Moderating Effects Of Age Research Articles

Age of onset moderates the effects of Vascular Risk Factors on Neurodegeneration, Blood-Brain-Barrier permeability, and cognitive decline in Alzheimer's Disease.

The role of Vascular risk factors (VRFs) in the progression of Alzheimer's Disease (AD) and cognitive decline remains to be elucidated, with previous studies resulting in conflicting findings. The possible impact of age-specific mechanisms of resilience/vulnerability is an under addressed issue. We evaluated the association of VRFs with markers of amyloid deposition, neurodegeneration, and blood-brain-barrier (BBB) permeability (Albumin quotient, Qalb), stratifying patients into early-onset (< 65, EOAD), classic late-onset (65-75, cLOAD) and very late-onset (> 75, vLOAD), to evaluate the moderating effect of age of onset. Moreover, we explored the effects of VRFs on cognitive decline at one year follow-up (ΔMMSE). For 368 patients with biologically confirmed AD, we computed eight risk factors in a composite measure of cumulative vascular risk (vascular score, VS). Stratifying patients according to age of onset, we regressed VS and main individual VRFs on p-tau/Aβ42, t-tau and Qalb, and used bootstrapped mediation analysis to test direct and indirect associations of VS with t-tau, using Qalb as mediator. In a subset of 105 patients, we performed multivariate backward regressions to assess the effects of sex, APOE, Qalb, VS, p-tau/Aβ42 and t-tau on ΔMMSE. VS was positively associated with CSF t-tau in more vulnerable groups burdened by more aggressive disease progression (EOAD: β = 0.256, p = 0.019) or aging (vLOAD: β = 0.007, p < 0.001). Conversely, in patients with classic age of onset VS was associated with higher BBB permeability (cLOAD: β = 0.173, p = 0.015), which simultaneously causes the decrease of CSF t-tau, as a possible resilience response. Cognitive decline was not associated with VS in any of the subgroups. Instead, it was affected by both higher CSF t-tau and increased Qalb values in those with very early or very late onset (EOAD and vLOAD), but by Qalb alone in patients with classic age of onset, where CSF t-tau levels might be buffered by BBB permeability. Our results show that age of onset weighs on the heterogeneous effects played by VRFs in AD, which do not seem to have direct impact on cognitive decline. These findings stress the importance of a tailored patient-centered approach to the application of vascular prevention strategies in AD.

Cross-National Trends in Adolescents Psychological and Somatic Complaints Before and After the Onset of COVID-19 Pandemic

PurposeBuilding on research suggesting that the COVID-19 pandemic may have led to an exacerbation of deteriorating trends in mental health among adolescents, this paper examined trends in adolescents' psychological and somatic complaints across 35 countries from 2010 to 2022, and tested trends in sociodemographic inequalities in these outcomes between 2018 and 2022. MethodsUsing data from 792,606 adolescents from 35 countries (51% girls; mean age = 13.5; standard deviation 1.6) across four Health Behaviour in School-aged Children surveys (2010, 2014, 2018, 2022), hierarchical multilevel models estimated cross-national trends in adolescent psychological and somatic complaints. We tested whether observed values in 2022 were in line with predicted values based on 2010–2018 linear trends. Finally, moderation effects of age, family affluence, and family structures on the outcomes were tested (2018–2022). ResultsBoth girls and boys showed substantially higher levels of psychological complaints in 2022 compared with the predicted values. For somatic complaints, higher levels than predicted in 2022 were observed only in girls. Moderation analyses revealed an increase from 2018 to 2022 in age gaps and a narrowing in the socioeconomic gap for both outcomes. Also, there was a widening gap between adolescents living with 2 parents and those living in a single parent household in 2022 compared to 2018. DiscussionCross-national increases in adolescent psychological and somatic complaints were higher than expected in 2022, based on previous trends. Magnitudes of change varied across different sociodemographics groups, with implications for pre-existing mental health inequalities.

