Modern Maps Research Articles

Long-term follow-up after the use of the as low as reasonably achievable radiation protocol in patients with symptomatic supraventricular tachycardia

IntroductionCatheter ablation is an effective treatment modality for patients with symptomatic supraventricular tachycardia (SVT), such as atrioventricular nodal re-entrant tachycardia (AVNRT) and typical atrial flutter (TAF). With increasingly invasive electrophysiological procedures and continuous development of ablation techniques, the aim is to reduce radiation doses for patients and the electrophysiological team. Modern methods that combine the “as low as reasonably achievable” (ALARA) protocol and three-dimensional mapping systems are now state-of-the-art procedures in the treatment of arrhythmia. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness and long-term success of the ALARA approach compared to those of conventional therapy, without using modern mapping systems. MethodsSixty-one patients with symptomatic SVT (37 with AVNRT, 19 with isthmus-dependent counter-clockwise TAF, and five with other SVTs) were randomised into two groups: the ALARA and conventional groups. All patients underwent successful SVT ablation. Clinical and remote follow-up was available for 59 patients after a mean period of 3.2 years. ResultsThe mean fluoroscopy time was significantly shorter in the ALARA group (1.1 min vs. 8.4 min, p < 0.01). Regarding complications and recurrences, during a median follow-up period of 3.2 years, eight patients (13.5%) had recurrences, all of which occurred in the conventional group. ConclusionThis study confirmed a significantly lower radiation burden for patients and the entire electrophysiological team with the ALARA approach and a significantly increased risk of recurrence and complications with the conventional approach. The reduction in radiation time and high long-term success indicate the utility of the ALARA protocol in daily practice.

The origin of distance and bearing navigational data contained in portolani for the Adriatic Sea basin

ABSTRACT Distance and bearing navigational data for the Adriatic Sea basin, extracted from five portolani written between about 1200 and 1490, is examined and compared to the geometry of their renderings, plotted both on a modern map projected in selected map projections, and on a sample of selected georeferenced portolan charts. The primary conclusion is that the textual data on distances (expressed in portolan miles) and bearings (expressed in wind directions) contained in selected portolani do not represent the aggregated body of genuinely acquired measurements performed during late-medieval navigations, but that they were, most likely, extracted directly from portolan charts already in existence at the time. The secondary conclusion yielded by the methodology applied in the research is that the length of the portolan mile, which is still enigmatic to some extent, might be about 1.29 kilometers.

Analysis of Data Transmission using one modified neural networks

The traditional neural networks cannot provide modern mapping capability which is most important for analysis of data transmission nowadays. Therefore, Sigma-Pi-Sigma neural networks (SPSNNs) are good tool for this operation because of easy architecture. Application of integrated learning approach for neural networks, which uses sigma-pi-sigma neurons, helps us to complete their task for small period of time. It’s very necessary for neurons to find the solution of the problem. A final result of our results can be used in order to find the routes of “safety”, which we can indicate by position and state of cable lines or ties. For correct analysis and accurate results, we use pulse refectory method with using special device in order to get waveform, which introduce the connection problem. So, Sigma-Pi-Sigma neural network model is used for exact interpretation of altering probe signal. It is crucial that we also used rectangular methods of summation of Fourier series firstly. Therefore, it is main novelty of our investigation.

Modern Mapping of the Seabed Relief Using the Example from the NE Black Sea

Modern Mapping of the Seabed Relief Using the Example from the NE Black Sea

Landslide Hazard Zonation Mapping Techniques on Himalayan Region in India: A Survey

This review article is focused on the modern mapping techniques for creating a near-accurate landslide hazard zonation (LSZ) map focused on the different parts of the Himalayan Mountain region in India. The necessity of an LSZ map has been discussed by some given examples showing the vulnerability that comes with every landslide. As one of the youngest folded mountain ranges, The Himalayas are very much prone to landslides, with the development of modern technologies, the way of research has also transformed. In this article, the focus is identifying some recent techniques based on GIS and Remote sensing technologies which proves the accuracy and necessity of more research work. There are many areas that are vulnerable to landslides but completely untouched. The focus is to merge different techniques to create an understanding of how the technology can be a useful tool to create more accurate LHZ maps for different locations. Key Words: Landslide Hazard Zonation (LHZ), Technologies, GIS, Remote Sensing

Modern mapping and ablation of idiopathic outflow tract ventricular arrhythmias.

