Modern Information Communication Technologies Research Articles

SOME ASPECTS OF ACTIONS TO RESPONSE TO EXTERNAL SECURITY THREATS AND CRISES OF THE EUROPEAN UNION

The European Union is taking action in various areas of security to improve its ability to respond to crises and increase its resilience to future challenges, so this article examines the evolution of crisis response actions of the European Union countries in the face of challenges and threats in a rapidly changing geopolitical environment in relation to European security. This, in turn, is reflected in the speed of decision-making by the competent associations of the European Union regarding legal regulation that corresponds to the current situation. The authors identify and analyze the main directions of action and response measures of member countries in the legal field. In this context, the authors pay special attention to the consideration of the European Union's security policy in relation to hybrid threats from neighboring states, ensuring cyber security, the use of modern information communication technologies, as well as mediation tools in the prevention of these threats. The authors analyze issues of cooperation between the European Union and the United Nations in the field of peacekeeping and military missions. The authors also touched on the specifics of lessons learned from addressing the consequences of crisis situations and the impact of the EU countries’ integrated approach to responding to crisis situations in the context of the past pandemic, as well as the impact of hybrid threats. The results of this study show that the relevant institutions of the European Union skillfully, promptly and effectively coordinate decision-making on response and management in crisis situations, and as part of improving the anti-crisis management strategy, taking measures to prevent the consequences of crisis situations in the EU area (hybrid threats, illegal migration, terrorism, organized crime, etc.)

A REVIEW ON THE USE OF INFORMATION COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY BY SMALL AND MEDIUM SIZED ENTERPRISES

Despite the significant contribution that information communication technology (ICT) has made to business, prior studies indicated that there is a large number of unsuccessful ICT implementations in small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs). Moreover, literature also indicated that SMEs’ utilization of ICT tools is reported to below worldwide, while that is also the case with SMEs.This research paper was aim to identify the ICT tools used by SMEs, the areas in which they are used, and the benefits companies perceive from such use. Findings of this research study with 153 SMEs suggested that the most popular ICT tool is email, used by 88% of surveyed entities. Emails contain knowledge and information that is not codified in any knowledge repository. The main area of enterprise where employees use new technologies is marketing, as confirmed by 44% of the surveyed entities. About 79% of the companies surveyed recognize that the use of new technologies brings benefits, which translate into an increase in the company’s profits. To stimulate the development of SMEs companies, this study found that it is important to support the development of modern ICT tools for economic growth

Assessing students’ attitudes and perceptions towards statistical literacy in a university system in a developing African country

Statistical literacy is important in the curriculum of every higher education institution and the sustainable development of countries. Nonetheless, low performances and student enrolment recorded in statistical education warrant investigation into plausible factors. This case study used the Students’ Attitude towards Statistics (SATS) 36-item instrument to investigate the attitudes and perceptions of 185 students, enrolled in different disciplines, towards statistics education at Chinhoyi University of Technology in Zimbabwe. Descriptive, factor reduction, and multiple regression techniques were used to summarise and extract critical covariates, and relate variables in each construct in order to explain the attitudes of students towards statistics. Thematic analysis was done for an in-depth qualitative explanation of the drivers and barriers to the teaching and learning of statistics education. The main factors which induce fear, stress, anxiety, and antipathy towards statistics include: the perceived difficulty and numerical complexity of statistics, a natural low statistics self-efficacy and self-perception, and the extremely varying statistics cognitive capabilities of students. Inadequate supporting and facilitating conditions such as modern Information Communication Technology infrastructure, and a conducive teaching and learning environment lead to low performances. Regardless, students still perceive statistics as imperative for future professions and are willing to exert enough effort provided they are motivated in statistics education. It entails a diametric paradigm repositioning of the teaching and learning of statistics, emphasising collaborative learning, the intense use of electronic learning and the assessment of statistics, and smaller-sized classes giving individualised attention to benefit weaker students. Future research needs to explore statistics curriculum development, which is lagging and may be silently responsible for the low development rate in poor African countries.