Internet use and cognitin among American middle-aged and older adults: The gendered moderating effect of age

The popularity of Internet use brings more potential for healthy cognitive aging among older adults. Emerging studies have examined the age and gender differences in the link between older adults&amp;rsquo; Internet use and cognition. However, few studies have investigated the gendered age difference regarding this association. The purpose of this study was to examine whether age would moderate the effect of Internet use on cognition among middle-aged and older adults and whether this relationship would be different between men and women. A total of 6,338 adults aged 50 or older were drawn on from the 2016 Wave of the Health and Retirement Study. Sequential linear regressions were conducted to examine the interactions between Internet use, age, and gender on cognition. The three-way interaction of Internet use, age, and gender was a significant predictor of cognition (&amp;beta; = 0.01, p &lt; 0.05). Specifically, the positive effect of Internet use on cognition was higher among older women of older age than those of younger age, while the positive effect remained the same for older men of different ages. The Internet offers a valuable resource for engaging middle-aged and older adults in activities that not only provide social interaction but also stimulate cognitive processes. The study suggests that the aging process does not necessarily inhibit the cognitive benefits that middle-aged and older adults can gain from using the Internet. Findings from this study indicated that future Internet/technology training to increase cognition among middle-aged and older adults should be age- and gender-tailored.

Determinants of the Unconditional Basic Income Acceptance Among German Citizens: An Empirical Analysis Based on Innovation Resistance Theory

ABSTRACTConsidering the uncertainty that accompanies political reforms, this study examines the determinants of universal basic income (UBI) acceptance among a representative sample of 593 German citizens using innovation resistance theory. The study aimed to determine whether passive innovation resistance (PIR) negatively influences UBI acceptance and to investigate how active evaluation of pro‐ and con‐arguments, potentially leading to active innovation resistance (AIR), affects this relationship. The results indicate that both PIR and AIR reduce UBI acceptance. Social influence and individual advantages appear to be the primary drivers of UBI support, while counter‐arguments have a relatively minor impact. AIR is mainly influenced by individual economic effects, universality and social justice, whereas unconditionality has a negligible effect. The study also reveals moderation effects of age and political orientation (liberal vs. conservative) and provides practical insights along with suggestions for future research.

Number of Chronic Conditions and Death Anxiety Among Older Adults in Rural China: A Longitudinal Study in Anhui Province.

Objectives: Death anxiety is feelings of worry and fear regarding death. This study explored the effect of number of chronic conditions on death anxiety in older adults and the moderating effect of age. Methods: This study used the fifth, sixth, seventh, and eighth waves of longitudinal data (2012-2021) collected in Anhui, China (5014 person-year observations). A mixed linear model was used to examine the effect of number of chronic conditions on death anxiety and the moderating effect of age. Results: The number of chronic conditions showed an inverted U-shaped relationship with death anxiety, with death anxiety being lower in older adults with older age. As age increased, the U-shaped curve became flatter, and the extremes shifted to the right. Discussion: Particular attention should be given to younger older adults with chronic conditions to help them recover earlier from the negative impact by providing information and counseling about their chronic conditions.

Shaping sustainable tourism: how minimalism and citizenship behavior influence tourists’ proenvironmental behavior

Purpose This study aims to examine the roles of minimalist and citizenship behaviors in influencing sustainable tourism practices. It further examined the role of moral credit as a mediating factor in these relationships. Additionally, this research scrutinizes the moderating effects of age and gender on these behavioral influences. Design/methodology/approach This study used a descriptive, quantitative and cross-sectional design to examine the data of 451 tourists visiting three destinations in India. The proposed conceptual model was evaluated through partial least squares structural equation Modeling, and the impact of the control variables was examined via PLS-Multi Group Analysis. Findings The results confirmed that minimalist and citizenship behaviors significantly influence pro-environmental actions. Moral credit has emerged as a pivotal bridge between these behaviors and sustainable tourism practices, underscoring its mediating role. Additionally, the analysis revealed that age and gender substantially moderated these relationships, highlighting the demographic-specific dynamics. Originality/value This study provides novel insights into how behaviors such as minimalism and citizenship contribute to sustainable travel practices. The identification of moral credit as a key mediator, along with the demographic nuances of age and gender, offers unique perspectives on sustainable consumer behavior dynamics within tourism. These findings provide valuable directions for stakeholders in sustainable tourism and policymakers aiming to cultivate positive consumer behaviors and advance the sustainability of the sector.

