Modern Technology Research Articles

Понимание подростками электронного учебного гипертекста (в сравнении с печатным гипертекстом)

<p>The article presents the results of a study comparing reading and understanding of two identical versions of educational hypertext – electronic and printed. The relevance of the work is determined by the important role of hypertext structures in the system of modern digital technologies, the need to teach schoolchildren effective strategies for navigation, search and analysis of hypertext information. The study involved 108 students in grades 7-8 of secondary schools in Moscow and the Moscow region. A specially designed educational hypertext of humanitarian content was used as a stimulus material. A comparative analysis of electronic and printed hypertext was carried out according to the following parameters: understanding of the general content of the text, understanding of conceptual and factual information. It was found that students who worked with electronic hypertext coped with the diagnostic test in general and with understanding factual information in particular significantly better (p <0.05) than those who worked with the paper version. Conceptual information understanding was also more successful when reading from the screen, although the differences were insignificant (p>0.05). However, regardless of the reading format, most students demonstrated superficial comprehension: only 9.7% of them were able to fully correctly understand and formulate the main idea of ​​the text, and about half (50.5%) failed to complete the task. The data obtained allow us to conclude that, although working with hypertext is more successful in a digital environment, the prevalence of incomplete and inaccurate understanding indicates the need for special regular work in schools to teach students effective strategies for interacting with hypertext both from screens and from paper.</p>

Implementation and Experimental Application of Industrial IoT Architecture Using Automation and IoT Hardware/Software

The paradigms of Industry 4.0 and Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) require functional architectures to deploy and organize hardware and software taking advantage of modern digital technologies in industrial systems. In this sense, a lot of the literature proposes and describes this type of architecture with a conceptual angle, without providing experimental validation or with scarce details about the involved equipment under real operation. Aiming at overcoming these limitations, this paper presents the experimental application of an IIoT architecture divided into four functional layers, namely, Sensing, Network, Middleware and Application layers. Automation and IoT hardware and software are used to implement and apply the architecture. Special attention is put on the software Grafana, chosen in the top layer to deploy graphical user interfaces that are remotely accessible via web. A pilot microgrid integrating photovoltaic energy and hydrogen served as scenario to test and prove the suitability of the architecture in four application cases.

Insights into the Genomic Background of Nine Common Chinese Medicinal Plants by Flow Cytometry and Genome Survey

Medicinal plants have long played a crucial role in healthcare systems, but limited genomic information on these species has impeded the integration of modern biological technologies into medicinal plant research. In this study, we selected nine common medicinal plants, each belonging to a different plant family, including Sarcandra glabra (Chloranthaceae), Nekemias grossedentata (Vitaceae), Uraria crinita (Fabaceae), Gynostemma pentaphyllum (Cucurbitaceae), Reynoutria japonica (Polygonaceae), Pseudostellaria heterophylla (Caryophyllaceae), Morinda officinalis (Rubiaceae), Vitex rotundifolia (Lamiaceae), and Gynura formosana (Asteraceae), to estimate their genome sizes and conduct preliminary genomic surveys. The estimated genome sizes by flow cytometry were 3.66 Gb, 0.65 Gb, 0.58 Gb, 1.02 Gb, 3.96 Gb, 2.99 Gb, 0.43 Gb, 0.78 Gb, and 7.27 Gb, respectively. The genome sizes of M. officinalis, R. japonica, and G. pentaphyllum have been previously reported. Comparative analyses suggest that variations in genome size may arise due to differences in measurement methods and sample sources. Therefore, employing multiple approaches to assess genome size is necessary to provide more reliable information for further genomic research. Based on the genome survey, species with considerable genome size variation or polyploidy, such as G. pentaphyllum, should undergo a ploidy analysis in conjunction with population genomics studies to elucidate the development of the diversified genome size. Additionally, a genome survey of U. crinita, a medicinal plant with a relatively small genome size (509.08 Mb) and of considerable interest in southern China, revealed a low heterozygosity rate (0.382%) and moderate repeat content (51.24%). Given the limited research costs, this species represents a suitable candidate for further genomic studies on Leguminous medicinal plants characteristic of southern China. This foundational genomic information will serve as a critical reference for the sustainable development and utilization of these medicinal plants.