A Review of Integrated Control Technology of Tension Stringing Equipment in Transmission Line Erection

The comprehensive control technology of tension stringing equipment for transmission line erection is a method that uses modern information technology, communication technology, automation technology and other means to remotely control and monitor the state of the tensioning equipment, and realize the acquisition and control of the main working state of the tensioner, as well as real-time monitoring and control. This method has important roles and values in improving the operation efficiency and reliability of the tensioning equipment, reducing the construction cost and risk, ensuring the quality and safety of the erection construction, etc. This paper reviews the research status and progress in this field, mainly introduces the research achievements in three aspects: online monitoring and intelligent control system of tensioning equipment, control strategy based on nonlinear control technology, and control strategy based on fuzzy logic, as well as their roles in improving the machine performance and safety. This paper also analyzes the problems and challenges in this field, and puts forward the future development direction. This paper provides a valuable reference for the researchers and engineers in this field, and also provides some inspiration and suggestions for the future research or exploration in this field.

Implementation of the strategy of internationalization of higher education as a «soft power» tool of the state

Introduction. The following article analyzes the interpretations of the concept of «soft power» implemented in the field of Russian higher education. In connection with the discussion in scientific circles of the ambivalence of the concept of «soft power» from the moment of its appearance and in the subsequent period, various interpretations of opposite and complementary concepts with the word «power» are given here. The components and functions of «soft power» reflected in the documents and concepts of the state»s foreign policy are considered. Purpose setting. At present, when political and economic sanctions have also changed the landscape of international educational cooperation, the possibilities of the «soft power» tools of our state have been significantly decreased. Methodology and methods of the study. As a tool for promoting cultural values and ideals, higher education accumulates opportunities for cultural, scientific, technical, socio-political and economic impact on the individual and society. Results. The communication space of Russian universities will be able to integrate a new rational discourse through delivering various educational exchange programmes and cultural, educational projects, with the involvement of modern information communication technologies. The implementation of this task requires the strategic development of the internationalization of higher education. Conclusion. Cooperation in various fields of science and technology remains an important tool for improving international political stability and mutual understanding. Germany is an example of successful development and promotion of national ideas and interests, i.e. increasing the «weight» of the state in the international arena through education. At the same time, the main function of «soft power» is performed in latent form, when the influence of the state is not straightforward, but hidden.

Main directions of scientific research and implementation of modern information technologies in physical education and sports

In the modern information society, information and communication technologies are rapidly developing and are used in various spheres of human activity. Well-known experts believe that scientific, industrial, business and educational technologies, as well as arts and sports technologies, are based on information systems. Therefore, issues related to the use of modern information and communication technologies in physical culture and sports and further research of this problem are very relevant. The purpose of the study is to systematize the main directions of using modern information technologies in the field of physical culture and sports.
 It was established that the concept of «information system» can have a broad and narrow interpretation. In a broad sense, it covers the technical, software and organizational support and personnel created to provide users with the information they need. In a narrow sense, an information system is a collection of information contained in databases and providing its processing by information technologies and technical means.
 The analysis of literary sources showed that the use of information technologies is of great importance for improving the training process and achieving better results in sports. Scientists from different countries are actively developing programs and technologies for collecting and analyzing training data, using various tools for recording and analyzing biomechanical parameters and data visualization. Systems for testing the physical condition and working capacity of athletes are also being developed. The use of such technologies can contribute to the development of domestic information technology systems for sports and recreation. It has been established that in the field of physical culture and sports it is possible to use information systems in the following areas: managerial, organizational and research activities; maintenance of sports competitions; sports training and training of athletes; informational and methodological support and management of the educational process in educational institutions and sports organizations; health physical culture; monitoring of physical condition, health and environment; psychodiagnostics in sports.

