Modern State Research Articles

Сəндік-қолданбалы өнердің эволюциясы жəне оның сəулеттік ортаның заманауи дизайнына əсері

This article is devoted to the evolution of decorative and applied art and its importance in modern design. Special attention is paid to the historical development of various styles and methods formed under the influence of cultural, social and technological changes. An important aspect is the consideration of traditional crafts and their variations in modern conditions. The article analyzes how elements of decorative and applied art, including textiles, ceramics and furniture, are integrated into modern design to create unique aesthetic solutions and combinations. It was noted that modern designers use historical motifs and techniques, adapting them to the requirements of today. The influence of modern technologies on the production and distribution of products is also considered, which allows preserving national traditions and passing them on to the next generations. The importance of the symbiosis between the past and the present is emphasized as the basis for creating a new visual language that promotes cultural exchange and sustainable design. In addition, in this way, the study of the evolution of Arts and crafts helps to better understand the cultural roots of modern design and serves as an important reminder of the value of traditions in our pursuit of innovation. Ultimately, this interaction between the past and the present opens up new horizons for the future, where art and functionality continue to find their place in human life.

Modern trends in the development of the primary housing market in Moscow

The article identifies key trends and features of the real estate market development in modern conditions, the positive dynamics of which determines macroeconomic and regional development. The need to implement fiscal and monetary policies of the state to ensure effective development of the housing construction market is emphasized, which can significantly initiate economic growth in the country.

Subject and system of criminology in the views of Hans Gross

The article is devoted to the problem of systematization of forensic knowledge. It is noted that in modern conditions it is solved by creating two relatively separate theories - the doctrine of the subject and the doctrine of the forensic system. The thesis about the key role in the construction of the forensics system of a clear definition of its subject and its structure is substantiated. The subject of criminology is a system-forming factor for the content of this science. This necessitates the unification of this problem within the framework of a single forensic science. The significance of the use of the historical research method for the formation of such a teaching is emphasized. From this point of view, the historical monument of the late 19th and early 20th centuries is analyzed - the scientific work of Hans Gross «Manual for judicial investigative judges as a system of criminology». It is emphasized that this book had many editions in different years and gained extreme popularity among investigators, prosecutors, and judges of different countries of the world. It should be noted that this scientific work actually laid the foundation of criminology, on which this science developed in the following years. This development took place in both practical and theoretical aspects. Taking this into account, it is argued that Hans Gross’s views on the subject and system of forensics have not lost their significance in modern times. It is noted that their analysis allows modern researchers to orient themselves in a number of problematic issues of the development of criminology, to evaluate modern ideas about ways to solve them. In particular, two ideas of the outstanding scientist are noted: 1) criminology has as its subject the study of two types of activity - criminal activity and the activity of the investigator, which is reflected in the knowledge system of this science; 2) the system of criminology should consist of general and special parts based on the example of criminal law, the practical implementation of whose provisions in the judiciary is carried out precisely through criminology. It is claimed that these ideas are well-founded and productive and deserve their further development taking into account modern scientific processes.

Formation of the national concept of transitive justice

The scientific article is devoted to researching the concept of transit justice and clarifying its significance for Ukraine. The concept of transitive justice is very relevant, which is connected with the spread of internal and interstate conflicts. It is noted that the national model of transitive justice is relatively new for domestic legal practice, therefore the understanding of its essence and the development of mechanisms is still at the initial stage. It is emphasized that transitive justice involves a set of measures aimed at overcoming the consequences of war and occupation and developing mechanisms that will prevent the recurrence of conflicts in the future. The concept of transitive justice is used by states that are transitioning from a state of conflict and occupation to a state of peace, it does not contain universal formulas for all states. Attention is focused on the fact that under modern conditions in Ukraine, the directions of transitive justice are implemented situationally, unsystematically and do not have proper legal consolidation. The international experience of the implementation of the mentioned concept, taking into account the Ukrainian realities, should be defined as useful. Recognition of the supremacy of international law and the tendency to increase the role of non-judicial mechanisms in the justice system will provide an opportunity to use non-judicial mechanisms in order to strengthen sustainable peace. Implementation of the principles of transitive justice affects the development of the legal system of Ukraine and should ensure its stabilization, creation of conditions for its modernization and sustainable development. At the same time, it is stated that it is necessary to carry out a lot of work to establish the reasons for which the war is taking place, to find out what happened directly during the armed conflict. It should be understood that the end of the war is not just the return of the occupied territories under the jurisdiction of Ukraine, but the beginning of a difficult path to resolve the consequences of the conflict and search for a compromise. It is emphasized that there is a real need to implement the model of transitive justice, as an important tool for resolving the military conflict and the main direction of state legal policy, in the conditions of Russia’s armed aggression against Ukraine.