A - 80 Moderating Effect of Age on the Relationship between Mood and Executive Functioning among South Asians

Abstract Objective This study investigated whether depression and anxiety are associated with executive functioning (EF) performance among South Asians living in the United States (US). Further, we explored whether age moderated this relationship. Method This retrospective chart analysis study included 28 South Asians referred for a neuropsychological evaluation within multiple northeast US-based outpatient clinics. Participants completed the Beck Depression Inventory-2nd edition (BDI-II), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Stroop Color Word Test- Color-Word Trial (SCWT-CW), and Verbal Fluency (FAS). Participants were dichotomized by age threshold (age 50 cut-off). Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the moderating effect of age on mood and EF. Results The sample comprised 13 younger adults and 15 older adults (50+), with 60.7% male (Meducation = 16.0, SD = 2.3). Regression analysis indicated a significant overall model between age, BDI-II, and SCWT-CW (F(1,25) = 3.01, p &amp;lt; 0.05, ΔR2 = 0.27). Further interaction analysis showed a stronger positive interaction effect between BDI-II and SCWT-CW (β = 5.39, F(1,24) = 4.91, p &amp;lt; 0.05, ΔR2 = 0.15) in the younger adult group. Conclusions Findings suggest that South Asian older adults with lower levels of depression have worse performance on EF than younger adults. This is one of the first studies to identify links between age, mood, and EF. Interpretation is challenging given that the mean scores of depression and SCWT-CW were in the mild range. Future studies are needed to understand how factors, such as English speaking proficiency and acculturation, may moderate the association and impact clinical relevance.

Blood Pressure, Antihypertensive Use, and Late-Life Alzheimer and Non-Alzheimer Dementia Risk: An Individual Participant Data Meta-Analysis.

Previous randomized controlled trials and longitudinal studies have indicated that ongoing antihypertensive use in late life reduces all-cause dementia risk, but the specific impact on Alzheimer dementia (AD) and non-AD risk remains unclear. This study investigates whether previous hypertension or antihypertensive use modifies AD or non-AD risk in late life and the ideal blood pressure (BP) for risk reduction in a diverse consortium of cohort studies. This individual participant data meta-analysis included community-based longitudinal studies of aging from a preexisting consortium. The main outcomes were risk of developing AD and non-AD. The main exposures were hypertension history/antihypertensive use and baseline systolic BP/diastolic BP. Mixed-effects Cox proportional hazards models were used to assess risk and natural splines were applied to model the relationship between BP and the dementia outcomes. The main model controlled for age, age2, sex, education, ethnoracial group, and study cohort. Supplementary analyses included a fully adjusted model, an analysis restricting to those with >5 years of follow-up and models that examined the moderating effect of age, sex, and ethnoracial group. There were 31,250 participants from 14 nations in the analysis (41% male) with a mean baseline age of 72 (SD 7.5, range 60-110) years. Participants with untreated hypertension had a 36% (hazard ratio [HR] 1.36, 95% CI 1.01-1.83, p = 0.0406) and 42% (HR 1.42, 95% CI 1.08-1.87, p = 0.0135) increased risk of AD compared with "healthy controls" and those with treated hypertension, respectively. Compared with "healthy controls" both those with treated (HR 1.29, 95% CI 1.03-1.60, p = 0.0267) and untreated hypertension (HR 1.69, 95% CI 1.19-2.40, p = 0.0032) had greater non-AD risk, but there was no difference between the treated and untreated groups. Baseline diastolic BP had a significant U-shaped relationship (p = 0.0227) with non-AD risk in an analysis restricted to those with 5-year follow-up, but otherwise there was no significant relationship between baseline BP and either AD or non-AD risk. Antihypertensive use was associated with decreased AD but not non-AD risk throughout late life. This suggests that treating hypertension throughout late life continues to be crucial in AD risk mitigation. A single measure of BP was not associated with AD risk, but DBP may have a U-shaped relationship with non-AD risk over longer periods in late life.

