Modern Authorities Research Articles

What is in a Heroine’s Name? Beatrice-Joanna in The Changeling

This article discusses the significance of the name of the female protagonist of Middleton and Rowley’ The Changeling, and addresses the play’ engagement with early modern discourses ofgender, patriarchal authority, rank and national identity. It identifies literary allusions, both to Dante’ Beatrice, and to Joan of Arc, as depicted in Shakespeare’ Henry VI, Part I. It considers The Changeling (1622) in relation to the revenge tragedy subgenre for which Thomas Kyd’ The Spanish Tragedy (ca. mid-1580s; pub. 1592) had established a pattern for dramatists around thirty years prior to the writing of The Changeling. That Kyd’ play also shares The Changeling’ Spanish setting?within a tradition of perverse, Italianate settings in English drama?is of considerable importance to a proper understanding of the Middleton-Tourneur play, its plot, and the villainous couple at its heart: De Flores and the female villain, Beatrice-Joanna. Such dramatic conventions involving the setting were, moreover, topically aggravated through widespread Protestant animosities against a proposed marriage alliance?the ‘panish Match’crisis?between Spain and England in the 1620s, as noted by other critics. Lastly, a case is presented, involving the historical, Spanish queen figure of Juana la loca?Joan(na)the Mad (1479-1555)?which highlights the roles of gender-conflict, madness and marriage alliances with England, pertinent in the context of The Changeling’ themes and of the play’ setting in Alicante, also the place of residence of the English merchant, JohnReynolds, author of the play’ source.

Democracy Old and New: The Interaction of Modern and Traditional Authority in East Timorese Local Government

This article examines the evolving relationship between traditional and modern forms of political authority in local government in Timor‐Leste. The “clash of paradigms” between traditional and liberal democratic ideas of legitimacy in Timor‐Leste is widely considered to be an important issue for the stability of the nation‐state as a whole, and integral to engaging local communities in nation building, peace building, and democratization. Drawing on fieldwork conducted by the authors in Baucau, Los Palos, Viqueque, Venilale, and Ainaro in 2008–2009, we examine the ways elected chefes de suku and chefes de aldeia are interacting with traditional authorities at the local government level. The findings suggest that the interaction of modern and traditional systems has produced several hybrid models of local political authority and legitimacy. Specifically, we identify three models: two “co‐incumbency” models, and an “authorization” model emphasizing a separation of powers between traditional and modern authorities.

The Crisis of Authority in Catholic Modernity. By Michael J. Lacey and Francis Oakley. New York: Oxford University Press, 2011. viii + 381 pages. $99.00.

The Crisis of Authority in Catholic Modernity. By Michael J. Lacey and Francis Oakley. New York: Oxford University Press, 2011. viii + 381 pages. $99.00.

The Crisis of authority in Catholic modernity

The Crisis of authority in Catholic modernity

The Ghost and the Machine in the Sidney Family Corpus

While it is widely accepted that Mary Sidney played an important part in the publication of Sir Philip Sidney's works, it is less well-recognized that in doing so she made a profound impact on the construction of the English author function. Through her management of her brother's corpus, her patronage activities, and through her own literary self-fashioning, Mary Sidney helped define the terms of early modern authorship and authority. Ironically, however, in cultivating the archetype of the "Dead White Male" she promoted a poetic mythology whose enduring influence would eventually obscure her own decisive role in its development.

Abortion and Maternal Need: A Response to Ronit Irshai

Ronit Irshai, in a thoughtful analysis of the halakhic attitude towards abortion, advances the thesis that the halakhah has been influenced by a specific regressive attitude towards women. In particular, for ideological reasons, contemporary halakhic authorities have consistently put the fetus’s interest ahead of the woman’s. Irshai posits that modern decisors have by and large rejected a formulistic approach to halakhic decision-making regarding abortion, because of a specific attitude towards the women’s role. However, many modern authorities in fact take a very liberal approach towards abortion, allowing even late-term abortions in cases of maternal need. As for those who do take a more restrictive view, there are certainly talmudic and medieval sources to support this approach. I do not think this position meets Haym Soloveitchik’s criterion of “dubious legal worth,” such as would allow one to suggest an ideological or historical motive for the halakhic ruling. I do think there is a need for feminine voices in the halakhic discourse. However, for many serious halakhic authorities, the woman’s needs are of the utmost concern in halakhic decision-making relating to the difficult question of abortion. I believe their attitudes are consistent with modern feminist thinking regarding the setting of priorities in this highly charged debate.