Outflow tract (OT) premature ventricular complexes (PVCs) are being recognized as a common and often troubling, clinical electrocardiographic finding. The OT areas consist of the Right Ventricular Outflow Tract (RVOT), the Left Ventricular Outflow Tract (LVOT), the Aortomitral Continuity (AMC), the aortic cusps and the Left Ventricular (LV) summit. By definition, all OT PVCs will exhibit an inferior QRS axis, defined as positive net forces in leads II, III and aVF. Activation mapping using the contemporary 3D mapping systems followed by pace mapping is the cornerstone strategy of every ablation procedure in these patients. In this mini review we discuss in brief all the modern mapping and ablation modalities for successful elimination of OT PVCs, along with the potential advantages and disadvantages of each ablation technique.

Conformal Cylindrical Properties of Adriatic SEA Basin Renderings On Portolan Charts

ABSTRACT The geometry of Adriatic Sea basin renderings on 12 portolan charts made from the late thirteenth to the late sixteenth century was compared to a modern map by applying Helmert transformation in order to preserve their initial geometry and by using the same 40 identical points per chart. In the first stage of the research, the geometry of the portolan charts was compared to six selected map projections in order to determine the geometrical ‘best fit'. In the second stage, networks of lines plotted on charts were divided regionally and functionally and compared to the ‘best fit’ map projection to determine their geometric patterns in more detail. The research results showed that Adriatic Sea basin renderings on portolan charts were probably the result of a deliberately applied map projection which was geometrically most similar to the modern conformal cylindrical (Mercator) projection.

The Lower Havel River Region (Brandenburg, Germany): A 230-Year-Long Historical Map Record Indicates a Decrease in Surface Water Areas and Groundwater Levels

Instrumental data show that the groundwater and lake levels in Northeast Germany have decreased over the past decades, and this process has accelerated over the past few years. In addition to global warming, the direct influence of humans on the local water balance is suspected to be the cause. Since the instrumental data usually go back only a few decades, little is known about the multidecadal to centennial-scale trend, which also takes long-term climate variation and the long-term influence by humans on the water balance into account. This study aims to quantitatively reconstruct the surface water areas in the Lower Havel Inner Delta and of adjacent Lake Gülpe in Brandenburg. The analysis includes the calculation of surface water areas from historical and modern maps from 1797 to 2020. The major finding is that surface water areas have decreased by approximately 30% since the pre-industrial period, with the decline being continuous. Our data show that the comprehensive measures in Lower Havel hydro-engineering correspond with groundwater lowering that started before recent global warming. Further, large-scale melioration measures with increasing water demands in the upstream wetlands beginning from the 1960s to the 1980s may have amplified the decline in downstream surface water areas.

Raincheck: A new diachronic series of rainfall maps for Southwest Asia over the Holocene

Fluctuations in climate have been associated with significant societal changes, both in the modern day and in the past. In dryland environments such as much of Southwest Asia, rainfall is often used as a proxy for soil moisture available for crop production, and in pre-industrial societies this is assumed to directly relate to food production capacity and security. However, rainfall values are commonly quoted in archaeological literature without further context. Variability between values arising from different methods and timescales are rarely considered. This is important as small changes in rainfall can have profound effects on the interpretation of sites and landscapes. Here, we present a novel set of snapshot precipitation maps for Southwest Asia between the years 10,240 BP and 300 BP, based on previously published natural archive data by Bar-Matthews and Ayalon (2004) from Soreq Cave, and a newly derived modern rainfall map. The modern map was created using station data from the years 1960–1990 and a geostatistical interpolation technique applied across 14 separate zones. We outline the steps involved in the creation of the maps and provide access to, and clear explanations of, the data and methods used. Using the hindcasted maps, two case studies to highlight why a nuanced approach to rainfall is required in the study of ancient societies are examined. Changes to the spatial extent of the so-called ‘Zone of Uncertainty’ through time, as well as land suitable for rainfed agriculture throughout time using a simple model are calculated. It is demonstrated that relatively small fluctuations in rainfall can have a significant impact on the distribution of moisture availability for the region. It is argued that archaeologists need to be aware of the sources and limitations of the rainfall data used in their interpretations, and our map series is offered as a baseline dataset.