Chronotype and lifestyle in the transition to adulthood: Exploring the role of sleep health and circadian misalignment

ObjectivesThe present study aimed at exploring the association between eveningness and lifestyle-related variables, that is, body mass index, alcohol, and cigarette consumption, in adults (18-40years), focusing on the possible moderator effect of age and the role of sleep disturbances and circadian misalignment (social jetlag). MethodsA web-based survey was administered to 437 participants, covering demographics, lifestyle-related variables, chronotype, sleep quality, and daytime sleepiness. A subset of 206 participants wore a wrist actigraph for a week, allowing the creation of a sleep health index within the RU-SATED framework. Regression analysis was used to investigate the associations between chronotype and lifestyle-related outcomes, accounting for social jetlag and sleep health; and to explore the lifestyle trajectories over time. ResultsEvening chronotypes showed higher body mass index levels, consumed more alcohol, and smoked more cigarettes than other circadian typologies, in particular after 25 years of age. Poor sleep health and social jetlag significantly contribute to explaining evening types smoking behavior, while not affecting body mass index levels. Social jetlag plays a more important role compared to sleep disturbances and eveningness in predicting more detrimental drinking and smoking behavior. ConclusionsParticipants who maintain the evening trait past the age of 25years are more prone to adopt an unhealthy lifestyle, especially if experiencing poor sleep health and circadian misalignment. Circadian preferences and sleep health should be considered when planning interventions aimed at promoting healthy lifestyles in adults aged 18-40years. Further investigations should explore the effect of modifications in lifestyle in the prevention of noncommunicable diseases.

Changes in essentialist beliefs about cognitive aging predicts changes in mental health: Evidence from a 10-year longitudinal study.

The belief that aging-related cognitive decline is inevitable is associated with impaired cognitive performance of older adults. Little is, however, known about the association between changes in essentialist beliefs about cognitive aging and mental health in the long term and among both younger and older adults. From a theoretical perspective, it would be expected that changes in essentialist beliefs about cognitive aging predict changes in mental health among older adults compared to younger adults. These differential associations have not yet been prospectively investigated. Using longitudinal data, the association between changes in essentialist beliefs about cognitive aging and mental health outcomes and the moderation effect of age were assessed. Mental health includes well-being and mental illness (depression, anxiety, and panic symptoms). Data from adult participants (n = 4,963 with a mean age of 55.41 years, range 28-84 years) in a U.S. national longitudinal study were analyzed. A series of two-wave latent change score models indicated that changes in essentialist beliefs about cognitive aging are associated with changes in well-being and mental illness. Age did not moderate the relationship between changes in essentialist beliefs about aging and changes in mental health (i.e., mental illness and well-being). The present study highlights change-to-change dynamics between essentialist beliefs about cognitive aging and mental health, regardless of age. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

The Moderation Effect of Age on the Relationship between ESG Management and Corporate Reputation in the Hotel Industry

The Moderation Effect of Age on the Relationship between ESG Management and Corporate Reputation in the Hotel Industry

The effect of ChatGPT literacy on users" satisfaction with tourism information acquisition: the mediating effect of perceived value and the moderating effect of age

The effect of ChatGPT literacy on users" satisfaction with tourism information acquisition: the mediating effect of perceived value and the moderating effect of age

The Association between Emotional Intelligence and Prosocial Behaviors in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Emotional intelligence and prosocial behavior both play an important role in the development of children and adolescents. However, the strength of the association between emotional intelligence and prosocial behavior in children and adolescents is controversial. Hence, this study aimed to conduct a meta-analysis to evaluate the exact association between emotional intelligence and prosocial behavior in children and adolescents. Through a literature search, a total of 40 studies and 40 effect sizes were included in this meta-analysis (n = 20621). In this study, the main effect test shows that there is a significant positive correlation between emotional intelligence and prosocial behavior in children and adolescents (r = 0.43). Moreover, the present study found a significant moderating effect of age. More specifically, the association between early childhood (0-6 years) emotional intelligence and prosocial behavior is stronger than in middle childhood (7-12 years) and adolescence (13-18 years), and the correlation between emotional intelligence and prosocial behavior is stronger in boys than in girls. The culture was also found to be an important moderator, the association was found to be weaker for Western culture than for Eastern culture. Finally, a stronger correlation between the two variables was found when the emotional intelligence measurement tool was LZ (Emotional intelligence questionnaire compiled by Liu Yan and Zou Hong). These results indicated that improving children's and adolescents' emotional intelligence could be an important strategy to enhance children's prosocial behavior.