The Authority of Public Opinion–why Weber declined to take part in the conversation

During the second half of the19th and early 20th centuries the role of public opinion became a focus of debate for political and social theorists. Although sociologists disagreed whether public opinion was a threat to order they agreed that it exercised an important influence on the working of modern authority. Yet despite his interest in the substantive issues raised in this debate, Max Weber wrote very little about public opinion. His silence on this subject is surprising since public opinion was widely represented as essential for the legitimation of political rule. This essay argues that Weber's reluctance to take part in this conversation may have been influenced by the irresolvable questions raised by the ascendancy of public opinion for his theory of domination.

Curing Execution Errors and Mistaken Terms in Wills

Recent years have seen a remarkable change emerge in the way American courts treat cases involving errors in the execution or the content of wills. The courts have traditionally applied a rule of strict compliance and held the will invalid when some innocuous blunder occurred in complying with the Wills Act formalities, such as when one attesting witness went to the washroom before the other had finished signing. Likewise, the courts have traditionally applied a no-reformation rule in cases of mistaken terms, for example, when the typist dropped a paragraph from the will or the drafter misrendered names or other attributes of a devise; the court would not correct the will no matter how conclusively the mistake was shown. Leading modern authority in a number of American states has now reversed the strict compliance and no-reformation rules. Both by judicial decision and by legislation, the courts have been empowered to excuse harmless execution errors and to reform mistaken terms. Section 2-503 of the Uniform Probate Code treats a noncomplying will as if it had been executed in compliance with the statutory formalities, if the proponent establishes by clear and convincing evidence that the decedent intended the document as his or her will. The new Restatement of Property endorses the harmless-error rule. The new Restatement authorizes courts to reform mistaken terms in a will. The new Restatement’s reformation provision, which has now been codified in § 2-805 of the Uniform Probate Code and § 415 of the Uniform Trust Code, provides that a court may reform any donative document, including a will, “to conform the text to the donor’s intention if it is established by clear and convincing evidence (1) that a mistake of fact or law, whether in expression or inducement, affected specific terms of the document; and (2) what the donor’s intention was.” The provisions of the new Restatement and the Uniform Probate Code endorsing the harmless-error and reformation rules for American law bring new opportunities and responsibilities for probate lawyers. The older conventions of the strict-compliance rule and the no-reformation rule are now open to challenge everywhere. Lawyers processing probate matters need to be alert to the opportunity they now have to raise issues that used to be foreclosed. Sad cases of defeated intent that used to be beyond hope may now be remediable. Innocuous formal defects can be excused, and mistaken terms can be reformed, but only if counsel sees the issue and brings it forward and, in jurisdictions that have not codified the new rules, if the court is hospitable to them.

Experiencing Neoliberalism from Below: The Bakweri Confrontation of the State of Cameroon over the Privatisation of the Cameroon Development Corporation

No accessJournal of Human SecurityOther Journal Article01 January 2010Experiencing Neoliberalism from Below: The Bakweri Confrontation of the State of Cameroon over the Privatisation of the Cameroon Development Corporation Authors: Ngambouk Vitalis Pemunta; Njiki Mildred Fonmboh Authors: Ngambouk Vitalis Pemunta Department of Sociology and Anthropology, Central European University, Zrinyiutca 14, 1051, Budapest, Hungary Google Scholar More articles by this author ; Njiki Mildred Fonmboh Consultant, Unisys, Budapest, Hungary Google Scholar More articles by this author SectionsAboutPDF/EPUBExport CitationsAdd to FavouriteAdd to FavouriteCreate a New ListNameCancelCreate ToolsTrack CitationsCreate Clip ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedIn COPY LINK Abstract This paper examines the conflict over the privatisation of the Cameroon Development Corporation between the government of Cameroon and the Bakweri tribe. It is set against the conflicting landscape and power fields of traditional, colonial and modern authority systems: a hallmark of the land tenure system in which the Bakweri find themselves today. This case study shows how local people are appropriating the western concepts of human and property rights and social justice, within the context of neoliberalism by making compensation claims for the appropriation of their land. It further suggests that present-day conflicts and threats to human security are traceable to larger contemporary, historical, economic and political processes such as colonialism and neoliberal globalisation, with varying impacts at the local level. Full Text DOI Previous article Next article RelatedDetails View PUBLICATION DETAILSDate of Publication:January 2010Journal:Journal of Human SecurityISSN:1835-3800Volume:6Issue:1Page Range:38-54First Page:38Last Page:54Source:Journal of Human Security, Vol. 6, No. 1, 2010: 38-54Date Last Modified:05 September 2018 12:24Date Last Revised:06 October 2012Geographic LocationAfricaCameroonSubjectHuman rightsPrivatizationHuman securityPrivatization--Government policyKwiri (African people)--Social life and customsState-local relations METRICS Downloaded 1 times Copyright© Human Security Institute, 2010Download PDFLoading ...

