Modern Cognitive Theory Research Articles

Modeling in CupCarbon

Modeling is one of the key categories of modern cognitive theory and design-engineering practice. Simulation and visualization of real physical processes and phenomena are important technological tools and simulation results. The article presents a comparative review and analysis of existing emulators, such as Cisco Packet Tracer and UNetLab, as well as the rationale for choosing CupCarbon as a platform for modeling, in particular, wireless networks for the Internet of Things. The functional potential of today’s most common emulators like Cisco Packet Tracer and UNetLab are significant. Cisco Packet Tracer is a powerful software emulator, which gives the possibility to users to simulate networks, organizing them with the almost unlimited number of devices, using the equipment and adjusting it for the specific tasks of this or that environment. The program gives the opportunity to develop the quality of decision-making speed, creativity and critical thinking, configuration and troubleshooting networks with the use of virtual equipment and simulated connection. Despite the great advantages of this software emulator, it has several disadvantages, which make it incorrect for modeling IoT networks, such as the lack of simulation in a 2D/3D environment and adding urban and natural noise, not a complete emulation of IOS, almost everything that goes beyond the CCNA, it also cannot be built on it, the possible manifestation of a variety of bugs that are treated only by restarting the program.

«Рыжий» И. Талькова: когнитивные механизмы преодоления негативной самоидентификации

The paper aims to describe the initial self-identification model of I. Talkov’s cognitive-pragmatic program. Scientific originality of the study lies in the fact that I. Talkov’s creative work is for the first time analysed through the lens of the modern cognitive theory. The research findings are as follows: by the example of the song “Ginger”, the authors reveal the cognitive mechanisms to overcome negative self-identification. Having recognized inadequacy of programmed stereotyped perception, the lyrical hero reinterpreted the cognitive block content. Applying programmed actions, he shifts emphasis from “the Other” (bearer of the imposed stereotype) to His Own Self realized through creativity and sport. It becomes a basis of a renewed self-identification strategy.

«Рыжий» И. Талькова: проблемы когнитивной самоидентификации

The purpose of the research is to characterise features of the early self-identification model of I. Talkov’s cognitive-pragmatic programme. The paper is novel in that it is the first to study I. Talkov’s creative work from the perspective of modern cognitive theory. The research findings are as follows: the mechanism of a cognitive block is shown, using the example of the composition “Redhead”. Being in the field of the destructive-simulative activity of a programmatic stereotype of perception, the character strives to overcome this destructiveness. However, he perceives the status attributed to him as true and the process of its automated change as a constructive cognitive-mental operation, so the choice turns out to be simulative.

Naked villainy: Encounters with an archetype of disfigurement

This research report is focused on an emergent methodology developed to support a transformational actor–researcher engaged in heuristic inquiry. Rooted in Stanislavskian practices, transformational acting outlines a character building technique that is, at its core, a physical process. By including costume as an integral component of this physical character-building process, the actor is equipped with a material tool with which they may alter their means of perception. A combined reading of modern cognitive theory and feminist theory asserts that such perceptual alterations as costume affords may then result in a fundamental shift in the performer’s identity, facilitating a lived experience of the character’s identity. Considering costume within a Stanislavskian context introduces a material set of given circumstances; an embodied experience of another’s possibilities or impossibilities of movement. While these perceptual changes stimulate transformation, an actor–researcher may also find themselves in active collaboration with a ‘character’ outside of themselves, potentially lending new-found insight within a research setting. Starting from a materialist approach to character, I chose to use Shakespeare’s character Richard III as a case study to test my hypothesis. What I soon began to realize was that this unidentified ‘materiality’ that I had been drawn to could not be distinguished from Richard’s ‘disability’. I began to ask, what are the ethical implications of an actor donning various external costume-based tools in embodying a disabled character? How does such an approach help us move away from the medical model of disability to the social, and perhaps even towards the affirmative and to resituate disability as a lived experience rather than metaphor? This research report details an emergent methodology confronted with the ethical implications of costume’s impact on the portrayal and understanding of disability in theatre today.