Use of Information Technologies in Higher Education From The Aspect of Management

The development of modern information-communication technologies has enabled the development of electronic knowledge distribution channels that expand the effective level of general and specialist education. This trend is also present in higher education because higher education institutions and institutes increasingly rely on the use of modern information-communication technologies in their operations. The effects of the use of personal computers, the Internet and global social networks are multiple in the higher education system as well. In the process of acquiring new knowledge, developing creativity, as well as ensuring greater activity in the process of education, new learning technologies, with the use of multimedia systems, created the prerequisites for the engagement of all individual and collective resources. The most important source of the state’s competitive advantage is the ability to educate and retain highly educated personnel in the field of information technologies. From that aspect, the paper discusses information technologies as a scientific discipline and general conditions for education in the field of information technologies. The impact of technical and pedagogical changes on education in this area is analyzed with particular attention. It is known that information technologies are suitable for vocational education, and the modern environment sets specific requirements regarding the applicability of knowledge acquired in higher education institutions. The dynamic and turbulent market emphasizes the applicability of knowledge as a key requirement in the educational process. These short researches propose new educational modules that should structure teaching in the field of information technologies in accordance with the global demand in this sector. Every society strives for a more efficient and economical system of education, and therefore the issue of the use of new information technologies in education comes down to the problem of creating a theoretically ideal model of the use of these technologies at all levels of education and work.

Innovative Development and Practice of Digital Rural Governance Model Based on Green Ecology

Rural governance is an important issue that cannot be ignored in China’s modernization drive. It is not only related to the stability and development of grassroots society, but also to the rise and fall of a nation. The modernization and evolution of rural governance is the foundation of understanding rural social governance, and it is also an important part of current rural social management. Based on the simplification of the current rural traditional governance model, this paper conducts research on its innovative development based on the theory of green ecology. After more than 30 years of practice, the current rural governance model has greatly promoted the democratization of grassroots society. After profound adjustment and changes in the economic and social structure, the existing rural governance model is also faced with problems that urgently need to be solved. Rural grassroots informatization management takes the village as the center and uses modern information technology and communication technology for management. On the basis of the analysis, it can be concluded that the efficiency of rural information through digital display was as high as 60%, and the information could be conveyed to everyone more intuitively and clearly. The rural governance model would also receive a qualitative leap forward. Therefore, the work of rural governance has a long way to go. It is necessary to mobilize the masses, publicize to the masses, give full play to the enthusiasm and initiative of the masses, ensure that farmers exercise their right to participate in the environment according to the law, and implement a new model of government investment, joint participation among farmers, and the linkage of government and farmers, in order to promote rural ecological civilization, and promote the construction of beautiful countryside.

PRIVACY AND PROTECTION OF PERSONAL DATA – CRIMINAL LAW ASPECT

Currently, across the globe and on different levels, serious debates are held on the possibilities of modern information communication technologies (ICT), including the internet, as well as their undesirable consequences. To an ordinary person, the “new” way of communicating via the internet and mobile phone is at the same time easy, simple, quick, and essential – it has become a fact of their daily lives. Moreover, the modern age purports the internet as one of the critical means of communication. If used “properly”, it represents an abundance of information on nearly every topic and entails many opportunities. With a vast and varied amount of collected data, it easily negotiates the acquirement of new learning and the shaping of lifestyle. However, the use of modern technologies which constantly transform, at times even completely changing and automatising nearly all areas of human activity, has its dark, destructive, and devastating side. Within that perspective, life in a network becomes increasingly more susceptible to manipulation and abuse. And the list of abuses is long... from having these technologies abused as a database, to an assault on someone’s privacy, stalking, cyber-mobbing, peer violence, sexual harassment and violence, human trafficking, organ trafficking, etc. Thus, a stance is formed – the emergence of new technologies has significantly endangered the right to privacy. In recent years, the right to privacy has been mostly associated with personal data, so, in that regard – when speaking about privacy, it is nearly always done in the context of personal data processing. The right to privacy and personal data protection falls within basic human rights, so, being that it is a fundamental right of man and citizen, the baseline of its protection in our legislation is comprised within, above all, the Constitution, The Law of data protection and The Criminal Code (Art. 146. Unauthorized collection of personal data). As the title suggests, the criminal law aspect of privacy and protection of personal data provided for in Art. 143 of the CC is the focus of this paper. In this context, the author, first of all, embarked on an analysis of the current state of threats to the right to privacy as a prerequisite for action in the direction of its protection. Abandoning the general consideration of this type, the examination is then focused on concretely explaining the meaning and essence of the criminal act – unauthorized collection of personal data, the forms in which it manifests itself, the criminal responsibility and punishment of the person who committed this act. With the statement that this is a dynamically changing reality, some of the key problems and challenges in the application of appropriate mechanisms for the protection of the right to privacy in the Republic of Serbia (with a special emphasis on the year behind us) were highlighted.