Опыт добавления пространственной информации в базу данных водных объектов в ГИС-среде

The article describes the experience of adding new objects to the existing reference database of the rivers of the Republic of Mordovia in a GIS environment, which contains information about water bodies from the reference manual “Hydrological knowledge”. Watercourses and reservoirs from the official list of objects subject to regional state control and supervision over the use and protection of water bodies on the territory of the Republic of Mordovia were added to the database. An assessment of the temporal reliability of the data was carried out, since over time the river network has undergone changes, the names of individual water bodies have become outdated. In order to update the data, modern maps, a register of geographical names of objects in the Republic of Mordovia, and satellite images were used. The functionality of the ArcGIS GIS package was used in the work. The Linear Referencing Tools were very useful, allowing us to use a linear coordinate system to determine the distances from the mouth of the main river to its tributaries. The created database of water bodies of Mordovia performs a reference and information function. For the convenience of database users, attribute information about individual objects can be displayed in a pop-up HTML map window, where you can include photos and links to files with various information about the object. With the help of GIS technologies, it is possible to perform cartometric determinations, refine and add information about other water bodies, conduct spatial analysis, and create maps using geoinformation mapping methods. The results obtained serve as a significant step towards promptly providing consumers with up-to-date reference information about water bodies in various forms.

Reconstruction of the boundary line of the dacha of village Rasskazovo with country-sides according to an archival source of 1811

On the basis of a written document from the early 19th century, the boundary line of the dacha of the village Rasskazovo was reconstructed. The purpose of this research is to decipher the Boundary Book of 1811, present its text in electronic form, and reconstruct the boundary line of the dacha of village Rasskazovo with country-sides on a modern map based on data obtained during decoding. In the process of deciphering the document, the use of Excel spreadsheets made it possible to reduce the need for manual text entry from the keyboard and thereby greatly speed up and facilitate the process of processing the document. The initial experience of drawing a boundary line on a modern map led to the conclusion that the magnetic declination was not taken into account when surveying and compiling the Boundary Book. Later, as part of this study, a VBA Excel macro was developed that allows you to automatically build a boundary line according to the data of the Boundary Book, organized accordingly in an electronic table, against the background of a map inserted into the worksheet of the Excel book. The conclusion about the absence of corrections for magnetic declination during surveying and compiling the Boundary Book, as well as the VBA Excel macro developed in the framework of this work, can be applied in similar studies of other similar documents.

Институт кооперации: эволюция и современные перспективы

The article examines the history of the development of cooperative forms of management from the standpoint of an evolutionary approach, taking into account the economic, social and legal features of their functioning on the basis of domestic and foreign experience. The historical development of cooperation was explored using archival data, which made it possible to identify the stages of development of cooperation, the institutional environment. The authors consider the institution of cooperation from the perspective of the concept of polarized development, suggesting that clusters in the modern economy repeat the functions of cooperatives. As part of the study, the authors carried out a historical analysis of foreign and domestic experience in the development of the institution of cooperation: the historical stages of development in Russia from 1831 to the present are highlighted: the first stage, 1831-1917; the second stage, 1917-1990; the third stage, 1991 to the present. On the basis of the analysis and systematization of archival data, the authors compared the development of the cooperative movement and the scale of returns from their activities, including on the basis of a study of statistical indicators that were demonstrated by commercial and industrial cooperation. The types and functions of cooperatives in world practice are considered, their role is determined in accordance with the mission of the International Cooperative Alliance. The authors investigated the legislation of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics and the Russian Federation in terms of defining the essence and regulation of the activities of cooperatives, which made it possible to identify the difference between the modern form of cooperatives and the historically established one. The authors conclude that entrepreneurs use the modern form of cooperatives in Russia as a tool to reduce the tax burden, and not as a tool for organizing activities, which has confirmed its effectiveness in domestic and world practice. On the basis of archival data, a sample of the subjects of the RSFSR, leading in the number of cooperatives and in the volume of products sold by cooperatives, was made, which formed the basis for mapping. In the article, based on the mapping method, a graphical representation of cooperatives and clusters is made as a modern heir to the cooperative movement (based on archival statistical data: by their number and main indicators of activity by economic regions, territories and regions), which made it possible to identify concentration points in the economic space on the modern map of Russia (Republic of Tatarstan, Chelyabinsk Oblast, Altai Krai, Moscow). Contribution of the authors: The authors contributed equally to this article. The authors declare no conflicts of interests. Contribution of the authors: the authors contributed equally to this article. The authors declare no conflicts of interests.