Theoretical Analysis of Foreign Cognitive Personality Theories

The article provides a theoretical analysis of cognitive personality theories and describes how to apply the modern cognitive theory of personality. Cognitive personality theories have made important contributions to psychology by explaining complex human interactions and situations. The studies revealed the powerful role of attributive belief systems and delineated many cognitive aspects that are critical to understanding individual differences. Cognitive personality theories focus on the processes of encoding and extracting information as well as on the role of expectations, motivations, goals, and beliefs in the development of stable personality characteristics. The works of foreign researchers mentioned in the article have become the basis of the modern cognitive personality theory, which is widely applied in psychological counseling.

Понятие содержания сознания в контексте философии энактивизма Сьюзан Херли

The research objectives are as follows: to give an idea of Susan Hurley’s philosophy and to check whether the relevant philosophical problem of mental representation and mental content is non-contradictive. The article criticizes the traditional conception of consciousness, in which cognition is considered as an interface between perception and action, without taking into account interrelation of these processes. The problem of mental content is tackled; it is shown that normativity of non-conceptual mental content is weaker in comparison with conceptual one. Scientific originality of the study lies in the fact that the researcher introduces the name of the woman-philosopher S. Hurley, a figure of the English-language cognitive philosophy whose works are little known in Russia, into scientific use. The author clarifies the notion “mental content” and criticizes the modern cognitive theory. The research findings are as follows: correlation of non-conceptual mental content and action intention is revealed, the notion “mental content” is analysed in relation to pre-linguistic consciousness.

Overlooked Tertiary Sulci Serve as a Meso-Scale Link between Microstructural and Functional Properties of Human Lateral Prefrontal Cortex.

Understanding the relationship between neuroanatomy and function in portions of cortex that perform functions largely specific to humans such as lateral prefrontal cortex (LPFC) is of major interest in systems and cognitive neuroscience. When considering neuroanatomical-functional relationships in LPFC, shallow indentations in cortex known as tertiary sulci have been largely unexplored. Here, by implementing a multimodal approach and manually defining 936 neuroanatomical structures in 72 hemispheres (in both males and females), we show that a subset of these overlooked tertiary sulci serve as a meso-scale link between microstructural (myelin content) and functional (network connectivity) properties of human LPFC in individual participants. For example, the posterior middle frontal sulcus (pmfs) is a tertiary sulcus with three components that differ in their myelin content, resting-state connectivity profiles, and engagement across meta-analyses of 83 cognitive tasks. Further, generating microstructural profiles of myelin content across cortical depths for each pmfs component and the surrounding middle frontal gyrus (MFG) shows that both gyral and sulcal components of the MFG have greater myelin content in deeper compared with superficial layers and that the myelin content in superficial layers of the gyral components is greater than sulcal components. These findings support a classic, yet largely unconsidered theory that tertiary sulci may serve as landmarks in association cortices, as well as a modern cognitive neuroscience theory proposing a functional hierarchy in LPFC. As there is a growing need for computational tools that automatically define tertiary sulci throughout cortex, we share pmfs probabilistic sulcal maps with the field.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Lateral prefrontal cortex (LPFC) is critical for functions that are thought to be specific to humans compared with other mammals. However, relationships between fine-scale neuroanatomical structures largely specific to hominoid cortex and functional properties of LPFC remain elusive. Here, we show that these structures, which have been largely unexplored throughout history, surprisingly serve as markers for anatomical and functional organization in human LPFC. These findings have theoretical, methodological, developmental, and evolutionary implications for improved understanding of neuroanatomical-functional relationships not only in LPFC, but also in association cortices more broadly. Finally, these findings ignite new questions regarding how morphological features of these neglected neuroanatomical structures contribute to functions of association cortices that are critical for human-specific aspects of cognition.

