn Íslands — Háskólabókasafn) celebrated its 200th anniversary in 2018. The purpose of the review is to acquaint Russian library specialists with the history of this institution and to show its role in the preservation and promotion of the national cultural heritage. The author considers the main stages of development of the National and University Library of Iceland (NULI): from the establishment of the Icelandic Provincial Library in Reykjavík in 1818 (in 1881 it was renamed to the National Library of Iceland) to its merger with the University Library in 1994. The main sources of the study are the articles of foreign, primarily Icelandic, researchers on the activities, holdings and electronic collections of NULI, published in the late 1990s — 2010s. The author notes the contribution of Jón Árnason (1819—1898), the famous Icelandic researcher-folklorist and the first national librarian, who headed the library for about 40 years, in the development of the institution’s structure and stocks. The paper characterizes the modern organizational and management structure of NULI, composition of collections (including the Manuscript Department and the Icelandic Department), the system of library and bibliographic services. The author emphasizes the role of the Árni Magnússon Institute for Icelandic Studies in Reykjavík as the main repository and centre for the study of Icelandic manuscripts. The institute conducts the intensive work on search for medieval Icelandic documents in the libraries and archives of other states and the digital reconstruction of scattered collections. The article reveals the work of NULI on opening of its holdings and creation of digital collections (“Collection of historical maps of Iceland”, “Digital library of medieval Icelandic manuscripts”, “Digital library of Icelandic Newspapers and magazines”, “Collection of old books of Iceland”, etc.). The author draws particular attention to the activities of the Consortium of Icelandic Libraries led by NULI to create a Unified Information and Library Space for the country and concludes on the significant contribution of NULI to the promotion and popularization of the national cultural heritage of the Northern state.

Street-art jako nowe zjawisko w sztuce – środek na gentryfikację miejskiego środowiska

The article deals with the genesis of street art, its transformation from a spontaneous phenomenon of the urban environment, to a phenomenon that has been recognized by the people and professionals and attracted the attention of expert artists. Successively, street art has transformed and is transforming into a specific type of contemporary art, in which various movements of international or regional character (graffiti, muralism) can be determined. The spread of street art as a phenomenon of art was promoted by the availability of information technologies and the activity of manufacturers of aerosol paints. In the process of development of street art, thanks to the participation of professional artists, the art techniques have emerged, which have an interconnection with the classical styles of art. Expanding the scope of applica­tion of street art products becomes a significant component of the sphere of spiritual production and requires modern organizational structures and associations, such as art centres and art clusters. It will contribute to the effectiveness of their activities, the popularization of street art as a means of art education of the population, the synthesis of experience. Crystallization of creative processes and thanks to the globalization, their transformation into the directions and styles of street art occur.

Modern organizational structures, and the possibility of their adaptation in the field of public administration

The article is devoted to the review of modern types of organizational structures through the prism of their practical application by both commercial structures and public administration bodies. Modern types of organizational structures provide great opportunities to achieve the goals of different levels. In general, the trend of development of organizational structures is reduced to the predominance of a set of highly organized teams on the principle of horizontal management as opposed to the hierarchy of mechanistic organizational structures. The author emphasizes that there is no single correct, the most ideal type of organizational structure suitable for all organizations, regardless of production or service technology, organizational and legal form, strategy and operating conditions. First of all, for modern organizations it is important to adapt to the changing factors of the environment and the choice of the optimal organizational structure, taking into account the specifics of the activity. The requirements of the citizens to the quality of services and management functions are changing, the requirements of the world community to the implementation of public administration are also constantly growing - all this makes changes in the structure of public administration. This article attempts to explore the possibility of adapting new types of structures in the field of public administration, which is committed to the concept of Good Governance.

