Moderated Mediation Effect Research Articles

Social anxiety and social networking service addiction proneness among university students: A moderated mediation model of narcissism and gender.

This study aims to investigate the mediation effect of narcissism and the mediation effect moderated by gender in the effect of social anxiety on university students' SNS addiction. In this cross-sectional survey, university students, aged 19 to 29 were selected from two provinces in South Korea. The sample size was calculated using G*power 3.1., and a sample of 170 university students was used in the final analysis. To perform the analysis, descriptive statistics; independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, and Pearson's correlation were used. The data collected was statistically analyzed using SPSS Program 23.0 and SPSS PROCESS macro (version 4.0). The moderated mediation effect was significant in both male and female groups. The mediation effect of narcissism on the relationship between social anxiety and SNS addiction proneness was stronger in the female group than in the male group. The findings have the potential to provide substantial basic data for developing health promotion and education programs to reduce university students' social anxiety, narcissism, and SNS addiction.

학업적 자기효능감과 대학생활적응 간의 관계에서 회복탄력성과 사회적지지의 조절된 매개효과

Objectives This study aimed to analyze the moderated mediating effect of resilience and social support in the re-lationship between academic self-efficacy and college adjustment among university students. Methods The study was conducted with a sample of 200 university students in the metropolitan area of South Korea. The research period was from November 1, 2023, to November 15, 2023. The research subjects were sur-veyed using measurement tools for academic self-efficacy, college adaptation, resilience, and social support. The data was then analyzed for moderated mediation effects using the SPSS MACRO Model 5. Results The research analysis revealed that academic self-efficacy had an impact on resilience. Furthermore, academic self-efficacy, resilience, and social support were found to influence college adjustment. The results also indicated that resilience mediated the relationship between academic self-efficacy and college adjustment, while social support had a moderating effect on the relationship between academic self-efficacy and college adjustment. Conclusions Therefore, it is crucial to foster academic self-efficacy among university students and enhance their resilience capacity and social support to adapt to college life effectively. The findings of this study can serve as foundational data for the development of programs targeting academic self-efficacy and resilience for university students. Additionally, it highlights the need for educational and programmatic interventions to improve social support and create a supportive environment for university students.

The Effect of Event Centrality on Post Traumatic Growth :The Moderated Mediation Effect of Deliberate Rumination and Social Support

The Effect of Event Centrality on Post Traumatic Growth :The Moderated Mediation Effect of Deliberate Rumination and Social Support

고등학생의 사회부과 완벽주의가 학업지연행동에 미치는 영향

Objectives The purposes of this study were to observe the moderated mediation effect of social supports by fear of failure in the relationship between socially prescribed perfectionism and academic procrastination. Methods For this research, an online self-report survey was conducted on 385 students (177 males and 208 fe-males) attending four academic high schools located at southern Gyeonggi Province. Results The results of the analysis based on the collected data are as followed. First, it was found that socially pre-scribed perfectionism had a direct effect on academic procrastination. In other words, students with higher so-cially prescribed perfectionism had tendency to experience academic procrastination often. Second, it was found that fear of failure had a complete mediating effect in the relationship between socially prescribed perfectionism and academic procrastination. In other words, the effect of socially prescribed perfectionism on academic pro-crastination was meditated through fear of failure. Third, it was found that social supports had a moderating effect in the relationship between fear of failure and academic procrastination. Furthermore, social supports were found to strengthen the impact between fear of failure and academic procrastination. In other words, the greater the so-cial supports, the greater the impact between fear of failure and academic procrastination. However, when the fear of failure was low, the higher the social supports, the less academic procrastination. On the other hand, when the fear of failure was high, the academic procrastination appeared frequently regardless of the level of social supports. Depending on the degree of fear of failure, people perceived reputation from others negatively or pos-itively, which can be thought to affect academic procrastination. Fourth, social prescribed perfectionism affected academic procrastination through fear of failure controlled by the social supports. Furthermore, it was found that there was the moderated mediation of social supports by fear of failure when social supports were average or above average. On the other hand, when social supports were low, the moderated mediation of social supports by fear of failure was found to be invalid. Conclusions Based on these results, the academic and clinical implications of this study are as followed. Depending on the degree of fear of failure, social supports can be perceived to learners in different ways and have different effects on academic procrastination. Therefore, it is necessary to provide appropriate social supports in consideration of learners' tendencies instead of providing unconditional social supports.