Learning to Learn: Didactic Efficacy and Cognitive Dissonance in the Chester Cycle

ABSTRACT Through a close reading of the staging of miracles in the Middle English Chester cycle, this article argues for a reappraisal of the religious didacticism of the medieval mystery cycle tradition. By approaching the Chester cycle’s didactic impetus from the lens of medieval miracle theory, I argue for distinct theoretical parallels between the Thomist formulation of wonder and learning and modern cognitive dissonance theory. The interplay between wonder and dissonance throughout Chester’s miracle episodes reveals how the cycle’s staging of miracles functions to teach spectators not only orthodox doctrine but also a method of learning. Ultimately, Chester’s religious didacticism is rendered efficacious through the sophisticated cognitive interplay between learning and performance, one that medieval thought articulated nearly 700 years prior to recent developments in cognitive theory.

TYPOLOGY OF EVALUATION SPEECH ACTS

The given research is dedicated to the study of typology of evaluation speech acts. In this article questions connected with the analysis of the appearance of the evaluation in the utterance are being discussed. Particular attention is paid to the illocutionary and perlocutionary effect of evaluation speech acts. The purpose of the given article is to consider the most common features of evaluative speech acts and determine their place in the hierarchy of speech acts in general. The research methods, used in the study, are determined by the purpose, theoretical direction of the article and are comprehensive. The research methods integrate the basic notions of modern cognitive theory and theory of communication. The minimum unit of communication is speech act. The structure of the speech act includes four levels. They are locution, proposition, illocution and perlocution. In the evaluation speech acts, semantic basis is the category of evaluation. The author of the article offers the following classification of evaluation speech acts. Based on semantic and pragmatic properties of the object of our study, the article proposes to distinguish the following types of evaluation speech acts: 1) focus on the subject; 2) focus on the object. Among evaluation speech acts, oriented on the object, proper evaluation speech acts (for example, praise, condemnation) and emotional evaluation speech acts (for example, admiration, anger, respect) can be selected. The given approach is based on the fact that the evaluative verbs are direct representatives of illocutionary intention of evaluation speech acts. So, we consider that the classification of evaluation speech acts can rely on semantic and pragmatic features of evaluative verbs.

La agrupación temporal y los patrones como facilitadores de la comprensión psicológica de la información rítmica.

La estructuración y la agrupación influyen en la fragmentación mental de sonidos en la memoria, por lo que han sido consideradas como elementos fundamentales en las teorías modernas de cognición musical. En este trabajo se realiza una revisión de las aportaciones científicas al conocimiento de los fenómenos de estructuración temporal, agrupación de eventos y formación de patrones rítmicos. Con ello, se pretende delinear y ofrecer un panorama actualizado respecto a alguno de los factores facilitadores del procesamiento cognitivo del ritmo, para posteriormente considerar estos elementos en la formación musical inicial. Los principales hallazgos indican que la regularidad de los patrones rítmicos es un elemento clave para su procesamiento. Además, las secuencias rítmicas con relaciones 2:1 parecen ser las más sencillas de reproducir y percibir.
 Esta investigación fue patrocinada por el Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación de España (PID2019-105762GB-I00).

Exploring the impact of TMTs’ overseas experiences on innovation performance of Chinese enterprises

PurposeDrawing on the related insights from the upper echelon perspective, modern cognitive theory and path dependence theory, this paper aims to first integrate top management teams (TMTs) overseas experiences, research and development (R&D) strategic decision-making and innovation performance into a uniform theoretical framework and try to understand TMTs’ overseas experiences accounting for both the direct and indirect mechanisms of the variables involved within the transition economy of China.Design/methodology/approachThe paper adopts research sample from the listed companies on the Growth Enterprises Market Board (GEMB) of Shenzhen Stock Exchange of China due to their stronger innovation consciousness. The research data are mainly from the WIND database of China, as the data issued in this database must be checked and approved by China’s legal institutions including China Securities Regulatory Commission and its authorized agencies. The samples cover different types of ownership and the vast majority of industries of China, which makes the objects a wide range of coverage and representativeness. In addition, according to suggestions of Podsakoff et al. (2003), the authors design the controlling measures from two aspects of data collection and statistical analysis to reduce the homologous error as much as possible.FindingsEmpirical results show that innovation performance is positively affected by the centrality overseas functional experience and industrial experience but negatively affected by the heterogeneity of overseas functional experience of TMT. Meanwhile, R&D intensity and modes play partially mediating effect in the relationship between TMTs’ overseas functional experience centrality and industrial experience heterogeneity and innovation performance, but for the relationship between overseas functional experience heterogeneity and innovation performance, R&D intensity leads to fully mediating effect.Originality/valueThis study contributes toward filling the gaps by elucidating the effect of TMTs’ overseas experiences on the innovation performance, identifying the mediating role of R&D strategic decision-makings in this relationship and empirically examining the acting mechanisms and paths of the variables involved in the Chinese context. In addition, practitioners could use these findings to improve their selection and training processes regarding both the top management members and the designing of the R&D strategies.