Competitive Advantages in the Aerospace Industry: Current Information Technologies

This article focuses on analysing how the strategic application of modern information technology (IT) serves as a driving force for achieving and maintaining a competitive edge within the airline industry. In response to the growing digital landscape, airlines are leveraging advanced IT solutions to streamline operations, drive innovation, and enhance overall performance. By conducting an in-depth review of existing literature, examining case studies, and engaging with industry experts, the study seeks to uncover critical IT trends and their influence on competitive positioning in aviation. Additionally, it aims to address the challenges and opportunities of IT integration, offering practical guidance for industry professionals to manage the complexities of digital transformation effectively. IT is viewed as a pivotal factor in advancing productivity, with its extensive application playing a crucial role in optimizing production resources and strategic assets. This fosters the ongoing modernization of traditional industries, while also boosting societal productivity and operational efficiency.

Advances in Biomass and Microbial Lipids Production: Trends and Prospects

Biotechnology is increasingly being used as a tool to replace traditional production methods due to concerns about the increasing damage caused by global warming. Bacteria, yeasts, fungi, and microalgae are microorganisms able to transform residues into value-added bioproducts. They produce microbial biomass that can result in the production of several products, such as biofuels, microbial proteins, fatty acids, bioactive polysaccharides, carotenoids, industrial enzymes, polyhydroxyalkanoates, and biofertilizers, among others. To improve microbial biomass and lipid yield, modern genetic engineering techniques can be applied as a way of optimizing processes and conditions. This review aims to explore the latest trends and technological advances in microbial biomass and lipid production, including optimization strategies for cultivation conditions and the use of genetic engineering to enhance yields and efficiency. It also discusses the challenges and future prospects for scaling up production for industrial applications. The potential of microbial lipids to contribute to a sustainable bioeconomy, as well as their applications in renewable energy and food industries, underscores their importance in a world increasingly seeking alternatives to fossil fuel dependence and unsustainable agricultural practices.

Research on the Development of Folk Music in Music Education of Higher Education

This study examines the development of ethnic music education in Chinese higher education, focusing on its current status, challenges, and strategies for improvement. It underscores the importance of ethnic music education in preserving cultural heritage, enhancing musical literacy, and promoting multicultural understanding. Through an analysis of curricula, teaching methods, faculty development, technology integration, and campus cultural activities, the study suggests a comprehensive approach to strengthening ethnic music programs. Key findings include the need for curricula that balance theory and practice, innovative teaching methods (e.g., the master-apprentice model and immersive technologies), and a faculty skilled in both academia and traditional music. The study also highlights the role of modern technology in preserving and sharing ethnic music, as well as the value of diverse campus activities to boost student engagement and cultural awareness. Challenges include curriculum standardization, maintaining authenticity in modern education, and resource limitations. The study concludes that overcoming these challenges requires collaboration between educational institutions, policymakers, and cultural practitioners. Implementing the proposed strategies will help preserve and evolve China’s ethnic musical traditions while preparing students for a globalized cultural landscape.

Optimization of Weight Reduction in Power Transmission Systems Using Bio-Inspired Algorithms and Composite Materials

Traditional optimization approaches for power transmission systems often optimize gear and shaft designs separately, rely on conventional materials, and face challenges handling mixed-variable problems involving discrete and continuous variables. These limitations hinder the potential for significant weight reduction and performance improvements in modern mechanical systems. This research presents an innovative optimization approach for reducing the gear pitch in a power transmission system comprising a shaft with two gears. By employing bio-inspired metaheuristic algorithms and utilizing materials common in additive manufacturing and composite materials, the study aims to minimize system weight while ensuring mechanical integrity. The optimization integrates gear and shaft design variables, accurately models mechanical constraints through penalty functions, and leverages the unique properties of advanced materials to enhance performance. In this work, we developed an integrated optimization model that overcomes the limitations of previous studies by combining advanced materials with bio-inspired algorithms to achieve significant weight reduction in gear systems. This approach effectively addresses the complexities of mixed-variable optimization and mechanical constraints, providing a practical and innovative solution for modern engineering applications.