Does leisure time improve your job and life satisfaction? The mediating effect of work-life conflict and the moderating effects of organizational support

ABSTRACT Based on the conservation of resource theory, this study aimed to investigate the mediating effects of work-life conflict between leisure time and satisfaction, and the moderating effects of organizational support. A two-stage questionnaire survey was conducted at an interval of one month. 203 effective questionnaires were collected. The result shows that leisure time negatively affects work-life conflict; work-life conflict negatively affects life satisfaction and job satisfaction; work-life conflict has mediating effects between leisure time and both satisfactions; organizational support has a moderated mediation effect when leisure time affects job satisfaction through work-life conflict. Work-life conflict is still an important stress management challenge. The key to reducing work-life conflict is to balance work and life. The discussion of this study and outline of future directions for research were discussed.

아동기 및 청소년기 우울 및 불안과 위축감, 자살사고 간 자아존중감의 매개된 조절효과

This study compared and analyzed the mediating effect of depression and the moderating effect of self-esteem on the effects of childhood depression and anxiety on suicidal thoughts in elementary, middle, and high school students according to developmental stage. Unlike existing studies that individually examined the development of elementary, middle, and high school students, this study aimed to suggest intervention measures to prevent suicidal thoughts in childhood by comparing the development stages of elementary, middle, and high school students. The data for this study are data from the 10th (2015), 13th (2018), and 16th (2021) Children's Supplementary Survey of the Korea Welfare Panel, which includes elementary school students in the 10th round, middle school students in the 13th round, and high school students in the 16th round. A total of 1,174 people were used for analysis. The research model was analyzed using the SPSS program and PROCESS macro. Looking at the results of the analysis, first, as a result of confirming the mediating effect of feelings of withdrawal in the relationship between depression and anxiety in childhood and suicidal thoughts in adolescence according to developmental stage, it was confirmed that there was a partial mediating effect in middle school and high school. Second, in the relationship between depression and anxiety in childhood, feelings of withdrawal, and suicidal thoughts in adolescence according to developmental stage, the mediated moderating effect of self-esteem was confirmed in middle school and high school students, but it was confirmed that there was no moderating effect of self-esteem in elementary school students. The above research results were discussed based on previous research, and based on these results, an effective intervention plan was proposed to reduce suicidal thoughts in adolescence.

CSR perceptions, meaningful work and innovative behaviors: the moderated mediation effects of co-worker instrumental and emotional support

PurposeThis study examines the role of meaningful work in mediating the relationship between employees’ perceptions of corporate social responsibility (CSR) and innovative behavior. This study further examines how co-worker support, both instrumental and emotional, moderates the meaningful work–innovative behavior relationship.Design/methodology/approachUtilizing survey data from 355 employees in South Korea with a two-wave longitudinal design, path modeling with the M-plus PROCESS macro was performed to analyze the mediation and second-stage moderated mediation effects.FindingsThe results showed that the relationship between employee CSR perceptions and innovative behavior was mediated by meaningful work. Co-worker instrumental support strengthened the meaningful work–innovative behavior relationship, whereas co-worker emotional support had no significant moderating effect. The three-way interaction analysis indicated that the meaningful work–innovative behavior relationship was weakest when co-worker instrumental support was low. Additionally, instrumental support by co-workers moderated the indirect effect of CSR perceptions on innovative behavior via meaningful work.Originality/valueThis research contributes to the literature on CSR perceptions and meaningful work. Our focus on meaningful work as a key psychological mechanism provides insights into how and why employee CSR perceptions promote desirable outcomes including innovative behavior, an underexplored yet important outcome. Furthermore, by identifying co-worker instrumental support as a significant boundary condition, this study contributes to a more nuanced understanding of the social context that promotes innovative behavior.

The relationship between teachers' disciplinary practices and school bullying and students' satisfaction with school: The moderated mediation effects of sex and school belonging.