Međunarodna praksa i modeli u primeni koncepta "pametni grad" i održivo društvo

This concept is a standard in urban planning and transformation of services (transport, healthcare, education, security, ecology), the main characteristic of which is digitization, i.e., the application of modern information communication technology. The citizens' adaptation to the modified conditions of the urban environment in which everyday problems are solved by technology leads to the formation of the so-called digital or smart nation, whose internal coherence and communication depend on the access to the Internet. This paper is aimed at describing key characteristics of smart cities and sustainable society, including practical examples of successfully transformed digital nations. The paper applies the content analysis technique and the historical-comparative analysis of the social digitization process.

The Effects of Information Communication Technology on Administrative Efficiency of Tamale Technical University

The aim of the study was to assess the effect of Information Communication Technology (ICT) on administrative efficiency using the Tamale Technical University (TaTU) as a study area. A descriptive quantitative design was adopted. The total population was stratified into teaching and non-teaching and samples were drawn from each stratum by the method of purposive sampling and a total of 214 respondents were arrived and used for this study. Structured questionnaire was used in collecting data. The study found that TaTU has deployed ICT in administrative functions to some extent even though the ICT logistics are still not available in offices for the administrative functions. The deployment of ICT at the administrative functions improves efficiency and effectiveness. The study however revealed: the lack of human resource management software as well as antivirus software; the lack of proper maintenance; inadequate budget allocations; lack of in-service trainings; using different brands of ICT logistics; and unstable internet connections are the challenges bedeviling the ICT deployment in the University. Standardized brands of modern ICT facilities need to be provided together with reliable internet facilities at all times to avoid unnecessary interruptions which affect efficiency. The maintenance culture of the ICT logistics should also be improved and training of in-service personnel on the usage of the ICT facilities to help ensure their efficient utilization in the University.

Farmers Perception of Access and Use of Modern Information Communication Technologies in Enhancing Smallholder Tea Production in Kakamega County, Kenya

The smallholder tea sector in Kenya forms the second-largest agricultural exporter after horticulture, contributing 4 percent to the Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Modern communication technologies (MCTS) are key in supporting production, processing and marketing across the tea sector value chain. Despite the availability of all these technologies, their access and use by smallholder tea farmers for production and tea auction price monitoring are still minimal. Further, farmers’ perception of access and use of modern communication technologies is not well known. The objective of this study was to evaluate smallholder farmers’ perceptions on access and use of modern communication technologies in enhancing tea production in Shinyalu subcounty.The study was anchored on diffusion of innovation that emphasizes on the five attributes of an innovation. The study evaluated the farmers’ perception of access and use of MCTs. The study adopted a descriptive research design where fisher’s formula was used to get 162 out of 1,600 smallholder tea farmers who were systematically sampled and interviewed. Data were collected using semi-structured questionnaires. Likert perception test scale was also used test perception statements. The data was cleaned and analyzed in form of frequencies and percentages and chi-square The results established that majority of the tea farmers (36%) had acquired basic literacy levels of education to use modern technologies in tea production. It also established that modern technologies such as smartcard technology 78%, mobile phone text messages 62% and personal digital assistants 61% were the most essential tools for enhancing access to farm inputs, market information and tea management information. However, extension agents 61% played a complementary role in unpacking and linking modern tea technologies from the source to farmers. A positive association was revealed between farmers’ literacy level and the use of MCTs, which influenced access to MCT. The study, recommended re-tooling agricultural information dissemination agents and farmers on the existing MCT to enhance effective communication, promoting tea production yields and accessing market information.