GLOBALIZATION OF THE WORLD ECONOMY AND CHANGES IN THE ORGANIZATION AND MANAGEMENT

Changes in the world market of the operations in all companies are constant. The survival on the market of each company depends on the level of flexibility to adapt to all the changes that occur. In addition to the changes, what is important to the environment in which businesses operate and gain their competitive advantage is globalization. The world becomes a "global village" where there are no obstacles in communicating between people who are from two different world sides. There are no barriers to competition, even if they are not physically located on the same market. There are countless opportunities to increase competitiveness and profitability. In the last two decades, globalization has been attracted special attention by scientists, based on its great influence on the development of global finance and financial markets, the expansion of knowledge through improved communication conditions, the expansion of multinational firms and the decentralization of economic activities within and between firms, the development of global oligopolies and the reduction barriers to trade and investment. Globalization requires the transformation of human identity in terms of the knowledge and skills it possesses. Apart from the necessity of applying and changing the knowledge and skills of people working within a particular organization, changes in the domain of the organization and management itself should be made. Globalization and modern organizational structures are assumed to have the use of information communication technologies, the independence between individual units that can be spatially dislocated, the structure is often non-hierarchical and the only thing that is certain is that all units act in accordance with the same goal. Such organizations have the structure of networks or neurons - they are all interconnected with everyone. Physical distance here practically does not exist because of the development of Internet and multimedia conferences that facilitate business and reduce the time needed for work and labor costs. In order for a company to be successful, besides selecting the best form of organizing business processes, it has to be known how to use business information, both internally and externally. Company has to be aware that the implementation of new technological developments directly affects the ability to use large amounts of information. For this reason, modern companies are continually reorganizing their business in line with technology development. Information and communication technologies enable the creation of the infrastructure needed to manage business knowledge and which is a precondition for the creation of the learning organization. It enables employee’s knowledge to circulate more easily through the organization, to upgrade his knowledge and to deliver positive business results.Keeping that in mind, the changes in the world economy and its impact on business and management in the whole world, any scientific dealing with these topics and the essential consideration of the causes and consequences of the same and their trends and trends that are still expected in our everyday life and business is of great importance for all managers and future managers who, through good information and understanding of modern processes, will be able to make regular, efficient and effective decisions on daily basis, successfully manage people and achieve their goals.

The Relation between Machiavellianism, Organizational Commitment and Ethical Leadership: A Field Research on Academicians in Turkey

Organizational commitment and ethical leadership practices are regarded as crucial in the process of achieving organizational goals in modern organizational structures and as variables that need to be enhanced within administrative policies of organizations. According to literature, the Machiavellian characteristics of the employees typically stand out as an unwanted phenomenon in organizations. The objective of this study is to examine the relationship between Machiavellianism, organizational commitment and ethical leadership in universities. A questionnaire was conducted on 385 academic staff serving in universities around Turkey and frequency, t-test, ANOVA and regression methods were utilized in the analysis of the research data. According to research findings, a positive relationship was found between the continuance commitment and normative commitment which are among sub-dimensions of organizational commitment and Machiavellianism tendency. It was observed that ethical leadership was positively related to all sub-dimensions of organizational commitment, that is, ethical leadership behaviors were an important determinant in terms of organizational commitment. No relation was found between the tendency of Machiavellianism and ethical leadership behaviors.

FORENSIC SCIENCE IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, PAST AND PRESENT

The article, based on the book «The History of Forensic Medicine» under the editorship of doctor of medical sciences, Professor, Burkhard Madea, provides detailed information about forensic examination in the United States of America, is the modern organizational structure of the service, shown the history of its creation, development and complexity of development. The problems of the service, its main functions and structure are noted, the educational process that passes through the professional life of medical forensic experts of the United States is described, and the role of medical communities and associations in this regard is noted.

Using global environment trends for adaptating the higher education to changes and increasing the investment attractiveness of the region

The work is devoted to the analysis of the possibilities of adaptation of the Russian system of higher education to changing global environment. The main trends of these changes are singled out and characterized. The results of a sociological study of the correspondence of the existing organizational structures of higher education institutions to the needs of students and the requirements of the time are presented. Measures to improve the system of university training with the aim of forming a modern and adaptive organizational structure are proposed in the paper.