Digital and technological modernization of the world's largest West Siberian oil and gas production center

The article examines the results of digital and technological modernization of the oil and gas industry within the framework of the state program "Digital Economy 2017-2024" in the implementation of measures proposed by academic institutes of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the basis of a comprehensive scientific and technical program of a full innovation cycle, as well as the potential of exploratory and applied research to prepare a new state program "Data Economy" for the period up to 2030 of the year. The activities are a set of interrelated scientific, technical, digital solutions and innovative technologies that ensure the achievement of goals, developed with the leading participation of the Institute of Oil and Gas Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences and the Institute of Oil and Gas Geology and Geophysics named after. A. A. Trofimuk SB RAS, program “Digital and technological modernization of the world’s largest West Siberian oil and gas production center.” The main goal of scientific research for the oil and gas economy of big geodata is the creation and implementation of digital modeling technologies, the development of ecosystems, computing platforms and digital twins of oil and gas assets, and the transportation of hydrocarbons to existing and newly created petrochemical clusters in order to develop the domestic market for their complete processing into products with high added value and strengthening the digital leadership of Russian energy companies. The key factor hindering the innovative development of the Russian oil and gas complex is the lack of high-performance computing systems. The main oil and gas tasks that require the involvement of supercomputers with peta- and exascale performance levels (1015 and 1018 floating point operations per second, respectively) include the tasks of managing the “digital ecosystem” of the world’s largest West Siberian oil and gas production center and unique oil and gas fields in the real time. The development of the digital ecosystem is proposed to be formed on the basis of platform solutions and comprehensive scientific and technical programs and projects of a full innovation cycle. The main problems in the sphere of creating a digital energy economy of big data have been identified: an acute shortage of personnel with digital competencies in the field of oil and gas production, specialists in opticalization, multisensorization, supercomputing, cybersecurity and petrorobotics.

Endovascular Repair of Spontaneous Rupture of Stent Graft Branch in Thoracoabdominal Aortic Aneurysm—Management, Case Study, and Review

Background: Stent-graft implantation is a widely recognized method for endovascular treatment of aortic aneurysms. In cases where the aneurysm involves the thoracic and abdominal aorta, repair including fenestrated and branched stent grafts provides a viable alternative. This approach, initially reserved for patients unsuitable for open surgery, has become preferred for anatomically appropriate thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysms. The Zenith t-Branch system has been extensively studied, demonstrating high technical success rates and acceptable mortality and morbidity. However, complications such as endoleaks, kinking, and stent-graft branch rupture remain significant challenges. Methods: We present the case of an 82-year-old male with a thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm treated with endovascular aneurysm repair using the Zenith t-Branch. Four years post-implantation, he developed a spontaneous rupture of the stent-graft branch, leading to dangerous leakage and aneurysm sac enlargement. An urgent surgical intervention was performed, implanting additional Be-Graft into the damaged branch, restoring stent-graft continuity and revascularizing the superior mesenteric artery. Results: The procedure was completed successfully. We conducted a review of the latest literature on endovascular treatment of thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysms with particular emphasis on the possibility of repairing postoperative complications, especially endoleaks. Conclusions: While modern technologies have significantly improved outcomes, serious complications persist. Studies emphasize the importance of regular imaging follow-up for early complication detection and management. Continuous advancements in stent-graft technology aim to reduce complications further and improve outcomes. This case underscores the necessity of experienced operators in managing complex and rare complications and highlights the promising future of endovascular techniques in treating thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysms.

Islamic Child Parenting Practices and Muslim Family Resilience in Southeast Asia: A Systematic Literature Review

Purpose – This study explores the integration of Islamic values in child parenting practices and its impact on family resilience within Muslim families in Southeast Asia. The necessity of this research arises from the increasing interest in how religious teachings influence family dynamics and child development, providing a unique perspective on parenting in diverse cultural contexts. Design/methods/approach – A systematic literature review methodology adhered to the PRISMA guidelines. Databases such as Scopus, Google Scholar, Emerald, PubMed, Taylor & Francis, Springer, and Semantic Scholar were searched using specific keywords related to Islamic parenting and family resilience in Southeast Asia. The study included peer-reviewed empirical research published between 2000 and 2024. From the results of the article selection, 39 articles were narrowed down and analysed to reveal various critical aspects of the research theme. Thematic analysis was conducted to identify, analyse, and report themes within the data. Findings – The review identified that integrating Islamic values into parenting practices significantly enhances family resilience, promotes interfaith tolerance, and supports children's moral development. Key themes included the implementation of wasatiyyah (moderation), character education based on Islamic teachings, and the role of community and cultural integration in parenting. However, challenges such as balancing cultural influences and addressing special needs within the context of Islamic parenting were also highlighted. Research implications/limitations – The study's limitations include the diverse cultural backgrounds of the families studied and the reliance on existing literature, which may affect the generalizability of the findings. Future research should consider longitudinal studies and examine the role of community support, religious institutions, and modern technology in parenting. Practical implications – This study provides valuable insights into the role of Islamic values in enhancing family resilience among Muslim families in Southeast Asia. It highlights the importance of religious teachings in shaping parenting practices and offers recommendations for future research and practical applications. Originality/value – This is your opportunity to provide readers with an analysis of the value of your results. It is a good idea to ask colleagues whether your analysis is balanced and fair, and again, it is essential not to exaggerate. You can also conjecture what future research steps could be. Paper type Literature review