Use of modern information communication technology to enable real-time consultation between primary and specialty care providers

The use of information communication technology to enable specialist allergy and immunology (AI) consultation via telemedicine with the patient has expanded significantly during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic,1 with patient outcomes and perceptions positive for most information communication technology–enabled consultations.2

Revisiting digital twins: Origins, fundamentals, and practices

The digital twins (DT) has quickly become a hot topic since it was proposed. It appears in all kinds of commercial propaganda and is widely quoted by academic circles. However, the term DT has misstatements and is misused in business and academics. This study revisits DT and defines it to be a more advanced system/product/service modeling and simulation environment that combines most modern information communication technologies (ICTs) and engineering mechanism digitization and characterized by system/product/service life cycle management, physically geometric visualization, real-time sensing and measurement of system operating conditions, predictability of system performance/safety/lifespan, and complete engineering mechanisms-based simulations. The idea of DT originates from modeling and simulation practices of engineering informatization, including virtual manufacturing (VM), model predictive control, and building information modeling (BIM). On the basis of the two-element VM model, we propose a three-element model to represent DT. DT does not have its unique technical characteristics. The existing practices of DT are extensions of the engineering informatization embracing modern ICTs. These insights clarify the origin of DT and its technical essentials.

Technology A New Dimension of Life Style During Covid-19

The human being along with all living things shows movement. There are so many activities done by human being; but COVID-19 stopped their all types work. COVID-19 has stopped their all type work and force stay at home. In Such all world's human being are doing Yoga for healthy and fit. There are human being have changed their living style during COVID-19 in the world. Another part of the world's human being is adapting technology; which is very important practical for future as a new concept in human life. In this research article qualitative research methods and content analysis have been used to published and broadcast from websites, news channel, and reports which described on information technology, artificial intelligence, and related from human being life. During lockdown period, the finding of this research article that the technological innovation are undergoing process of online education, observation, artificial intelligence and others are changing life's in a new dimension. This research article described how our life is becoming based on the most modern information communication technology in the Corona period. Every kind of new systems related to information communication and technology are bound to be used in our lives.

Reinforcing the Role of ICT in Enhancing Teaching and Learning Post-COVID-19 in Tertiary Institutions in South Africa

The use of Information Communication Technology (ICT) in higher education is becoming more and more prevalent with the over-proliferation of technological development we find ourselves in. The educational landscape in South African tertiary institutions has been affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, resulting in increased use of ICT. In turn, this has transformed these institutions' teaching, learning, and research. Central to this transformation has been challenges facing both teachers and administrators, including the need for a great demonstration of the value of ICT through improved output on teaching, learning and research. This paper examines the use of ICT in enhancing teaching and learning in South African tertiary institutions during and post COVID-19. Using an extensive secondary review approach, the report observes that ICT has been widely embraced in tertiary institutions during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown. However, a minority of students and lecturers still lack the technological expertise to utilise modern technologies. In addition, limited funding in some rural universities hinders the purchasing of modern ICT equipment to support teaching and learning in tertiary institutions. The paper recommends increasing the value of ICT usage in the teaching and learning process post-COVID-19. Regular workshops and in-service training of both teaching staff, students and administrators in pedagogical issues and administration should be increased.

Гібридна стратегія навчання: теорія та практика використання.

The National doctrine for the development of education provides for the active introduction of modern information-communication technologies (hereinafter referred to as ICT), which could ensure further improvement of the educational process and contribute to improving efficiency. The use of ICT in the educational process is no longer a fashionable innovation, but a vital need. At this, the experience of complete transition to online learning has revealed a number of considerable shortcomings that significantly reduce the effectiveness of the educational process. That is why the purpose of the article is to study the digitalization of the educational process, to define the optimal ratio of the use of ICT in the educational environment to achieve the greatest effect that can be expressed in the creation and use of a hybrid learning strategy, as well as to demonstrate successful practical experience on the example of a business organization. For the study of the identified problems and solving the set goal, methods of analysis and synthesis, systematization, scientific abstraction, comparison and generalization were used. In the course of research, it was found that the digital transformation of education is an integral part of its development and consists in the introduction and use of ICT-based electronic digital devices in the educational process. Still, a full-fledged transition to an online education system for Ukrainian educational institutions is currently impossible, since it is necessary to take into account the factors of digital skills of teachers and students, the availability of technical equipment, tools and support technologies that require significant improvement. Therefore in order to ensure maximum efficiency of the educational process, it is advisable to apply and expand the boundaries of the use of a hybrid learning system that combines traditional and online learning in the proportions necessary for a particular group of students. The hybrid learning system eliminates the shortcomings that can arise when using either only classroom-based or only e-learning. Also a significant advantage of the hybrid learning system is that it can be applied in various forms, adapting to the requirements of a particular student. The hybrid learning system is already successfully used in business organizations, for example, at the Academy of Corporate Education of the Ukrainian company «DniproM», but in the State-owned educational institutions such a system is still not widespread, which is the basis for further scientific research

