Modern Office Research Articles

Visual fatigue prediction using classification model based on physiological responses of occupants under office lightings

Appropriate management of visual fatigue is crucial for eye health as it significantly impacts life quality throughout an individual's life cycle. The shift to digital tasks in modern office environments has increased occupants' exposure to visual fatigue, leading to various social problems. This study aimed to develop visual fatigue prediction models based on physiological responses and classification algorithms. Experiments were conducted to collect physiological responses and subjective visual fatigue under various lighting environments. Collected data was refined and reorganized as predictor variables by different time windows and target variables by scales. Then, visual fatigue prediction models were developed using supervised machine learning algorithms (i.e., artificial neural network, support vector machine, gradient boosting machine, and random forest). And improved by feature selection and adding subject-label variables. The resulting two-scale and three-scale visual fatigue prediction models demonstrated an average performance of 93.73 % and 94.64 % respectively. This research can contribute to reducing societal costs and enhancing productivity by proposing visual fatigue prediction models that help manage eye health in office environments.

Indoor Environmental Quality in Portuguese Office Buildings: Influencing Factors and Impact of an Intervention Study

Office workers spend a considerable part of their day at the workplace, making it vital to ensure proper indoor environmental quality (IEQ) conditions in office buildings. This work aimed to identify significant factors influencing IEQ and assess the effectiveness of an environmental intervention program, which included the introduction of indoor plants, carbon dioxide (CO2) sensors, ventilation, and printer relocation (source control), in six modern office buildings in improving IEQ. Thirty office spaces in Porto, Portugal, were randomly divided into intervention and control groups. Indoor air quality, thermal comfort, illuminance, and noise were monitored before and after a 14-day intervention implementation. Occupancy, natural ventilation, floor type, and cleaning time significantly influenced IEQ levels. Biophilic interventions appeared to decrease volatile organic compound concentrations by 30%. Installing CO2 sensors and optimizing ventilation strategies in an office that mainly relies on natural ventilation effectively improved air renewal and resulted in a 28% decrease in CO2 levels. The implementation of a source control intervention led to a decrease in ultrafine particle and ozone concentrations by 14% and 85%, respectively. However, an unexpected increase in airborne particle levels was detected. Overall, for a sample of offices that presented acceptable IEQ levels, the intervention program had only minor or inconsistent impacts. Offices with declared IEQ problems are prime candidates for further research to fully understand the potential of environmental interventions.

Investigating perforated egg crates as dynamic shading systems for open-plan offices in tropical climates

This study explores the use of perforated egg crates as a dynamic shading system to improve daylight quality by achieving better uniformity in open-plan offices. Glazed curtain walls, although a popular choice in modern open-plan offices, can cause problems especially in tropical climates, such as glare and heat particularly near the windows. As egg crates (EC) generally perform better as shading devices than plain horizontal or vertical systems, this study simulated three different combinations of perforated, solid, overlapping and non-overlapping egg crate models for an existing open-plan office building in Indonesia. Daylight measurements of the existing horizontal shading device without any egg crate (NO-EC) were first recorded. Subsequent simulations of non-overlapping perforated (EC-NP) egg crate models with different blade widths and blade rotation angles in accordance with the sun elevation angles on specified working hours were performed. Similar simulations were then performed for two combinations: other combinations of overlapping solid (EC-OS) and overlapping perforated (EC-OP) egg crate models. Finally, a full-scale site mock-up of the EC-NP and NO-EC were tested under real-life climatic conditions. Results show that EC-NP provides better uniformity than the other two combinations, which is within the range of 0.59–0.99. This is due to the deeper penetration of daylight achieved by the overlapping placement of the horizontal blades in front of vertical blades, while keeping the building envelope shaded.

Leveraging the Integration of IoT Devices for Energy Optimization in Office Blocks

The integration of Internet of Things (IoT) devices in office buildings has emerged as a promising solution for enhancing energy efficiency and optimizing resource utilization. In the context of modern workplaces, the adoption of smart technologies offers a transformative approach towards achieving energy optimization goals. Internet connected smart devices are ubiquitous and hence opens new opportunities for optimising energy consumption within office blocks. This research paper explores the integration of IoT devices within an office environment to improve energy efficiency and sustainability. The research paper aims to review a simple and low-cost smart workplace model that employs IoT technology, cloud storage, and data analytics for real-time monitoring and analysis of energy consumption patterns within an office environment. The study examines the implementation of an integration of IoT sensors within an office environment enabling HVAC and lighting systems to dynamically adjust energy use based on real-time conditions such as occupancy levels, ambient temperature, and daylight availability. Through the identification of trends, anomalies, and opportunities for optimization, the study seeks to qualify adaptive control strategies that can effectually reduce energy waste and improve general operational productivity in office buildings. The findings from this research underwrite to the growing field of smart offices by demonstrating the potential of integrating IoT devices for energy optimization in modern office blocks.