An authoritative school climate, along with greater teacher support and warm relations among peers are frequently connected with less school bullying. The main aim of this paper is to examine the direct link as perceived by students between teachers' disciplinary practices and bullying in school and students' satisfaction with school. The indirect relationships are explored via the mediation of school belonging and the moderation of sex. High school students (N = 860, 40.4% male students) completed the Delaware School Climate Survey, the Multidimensional Students' Life Satisfaction Scale, and the Psychological Sense of School Membership Scale at a single time point. In general, teachers' disciplinary practices have significant direct effects on perceptions of bullying and satisfaction with school. Positive disciplinary (direct effect = .28, SE = .04) and SEL techniques (direct effect = .22, SE = .04) are related to bullying only among males, while punitive techniques are directly linked to school bullying unrelated to sex (b = .03, SE = .05). Similarly, the effect of positive disciplinary (direct effect = .27, SE = .08) and SEL (direct effect = .21, SE = .08) techniques on satisfaction with school was significant only among males. A direct relationship between punitive disciplinary techniques and satisfaction with school was not recognized. The mediation analysis revealed the indirect effects of teachers' disciplinary practices on the dependent variables via school belonging to be stronger among females. Teachers' negative modeling through punitive disciplinary practices leads to more bullying. School belonging may serve as a protective factor related to the negative impact of teachers' disciplinary practices on school bullying as well as satisfaction with school, especially among females. Interventions should be focused on fostering school belonging along with the development of positive sex-specific disciplinary practices.

Unraveling the dark side of ChatGPT: a moderated mediation model of technology anxiety and technostress

PurposeLimited knowledge exists regarding the adverse effects of artificial intelligence adoption, including platforms like ChatGPT, on users’ mental well-being. The current research seeks to adopt the insight from the stressor-strain-outcome paradigm and a moderated mediation model to examine how technology anxiety moderates the direct and indirect relationships between compulsive use of ChatGPT, technostress, and life satisfaction.Design/methodology/approachDrawing data from a sample of 2,602 ChatGPT users in Vietnam, PROCESS macro was approached to test the moderated mediation model.FindingsThe findings indicate that compulsive use of ChatGPT exhibited a substantial and positive impact on technostress, while technostress was found to have a negative influence on life satisfaction. Moreover, although compulsive use of ChatGPT did not show a significant direct effect, it indirectly impacts life satisfaction via technostress. Remarkably, technology anxiety was found to significantly moderate both direct and indirect associations between compulsive use of ChatGPT, technostress, and life satisfaction.Practical implicationsBased on the findings of this research, some practical implications are provided.Originality/valueThe research offers a fresh perspective by applying the stressor-strain-outcome perspective to provide empirical evidence on the moderated mediation effects of technology anxiety and technostress on the relationship between compulsive use of ChatGPT and users’ life satisfaction. The research thus sheds new light on artificial intelligence adoption and its effects on users’ mental health.

A Study on the Impact of Intellectual Property Protection on Regional Innovation Efficiency Based on Mediation Effects: Evidence from China

In the context of escalating economic globalization, global scientific and technological endeavours have surged, catalyzing intensified competition among sovereign entities. Currently, human society is in the throes of transitioning to a new economic epoch characterized by a foundation in knowledge resources. Within this epoch, technological innovation and intellectual property emerge as pivotal in augmenting the core competitiveness of nations. This investigation, leveraging data spanning from 2011 to 2020 across 30 provinces, municipalities, and autonomous regions within China (excluding Tibet, Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan), employs a moderating mediation effect model to scrutinize the mechanism by which the intensity of intellectual property protection influences regional innovation performance. The empirical findings elucidate that the enactment of pertinent policies not only reinforces the safeguarding of intellectual property, thereby amplifying regional innovation efficiency and the level of scientific and technological progress; however, it concurrently elevates the expenditures associated with scientific research and development. For small and medium-sized enterprises, the suboptimal ratio of investment return precipitates a deficiency in innovation impetus, subsequently exerting an adverse effect on regional R&D investment. Moreover, the influx of foreign direct investment (FDI) functions as a regulatory mechanism within this context, significantly moderating the correlation between intellectual property protection and innovation efficiency, in addition to exerting a positive moderative influence on the relationship between intellectual property protection and R&D investment.