Max L. Stackhouse and Don S. Browning, eds, God and Globalization, vol. 2: The Spirit and the Modern Authorities

Max L. Stackhouse and Don S. Browning, eds, God and Globalization, vol. 2: The Spirit and the Modern Authorities

:Melancholy and the Care of the Soul: Religion, Moral Philosophy and Madness in Early Modern England

Melancholy is rightly taken to be a central topic of concern in early modern culture, and it continues to generate scholarly interest among historians of medicine, literature, psychiatry and religion. This book considerably furthers our understanding of the issue by examining the extensive discussions of melancholy in seventeenth- and eighteenth- century religious and moral philosophical publications, many of which have received only scant attention from modern scholars. Arguing that melancholy was considered by many to be as much a 'disease of the soul' as a condition originating in bodily disorder, Dr. Schmidt reveals how insights and techniques developed in the context of ancient philosophical and early Christian discussions of the good of the soul were applied by a variety of early modern authorities to the treatment of melancholy. The book also explores ways in which various diagnostic and therapeutic languages shaped the experience and expression of melancholy and situates the melancholic experience in a series of broader discourses, including the language of religious despair dominating English Calvinism, the late Renaissance concern with the government of the passions, and eighteenth-century debates surrounding politeness and material consumption. In addition, it explores how the shifting languages of early modern melancholy altered and enabled certain perceptions of gender. As a study in intellectual history, Melancholy and the Care of the Soul offers new insights into a wide variety of early modern texts, including literary representations and medical works, and critically engages with a broad range of current scholarship in addressing some of the central interpretive issues in the history of early modern medicine, psychiatry, religion and culture.

Witchcraft Historiography (review)

Reviewed by: Witchcraft Historiography Michael D. Bailey Jonathan Barry and Owen Davies, eds. Witchcraft Historiography. Hound-mills, U.K.: Palgrave Macmillan, 2007. Pp. x + 248. This important collection should be of interest to almost all readers of this journal. There have been countless book-length studies, and no few general surveys, of the history of European witchcraft and witch-hunting from the fifteenth through eighteenth centuries. The historiography of witchcraft, however, has received much less attention, and always in journal or encyclopedia articles, or as sections within books. This is hardly unusual. Book-length historiographies are rare. Yet the historiography of witchcraft is exceptionally fascinating. As the editors note, few other topics have engaged so directly with so many different methods and approaches to doing history. Especially given that much of the work in witchcraft studies is relatively recent (the field really came alive in the 1970s), the number of major methodological problems confronted (and contested) is impressive. The essays in this volume begin long before the 1970s, however, for many of the problems historians face when working on witchcraft stem from the way this phenomenon was conceived and constructed in the past. The first article, by P. G. Maxwell-Stuart, focuses on the era of the trials themselves, and examines how early modern authorities and prosecutors of witchcraft placed the object of their attention in time. His point is that early modern authorities did not generally regard witchcraft as a historical phenomenon, but rather as a manifestation of perennial demonic hostility toward humanity. Although most treatises against witches were very much products of their time, deriving from reformist energies or being spurred by anxieties concerning confessional conflict or wars of religion, their authors did not conceive of witchcraft as a product of any particular age, and so simply did not discuss it in such terms. Maxwell-Stuart's piece is followed by an essay by Peter Elmer focusing on the relation between ideas of witchcraft and the scientific revolution in the seventeenth century. Elmer notes that ever since the Enlightenment, a standard interpretation of the historical decline of witchcraft, or at least of witch trials, has been that progressive developments in science and medicine alleviated the anxieties that fed fear of witches, and ultimately undermined belief [End Page 81] in a supernaturally infected universe. Starting in the 1960s, however, and especially since the 1990s, scholars have increasingly rejected the notion that early modern science was incompatible with belief in witchcraft. Whatever finally pushed fear of witches out of mainstream Western consciousness, it was not some inherently progressive quality of Western intellectual culture. After these two chapters focusing on how ideas of witchcraft interacted with other intellectual currents in the past, the volume begins to move more or less chronologically through post-Enlightenment historiographical developments. Christa Tuczay outlines the mainstream nineteenth-century "liberal rationalist" tradition that regarded early modern witch-beliefs as remnants of "medieval" superstition and the prosecution of supposed witches as an example of irrational religiosity run amok. She associates this tradition above all with Germany and the United States (e.g., Wilhelm Gottlieb Soldan and Joseph Hansen, George Lincoln Burr and Henry Charles Lea). She also notes a countervailing tradition based in Romanticism that regarded witches (potentially) as bearers of ancient and laudable folk beliefs. While she sees the earliest appearance of such ideas in Germany (with Jakob Grimm), she associates it mostly with England and France (Walter Scott and Jules Michelet). In the early twentieth century, strains of the Romantic tradition were responsible for giving rise to the fanciful notion that an actual cult of witches existed in medieval and early modern Europe, either as a functioning ancient fertility cult (Margaret Murray) or, in a quite different vein, as a real diabolical cult (Montague Summers). These developments, and these two personalities, are discussed in the subsequent essay by Juliette Wood. In the second half of the twentieth century, most work on witchcraft continued to follow the "liberal-rationalist" view that elite fears of supposed diabolical conspiracies drove witch-hunting, and that witch trials represented a horrible example of the persecution of innocents. Scholars drew back from declaring such fears or their consequences to be "irrational," however...

