Modern Editions Research Articles

The Many Lives of Darwin’s Letters

The Correspondence of Charles Darwin will be completed in 2022. This essay looks briefly at the history of editing Darwin and compares the modern edition with the Victorian practice of narrating an exemplary life through letters, with commemorative volumes produced by a family member or friend and private material carefully selected to document personal character. How is a scientific life composed? What kind of character is expressed in scientific work?

Los cautivos de Argel

Los cautivos de Argel

Texts, Manuscripts, Versions, Canon

Texts, Manuscripts, Versions, Canon Christopher T. Begg, Timothy M. Willis, Joseph E. Jensen, Richard A. Taylor, William J. Urbrock, and Fred W. Guyette Christopher T. Begg Catholic University of America Timothy M. Willis Pepperdine University Joseph E. Jensen Old Testament Abstracts Richard A. Taylor Dallas Theological Seminary William J. Urbrock University of Wisconsin Oshkosh Fred W. Guyette Erskine College and Seminary 1023. [1 Samuel 1 and Samuel's Status as a Nazirite] Anneli Aejmelaeus, "Was Samuel Meant to Be a Nazirite? The First Chapter of Samuel and the Paradigm Shift in Textual Study of the Hebrew Bible," Text 28 (1, 2019) 1-20. My article aims to demonstrate the urgency of a new methodological thinking through the analysis of a particular biblical passage, i.e., 1 Samuel 1. Its main focus is on two segments of the text, vv. 11 and 22-23 in which Hannah articulates her vow. Was that vow originally meant as a Nazirite vow on behalf of an unborn child? My analysis leads to the identification of an editorial reworking, esp. in MT, and to a lesser extent in 4QSama, whereas the Septuagint mainly represents an older Hebrew Vorlage, which is often in agreement with 4QSama. The series of changes concerning Hannah's vow in MT seems to have been prompted by halakic considerations. The fact that the textual evidence shows itself to be revelatory of processes at work during the editorial history of the text makes it clear that the border-line between the so-called "lower" and "higher" criticism no longer exists. The paradigm shift after the Qumran discoveries thus entails a paradigm shift for historical-critical methodology as well. [Adapted from published abstract—C.T.B.] Google Scholar 1024. [Latin Versions of the Bible] Jesús Ma Aguiñaga Fernández, "Versiones latinas de la Biblia," EfMex 38 (2020) 262-93. A.'s article highlights the point that the Latin translation of the Bible exists in several distinct versions, the Vetus Latina, the Vulgata of Jerome and the so-called Neo Vulgata. In the course of his article, A. provides characterizations of each of these versions and compares them with each other. In the case of the Vulgate, he presents samples of Jerome's renderings of the Gospels and the Psalms. See also #1083. [Adapted from published abstract—C.T.B.] Google Scholar 1025. [The Göttingen Septuagint] Felix Albrecht, "Report on the Göttingen Septuagint," Text 29 (2, 2020) 201-20. This article provides a brief history of the Göttingen Septuagint Editions up to 2019 and then focuses on the new Psalter Project "Editio maior des griechischen Psalters" sponsored by the Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen, which started at the beginning of 2020. In particular, my article illustrates some of the challenges facing this project, using Psalm 1 as a test case. First, I provide an overview of the editorial history of the LXX Psalter, from the earliest printed editions that reveal a major influence of the Lucianic recension, to the Sixtine edition that marked a turning point in this editorial history, and continuing with subsequent modern editions, e.g., those of P. A. de Lagarde and A. Rahlfs. Second, I call attention to one of the most urgent research tasks for the above project, i.e., the reconstruction of the fragmentary hexaplaric tradition of the Psalter, citing as examples the hexaplaric fragments of Psalm 1 transmitted in ms. Rahlfs 113 (Cod. Ambros. B 106 sup.) and Rahlfs 271 (Cod. Vat. gr. 1747). [Adapted from published abstract—C.T.B.] Google Scholar 1026. [The Textual History of the Ethiopic OT Project (THEOT)] Daniel Assefa, Steve Delamarter, Garry Jost, Ralph Lee, and Curt Niccum, "The Textual History of [End Page 382] the Ethiopic Old Testament Project (THEOT): Goals and Initial Findings," Text 29 (1, 2020) 80-110. Our article offers an introduction to the THEOT project. This includes an account of the background for the project and its primary purpose, i.e., to map the transmission of the Ethiopic OT. We devote the bulk of our article to summarizing the project...