Analisis Manajemen Produksi Pertanian Hidroponik Berbasis IoT (Internet of Things) di Wisata Edukasi Arjuna Farm Kecamatan Tamansari Kota Tasikmalaya

The tourism sector in Indonesia is growing rapidly thanks to the abundant natural, social, cultural and regional potential. One educational tourist attraction that is currently developing is Arjuna Farm in Tasikmalaya City, which offers the concept of integrating the agricultural and fisheries sectors with the application of IoT (Internet of Things) technology. This research aims to analyze the application of IoT technology to support hydroponic production management at Arjuna Farm, especially in increasing the effectiveness, efficiency and quality of agricultural products. The research used a case study approach with a qualitative descriptive method, involving direct observation, in-depth interviews with the main managers (Mr. Andi and Mrs. Selvi), as well as analysis of secondary data from various literary sources. The research location was chosen by purposive sampling, located at Jalan Situ Cibereum, Tamanjaya, Tamansari, Tasikmalaya City, during November 2024. The research results show that POAC (Planning, Organizing, Actuating and Controlling) based management is implemented well, supported by IoT systems such as automatic watering, drip irrigation. This technology enables efficient and real-time production management, thereby maintaining the quality and sustainability of harvests, as well as increasing the attractiveness of Arjuna Farm as an educational tourist attraction based on modern technology.

GeTe/Sb2Te3 Super‐Lattices: Impact of Atomic Structure on the RESET Current of Phase‐Change Memory Devices

AbstractPhase change memories (PCMs) are at the heart of modern memory technology, offering multi‐level storage, fast read/write operations, and non‐volatility, bridging the gap between volatile DRAM and non‐volatile Flash. The reversible transition between amorphous and crystalline states of phase‐change materials such as GeTe or Ge2Sb2Te5 is at the basis of PCM devices. Despite their importance, PCM devices face challenges including high power consumption during the RESET operation. Current research efforts focus on improving device architecture and exploring alternative phase‐change materials such as GeTe/Sb2Te3 super‐lattices (SLs), for which a reduced programming power consumption is observed compared with standard PCMs. Herein, by combining X‐ray diffraction and scanning transmission electron microscopy imaging of SL thin films with the study of the same SL in PCM devices, it is shown that it is possible to significantly decrease RESET energy of the device, without modifying the SL composition, by reducing the amount of structural defects through annealing treatment. The best device properties are obtained after transforming the SL into a defect‐free, highly out‐of‐plane oriented rhombohedral phase. These results offer a promising avenue for further improving the performance of SL‐based PCM devices through structural optimization.

Local chemical heterogeneity enabled superior zero thermal expansion in nonstoichiometric pyrochlore magnets

Abstract Design of zero thermal expansion (ZTE) materials is urgently required as dimension stable component in widespread modern high-precision technologies. Local chemical order has been of great importance in engineering advanced inorganic materials, but its role in optimizing the ZTE is often overlooked. Herein, we propose local composition heterogeneity for developing superior ZTE via a nonstoichiometric strategy. A remarkably low coefficient of thermal expansion of αa = +1.07 × 10−6 K−1 is achieved from 3 to 440 K in a quaternary Zr-Nb-Fe-Co pyrochlore magnet, which is the widest temperature range among known cubic ZTE metals. High-resolution synchrotron X-ray diffraction and magnetisation measurements reveal that all the Bragg peaks split as resulting from two cubic phases with different magnetic orders. Scanning transmission electron microscopy, Mössbauer spectroscopy and theoretical calculations indicate that such phase separation intimately derive from excess Co dopant preferentially clustering on the Fe pyrochlore-lattice (16d) and simultaneously yielding an antisite Fe on Zr/Nb sublattice (8a). The Co content in pyrochlore-lattice has weaker exchange interactions than that of Fe, but the antisite Fe introduces extra positive exchange interactions between 8a-16d site. Local composition fluctuation of Co and Fe thus affects interplanar ferromagnetic order of pyrochlore-lattice and balances the normal phonon effect successively on heating. Superior corrosion resistance to both acid and alkaline conditions merits potential applications of the present ZTE metal.