CONTEMPORARY MUFTIS BETWEEN BIOETHICS AND SOCIAL REALITY

ABSTRACTSelecting the sex of a fetus has been a desire of parents in many different cultures. Modern Muslim religious scholars have identified advantages and disadvantages of this practice, permitting it in certain cases while forbidding it in others. In general, they do not appear to desire that selection of sex become a common practice, yet they are willing to allow it for personal reasons. This case‐by‐case approach exemplifies a key aspect of Muslim ethical discourse. After an overview of justifications for fetal sex selection in different cultures, I turn to a discussion of authoritative Islamic sources. I then analyze the reasoning of several modern authorities who deal with the issue. In the absence of a clear religious text on the subject, scholars seem inclined to legitimize sex selection, and in so doing they appear strongly influenced by social attitudes.

The Theology of Money

The Theology of Money

Maza, "barley-cake"

Despite the consensus of ancient and modern authorities, μαζα, barley-cake cannot be from μασσω, I knead. Rather, as has been suggested, but not well justified until now, the word comes from Hebrew matstsah, unleavened bread.

Just Intonation in Renaissance Theory and Practice

Just intonation has a reputation as a chimerical, theoretical system that simply cannot work in practice. This is based on the assessment of most modern authorities and supported by misgivings expressed during the Renaissance when the practice was supposedly at its height. Looming large among such misgivings are tuning puzzles printed by the 16th-century mathematician, Giovanni Battista Benedetti. However, Renaissance music theorists are so unanimous in advocating the simple acoustical ratios of Just intonation that it seems clear that some reconciliation must have occurred between the theory and practice of it. This article explores the basic theory of Just intonation as well as problematic passages used to deny its practicability, and proposes solutions that attempt to satisfy both the theory and the ear. Ultimately, a resource is offered to help modern performers approach this valuable art.

The little-known Francesco Scarlatti

I am grateful to Michael Talbot for including me among ‘the modern authorities on the Scarlattis‘ along with two giants of the stature of Edward J. Dent and Ralph Kirkpatrick. Thanks to the important documents discovered by Andrea Sommer Mathis (published in Artigrama: Revista del Departamento de Historia del Arte, University of Zaragoza, xii (1996–7), pp.61–3), Francesco Scarlatti the man is a bit less ‘unknown’ than he appears from Prof. Talbot's review. I have taken note of this in updating my biography of Alessandro and Domenico Scarlatti, which will be published in English by Pendragon Press, but I would not wish to fail to indicate the new information to readers of Early music. As far as the music is concerned, I would like to explain that its exclusion from the five programmes of the Scarlatti Festival held at Palermo between 1999 and 2003 was not deliberate: the Miserere which Mr Hair kindly sent me already suggested the timely possibility of filling so large a gap of information, now happily reduced by the publication of the CD reviewed by Prof. Talbot: even if the quality of the music had not been judged so positively, it would have been extremely interesting to offer the public performances of works undoubtedly composed in Palermo in those years for which other musical works must be considered irretrievably lost. We made some plans, but the void produced by the death of Malcolm Boyd made it extremely difficult to realize these possibilities. Now the suspension of the festival—a sad reflection of the crisis currently affecting all Italian musical institutions—has at least momentarily put off the possibility of bringing the music of Francesco Scarlatti back to Sicily, but I am sure that the details furnished by Prof. Talbot, with his specialist and widely recognized expertise, will encourage further interest in these works, even if their limited number offers little hope that Francesco will free himself from his role of ‘brother to the famous Alessandro Scarlatti’.