Florence as the New Jerusalem in Ugolino Verino’s Carlias

Abstract Ugolino Verino (1438–1516) wrote an impressive Latin epic poem on Charlemagne, the Carlias. In this paper, both internal and contextual arguments are put forth in support of the interpretation of Florence as the New Jerusalem in this poem, a hypothesis already made by the first (and only) modern editor of the work. First, the internal arguments come from an analysis of the passage in which the refoundation of Florence takes place and from the structure of the entire composition, a clearly eschatological narrative. Then, the similarities and debts with relevant previous and contemporary apocalyptic literature on the Second Charlemagne are pointed out.

Yawning matters: What can hiatus tell us about the lost Greek novels? What can the heroon in honor of Kineas on the Banks of the Oxus River tell us about <i>The wonders beyond Thule</i>?

The aim of this study is to contextualize the fragments of the The Wonders beyond Thule in the set of lost Greek novels that have come to us in papyri paying special attention to the treatment of hiatus. The literary ambitions of Callirrhoe, Ninus, Parthenope, and The wonders beyond are similar and their ‘implicit readers’ would have belonged to the educated elite known by the term of pepaideumenoi and pepaideumenai. Other conclusion is that hiatus is a license that depends on the style of the author, but it can sometimes be attributed to an error by the scribe or a decision of the modern editor.
 The study includes value information about novel fragments since 1998 (edition by López-Martínez) and a hypothesis regarding archaeological materials (papyri and inscriptions) found in a Hellenistic city on the Banks of the Oxus River in Afghanistan, Ai Khanoum, which offer us tantalizing paralells for the fictional mise en scène of Diogenes’ novel.

‘The Jew of Venice’ (1701): il primo Shylock dopo Shakespeare

The scenic fortune of The Merchant of Venice marks a turning point in 1741 thanks to the interpretation of the character of Shylock by the actor Charles Macklin, consecrated by Alexander as ‘the Jew that Shakespeare drew’. A recognition of the actor’s value, but also a sign of distance from The Jew of Venice, the adaptation by George Granville with which in 1701 the comedy that had been missing from the stage for almost a century was revived, albeit in a modified form. The essay analyses the genesis and compositional structure of the adaptation in which Granville seeks a mediation between the aim for ‘regularization’ in the classicist sense of the Shakespearean text and the desire to preserve its essence, ‘the silver at the bottom of the melting pot’. Consistent with these purposes is the assignment of the part of Shylock to the comic actor Thomas Doggett, whose artistic and character profile is outlined through many testimonies of long-time companions. On the other hand, the iconographic testimonies are few, though for the first time they are examined together with an engraving contained in the first modern edition of Shakespearean Works published in 1709. The comparison leads to hypothesize that the first existing image of the character of Shylock is also the first to portray an actor, Thomas Doggett.

‘Words, Words, Words’: Making Comics and Sense of the Three Texts of Hamlet

ABSTRACT In teaching our first-year university students to understand what Shakespearean language is and what it does, we asked them to edit the three different early modern editions of Hamlet and then adapt their edits into a comics spread. Using some of the numerous graphic novel adaptations of Shakespeare and a platform that we forked from Willian Carvalho’s 2012 project ‘comicgen’, our first-year university students create their own visual representations of Shakespearean dialogue. This article explores the early modern texts that often coalesce to form a modern edition of Hamlet, the many Shakespearean graphic novels available today, the pedagogical comics platform created for our students, and the results of our pedagogical project.

Chaucer’s Retraction: Examining the Case for Disavowal

Abstract Chaucer’s Retraction, which concludes both the Parson’s Tale and the Canterbury Tales in most manuscripts, presents a number of interpretive problems. Many of these problems stem from the widespread assumption that, as its (editorially supplied) title asserts, the Retraction constitutes a retraction or disavowal of Chaucer’s literary corpus. But on what basis do we assume that the work we know as the Retraction does in fact constitute a retraction or disavowal? This article examines the evidence for the presence of a disavowal, arriving at the conclusion that the element of disavowal has been overestimated. Editorial conventions that have persisted into our modern editions, some of which date to the earliest manuscripts, have the effect of not only creating the distinct work we know as the Retraction, but of subtly smoothing over many of the most vexing problems presented by the text in favor of a reading that highlights Chaucer’s supposed disavowal.