Court decisions in criminal proceedings: information and analytical research tools

Themis procedural decisions have a huge impact on legal practice. Scientists, professors of law faculties, investigators, lawyers, prosecutors, judges, participants in criminal proceedings and society in general should have access to court decisions within the framework of the principle of publicity and openness of judicial proceedings (Clause 20, Part 1, Article 7, Article 27 of the Criminal Procedure Code). In this direction, two trends are present in modern conditions: the increase in the number of documents and the digitization of documents. The openness of judicial practice is slowly moving from a paper form to a digital form. Taking into account this dynamic, the importance of studying information and analytical tools for the court decisions analysis made in criminal proceedings is increasing. An overview of these tools became the purpose of this publication. It is emphasized that the analysis of judicial practice data makes it possible to evaluate not only the functioning of separate legal norms and institutions of substantive and procedural law, but also to consider the activity of the justice system in a broader context from the point of view of system-creating potential, the lever for the implementation of the rule of law and the approval of the model of due legal procedure, implementation of international standards and legal policy in the state. The article discusses digital platforms: «Unified State Register of Court Decisions», «Base of Legal Positions of the Supreme Court», «Analysis of Judicial Practice», «Court Statistics», HUDOC, «Protection of State Interests in the European Court». Special attention is paid to the web application «Combating crime in Ukraine: infographics», as well as open databases of judicial practice in Belgium, Great Britain, Spain, Lithuania and Germany. The study confirmed the pluralism of information and analytical tools for judicial practice research. Information and analytical resources are important for educational and scientific purposes, for sharing experience in the practical field, for identifying problems and for developing unified approaches to their solution, as well as for making strategic decisions regarding the reform of the justice system in Ukraine. The national database of the Unified State Register of Court Decisions in terms of informativeness and interface is no worse than foreign counterparts, although there are obvious directions for improving the functionality of the system taking into account modern challenges and needs.

The Institute of Advocacy as a Key Element of Building the Rule of Law: Modern Challenges and Prospects

The article examines the role and place of the institution of advocacy in a modern democratic state. The author analyzes the key aspects of the functioning of the legal profession as an integral component of the legal system and civil society, its importance in ensuring the right to protection, access to justice and the implementation of the principle of the rule of law. The evolution of the role of the legal profession from the simple provision of legal assistance to active participation in the formation of the legal policy of the state, improvement of legislation and improvement of the legal culture of society is considered. Special attention is paid to the double meaning of advocacy – individual and social. The author emphasizes the importance of advocacy as a mechanism of public control in the sphere of justice, its role in ensuring the justice of the judiciary and strengthening the rule of law. The relationship between the effectiveness of advocacy and the level of democracy, compliance with the rule of law and human rights in society is analyzed. The article considers the right to qualified legal assistance as a fundamental human right, which acts as a guarantee of the realization of the entire set of rights and legitimate interests of a person. The author emphasizes the need to create effective mechanisms for the protection of human and citizen rights and freedoms, emphasizing the role of advocacy in this process. The impact of European integration processes on the development of the legal profession in Ukraine, the need for adaptation to European standards and principles is studied. The author analyzes the modern challenges faced by the legal profession and the prospects for its development in the context of the development of the rule of law. The conclusions emphasize the key role of the legal profession in ensuring a balance between the interests of the individual, society and the state, its importance for the development of democracy and the establishment of the rule of law. The author emphasizes the need for further improvement of the institution of advocacy in order to effectively perform its functions in modern conditions.

Subduction Style at Different Stages of Geological History of the Earth: Results of Numerical Petrological-Thermomechanical 2D Modeling