The Importance of Democratic Freedoms and Equality in Slovenian Public Administration

The conflict between civil servants and politicians has often been described as the basic problem of modern authorities, for this reason, one must understand and thus research the relationship between these two groups of very influential actors in order to understand the governing process, In modern democracies, civil servants have outgrown their classic role of mere implementers of orders given by politicians. Both civil servants and politicians serve the same democratic state, and both are hews to the same democratic evolution. S argue that based mainly on the historically developed division of labour between bureaucracy and politics civil servants have never been tasked with creating the conditions for more democracy m the state, but instead with creating the conditions for a more effective and successful slate. Given that political bodies in which politicians operate have been established as the institutionalised personification of democracy, the task of politicians is above alt to promote democracy, its values and norms.

The Road to Valley Forge: How Washington Built the Army That Won the Revolution (review)

Reviewed by: The Road to Valley Forge: How Washington Built the Army That Won the Revolution John Shy The Road to Valley Forge: How Washington Built the Army That Won the Revolution. By John Buchanan. Hoboken, N.J.: Wiley, 2004. ISBN 0-471-44156-2. Maps. Illustrations. Notes. Index. Pp. xvi, 368. $30.00. John Buchanan tells a familiar story, told again and again for more than two centuries, the story of how George Washington and the Continental Army survived humiliating defeat in their attempt to defend New York City in 1776, revived their fortunes and hopes for the Revolution in small but stunning victories at Trenton and Princeton, weathered a setback at Brandywine and another at Germantown, and battered but still intact in late 1777 made winter camp in a miserable mudhole known as Valley Forge. Buchanan's version emphasizes how Washington "developed [his army] from a rabble into the makings of a professional force" (p. xi), implying that previous historians have missed this vital point. Along the way, he does not hesitate to glance ahead in his tale, reminding the reader how, for example, the later, unhappy careers of Charles Lee and Horatio Gates should cast doubt on their role and reputations in this early period of the war. His readiness to incorporate eventual outcomes into what purports to be a story of cause and effect did not inspire confidence in this reader, nor did the author's taste for musty stylistic devices, warning us that the later role of Friedrich Steuben "awaits its place in the narrative" (p. 33), or apostrophizing Washington—"No, General, you made an unwise decision that night, and you were lucky to get away with it" (p. 229). But he tells the old story with a straightforward vigor, relying on well-known published sources and the most recent published editions of the papers of Washington, Greene, and Hamilton, as well as the invaluable compilation from British archives by K. G. Davies. He cites modern authorities when he agrees with their judgments, and usually parks them in an endnote when he does not. Old as the tale may be, he sweeps the reader along, deftly incorporating large chunks of primary evidence into the narrative, and sketching a full picture of what the enemy was doing and thinking. Unsurprisingly, there are no startling new revelations. The author is not uncritical of Washington, but as he moves from the high point of Trenton-Princeton to the failures at Brandywine and Germantown in 1777 he relies more on repeated assertion than on evidence to make the case that both Washington and his army were steadily improving. Repeating the well-established legend that Friedrich Steuben completed decisively at Valley Forge the great work begun by Washington, he does not argue his case from the evidence, but instead attacks the recent, excellent book by Wayne Bodle, Valley Forge Winter: Civilians and Soldiers in War (University Park, Pa.: Penn State University Press, 2002), who heretically suggests that the later performance of the army at the battle of Monmouth hardly proves the profound and lasting influence of Steuben's training. Why Buchanan chose to attack Bodle, who offers far more evidence for the positive results of Steuben's work than does Buchanan himself, is a mystery. In the first paragraph of his preface, Buchanan draws a line between [End Page 549] those who are concerned with the impact of war on society and his own book, whose focus is not on the politicians who make revolutions or the civilians who suffer through them, but on "the soldiers who win them" (p. xi). Fair enough, except that the soldiers of this army were not far removed from the civilians whose war they fought. The author's drawing of the line between two kinds of military history invites us to compare his book to another work, published in the same year: David Hackett Fischer's Washington's Crossing (New York: Oxford University Press, 2004), whose 379 pages of text closely parallel the first 224 pages of The Road to Valley Forge, down to the end of the winter-spring campaign of 1777 in New Jersey. Fischer has dug more deeply in the record...