Establishing seafloor mapping priorities for coastal states

The Florida Coastal Mapping Program (FCMaP) is a consortium of State, Federal and academic partners that is undertaking the coordination of the collection and dissemination of consistent, high-resolution seafloor data for Florida's coastal zone. The coastal zone in the context of FCMaP refers to the area extending from the shoreline to the 200-m isobath. The high-resolution data is critical for a myriad of ocean and coastal resource management applications.An existing data gap analysis revealed that less than 20% of Florida's coastal waters have been mapped using modern bathymetric methods (multibeam sonar or airborne lidar), and in some areas, less than 5% of the seafloor has modern data; where data do exist, they often date to the 1800s. Addressing the need for a more comprehensive modern map of the seafloor will take an enormous amount of effort and funding, coordination and prioritization will be critical to success.FCMaP also undertook a formal statewide seafloor mapping prioritization to solicit input from a variety of stakeholders. The results provide the first statewide perspective of user and stakeholder mapping prioritization needs for the State of Florida. The prioritization dataset identifies specific locations that would benefit the most users or stakeholders, which can help to refine targeted mapping strategies. We found that new, consistent data would greatly support and improve multiple management activities. The approach used for this effort demonstrates an effective and replicable approach to addressing the need for seafloor mapping.

Research on the Countermeasures of the Application and Transformation of Modern Information Surveying and Mapping New Technology in Engineering Surveying

Research on the Countermeasures of the Application and Transformation of Modern Information Surveying and Mapping New Technology in Engineering Surveying

Invasive insect potato tuber moth Phthorimaea operculella: stages of distribution in Russia and prognosis

This work summarizes all known data on the distributive history of Phthorimaea operculella in Europe, Asia and Russia with special reference to the current process of invasion to different regions of Russia and prognosis on its future spread through Russian territories. The invasion of the pest started in Russia in 1980. During last ten years from 2010 to 2020, Phthorimaea operculella occupied 5 new Regions of Russia. The threat of naturalization of the pest is high because the potato tuber moth has a high reproductive potential and cases of multiple introductions to various territories of Russia as well as registrations of the pest in places of vegetable storage are known. The modern map of the distribution of Phthorimaea operculella in Russia and selected foreign countries is composed.

The Khandaq Shapur: Defense, Irrigation, Boundary, Frontier

Khandaq Shapur has been named one of the great barriers of the ancient world, but very little is known about the monumental-scale linear feature. This interdisciplinary paper brings together archaeologists and historians to present (1) an updated history of the Khandaq Shapur drawing upon a wider range of sources, including Arabic scholarly sources, and (2) a modern map of the Khandaq Shapur produced from a ground truthed remote sensing using historic Corona satellite imagery from the 1960s and imagery available in Google Earth. This new map of the Khandaq Shapur’s ground truthed location is compared to the known locations of Sasanian sites from previous archaeological surveys to contextualise the Khandaq Shapur within the wider archaeological landscape. Together, the landscape archaeology and historical evidence provide a comprehensive picture of this unique feature: shedding light not only on its precise location, but also its nature (what was it?) and how it was used over time.

Overview of the research work of Prof. Fumiko Sugimoto

Professor Fumiko Sugimoto has been analysing the history of the 18th century and first half of the 19th century with a focus not only on the temporal axis but also on the relationships between specific spaces and the people who live and act as subjective agents in these spaces. During the past few years, she has been endeavouring to decipher the history in the period of transition from the early modern period to the modern period by introducing the perspective of oceans, with a focus on Japan. Through the study of history in terms of spatial theory that also takes oceans into consideration, she is proposing to present a new concept about the territorial formation of modern states. [Main subjects] Law and Governance in Early Modern Japan Judgement in Early Modern Society The Evolution of Control over Territory under the Tokugawa State A Human Being in the Nineteenth Century: WATANABE Kazan, a Conflicting Consciousness of Status as an Artist and as a Samurai Early Modern Maps in the Social-standing-based Order of Tokugawa Japan The World of Information in Bakumatsu Japan: Timely News and Bird's Eye Views Early Modern Political History in Terms of Spatial Theory The Emergence of Newly Defined Oceans and the Transformation of Political Culture.