In this article we examine the effects of impact of slab rocks eclogitization on the subduction regime under the continent. Eclogitization of rocks in high-pressure metamorphic complexes occurs only in the areas of penetration of hydrous fluid. In the absence of hydrous fluid, the kinetic delay of eclogitization preserves low-density rocks under P‒T conditions of eclogite metamorphism, delaying the weighting of a slab and reducing the efficiency of the slab-pull mechanism which contributes to the steep subduction into the deep mantle. The results of numerical petrological-thermomechanical 2D modeling of subduction under the continent in a wide range of eclogitization parameters of oceanic crust rocks (discrete eclogitization) are presented. The effects of a lower kinetic delay of eclogitization in the water-bearing basalt layer, compared to the drier underlying gabbro layer, have been tested. Based on results of 112 numerical experiments with 7 variants of eclogitization ranges (in range 400–650°C for basalt and 400–1000°C for gabbro) at different potential mantle temperatures (ΔT = 0–250°C, above modern value), and steep, flat and transitional subduction regimes were identified. The mode of steep subduction occurs under modern conditions (ΔT = 0°C) with all ranges of eclogitization. Here it is characterised by an increase in the angle of subduction of the slab as the plate descends, and above the boundary of the mantle transition zone there is a flattening or and then tucking of the slab. Subduction is accompanied by the formation of felsic and mafic volcanics and their plutonic analogues. At elevated temperatures of the mantle (ΔT≥150°С) and discrete eclogitization over a wide range, the flat subduction regime is observed with periodic detachments of its steeper frontal eclogitized part. The flat subduction regime is accompanied by significant serpentinization of the mantle wedge and episodic, scarce magmatism (from mafic to felsic), which occurs at a significant distance (≥500 km) from the trench. During the transition regime, which is also realised in models with elevated mantle temperatures, there is a characteristic change occurs from flat to steep subduction, resulting in a stepped shape of the slab. As the kinetic shift of eclogitisation increases, flat subduction develops. An increase in the thickness of the continental lithosphere from 80 km to 150 km contributes to the implementation of steep subduction, while the influence of the convergence rate (5–10 cm/year) is ambiguous. Discrete eclogitization of thickened oceanic crust and depletion of lithospheric mantle in the oceanic plate are the main drivers of flat subduction. In modern conditions, their influence becomes insignificant due to the decrease in the thickness of the oceanic crust and the degree of depletion of the oceanic mantle lithosphere. As a result, the less frequent flat movement of slabs is determined by other factors.

Discipline “gymnastics with teaching methods” in higher education institutions in modern conditions

Discipline “gymnastics with teaching methods” in higher education institutions in modern conditions

ЧИННИКИ, ЯКІ ОБУМОВЛЮЮТЬ ВИНИКНЕННЯ НЕПРАЦЮЮЧИХ (ПРОБЛЕМНИХ) АКТИВІВ У БАНКІВСЬКІЙ СФЕРІ В СУЧАСНИХ УМОВАХ

Today, Ukraine is in an extremely difficult economic, social and political situation, which in turn determines the need to ensure the effective functioning of all spheres of the state's life, especially its financial sector. An important element of the latter is the banking system, which in the conditions of a full-scale war faced a large number of risks, among which a special place is given to non-working (problem) assets. At the same time, it should be noted that the emergence of non-performing (problem) assets in the banking sector is determined by a number of factors of a diverse nature. Objective. The article, based on the analysis of the scientific views of scientists, the norms of the current legislation and the practice of its implementation, highlights the factors that cause the emergence of non-performing (problem) assets in the banking sector in modern conditions. Methods. In the process of preparing a scientific study, a number of both general and special methods of scientific knowledge were used. Thus, the analytical method and the method of documentary analysis were used in order to identify the problems causing the emergence of (problem) assets in the banking sector. The method of systematization and classification was used in order to form the author's vision of the factors that cause the emergence of non-performing (problem) assets in the banking sector. Results. It is argued that the factors causing the emergence of non-performing (problem) assets in the banking sector should be divided into two large groups: 1) external, in particular: a) regulatory and legal; b) political; c) financial and economic; d) safe; e) demographic; 2) internal factors, which include: a) organizational and managerial factors; b) personnel; c) informational and analytical. Scientific novelty. The scientific novelty of the research lies in the fact that the theoretical approach to the definition of the key factors causing the emergence of non-performing (problem) assets in the banking sector in modern conditions was further elaborated in it. Practical significance. To solve the theoretical and practical problems causing the emergence of non-performing (problem) assets in the banking sector in modern conditions. Keywords: factors, banks, banking activity, non-performing, problem assets, financial sphere, banking sphere.

Han-Centrism and Multiethnic Nation-Building in China and Taiwan: A Comparative Study since 1911

Abstract Although the People’s Republic of China (PRC) and the Republic of China (ROC, also known as Taiwan) and their ruling parties have altered over time, there are quite a few similarities between their models of nation-building, more than is commonly acknowledged. The guofu (father) of the modern Chinese state, Sun Yat-sen, one of the few political leaders who is still honored on both sides of the Taiwan Straits, claimed all the peoples and territories of the former Qing empire comprised a single national community, the so-called Zhonghua minzu. Yet a Han super-majority has long sat at the center of this national imaginary. In this article, we ask what has happened to Sun’s imagined community across the last century, and how it has evolved in the two competing Chinese states the PRC and the ROC. We seek to demonstrate the enduring challenge of Han-centrism for multiethnic nation-building in both countries, while illustrating how shifts in domestic and international politics are altering this national imaginary and the place of ethnocultural diversity within it.