Maqaṣid Al-Syari’ah: Teori Dan Aplikasi Dalam Istinbaṭh Hukum Islam

In the era of digitalization of science and modern information-communication technology, the tradition of legal thought (at-turas) among Islamic legal methodological thinkers (uṣuliyyin) is increasingly developing in the context of extracting law (istinbaṭ al-ahkam). However, the thinking of legal methodology itself is considered by them to have a crisis of methodology in addition to a crisis of paradigm. Meanwhile, various contemporary legal cases (al-waqi'iyyah al-mu'asirah) continue to emerge that demand statutory legal certainty. Even the substance of the methodology of Islamic law (uṣul al-fiqh) is considered by a minority, many of which are no longer relevant to the needs of this modern era. Therefore, as a problem solving to overcome this methodological crisis, the alternative is to rely on maqaṣid asy-syari'ah, both as a doctrine and as a method of ijtihad. Because in its application it is not only based on religious texts (al-Qur'ān and sunnah), but searches and excavations behind the text in an effort to determine and determine legal certainty in every case that occurs. Such application and implementation has been, is being and continues to be developed by contemporary Islamic legal methodological thinkers.

Internal Factors Influencing Service Delivery in the County Government of Kitui, Kenya

Kenya adopted devolved administration in 2013 with an aim of improving efficiency in delivery of government services to citizens. Since the introduction of devolution, County governments have witnessed management and administration challenges in public service due to increased demand and expectations from the citizens. For effective service delivery, County governments develop a service delivery framework which is guided by the County Administration through public participation. The objective of the study was to determine the extent to which leadership style and resource allocation influenced service delivery in the County Government of Kitui. The study adopted a descriptive research design with a population of 303 respondents. Stratified random and simple random sampling methods were used to establish the study sample of 91 respondents. The study was based on primary data which was both qualitative and quantitative in nature. Data was collected through questionnaires and analyzed using SPSS version 22 and presented in the form of tables. The study established that leadership style and resource allocation significantly affected the quality-of-service delivery. The study concluded that the County government has adopted a working leadership style and employed relevant strategy in allocating the available resources for effective service delivery. The study recommends that: The County management should adopt modern leadership styles and implement efficient Information Communication Technologies to enhance service delivery. The study further recommends for better planning procedures to maximize utilization of the available resources.

Current innovative trends in the CIS national libraries

The findings of the study of the development strategies of the CIS na-tional libraries with the reference to the national specifics of the innovative ac-tivities are presented. The goal of the study is to facilitate the cooperation of the libraries within the Commonwealth of Independent States. The analyzed vast em-pirical data is based on expert assessments, consultation papers, publications in periodicals, reports and the libraries’ websites. Sociological and statistical me-thods and comparative analysis were applied. The major problem the national libraries are facing is due to their different degree of digitalization. Based on the empirical data analysis, the major trends were revealed: the key projects are aimed at providing online access to the possibly most complete collections of the CIS national libraries. The current data provided in the paper are predominantly about technological innovations. The CIS national libraries are focused on the programs of e-libraries including national electronic libraries (NELs); projects of global academic Open Access, and structural transformations (designing virtual reading rooms, digital resources sections, book museums, etc.), and educational projects. Innovations have been the strategic priority of the CIS national libraries. Implementing modern information communication technologies facilitates buil-ding common library and information space of the CIS states, while innovative activities enables sharing plans and projects for the CIS national libraries.