Life cycle inventory library for embodied emissions in ventilation components

Technical components are generally poorly described in environmental assessments of buildings. In this work, an extensive library of life cycle inventories for generic ventilation components and dimensions have been developed and documented. Components are described as unit processes and can be used to improve the understanding and coverage of ventilation systems in environmental assessment of buildings, and as potential building blocks for optimization of ventilation system design with minimum life cycle emissions. The ventilation components library has been tested on a modern and energy-efficient office building. Results show that more than 78 % of the climate footprint was covered directly by the library, while the main part of the remaining footprint was associated with non-standardized and building specific components. The coverage was even higher for other environmental impact categories. To assess the coverage of the library and estimate the full impacts for a complete ventilation system, inventories were developed also for the building specific components. Results from this showed an estimated total weight of 6.84 kg/m2 floor area, and a climate footprint of 22.7 kg CO2-eq./m2 floor area. Air handling units and circular ductwork were by far the top contributors with a combined 55 % of climate emissions, with roughly equal shares from both.

FACE RECOGNITION BASED OFFICE RESOURCE CONTROLLING

In contemporary office environments, effective resource management and access control are essential for maintaining security and optimizing productivity. Traditional methods of resource management and access control, such as manual logging and key- based systems, are often cumbersome, prone to errors, and lack real-time monitoring capabilities. In this paper, we propose a Face Recognition-Based Office Resource Controlling (FROC) system that leverages the capabilities of facial recognition technology to automate resource management and access control processes. The FROC system utilizes advanced deep learning algorithms to accurately identify individuals based on facial biometrics, granting or restricting access to office resources accordingly. By integrating facial recognition technology with centralized resource management software, the FROC system enables seamless and efficient control over office facilities, equipment, and confidential information. Additionally, the system offers real-time monitoring and logging of resource usage, enhancing security and accountability within the office environment. Through a combination of hardware components, including surveillance cameras and access control devices, and software modules for facial recognition and resource tracking, the FROC system provides a comprehensive solution for modern office resource management. We evaluate the performance and effectiveness of the FROC system through extensive testing in simulated office environments, demonstrating its potential to streamline operations, improve security, and optimize resource utilizationin office settings. Keywords: Convolutional Neural Networks, image recognition, Tensor Flow, Deep Learning, Teachable Machine,

Exploring impacts of thermal and lighting conditions on office workers’ subjective evaluations, cognitive performance and EEG features in multi-person offices

Modern office workers spend lots of time in multi-person offices. For human-centered building design and operation, it is essential to investigate the influence of coupled physical environments on occupants' well-being and task performance. In this study, to assess impacts of thermal and lighting environments on brainworkers, experiments were conducted under 64 conditions of different temperature, correlated color temperature, and illumination in a multi-person office. Electroencephalogram (EEG) signals were collected to measure the mental state of brainworkers and neurobehavioral tests were utilized to replicate cognitive tasks. The results indicated that only the interaction between the temperature and illumination regarding the sensation of CCT was significant. Primarily, lower illumination in colder environments made subjects perceive the lighting was warmer. Furthermore, cross-domain effects influenced office workers' sensation via synesthetic effects. And the validity of the hue-heat hypothesis on thermal sensation depended on whether subjects received enough stimulation. Besides, for brainworkers, visual comfort peaked at 5000 K and 750 lux but the optimal temperature varied based on specific requirements, with 24 °C promoting overall comfort and 26 °C enhancing executive cognitive performance. The study preliminarily explored the effects among acceptable levels of T, CCT, and I on EEG features, revealing that temperature could adjust occupants’ mental load. However, the further investigation requests equipment with finer temporal granularity, cost-effective techniques and advanced analytical methods to guide office building design and operation.