MEDIA EDUCATION IN THE CLASSROOM IN THE DISCIPLINE «FOREIGN LANGUAGE»

The personality of students is formed in modern conditions largely under the infl uence of the fl ow of visual media. The formation of media competence is possible through the inclusion of elements of media education in the content of the discipline “Foreign language” (integrated media education). It can be argued that the subjects “Foreign language” and “Media Education” can be combined, since they have a common genesis. They are based on the idea of communication. Currently, the discipline of “Foreign language” is implemented through text formats, which by its nature also applies to communication. Mass communication is a kind of communication. With the help of media education, it is possible to perceive foreign-language screen works. Modern students prefer video and television to reading. The purpose of the study is to substantiate the need for the use of media education. Methods of analysis included content analysis of literature on the research topic, study, description, questionnaire, observation. We conducted a survey on teachers, teachers and methodologists of educational institutions on the topic: “What does the media mean to you?”. As a result of the survey, we concluded that electronic on-screen media are currently the most widespread among young people. Through them, the younger generation receives patterns of behaviour, lifestyle, and also learns foreign languages. That is, we say that teaching various speech genres and forms can take place on the basis of videos in a foreign language. We actively use cartoons in our Foreign Language classes. Cartoons help to train listening skills: after watching the cartoon, it is suggested to perform a number of tasks on the content understanding. The method of conducting a lesson with watching a movie is given.

From Panthers to Political Dalits: Revisiting the Legacy of Dalit Panthers in India

The Panthers had created a rupture from the earlier pattern that Ambedkar has strategized to integrate the Dalits as one of the important political subjects of the modern nation state. The Panthers deviated and invested in two radical ideological traits; the Civil Right Movement in the US (including the Black Panthers’ Party) and radical Marxism (Indian Naxalite movement) to transform Ambedkar’s social theory into an aggressive brand of transformative politics. The Panthers showed open discomfort with the given liberal model of democratic politics and attempted to shift the traditional Dalit political ideology into a revolutionary force. Though the Panthers’ innovations have impressed the urban Dalit youths and intelligentsia, it failed miserably in forming a concrete political alternative at the regional or the national level. I have concluded that, with the rise of Bahujan Samaj Party (BSP), the Dalits were introduced to an improvised liberal political agenda, different from the earlier variants of Ambedkar’s participatory politics and the Panthers’ militant rhetoric. It shows that the Dalits are more convinced and engaged with the liberal-democratic model and consciously refute the militant and radical methods for political actions.

Global Comparative Law?

Abstract The Cambridge Handbook of Comparative Law, edited by Matthias Siems and Po Jen Yap, continues recent calls to expand the field of comparative law. By including authors drawn from all parts of the world, it presents ‘new perspectives’ on the field. This wide geographic remit proves successful as a way of moving beyond traditional ‘families’ and doctrinal topics. The contributors raise new themes for comparison, many related to public law and processes of change. But this, in turn, raises questions about the purposes of expanding the field. The volume largely concerns the laws and legal issues of modern states, and the authors do not venture far into history. Nor do they consider the alternatives offered by religious and traditional legal systems or forms of non-state ordering. I suggest that these subjects could productively expand the field even further, raising more theoretical questions about what law is and does.

On the transition to the use of modern lubricants in systems of energy facilities

The analysis of turbine oils currently in use is given. The classifications for petroleum base oils according to the systems developed at JSC VNIINP and the American Petroleum Institute are presented. The transition from the operation of turbine oils of the first group to more advanced oils obtained on the basis of base oils of the second group and above is justified. The problems that may arise when replacing oils of the first group with modern oils in connection with the processes of mixing energy oils of various formulations are outlined. The mixing process is complicated by the compatibility factors of both the commercial products themselves and the additive compositions used, as well as possible contamination with oil sludge of lubricants in operation and possible contamination with water and mechanical impurities of the new energy oil at the delivery stage. The necessity of analyzing the possibility of mixing is explained both by the compatibility of the energy oils being tested and by the compatibility of the additive package used in them. A list of indicators is presented by which it is possible to judge the possible compatibility of the energy oils under consideration. The results of the compatibility analysis are presented. In modern foreign policy conditions, for the Russian Federation, there is a need to activate Russian developments and provide modern lubricants for a new generation of energy facilities. A possible solution to this issue, developed by the specialists of the NRU MPEI, is presented. A system for the production of oil distillate with subsequent production of base (group III) and commercial oil for high-ash initial coals of the brown coal and early black coal stages of coalification of coal basins closed for development is presented.