Patterns of teachers' responses to school bullying and their associations with training, self-efficacy, and age: A moderated mediation model.

Bullying remains a pervasive issue in educational settings worldwide. This study examined the effect of teacher training and self-efficacy on teachers' responses to school bullying with the moderating effect of age. Drawing on data from 585 Taiwanese primary and secondary school teachers, the study revealed six distinct response patterns to bullying among Taiwanese teachers. The results underscore the critical role of self-efficacy in enabling proactive responses to bullying, highlighting that training programs that boost teachers' self-efficacy can be effective across different age groups. Furthermore, the research points to the necessity of differentiated training approaches that consider teachers' age to enhance responses of mediating involvers. This study contributes to the broader discourse on bullying prevention, emphasizing the importance of teacher training and the need for further research into the nuanced relationships between teacher characteristics, self-efficacy, and intervention strategies in diverse cultural settings.

Brand loyalty for mobile devices from the perspective of Vietnamese culture: antecedents and moderating effects of age

This study examines the correlations between brand personality, identity, perceived quality, and loyalty, as well as the moderating effect of age. The paper uses structural equation modeling and survey methodologies to present the findings. The data were collected from 228 Vietnamese respondents for the primary analysis. The research results show that brand personality, identification, and perceived quality positively affect brand loyalty. Age also negatively moderates the relationship between brand personality and brand loyalty, and positively moderates the relationship between perceived quality and brand loyalty; however, it does not moderate brand identification-loyalty connections. Additionally, brand loyalty is influenced by brand personality, identification, and perceived quality. Age moderates these relationships. The findings on the moderating effects of age are pioneering academically, especially in Vietnam. This study offers practical recommendations to address branding and marketing issues in business management. Based on moderating effects, managers and businesspeople can create marketing and branding campaigns that target the right age groups for each antecedent.

The impact of tinnitus on speech perception in noise: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Tinnitus is a condition that causes people to hear sounds without an external source. One significant issue arising from this condition is the difficulty in communicating, especially in the presence of noisy backgrounds. The process of understanding speech in challenging situations requires both cognitive and auditory abilities. Since tinnitus presents unique challenges, it is important to investigate how it affects speech perception in noise. In this review, 32 articles were investigated to determine the effect of tinnitus on the effect of speech in noise perception performance. Based on the meta-analysis performed using a random-effects model, meta-regression was used to explore the moderating effects of age and hearing acuity. A total of 32 studies were reviewed, and the results of the meta-analysis revealed that tinnitus significantly impacts speech in terms of noise perception performance. Additionally, the regression analysis revealed that age and hearing acuity are not significant predictors of speech in noise perception. Our findings suggest that tinnitus affects speech perception in noisy environments due to cognitive impairments and central auditory processing deficits. Hearing loss and aging also contribute to reduced speech in noise performance. Interventions and further research are necessary to address individual challenges associated with continuous subjective tinnitus.