Safety and Efficacy of Photocatalytic Micro-Mist Desktop Humidifier for Dry Eye Caused by Digital Environment: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background/Objectives: Modern life is inconceivable without visual display terminal (VDT) work, including smartphones, computers, and games for both children and adults. VDT work under air conditioning and low humidity poses a high risk of dry eye and digital eye strain. Methods: Thirty-one participants were randomly divided into two groups using a desktop humidifier with photocatalytic technology, namely the "with mist" (humidifier) group and "without mist" (control) group. Participants performed VDT tasks using the humidifier with or without mist for 1 h. Ocular subjective symptoms and objective tear film parameters were assessed before, immediately after, and 1.5 h after the VDT task with or without mist. (Registry ID: UMIN000054379) Results: Ocular symptom scores improved significantly in the humidifier group immediately after the VDT task and up to 1.5 h later compared to before the task (p < 0.001, =0.006, respectively). Immediately after the VDT task, tear meniscus height was significantly higher and non-invasive breakup time was significantly longer in the humidifier group than in the control group (p < 0.001, =0.040, respectively). Plugging of the meibomian gland orifices was significantly reduced only in the humidifier group immediately after the VDT task compared to before the VDT task and remained significantly reduced up to 1.5 h later (p = 0.004, 0.016, respectively). Conclusions: The use of the photocatalytic desktop humidifier during VDT task resulted in significant improvements in the tear film parameters and subjective symptoms. The photocatalytic desktop humidifier could be effective in alleviating dry eye and eye strain in computer users in a modern office environment.

Parametric Design of Office Furniture Partition Space Integrated with the Interactive Evolution Algorithm of FNT and Tree Structure

Office furniture and its spatial layout design are playing an increasingly important role in improving work efficiency and employee comfort. However, the technology still faces some challenges. For instance, accurately simulating and evaluating the behavior and feelings of people in the office environment is difficult due to the high complexity of furniture spacing space design. It is important to address these issues. The study aims to explore the key technology and practical application of the parametric design of office furniture partition space based on the interactive evolution algorithm of tree structure. This paper proposes an improved version of the flexible neural tree model and corresponding algorithm. It also presents a design method based on the interactive differential evolution algorithm to optimize the automatic balance effect between global exploration and local development in the average shortening of the difference vector based on individual distribution. The results showed that all indexes were larger than or equal to other algorithms on 46 datasets. According to the Wilcoxon signed-rank test, the P-value was all less than 0.05, which is a significant advantage. Median, mean, and quartiles indicated that the overall performance of the algorithm was higher than the others. Furthermore, similarity evaluation-based Flexible Neural Tree algorithm had no outliers in the selected dataset, which also indicates the stability of the performance. The research results will support innovation and development in the field of office furniture design. This will promote intelligence, efficiency, and personalization in the design process, and meet the diverse needs of modern office environments.

Pengimplementasian Perkantoran Modern di Madrasah Tsanawiyah Al-Wasliyah Tembung

This study aims to evaluate the implementation of modern office practices at Madrasah Tsanawiyah Al-Wasliyah Tembung, encompassing staff training, procurement of hardware and infrastructure, document digitization, system integration, and the application of technology-based communication systems. A qualitative approach using a case study method was employed to gain an in-depth understanding of the processes and outcomes of the implementation. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, direct observations, and document analysis. The study also identifies the challenges faced, such as resistance to change and technical issues, and the strategies used to address them. The study concludes that the implementation of modern office practices significantly impacts the efficiency and effectiveness of madrasah operations and enhances the quality of educational services. This study recommends continuous staff training, investment in hardware and infrastructure, and a focus on document digitization and system integration for the successful implementation of modern office practices in other educational institutions.

A Performance Evaluation of Passive Solar Strategies in Achieving Near-Zero Energy in Modern Office Buildings

A Performance Evaluation of Passive Solar Strategies in Achieving Near-Zero Energy in Modern Office Buildings