Optical Music Recognition of Printed White Mensural Notation: Conversion to Modern Notation Using Object Detection Mechanisms

Today, the majority of music performers and vocalists are not able to read mensural notation fluently, and so conductors and music ensembles require modern editions for performing historical music. However, the conversion of printed white mensural sheet music into audible and performable modern notation currently requires elaborate manual editing by specialized music scholars. To close this gap, the present research proposes an algorithm that automatically converts scanned music score sheets of that historic period (the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries) into a file format that is readable in current notation software. This includes the optical recognition of musical symbols and respective semantic interpretation, for example note pitch determination. Based on works by the composers Sebastian Ertel and Paul Peuerl, the article presents a case study that combines convolutional neural networks with further computational process steps towards an integrated algorithm within a four-step optical music recognition (OMR) approach. As a result, the used musical material could be correctly converted into the MusicXML format with a recognition rate of 99 per cent. In the wake of these promising results, in future research we propose to extend our work to other materials, epochs, note symbols and advanced semantic analyses.

ANALYSIS OF THE WORK AL-TABAQAT AL-KUBRA BY IBN SA’D ZUHRI

This article covers the study of the life of the great historian, faqih, muhaddith Ibn Sa’d Zuhri, and his famous work “at-Tabaqat al-Kubra”. It tells about the scholar’s life, his scientific travels, fields of activity, his writings, and his respect in the eyes of scientists. The content, structure, narrations, modern editions of “at-Tabaqat al-Kubra” and, most importantly, its role in the study of Islamic history are also presented. “at-Tabaqat al-Kubra” is one of the oldest works written in its direction and has reached us. In the first two volumes of this book, Ibn Sa’d wrote a biography of the companions, then the followers, and then the scholars who lived up to his time, after covering the biographies of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him). Describing the biographies of thousands of individuals, this book spread widely in the Islamic world and became the most important and widely used source in Islamic history. Today, several modern research is being carried out on the work, which has been published in modern editions. After all, “Tabaqat” objectively covers the first three centuries of Islamic history, narrates the personalities of this period, important historical events, social life, and scientific environment uniquely. There are many aspects of Ibn Sa’d and “at-Tabaqat al-Kubra” that still need to be studied. This article will be one of the first steps taken in our country on this topic.

Manuscripts and modern editions of "At-tabaqat Al-kubra"

The article discusses the manuscripts, modern editions and translations of “At-Tabaqat al-Kubra”by Muhammad ibn Sa'd Zuhri (784–845)which has an important place in the history and culture of Islam. Among the manuscripts, the known to us, their content, the degree of reference to them in modern publications are revealed. Similar and different aspects of modern editions and translations of the work are analyzed.

Eight Dogs, or "Hakkenden": Part One—An Ill-Considered Jest by Kyokutei Bakin

Reviewed by: Eight Dogs, or "Hakkenden": Part One—An Ill-Considered Jest by Kyokutei Bakin William C. Hedberg Eight Dogs, or "Hakkenden": Part One—An Ill-Considered Jest. By Kyokutei Bakin. Translated by Glynne Walley. Cornell University Press, 2021. 348 pages. ISBN: 9781501755170 (hardcover; also available as softcover and e-book). Pity the scholar of early modern Japanese narrative with proselytizing ambitions. While our colleagues researching Renaissance England or Golden Age Spain can be reasonably confident that a mixed audience at a Modern Language Association convention is at least passingly familiar with the historical context and plotline of, say, Macbeth or Don Quixote, those in our field are afforded no such luxury. When presenting our research to nonspecialists at conferences, we reluctantly become participants in Monty Python's All-England Summarize Proust Competition, racing our way through tedious but necessary summary in the hope of securing a few short minutes for explication and analysis before we end. Even among peers, the twists and turns, concealed identities, and multigenerational vendettas central to genres such as yomihon, jōruri, and kabuki defy easy summary and require valuable space in our conference talks and publications to adequately contextualize. Confronted with the relentless avalanche of names, titles, battles, and historical allusions found in a baggy monster like Kyokutei Bakin's Nansō Satomi hakkenden, one is initially [End Page 344] tempted to sympathize with the novelist Martin Amis, who in describing Quixote wrote, "The question 'What happens next?' has no meaning, because there is no next … there is only more."1 Or is there? Among scholars of Edo-period literature, one of the most welcome critical interventions of the past thirty years has been the insistent and long-overdue argument that the texts we study are undergirded by a rigorous system of narrative logic that is readily discernible to any reader willing to pay attention to the author's (often heavy-handed) hints about how to read the work. Seminal scholarship by, most recently, Peter Kornicki, Jonathan Zwicker, Satoko Shimazaki, Patrick Caddeau, and Rebekah Clements has directed our attention away from the narrative proper and toward the prefaces, interlineal commentary, illustrations, maps, charts, lists of characters, commemorative poems, postfaces, and advertisements that explained how texts like Hakkenden were meant to be interpreted and that were, for early modern readers, inseparable from the narrative itself. Most of these paratextual features were excised in modern typeset editions of the works, and despite our frequent reliance upon these modern editions, it is a useful exercise to think of them as butterfly specimens that have been pithed and mounted in a display case: readily visible and easily legible, but wholly shorn of the life, movement, and context that gave them meaning as social beings. It is to Glynne Walley's immense credit that he brings the materiality of early modern Japanese fiction to the forefront of his translation of Nansō Satomi hakkenden (The Lives of the Eight Dogs of the Satomi of Southern Fusa; 1814–1842) and, in so doing, gives us a keen sense of the paratextual density and cosmopolitan dimensions of this text. Eight Dogs, or "Hakkenden": Part One—An Ill-Considered Jest contains the inaugural volume (shū) of Hakkenden and four chapters of the second volume, sensibly concluding at a natural break in the narrative with the canine Yatsufusa's immaculate impregnation of Satomi Yoshizane's daughter, Fusehime; the release of the embryonic spirits of the eponymous dog-knights; and the beginning of the warrior-monk Chudai's quest to locate and gather the warriors. As Bakin himself reminds the reader in a postface to the final chapter included in the translation, "everything from the 1st Book of the Inaugural Volume through to the end of the present Book constitutes but the opening stage of the whole" (p. 292), and as Walley notes in the translator's introduction, An Ill-Considered Jest comprises less than one-tenth of the complete Hakkenden. Before discussing the translation itself, I must give due praise to its translator for his Yoshizane-esque ambitions in embarking on such a venture, and to Cornell University Press for supporting an epic project and ensuring that the job is done well. An Ill-Considered...