The role of social network diversity in self-perceptions of aging in later life

While the link between self-perceptions of aging (SPA) and healthy aging is well established, less is known about the association between social factors and SPA. The present study investigated whether higher social network diversity is associated with more positive and less negative SPA and whether this association is moderated by age. We examined cross-sectional data from the German Ageing Survey of 2008 (DEAS; N = 6205, 40–85 years, 49.5% female). Network diversity was assessed as the number of social roles in an individual’s network (such as spouse, friend and colleague). Three domains of SPA were measured using the Aging-Related Cognitions Scale (AgeCog): ongoing development (positive SPA), social losses (negative SPA) and physical losses (negative SPA). We conducted multiple linear regression models and tested for a moderator effect of age using an interaction term of age and network diversity. Results showed that at higher ages older adults with higher network diversity reported more positive SPA related to ongoing development and more negative SPA related to social losses than those with less diverse networks, indicating that age has a moderating effect. We found no association between network diversity and negative SPA related to physical losses and no indication that age was relevant to this relationship. The present study adds to evidence on the role of social networks in SPA. Our findings suggest that in certain SPA domains and depending on age, network diversity is related to both more positive and more negative SPA, which emphasizes the importance of considering domain-specific SPA.

Investigating the interplay of organizational social capital, university image and perceived employability on career satisfaction of information technology professionals

PurposeThis study aims to examine the relationship between organizational social capital, university image, perceived employability and career satisfaction of information technology (IT) professionals. It also aims to investigate the moderating effects of diverse age groups of IT professionals on the antecedents and consequences of career satisfaction.Design/methodology/approachVariance-based partial least square structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) technique was used to analyze a dataset of 412 responses from IT professionals. The predictive relevance of career satisfaction was estimated through PLS predict, and the relative importance of determinants was analyzed through importance-performance map analysis (IPMA). PLS Multi-group analysis (PLS-MGA) and measurement invariance of composites (MICOM) were used to estimate the moderating effects of age groups.FindingsThe findings of this study indicate that university image is perceived as the crucial factor for career satisfaction by IT professionals followed by perceived employability and organizational social capital. Gender was found to be a positive predictor of career satisfaction. PLS-MGA results indicate that organizational social capital is a prominent predictor of career satisfaction for middle-aged professionals as compared to young professionals as the latter consider university image to be more important.Originality/valueThis is the first study to examine the relationship between organizational social capital, university image, perceived employability, and career satisfaction of IT professionals in a developing country context.

Gender differences in mathematics anxiety: A meta-analysis of Chinese children

Mathematics anxiety (MA) is a widespread phenomenon that affects an individual's learning of mathematics. MA between different genders has been of great interest to researchers. Meta–analysis was used to examine the relationship between MA and gender in Chinese children, along with the influencing factors. After literature search and screening, 83 papers and 91 independent samples met the inclusion criteria. The results of the main effect test of the random effect model revealed a correlation of significant levels between MA and gender, r = −0.131, 95%CI [−0.158, −0.105], Z = –9.508, and p < 0.001. Girls had higher MA than boys. The outcomes of the moderating effect test indicated that the moderating effect of age, economic region and measurement instrument in the relationship between MA and gender was significant. But the moderating effect of period was not significant. Specifically, gender differences in MA were greater at the middle school compared to the elementary school. And the greatest correlation between children's MA and gender was in the western region. The gender difference of MA measured by different instruments varied.

Identifying the influence of obsolescence risk and health beliefs in fitness wearable healthcare technology

ABSTRACT This study aimed to examine factors influencing the adoption of fitness wearable technologies (FWTs) by extending the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT2). A survey was conducted with 574 fitness wearable users in India to test a conceptual Fitness Wearable Adoption Model (FWAM) incorporating additional constructs of obsolescence risk, health belief, and perceived accuracy alongside UTAUT2 variables. Structural equation modeling revealed performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, hedonic motivation, price value, health belief, and obsolescence risk positively affected adoption intentions, while perceived security had no effect. Perceived accuracy mediated the impact of performance expectancy, while price value mediated the relationship between obsolescence risk and intentions. The research makes key contributions by adapting UTAUT2 to a new context, integrating additional adoption factors, identifying mediating mechanisms, and revealing moderating effects of age. Findings provide valuable insights into consumer acceptance of fitness wearables that can inform strategies for manufacturers, marketers, and health practitioners to promote adoption. A major focus of the investigation is to develop strategies for increasing the adoption of wrist-worn fitness technology that provides an opportunity for fitness wearable technology manufacturers to strengthen relationships with older age groups through effective communication techniques.