Pronominal anaphoric strategies in the West Saxon dialect of Old English

Building on previous studies that have discussed pronominal referencing in Old English (Traugott 1992; van Gelderen 2013; van Kemenade & Los 2017), the present study analyses the pronominal anaphoric strategies of the West Saxon dialect of Old English based on a quantitative and qualitative study of personal and demonstrative pronoun usage across a selection of late (postc. AD 900) Old English prose text types. The historical data discussed in the present study provide important additional support for modern cognitive and psycholinguistic theory. In line with the cognitive/psycholinguistic literature on the distribution of pronouns in Modern German (Bosch & Umbach 2007), the information-structural properties of referents rather than the grammatical role of the pronoun's antecedent most accurately explain the personal pronoun vs demonstrative pronoun contrast in the West Saxon dialect of Old English. The findings also highlight how issues pertaining to style, such as the author–writer relationship, text type, subject matter and the conventionalism propagated by text tradition, influence anaphoric strategies in Old English.

Semantic search during divergent thinking

Divergent thinking, as a method of examining creative cognition, has not been adequately analyzed in the context of modern cognitive theories. This article casts divergent thinking responding in the context of theories of memory search. First, it was argued that divergent thinking tasks are similar to semantic fluency tasks, but are more constrained, and less well structured. Next, response time distributions from 54 participants were analyzed for temporal and semantic clustering. Participants responded to two prompts from the alternative uses test: uses for a brick and uses for a bottle, for two minutes each. Participants’ cumulative response curves were negatively accelerating, in line with theories of search of associative memory. However, results of analyses of semantic and temporal clustering suggested that clustering is less evident in alternative uses responding compared to semantic fluency tasks. This suggests either that divergent thinking responding does not involve an exhaustive search through a clustered memory trace, but rather that the process is more exploratory, yielding fewer overall responses that tend to drift away from close associates of the divergent thinking prompt.

Reflection of Constructivism Theory in Physical Education

Constructivism is a very important branch of modern cognitive learning theory. It is getting more and more popular in the world, and increasingly being applied in many fields. Through Assimilation, Adaptation, Self-organization and Dialogue constructivism can eliminate confrontations between subject and object, pay attention to students’ prior knowledge during cognitive processes, and promote cooperative group learning and targeted teaching. In addition, constructivism establishes multiple evaluation criteria. These can shed light on physical education.

Tracking the dynamics of divergent thinking via semantic distance: Analytic methods and theoretical implications.

Divergent thinking has often been used as a proxy measure of creative thinking, but this practice lacks a foundation in modern cognitive psychological theory. This article addresses several issues with the classic divergent-thinking methodology and presents a new theoretical and methodological framework for cognitive divergent-thinking studies. A secondary analysis of a large dataset of divergent-thinking responses is presented. Latent semantic analysis was used to examine the potential changes in semantic distance between responses and the concept represented by the divergent-thinking prompt across successive response iterations. The results of linear growth modeling showed that although there is some linear increase in semantic distance across response iterations, participants high in fluid intelligence tended to give more distant initial responses than those with lower fluid intelligence. Additional analyses showed that the semantic distance of responses significantly predicted the average creativity rating given to the response, with significant variation in average levels of creativity across participants. Finally, semantic distance does not seem to be related to participants' choices of their own most creative responses. Implications for cognitive theories of creativity are discussed, along with the limitations of the methodology and directions for future research.