Modern Office Management in the Post-Covid-19

Advanced office administration within the post-COVID-19 time is experiencing noteworthy changes. The widespread has quickened the appropriation of half-breed working designs, with a move towards inaccessible work and adaptable working models. This has driven a reconfiguration of workplaces and a reevaluation of their part in cities. The plan of advanced domestic office spaces has become crucial to meet the wants of inaccessible laborers. Furthermore, headways in office innovation have played an imperative part in managing the challenges brought around by the widespread. The longer-term workplaces are anticipated to be more collaborative, versatile, and energetic, with a center on activity-based workspace situations. Besides, grasping these moves can lead to noteworthy vitality reserve funds in office buildings. Generally, present-day office administration within the post-Covid-19 period requires organizations to adjust to modern working designs, use innovation, and make adaptable and proficient workspaces The researcher aims to conduct a Research study on modern office management in the post-Covid-19 era. Important objectives are set as follows: To study the relationship between modern management in the New Normal era and the performance of modern offices and to consider rules for planning faculty for cutting edge office administration within the post-COVID-19 time. This study was on modern office management in the post-Covid-19 era. This research has been started since studying the preliminary data of quantitative research. The test bunch utilized in this consider comprised of 378 present day office directors in Bangkok. A survey was utilized as an apparatus to gather information. Information investigation utilized clear measurements counting recurrence , cruel , rate , standard deviation, and testing of connections between advanced organization. with working comes about Utilizing numerous relationship examination and different relapse examination . The comes about of the ponder found that 1) the relationship between administration Modern era in the New Normal era in human resources Organizational learning And the aspect of adjustment in the new normal era has a positive relationship with operating results in finance, customers, and internal processes. and learning and development. 2) The relationship between modern management in the New Normal era and teamwork. Have a relationship plus financial, customer, and internal process performance results. 3) The relationship between Modern management in the New Normal era in terms of network creation There is a positive relationship between operating results, customers, internal processes. and learning and development.

Characterizing indoor environmental quality in Portuguese office buildings for designing an intervention program

Intervention studies have been explored to identify actions to effectively remediate indoor environmental quality (IEQ) problems and to improve people's health, well-being, comfort, and productivity. This study assessed a comprehensive set of IEQ indicators related to ventilation, air pollution, thermal comfort, illuminance, and noise for the first time in Portuguese office buildings. The purpose was to derive evidence-based corrective measures for a further environmental intervention program. The study monitored and surveyed 15 open-space offices from six modern office buildings in Porto (Portugal) during a workday between September and December 2022. Illuminance was of most concern among the assessed IEQ indicators since the measured levels were below the minimum limit required in 27% of the evaluated workplaces. For CO2, although mean concentrations were below 1000 ppm, absolute values exceeding that level were consistently registered in 20% of the offices during the afternoon period. Mean levels of PM2.5, PM10, and ultrafine particles exceeding the WHO guidelines were found in 13%, 7%, and 7% of the offices, respectively. The assessed thermal comfort levels were typically neutral, corresponding to an estimated mean of 6% of dissatisfied people. Based on the findings, an intervention plan was designed to be implemented in the further stages of this work. The priority interventions to test include relocation of printers (PM source removal), optimisation of ventilation rates (using real-time data from CO2 sensors), adjustment of desk positions to improve illuminance, and introduction of indoor plants.

A fluid filled MEMS hydrophone

MEMS hydrophones are of interest to provide a small form factor acoustic sensing capability in water. The majority of previous work on MEMS hydrophones (e.g., Bernstein 1997, Moon, 2010, Gu, 2018) use air backed diaphragms in order to provide increased sensitivity. However, this limits the operating depth of the device due to a reduction in the diaphragm burst pressure. In this work we investigate an architecture that has the potential to increase the operating depth by filling the backing cavity with a heavy fluid. We have designed architectures with multiple acoustic ports (Moon, 2010) and coupled piezoelectric diaphragms, in a bid to maintain sufficient sensitivity while incorporating the filling fluid. The sensing elements are Parylene coated, repackaged Vesper VM1000 aluminum nitride MEMS microphones. It was reported (Travaglione, 2018) that such a device can sense underwater sound, but characterization was limited. In our prototypes, the microphone die are co-packaged onto modified printed circuit boards which include the acoustic coupling elements and required preamplifiers. We report on computational predictions of sensitivity and resolution, and provide initial test results as part of our ongoing investigation. Support from OUSD (R&amp;E) Innovation and Modernization Office.

The cost of transparency: Balancing acoustic, financial, and sustainability considerations for glazed office partitions

Substantial areas of modern offices may be glazed, including office partitions and doors. The desire for transparent connection between adjacent spaces may be driven by a need for natural lighting, the aesthetics of glass, and a desire for inclusivity and openness within organizations. At the same time, organizations require speech privacy for confidential communications, a requirement that relies on good sound isolation performance from glazing and seals. This paper examines the cost of transparency for modern offices, with a focus on balancing the acoustic performance of glazed partitions with spatial planning, post-pandemic occupancy patterns, financial costs, and the carbon cost of extensive glazing. Drawing on recent work to address poor sound isolation in a building with multiple small private offices with glazed partitions onto open office areas, this paper examines the impact of low Noise Isolation Class (NIC) values between adjacent spaces, including voice privacy concerns, acoustic discomfort and enforced changes to occupancy patterns. The design of glazed partitions should address a range of privacy needs while balancing the benefits and costs of a “transparent” workplace in terms of acoustics, construction costs, and embodied carbon.