Methods for restoring the mobility of a concrete mix

The relevance of the study is due to the fact that currently monolithic construction is characterized by a high rate of construction work, since in modern market conditions this indicator determines the final cost per square meter. As it is known, the life cycle of any concrete product or structure includes the preparation of a concrete mixture, transportation, laying, sealing, hardening and further operation.Therefore, the initial stage of the life cycle – the preservation of the properties of the concrete mixture over time will determine the technological and physico-mechanical properties, respectively, of the concrete mixture and concrete. An aggravating factor in maintaining the properties of the concrete mixture in the summer is the air temperature exceeding 30оC. The paper shows technological techniques that make it possible to level the temperature factor on the properties of the concrete mixture over time.It was found that the introduction of superplasticizers in the amount of 1% of the cement mass and the restoration of mobility at the construction site make it possible to obtain concretes with specified qualities. This study is relevant for manufacturers of concrete mixtures.

On the Principle of Protection of Reliance Interests in Administrative Law

Reliance on the principle of protection of interests first appeared in Germany, the German Administrative Procedure Act of 1976 established the principle as one of the basic principles of administrative law, and since then has undergone continuous development and improvement, and the development and improvement of the principle of protection of interests of the other civil law countries has had a far-reaching impact on the development and improvement of the principle of protection of interests of reliance. China's research on the principle of protection of reliance interests started late, the implementation of the administrative licensing law in 2004, article 8 and article 69 is the first time in China to the principle of clarity, which shows that the Chinese government is committed to transforming the functions of the government, in order to effectively protect the administrative relative of the legitimate interests of the trust. The concept of building a country based on the rule of law in China has put forward higher requirements for government integrity, and the administrative organ should ensure the continuity and stability of its administrative behaviour, guarantee the legitimate expectations of citizens, and maintain the stability of social order. The government's backtracking will cause incalculable damage to the government's credibility and integrity image. The application of the principle of protection of reliance interests in China is not only a necessary element in promoting the construction of a government of integrity in China, but also an important condition for the construction of a modern state of law.

Corrugated veneer panel thermophysical properties

The article substantiates the need to develop new mechanisms for the hardwood use in modern conditions of Republic of Karelia timber industry. One of the potential uses of birch wood in wooden house construction is building materials production from veneer and slab materials based on it. A large amount of associated waste from processing birch wood into veneer stands out as one of the key problems. A new slab joinery and construction material made of corrugated birch veneer is considered. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the thermophysical properties of a corrugated board made of birch wood. To achieve this goal, the tasks and methods of research are defined. An experimental device has been developed to conduct an experiment to determine the values of thermophysical characteristics. DS18B20 temperature sensors were used to measure the surface temperature, as well as to monitor device operation and the room air temperature. The sensors are connected to the Arduino microcontroller platform, which was used to record and transmit sensor readings. Additionally, the course of the experiment was monitored using a thermal imager Testo 875-1i. During the experiment, more than 1000 measurements were carried out. As a result of data processing, a diagram of the dependence of the density of the heat flux passing through the sample on time, as well as diagrams of the dependence of thermal conductivity and thermal resistance on the temperature difference on the sample surfaces, was obtained. The diagrams show the regression dependences of changes in heat flux density, thermal conductivity and thermal resistance during measurements. The values of the heat flux density, thermal conductivity coefficient and thermal resistance calculated on the basis of regression equations and the values obtained experimentally are determined. The directions of further research of the material under consideration are determined.