Cartography and the other side of the clouds

Since they are by nature ephemeral and shapeless, clouds would seem to have little purpose in an early modern map. Yet they appear regularly, for a host of uses: to distinguish between the realm of divinity and that of the aerial viewer; to add visual punctuation to otherwise stable geographical features, and to give linear rhythm and drama to the compositions. Drawing primarily from examples from the sixteenth century through the era of Ruskin and the Victorian cloud painters, this essay looks at clouds and early modern cartography to grasp how what Damisch described in art (the oxymoronic permanence denoted by the painted rendering of an ever-shifting cloud) operates at a similar number of disjunctive levels in maps. While much has been written about the dramatic presentation of clouds in the skies of Dutch landscape painting, little has yet been said about the imaginary yet transformative viewing position presented from the other side of the clouds.

Ландшафтное окружение городищ и курганов скифского времени в донской лесостепи

The article offers a reconstruction of the landscape in the 6th—3rd centuries BC in the environs of 24 sites of Scyphoid and Gorodets archaeological cultures. Information on previous soil and palynological analyses is summarized, and the results of the latest studies of buried soils are published. A modern soil map offers an approximate view of the vegetation of the Don basin in the past. Hillforts and barrows of the Scyphoid culture are concentrated in the territories of typical forest steppe, while the fortified settlements of Gorodets are found in the more forested northern territory. This may be due to the difference in management systems, especially farming (tillage and slash-and-burn farming). Under the earthen defensive ramparts of all the studied hillforts of Early Iron Age, associated with forest valley-river landscapes, the soils with properties of forest formation have been identified, however, in many cases preserving the features of Chernozems of the drier Bronze Age. Qualities of paleosoils suggest the process of afforestation of river valleys and adjacent sections of watersheds at the beginning of Early Iron Age. Kurgans, which demonstrate the military-elitist appearance of the material culture and mobility of their creators, are situated in the interfluvial meadow-steppes and are separated from the nearest hillforts under the forests by the local relief. Localization of these and other sites confirms the existence of different economic and cultural types among the population of the Scythian era.

A hybrid method for reduction of size and number of hues in the color images used in a carpet map

AbstractThe carpet industry is no longer a small business done in the villages on a small scale; instead, it has carved an altogether different space, identity, and appreciation for itself in the cosmopolitan world. As computers are is becoming more and more ubiquitous, most industries, including the carpet industry, use computers for quality improvement, accuracy enhancement, speed development, and cost reduction purposes. Unlike traditional carpet maps, many modern maps include images of human faces for hand‐woven carpet tableau. These digital images comprise millions of colors and thousands of pixels, making it practically impossible to construct and weave the carpet in the same dimensions. Many weavers currently use manual and experience‐based methods for reducing the size and number of hues for making a hand‐woven carpet tableau map. Therefore, the outcomes are not the optimal results and can be improved. Also, many color reduction methods do not focus on the hand‐woven carpet tableau map. To overcome these problems and gaps, this research focuses on proposing a new automatic method for reducing the size of color images without compromising facial nuances, lessening the number of colors used while protecting the important areas of the images, and transforming those images into carpet tableau maps. The proposed approach inputs the original color image. It continuously detecting the face and specifying important areas, and finally, outputs carpet tableau map that is proportional to the given dimensions and color count. To evaluate the proposed method, MATLAB, as a powerful simulation tool, was employed. Final results are compared to the existing approaches in terms of face detection, size reduction, and color quantization. The obtained results have shown that the approach improves speed by 39% in face detection and increases the precision of size reduction and color quantization phases. The results have also confirmed that when images of human faces are reduced by a proposed method to form an appropriate image for tableau maps, they are nearly always perceived as more attractive than the reduced faces via traditional methods.