The Bible and Crusade Narrative in the Twelfth Century

The Bible and Crusade Narrative in the Twelfth Century

Parliament and Convention in the Personal Rule of James V of Scotland, 1528–1542 by Amy Blakeway

Reviewed by: Parliament and Convention in the Personal Rule of James V of Scotland, 1528–1542 by Amy Blakeway Janet Hadley Williams Blakeway, Amy, Parliament and Convention in the Personal Rule of James V of Scotland, 1528–1542, London, Palgrave Macmillan, 2022; hardback; pp. xiv, 361; R.R.P. €99.99; ISBN 9783030893767. As a capable administrative historian, Dr Blakeway wastes no time: 'At its heart, this book argues that specialized and expert advice was a central factor in governing Scotland in the reign of James V' (p. vii). Her study of consultation and decision-making during James's personal rule, drawing constantly on primary sources, bears this out, the resulting rich body of material greatly modifying and enlivening the accepted narrative. Blakeway first discusses earlier misconceptions about personal as opposed to minority monarchical rule, showing that, contrary to the old assumption that 'strong adult kings ruled free from the constraints of Parliaments, councils and the like' (pp. 2–3), in the case of James V the opposite is apparent in much of the evidence. This is obscured, she notes, by changes in record-keeping practices, and the creation in 1537 of a 'secret council register' no longer extant. Blakeway concedes that the king could sometimes overrule these central advisory committees, but she shows too that he did on occasion incorporate consultation when he might have bypassed it. Blakeway establishes the nature of each of the bodies operating during James's personal rule—parliament, court of session, and committees, including the lords of council, 'secret council', lords of articles; conventions of the burghs; and the hybrid 'lords of articles and council'—examining the parts each played (occasionally across multiple meetings), and the ways in which they might sometimes interact. Parliament, for example, had distinct roles as court (although one willing to negotiate for a high price), and as legislator; the conventions could plan for warfare and grant a tax, yet could not enact a permanent law, or try traitors, distinctions that eliminated them as rivals to parliament. She considers, too, the limitations of sources, and the need, despite modern editions, to consult the manuscripts. The register of the lords of council and session, Blakeway observes, does not present original notes, but those compiled after meetings; actual manuscript entries are sometimes incomplete, awaiting, and not always receiving, information. She cautions that the lack of sederunt lists inhibits conclusions about who was involved in particular decisions; that council and convention records have 'wildly differing levels of detail' (p. 65); and that, [End Page 152] to some foreign reporters, the Scottish conventions were unfamiliar, thus not always accurately described. She addresses the period's linguistic flexibility—the elasticity of the terms 'lords' (p. 12) or 'tax' (p. 215), for example—and its usefulness in singling out the unusual meeting from others. Chapters 2–4 examine in more depth the various relationships between councils and conventions, and the development of each during the reign. Chapter 2 charts the complex course by which the lords of articles became more than a body simply drafting laws. Chapter 3 considers the types of specialized meeting that preceded three significant events: domestic campaigns (borders; Hebrides, 1530–31); a foreign campaign (Anglo-Scottish War, 1532–33); and the royal marriage (1528–36). For both chapters, Blakeway looks at the size, type, and reasons for each meeting, and at how information was withheld or communicated—sometimes taking the ritual form of public counsel to the king, sometimes tightly controlled by secret council. New details emerge, on the concern for the king's heirless state (p. 92); in the conduct of the case of Mac Dhòmhnaill of the Isles (pp. 103–05); and on the use of differently constituted meetings to address several types of activity, all, however, relating to the broader concern of the larger meeting(s) (p. 126). Chapter 4 studies the role of the third estate (burgesses) in central government, particularly in matters of international trade and choice of staple port, and how local interests could vary responses. This less powerful estate developed alternative ways of operation—discarding royal officialdom; collective bargaining; engaging directly with the king—, the study of them hampered by loss of some records...