Generalized stability landscape of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation

Abstract. The Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) plays a crucial role in shaping climate conditions over the North Atlantic region and beyond, and its future stability is a matter of concern. While the AMOC stability when faced with surface freshwater forcing (FWF) has been thoroughly investigated, its equilibrium response to changing CO2 remains largely unexplored, precluding a comprehensive understanding of its stability under global warming. Here we use an Earth system model to explore the stability of the AMOC when faced with combined changes in FWF in the North Atlantic and atmospheric CO2 concentrations between 180 and 560 ppm. We find four different AMOC states associated with qualitatively different convection patterns. Apart from an “Off” AMOC state with no North Atlantic deep-water formation and a “Modern”-like AMOC with deep water forming in the Labrador and Nordic seas as observed at present, we find a “Weak” AMOC state with convection occurring south of 55° N and a “Strong” AMOC state characterized by deep-water formation extending into the Arctic. The Off and Weak states are stable for the entire range of CO2 but only for positive FWF. The Modern state is stable under higher than pre-industrial CO2 for a range of positive FWF and for lower CO2 only for negative FWF. Finally, the Strong state is stable only for CO2 above 280 ppm and FWF < 0.1 Sv. Generally, the strength of the AMOC increases with increasing CO2 and decreases with increasing FWF. Our AMOC stability landscape helps to explain AMOC instability in colder climates, and although it is not directly applicable to the fundamentally transient AMOC response to global warming on a centennial timescale, it can provide useful information about the possible long-term fate of the AMOC. For instance, while under pre-industrial conditions the AMOC is monostable in the model, the Off state also becomes stable for CO2 concentrations above ∼ 400 ppm, suggesting that an AMOC shutdown in a warmer climate might be irreversible.

Veterinary and epizootic surveillance in Russia in the second half of the XIX century (based on the materials of the Central Black Earth Region)

The relevance of the article is due to the difficult epidemiological situation in the Kursk region, which arose due to a special military operation. The historical experience of the zemstvos in solving acute veterinary problems can be used in modern conditions. The history of veterinary and epizootic surveillance in the second half of the 19th century is also relevant from a theoretical point of view, as it allows us to expand knowledge about the socio-economic development of post-reform Russia. The purpose of the article is to analyze the veterinary practice of zemstvos in the Central Chernozem region in the second half of the XIX century.Objectives: to identify the peculiarities of the development of veterinary medicine in the zemstvo provinces; to analyze the problems faced by zemstvo veterinarians and methods of their solution; to evaluate the effectiveness of veterinary practice of zemstvos in the Central Chernozem region. The methodology includes chronological and historical-comparative approaches. The method of objectivity and scientific approach based on the principle of historicism is applied. Results. In the post-reform period, a tense epizootic situation developed in Russia. Zemstvo veterinarians took effective measures to counteract animal diseases. Measures aimed at preventing and eliminating epizootics, combating infectious diseases of animals were carried out everywhere, the population received free medical care for sick animals, veterinary laboratories and diagnostic rooms were opened. The fight against animal diseases in the Central Chernozem region has led to the complete elimination of epidemics. Conclusions. Zemstvo veterinary medicine contributed to the improvement of animal health and the development of livestock farms in Russia in the second half of the XIX century. The activities of zemstvo veterinarians marked the beginning of the organizational design of the veterinary service as a separate branch of medicine.

ОПЫТ ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ У ОБУЧАЮЩИХСЯ ПРАКТИЧЕСКИХ УМЕНИЙ И НАВЫКОВ, НЕОБХОДИМЫХ ДЛЯ БУДУЩЕЙ ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНОЙ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ (НА ПРИМЕРЕ КАФЕДРЫ ПРЕДВАРИТЕЛЬНОГО РАССЛЕДОВАНИЯ МОСУ МВД РОССИИ ИМЕНИЯ В.Я. КИКОТЯ)

This article analyzes the experience of the Department of Preliminary Investigation of the Moscow University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia named after V.Ya. Kikot on the formation of students' practical skills and abilities necessary for them in their future professional activities. The main emphasis is on the search for such forms of education, the use of which would contribute to the training of highly qualified specialists with the necessary level of practical skills and abilities. In modern conditions, graduates are required to have skills and abilities that would allow them to navigate in a dynamically developing legal system, if necessary, quickly identify and execute the prescribed algorithm of actions that will allow them to most effectively solve a specific practical situation. It is about some of the features of the training of such a specialist that attention is paid in the content of this publication. The subject of this article is the accumulated experience of the Department of Preliminary Investigation of the Moscow University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia named after V.Ya. Kikot in conducting various types of practical training, which are combined into several groups, differing among themselves in the methodology of their conduct. In addition, the authors paid attention to the place and role of the teacher himself during the training sessions, since the effectiveness of the lesson largely depends on the personal qualities of the teacher, his theoretical and methodological readiness, intelligence, knowledge of the taught subject. The purpose of this study is to summarize and analyze the accumulated pedagogical experience, as well as to develop recommendations regarding the formation of practical skills and abilities necessary for students in their future professional activities.