EFFICIENCY OF USE CHARACTERISTICS OF DAMPING OF TURBINE BLADES FOR CRACK DIAGNOSTICS

During operation, turbine blades are subjected to intense mechanical (static and dynamic) and thermal loads in a corrosive and aggressive environment. The consequence of such loading is the gradual accumulation of diffuse fatigue damage, which eventually becomes localized as a fatigue crack. When the crack reaches a critical size, there is a danger of blade destruction with catastrophic consequences for the entire turbine. Timely detection of blade damage is possible at the stage of turbine repair using vibration diagnostics. The purpose of the work is to create an analytical approach that allows modeling the change in the vibration damping characteristics of a turbine blade with a fatigue crack, as well as the study of the influence of the crack parameters and the geometric parameters of the blade on the vibration damping characteristics of the blade to assess the effectiveness of vibration diagnostics of damage. The results of the study of the effect of a surface transverse crack on the damping characteristics of turbine blade oscillations are presented. As a result of the experimental and analytical study, the effect of the crack parameters (size and location of the crack) and the geometric parameters of the blade on the damping characteristics of blade vibrations was established. Vibration diagnostic of turbine blades, based on a change in the damping characteristics of its vibrations, is a sufficiently effective diagnostic feature for detecting relatively small cracks, the size of which does not pose a threat to the integrity of the blades. Given that the materials used for the manufacture of modern steam turbines and gas turbine engines have a rather low damping capacity, the use of changes in the damping characteristics of blade oscillations as a vibration diagnostic sign of damage is promising. Further work involves the study of the effect of cracks that appear on the edges of the blades on the damping characteristics of blade vibrations

Preservation Wayang Timplong in Nganjuk District Indonesia

This research explores the conditions and conservation efforts of Wayang Timplong in Nganjuk district. Despite its high cultural value, the Timplong style is less in demand than the leather style. The research mapped Wayang Timplong ‘s existence, identified the problems faced, and suggested conservation strategies. Interviews with three of them showed that the lack of innovation and support is a major challenge. Educational and promotional efforts are needed to attract the interest of the younger generation and ensure the sustainability of the Wayang Timplong in the future. In addition, the study also aims to identify concrete steps that can be taken by governments, cultural communities, and the general public in support of Wayang Timplong conservation efforts. With a holistic approach that includes education, training, and the use of modern technology, Wayang Timplong is expected to return to the demand of the wider public, especially the younger generation. The findings of this research are expected to make a significant contribution to the strategy of preserving traditional cultural art in Indonesia, as well as to form the basis for more effective policy adoption in support of the sustainability of Wayang Timplong and other traditional performing arts.

The Potential Impact of the European Green Deal on Farm Production in Poland

The proposed changes in the European Green Deal require the restructuring of the agricultural sector throughout the European Union. Particularly crucial for the agri-food industry are “From Farm to Fork” strategies and new legislation “for biodiversity,” which are an integral part of the European Green Deal. From an environmental perspective, changes are required immediately, but at the same time, they may reduce agricultural production in Poland. Therefore, this study aims to assess the potential consequences of implementing the European Green Deal principles on Polish agriculture’s productivity. The study is based on two key assumptions which involve a 50% reduction in the use of plant protection products and a 20% reduction in fertilisation. The conducted analyses rely on data from the Farm Accountancy Data Network (FADN). The results were obtained by constructing a panel regression model for farms of different economic sizes. Although the most significant reduction in production value may concern the largest farms (using the most fertilisers and plant protection products), the smallest farms may experience the most critical difficulties. The potential decline in crop production in Polish agriculture could be stopped by implementing modern technologies enabling the development of precision and digital agriculture 4.0.