Специализированные юридические журналы «Хокук вэ хаят» (1913–1914) и «Право и жизнь в Татарстане»

We establish the succession of the typological characteristics of law journals “Hokuk ve Hayat” (1913–1914) and the modern journal “Law and Life in Tatarstan”. Revival of periodicals in the 1990s – this is a trend that can be traced by studying post-Soviet periodicals. During the indicated period, printed publications were resumed, which were published back in the pre-revolutionary period – until 1917. The conquest of revolution – publicity – made it possible to develop the mass media and modernize them. Along with public, party, commercial publications, specialized publications also appeared. The revived, modified, modernized journal retained the features of the original edition, of which it is the successor. The question is raised about the succession of the two publications that came out in different eras in the history of Russian journalism, and the legitimacy of calling the “resumption” of the publication, between which the distance of many decades. As examples, other newspapers and magazines from the history of journalism are given, which can be classified as “revived”. We explore the audience, language and other parameters, mission and purpose of both publications. We highlight the similarities and differences, find out which traditions of the journal of the early 20th century have been preserved in the modern edition.

The Oxford Guide to Middle High German

The Oxford Guide to Middle High German

Jews and Protestants: From the Reformation to the Present ed. by Irene Aue-Ben-David et al.

Reviewed by: Jews and Protestants: From the Reformation to the Present ed. by Irene Aue-Ben-David et al. Darrell Jodock Jews and Protestants: From the Reformation to the Present. Edited by Irene Aue-Ben-David, Aya Elyada, Moshe Sluhovsky, and Christian Wiese. Berlin and Boston: Walter de Gruyter, 2020. viii + 280 pp. In recent years, Luther's harsh teachings against the Jews have received a good deal of attention, as have Nazi appeals to Luther and the response(s) of the church in Germany. Less attention has been given to Protestant-Jewish relations from the Reformation to the present. Drawing on lectures from a conference in Israel in 2017, this book endeavors to fill this gap. Its thirteen essays, written by scholars from Germany, Israel, England, Canada, the United States, and the Czech Republic, examine developments from the Reformation and post-Reformation era, the eighteenth, nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, the Nazi years, and the decades following the Holocaust. Although the book does not offer a unified narrative, the articles are arranged chronologically and convey a sense of historical development. It has a helpful introduction and benefits from a detailed index. One valuable feature is that, in addition to Protestant views of Judaism, the book discusses Jewish attitudes toward the Reformation and how those attitudes changed. The opening chapter, for example, examines "The Impact of the Reformation on Early Modern German Jewry." The Jewish community, it argues, was not isolated. It absorbed changes in communal organization and educational priorities, while at the same time resisting those influences that conflicted with its communal and historical concerns. The next chapter observes that Jews focused on Luther's earlier (1523) view [End Page 104] of the Jews and appreciated how the Protestant movement reduced the power of Roman Catholicism. They found affinity with the Protestants' rejection of (what both perceived as) worship of the saints. In the nineteenth century there was a tendency among German Jews to view Luther as a forerunner of the Enlightenment and its tolerance. Among Protestants, "only in the 1830s, following the first modern edition of Luther's writings, did Luther's anti-Jewish writings gain renewed attention" (7). Later, during the Second Reich, Luther came to be viewed as the German national hero who mobilized his people against their enemies. A more völkisch-racist understanding of German-ness emerged. The goal of integration was replaced by more sharply drawn lines of separation. The diversity of topics and approaches makes identifying a single theme difficult, but one clear impression is the complexity of attitudes. So, for example, the clergy who wrote articles in American Protestant periodicals in 1938 "fought against anti-Semitism and tried to aid Jews, though not without slipping into the language of enduring anti-Jewish prejudices" (227) and not without giving their primary concern to the persecution of Christians. One of the more interesting topics in the book is its discussion of the Pietists. They tended to follow Luther's earlier approach, which Professors Sluhovsky and Elyada characterize in the book's introduction as instructing "Jews kindly and carefully in Scripture, according to its 'true Christian' (namely Lutheran) understanding," and allowing "the Jewish minority to integrate into Christian society, as a means of exposing them to Christian belief and way of life" (4). In order to approach Jews effectively, the Pietists "equipped their evangelists with knowledge of Jews, Judaism, and Jewish culture" (92). This prompted them to do what had not often happened among Christians earlier: they paid attention to lived Judaism, including its culture and languages and its diversity. They wrote reports regarding their encounters. One discovery was the extensive poverty among the Jews. This prompted the Pietists to advocate for improved civil and economic opportunities for the Jews as well as defending them against libel. The Pietists also translated the Bible into Yiddish, as a kind of "scripture alone" for Jews. Previous translations were [End Page 105] available but were overly literal and included a lot of Midrashim. Although the Pietists regarded Christianity to be superior to Judaism, they "proposed a non-supercessionist [sic] understanding of the Jews," most often perceiving them "as a people carrying a special mission" (102). Jewish leaders...