12 Concerti grossi, Op. 6/1-12 (review)

Arcangelo Corelli. 12 Concerti grossi, Op. 6/1-12. Edited by Richard Platt. New Urtext Edition. London: Ernst Eulenburg Ltd., c1997. [Pref. in Eng., Gen, Fr., p. v-xxxvii; textual notes, p. xxxviii-xlvi; facsim. reprod, of 1714 title page, p. xlviii; score, 287 p. ISMN M-2002-1891-6; ISBN 3-7957-6726-1; Edition Eulenburg no. 1826-37; EE 6882. £18.] What value is it still possible to add to a scholarly edition of Arcangelo Corelli's venerable and venerated Concerti grossi, op. 6, first issued in a modern edition in 1891 by Joseph Joachim and Friedrich Chrysander (Les oeuvres de Arcangelo Corelli, vols. 4-5 [London: Augener; reprint, 1952, 1965, etc.]; and as Complete Concerti grossi [New York: Dover, 1988]) and published as the fourth volume of the Corelli Gesamtausgabe in 1978 (ed. Rudolf Bossard [Cologne: Arno VoIk])? As far as the score is concerned, there is little enough to do, since there exists a clearly identified editio princeps, brought out in Amsterdam by Estienne Roger in 1714, which is so accurate in textual terms as to prompt a claim (only slightly exaggerated) that it is error-free. The one extant source that does not go back, directly or indirectly, to this edition consists of drafts of two movements in the composer's hand preserved in the Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin-Preusischer Kulturbesitz (Mus. Ms. autogr. A. Corelli 1). These are the Corrente of the tenth concerto and the optional Pastorale concluding the eighth concerto, fatto per Ia notte di Natale. The prime justification for a new edition, leaving aside purely commercial factors, has to be the quality of the information provided on the circumstances of composition of these classic works and possibly also on their reception history and matters of performance practice. In the year preceding the copyright date (1997) of this Eulenburg edition, there appeared a seminal article by the Dutch scholar Rudolf Rasch, the leading modern authority on the Roger-Le Cene publishing firm, which clarified once and for all the sequence of events attending the publication of Corelli's concertos (Corelli's Contract: Notes on the Publication History of the Concerti Grossi . . . Opera Sesta [1714], Tijdschrift van de Koninklijke Vereniging voor Nederlandse Muuekgeschiedenis 46 [1996]: 83-136). On 21 April 1712, the ailing composer entered into a contract with Roger whereby, in return for supplying the concertos, he or his heirs would receive 150 complimentary copies of the edition. The reasoning behind this payment in kind was that in Rome and indeed in the whole of Italy, where Roger's editions did not ordinarily circulate, the composer would be able to market the edition himself and gain an ample reward by doing so. Corelli penned a dedication to the elector Palatine, Johann Wilhelm, which is dated 3 December 1712 (Rasch suggests that, in view of Corelli's poor health, the dedication was ghostwritten by his patron, Cardinal Ottoboni). By the time that the engraving of the edition was complete in the fall of 1714, Corelli had been dead for a year. In his will he had stipulated that his manuscripts and opus 6 should become the property of Matteo Fornari, a leading Roman violinist who had been his steadfast colleague in trios and concertos for several years. Fornari accordingly became the recipient of the complimentary copies. But before sending a bound example of the edition to the elector or selling the remainder locally, Fornari suppressed Corelli's original letter of dedication (which Roger, however, continued to use) and substituted one signed by himself, dated 20 November 1714, which he modeled in graphic respects on the engraved dedication of Corelli's opus 5 (1700). Rasch surmises that Fornari's main purpose in doing this was to emphasize his own role (in reality, very minor) in bringing the project to fruition and thus to increase the likelihood of receiving a gratuity from the elector. Rasch's findings lay to rest the earlier widespread suspicion that the 1712 dedication was a later forgery designed to validate the authenticity of this posthumous opus. …