Into the Embodied inneweard mod of the Old English Boethius

In his translation of Boethius’s De consolatione philosophiae, Alfred imposes corporeal metaphors to describe the inner mind, constructing an embodied consciousness that contradicts the mind–body dualism of his source text. This article argues that Alfred’s Old EnglishBoethius rehabilitates mind–body dualism to the harmony that is promised by Boethian philosophy. I combine theory of mind with philology to read the OEBoethius comparatively alongside its Latin source text. First, I identify Alfred’s metaphorical descriptions of the inner mind as an embodied consciousness, in accordance with modern cognitive theory. Then, analyzing Alfred’s use of the in lexeme, I argue that Old English in denotes motion into an enclosure. Alfred’s depiction of an embodied consciousness subverts dualism by locating the inner mind within a dialectical process that harmonizes the mind with the body. The purpose of this article is to consider one of the ways in which Alfred contributes to Boethian philosophy, and to incite further scholarship of the Old English encoding of spatial concepts and Anglo-Saxon folk psychology.

Chapter 10 - Psychologic theories in functional neurologic disorders

In this chapter we review key psychologic theories that have been mooted as possible explanations for the etiology of functional neurologic symptoms, conversion disorder, and hysteria. We cover Freudian psychoanalysis and later object relations and attachment theories, social theories, illness behavior, classic and operant conditioning, social learning theory, self-regulation theory, cognitive-behavioral theories, and mindfulness. Dissociation and modern cognitive neuroscience theories are covered in other chapters in this series and, although of central importance, are omitted from this chapter. Our aim is an overview with the emphasis on breadth of coverage rather than depth.

Multiple traces or Fuzzy Traces? Converging evidence for applications of modern cognitive theory to psychotherapy.

Neurobiologically informed integration of research on memory, emotion, and behavior change in psychotherapy is needed, which Lane at al. advance. Memory reconsolidation that incorporates new emotional experience plays an important role in therapeutic change, converging with evidence for Fuzzy Trace Theory. Applications of Fuzzy Trace Theory to Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) for youth at risk for psychosis, and to other aspects of behavior change, are discussed.

Boundary of Space Research Based on the "Edge Effect" of the City’s Public Space

Human's daily action is generally contacted by space boundary naturally or unconsciously. Moreover, the existence of boundary influents human's behavior and experience at any moment. Good space boundary will create places full of vitality and have an positive effect on activities in space. Otherwise, space boundary could also exert a negative influence on human’s activity. This thesis, on the modern cognitive theory, expounds problems of boundary effect of exterior space of architecture in the perspective of architectural psychology.

Exercising Best Practices, Exorcising Langdell: The Inseparability of Legal Theory, Practice and the Humanities

Maintaining that theory without practice is empty and practice without theory is blind, this article explores the impossibility of meaningfully separating legal theory from practice and the implications of this impossibility for legal education. Recognizing that no meaningful distinction can be made between legal theory and practice, this article maintains that there can be no meaningful distinction between “doctrinal” and “non-doctrinal” or “practical skills” courses and faculty. Accordingly, it explores the resulting implications for law school curricula and for faculty hiring standards. As a part of its exploration of the semantic and practical impossibilities of any real theory-practice divide in legal education, this article also examines modern cognitive theory of embodied meaning, how metaphor and category usage drive embodied meaning, and the resulting inseparability of the humanities from legal education and practice. In light of the foregoing, this article also explores reasons why Langdell’s case method is inefficient, myopic, lifeless, and simply wrong in its general elevation of certain appellate cases over other sources of law. Among other things, this article proposes: (1) abandoning the case method except in subjects such as constitutional law where cases actually comprise important primary materials, (2) revising course books to incorporate hornbook material and materials from actual law practice, (3) recognizing the importance of substantial practice experience when hiring new faculty, (4) erasing arbitrary lines between “core” and “non-core” faculty, and (5) placing greater emphasis upon the humanities in legal education. This article also predicts that these changes will be mandated from without if not voluntarily adopted from within.