Low Interest Rates and Uncreative Destruction in the Office Market

Abstract Low interest rates were introduced in the global economy to support the weak economic growth that followed the global financial crisis. In the real estate sector, low interest rates usually lead to a boom in investment and prices. This boom, however, is not spread throughout the economy, but rather concentrated in major cities. We demonstrate this phenomenon on the example of the office market in Warsaw (Poland). While it would be beneficial for the Polish economy to develop office space in smaller cities that have an insufficient supply of modern office space, investors have focused mainly on the capital. This has not only led to an increase in the cost of building land and construction, but has also pushed some relatively new existing office buildings off the market. We call such behaviour uncreative destruction and explain why it was possible.

Potret Penguasaan Microsoft Office Mahasiswa Administrasi Perkantoran Papua

The use of technology aligned with the principles of modern office administration. Cenderawasih university students in the department of Office Administration Management are equipped with computer technology skills, particularly Microsoft Office programs. This research aims to assess students’ skill in using Microsoft Office programs i.e. Microsoft Word, Microsoft Excel and Microsoft Power Point. This quantitative research uses test instruments given to active students in each year group. Results show that students' skill in using the three Microsoft Office applications is only at a low to moderate level. For specific application, namely Microsoft Excel, low and medium skill students were found almost equal in quantity. This research could be used as an evaluation for the university department to improve its student skills.

Developing a WELL building model for office environments.

Many reported cases of occupants in modern office buildings suffer from severe health risks, negative impacts on well-being, and productivity loss. Existing building standards often prioritize energy performance and green environments over human sustainability. Moreover, office buildings have a distinct group of occupants that require extra attention. Hence, the study aims to develop a WELL building model specifically for office buildings to support occupants' well-being, health, and productivity (i.e., WELL). To achieve that objective, this study developed a list of physical indoor building features through a systematic literature review and semi-structured interviews. Then, the features were inserted into a survey and sent to office building occupants and built environment professionals. The collected data was analyzed using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). The findings suggest twelve new features applicable for supporting WELL in office buildings: workspace privacy, sufficient space, office layout, cleanliness, efficiency in building services, individual control, building automation system, Information Technology (IT) infrastructure, Wireless Fidelity (WiFi) risk, security system, safety at parking lots, and safe design. Also, three new concepts for supporting WELL in office buildings were established: office space, building services and maintenance, and smart systems. The new concepts and features lay a foundation for designing office buildings that comprehensively target occupants' WELL. Finally, this study is unique as it accentuates the development of a WELL building model specifically for office buildings.

Overheating and Air Velocities in Modern Office Buildings During Heating Season

Proper design and operation of buildings are expected to result in optimal thermal comfort and energy performance at the same time. If occupants are not satisfied with thermal conditions, corrective actions by building managers and maintenance staff may lead to elevated room temperatures with evident energy penalties. Because of complicated technical systems and control logic, it is worth studying how well the design intent has been realised in new office buildings. In this study, thermal comfort was analysed by measurements of draught, room, and supply air temperature as well as with occupant questionnaire surveys in five modern office buildings. Both short‐ and long‐term measurements were conducted to demonstrate problems in the operation and to find potential solutions for improvement. The results revealed an issue of excessive overheating during the heating season despite generally low air velocities. Radiant ceiling panels had the lowest velocities in both summer and winter, while buildings with active chilled beams showed the potential to meet Category II air velocity and temperature requirements. The building with thermally activated building systems experienced the most overheating during the heating season. Occupants were satisfied with the heating season temperatures of 23°C–25°C that can be attributed to lighter clothing (0.7 clo) instead of the standard 1.0 clo. Ventilation supply air and indoor temperature analyses indicate that elevated setpoints have been used to compensate for draught, resulting in overheating. As a measure of improvement to avoid overheating, we propose control curves for room temperature based on the outdoor running mean temperature and for supply air temperature based on the extract air temperature.

Evaluating the Effect on Heart Rate Variability of Adults Exposed to Radio-Frequency Electromagnetic Fields in Modern Office Environment

Evaluating the Effect on Heart Rate Variability of Adults Exposed to Radio-Frequency Electromagnetic Fields in Modern Office Environment