A Machine-Learning-Based and IoT-Enabled Robot Swarm System for Pipeline Crack Detection

In today’s expanding cities, pipeline networks are becoming an essential part of the industrial infrastructure. Monitoring these pipelines autonomously is becoming increasingly important. Inspecting pipelines for cracks is one specific task that poses a huge burden on humans. Undetected cracks may pose multi-dimensional risks. In this paper, we introduce the Pipeline Leak Identification Emergency Robot Swarm (PLIERS) system, an industrial system that deploys Internet-of-Things (IoT), robotics, and neural network technologies to detect cracks in emptied water and sewage pipelines. In PLIERS, a swarm of robots inspect emptied pipelines from the inside to detect cracks, collect images of them, and register their locations. When the images are taken, they are fed into a cloud-based module for analysis by a convolutional neural network (CNN). The CNN is used to detect cracks and identify their severity. Through extensive training and testing, the CNN model performance showed promising scores for accuracy (between 80% and 90%), recall (at least 95%), precision (at least 95%), and F1 (at least 96%). Additionally, through the careful design of a prototype for a water/sewage pipeline structure with several types of cracks, the robots used managed to exchange information among themselves and convey crack images to the cloud-based server for further analysis. PLIERS is a system that deploys modern technologies to detect and recognize cracks in pipeline grids. It adds to the efforts of improving instrumentation and measurement approaches by using robots, sensory, IoT principles, and the efficient analysis of CNNs.

Demographic Challenges for the Tourism Industry: The Future of Seniors’ Activities—A Case Study of Poland

The increasing number of elderly tourists requires adapting tourism services to address their specific health and comfort needs, which presents a new challenge for the industry. The aim of this study is to check the readiness of the tourism sector for demographic changes, to identify the characteristics of seniors that should be taken into account when constructing tourist offers, and to learn about the reasons for non-participation in tourism by different age groups. The study used data from a survey conducted among Polish companies from the tourism sector and data from Statistics Poland regarding the travelling habits of Polish people. Correspondence analysis and Sequence, Association and Link Analysis (SAL) were used. The surveyed companies from the tourism sector have noticed demographic changes related to the ageing of the population and are actively responding to these changes. The most important factors influencing the construction of offers for seniors are health and mobility issues and problems with modern technology. Seniors give up tourism mainly because they prefer to stay at home followed by health or mobility issues.

The use of digital technologies in assessing the technical condition of historic structures

This article explores the use of modern digital technologies, such as 3D scanning and photogrammetry, in assessing the technical condition of historic structures. It compares traditional and digital inventory methods, emphasising the advantages of the latter in the precise and rapid acquisition of spatial data. Three types of laser scanning are described – simplified, handheld, and stationary – along with their applications in monument documentation. Case studies are presented where digital technologies were applied to the analysis and conservation of structures such as the ruins of Melsztyn Castle, Czersk Castle, the historic brickworks in Izbica, and the Juliusz Osterwa Theatre in Lublin. The findings demonstrate that these technologies enhance inventory accuracy, enable the detection of damage invisible to the naked eye, and save time and resources. Challenges related to processing large volumes of data and the need for specialised knowledge and standards are also discussed. In conclusion, the application of digital technologies in cultural heritage protection offers significant benefits and is invaluable for preserving monuments for future generations.

Musealisation of architectural heritage for sustainable and inclusive tourism. The Yonghe Temple. Beijing

Architectural heritage is one of the best testaments to the history of civilizations, embodying multidisciplinary values that should be shared through diverse cultural offerings. To achieve this, it is crucial to select engaging themes and develop museological materials that enhance understanding and appreciation of such sites. Equally important is leveraging modern dissemination technologies to reach diverse audiences effectively. The Falun Hall of the Yonghe Temple in Beijing exemplifies this approach. By analyzing its architectural elements, materials, and decorations, specific content can be created to enrich visitors’ experiences while promoting appreciation, dissemination, and conservation. The growth of global cultural tourism underscores the importance of sustainable practices that add touristic value, educate visitors, and align with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) without compromising heritage integrity. Virtual Reality (VR) offers transformative opportunities for heritage preservation. Digital models of historicalbuildings ensure their preservation for future generations, facilitating global access and overcoming physical barriers. Additionally, branding and commercial products tied to such monuments can enhance their tourist appeal and support conservation efforts. This study emphasizes the potential of these strategies in fostering sustainable cultural tourism and preserving architectural heritage.