New Manuscript Evidence for Suprabhātastava by Śrīharṣadeva: The Drepung Texts Critically Examined

The Suprabhātastava is one of the two hymns ascribed to King Śrīharṣadeva (c. 590–647 CE), who ruled over Kannauj. There are five modern editions of this text, which roughly follow eight extant Sanskrit manuscripts and a Tibetan translation. Recently, scholars discovered two unknown Sanskrit manuscripts of the text in Drepung Monastery. One of them has unique contents and readings. For this reason, the present article compares the said manuscript with other extant versions. In this respect, the article demonstrates that the newly discovered manuscripts belong to a different transmission lineage. Moreover, the article discusses the authorship and genre of the Suprabhātastava.

The problem of (in)divisible intellect in Proclus’ Elements of theology 180

Does Proclus’ transcendent intellect have parts? Modern editors of the Elements of Theology disagree on a crucial proposition where Proclus reveals the mereological nature of intellect. In his seminal critical edition, E.R. Dodds emended proposition 180 of the work by adding a negation, in order to form πᾶς νοῦς ὅλος ἐστίν, <οὐχ> ὡς ἐκ μερῶν ὑποστάς (Dodds 1963, 158.11). This emendation, Dodds claimed, was necessary in order to avoid a contradiction with proposition 171 of the same work. Yet some translators and editors have chosen to ignore Dodds’s emendation, suggesting that the contradiction feared by Dodds is not as problematic as it seems – for example, E.O. Onnasch and B. Schomakers render the Greek as πᾶς νοῦς ὅλος ἐστίν, ὡς ἐκ μερῶν ὑποστάς ἕκαστος (Onnasch and Schomakers 2015, 196.3-4). This paper deals with two related topics. Firstly, I argue that Dodds’s emendation is to be avoided, not merely because his contradiction could be weakened, as others have claimed, but also because the insertion of a negative creates a philological issue of its own, namely a contradiction with propositions 67 through 69 of the Elements. Secondly, I discuss how, based on this reading, Proclus ascribes to intellect a wholeness that is relative, similar to the way Porphyry describes the mereology of intellect. Although Proclus seemingly rejects Porphyry’s mereological ideas in his other writings, I argue that this ultimately comes down to a difference in terminology.

Op reis met “Elckerlijc” en Stefan Mrożewski

This article deals with modern illustrations accompanying medieval text, with special attention to one publication – the modern edition of Middle Dutch Elckerlijc and the woodcuts made by Stefan Mrożewski. The article introduces the circumstances in which the book was published and in which the Polish artist prepared his prints. The main analysis discusses the choices made by Mrożewski and the many different ways in which he refers to the historic past in his work. In order to show a broader framework of the subject, the article also briefly sketches the Polish literary reception of the medieval morality play.