Microcredit and women entrepreneurial success: a moderated mediation effect of household economic status

PurposeThis paper examines whether household economic status mediates the effect of microcredit on entrepreneurial success amongst women microcredit clients and if this effect is conditional on the borrower’s marital status.Design/methodology/approachThis cross-sectional study uses primary data collected through a structured questionnaire from microcredit borrowers in Tanzania. The selection of the respondents for the survey involved categorising them based on their loan amount and length of membership in the program and randomly picking them for study participation. To realise the study objective, we used the moderated mediation model and employed the Linear-Based Regression Model 8 of the Hayes PROCESS macro V4.1 for SPSS.FindingsThe findings show that the loan amount and household economic status positively and significantly affect entrepreneurial success. However, the effect of microcredit on entrepreneurial success is mediated by household economic status. On the other hand, the direct and indirect effects of microcredit on entrepreneurial success differ depending on the borrowers' marital status, with married borrowers being negatively affected.Originality/valueMicrofinance supporters suggest that microcredit is vital for enterprise development and other socioeconomic outcomes. However, the results are inconclusive, including the role of household economic status. This study provides empirical insights into the moderated mediation effect of household economic status on the relationship between microcredit and entrepreneurial success. The study’s findings and limitations suggest considering not only microcredit and related factors but also the essential role of family factors in future research and design of microfinance services in efforts to support and grow microcredit-assisted women-owned businesses.

Empowering frontline service employees: examining the link between psychological empowerment, prosocial motivation and proactive behavior through the lens of horizontal collectivism

PurposeElucidating self-determination and psychological empowerment theories, the current study aims to examine the link between psychological empowerment and proactive behavior. Additionally, it delves into the mediating role of prosocial motivation and assesses the moderating effects of horizontal collectivism between psychological empowerment and proactive behavior, examining the moderated-mediation effects of horizontal collectivism.Design/methodology/approachA structured questionnaire was distributed in three waves (T1, T2 and T3) among frontline service hotel workers, out of which only 507 were retained and found useful for analysis. The study employed PROCESS macro models 4 and 8 for the analyses.FindingsThe results indicated that psychological empowerment is connected to proactive behavior through the partial mediation of prosocial motivation. Further, when horizontal collectivism is high, the favorable association between psychological empowerment and proactive behavior via prosocial motivation is stronger.Originality/valueProactive service workers have an innate tendency to contribute optimally to their organization. Yet, research is insufficient about the factors that lead to proactive behavior among frontline service hotel workers. To date, there are hardly any empirical studies that have examined the buffering effects of horizontal collectivism between psychological empowerment and proactive behavior, which contributes to the originality and novelty of our research. In addition, this study offers practical implications related to ways to improve psychological empowerment among frontline service hotel workers in the ever-increasing era of automation.

From Trolling Victimization to Reactive Trolling: Moderated Mediation Effects of Online Disinhibition and Motivations

Online trolling behavior is becoming prevalent and has received increasing attention. Although few qualitative studies demonstrated that victims of online trolling are more likely to troll others, quantitative evidence examining such a phenomenon is lacking. Drawing on the general aggression model, this study aimed to investigate how trolling victimization affects reactive trolling behaviors and the roles of two motivations (i.e., revenge and social recognition) and online disinhibition during the process. Results from an online survey in China ( N = 626) showed that online trolling victimization was positively associated with online reactive trolling and this relationship was mediated by revenge and social recognition motivations. Additionally, the indirect effect of trolling victimization on reactive trolling via revenge motivation was more pronounced when individuals had higher levels of online disinhibition. The findings of the study extend the existing literature on online trolling and provide insights into the mitigation of online trolling behaviors.

Can high performers take charge? The effects of role breadth self-efficacy and hostile interpersonal environment

This study develops a research model of how and when high performers bring about constructive changes at work. Drawing from the social cognitive theory of self-regulation, we examined the mediating effect of role breadth self-efficacy (RBSE) on the relationship between task performance and taking charge. Moreover, we investigated the moderating effects of two forms of interpersonal hostility in the workplace (abusive supervision and group coworker undermining) on this mediated relationship. We conducted a field study and an experiment to test our theoretical model. Across both studies, the results showed that RBSE mediated the positive effect of task performance on taking charge. Group coworker undermining moderated the positive relationship between task performance and RBSE. The results also supported the moderated mediation effect of task performance on taking charge via RBSE contingent on group coworker undermining. We discuss the theoretical and practical implications of managing high performers to initiate constructive changes.

Does environmental knowledge and performance engender environmental behavior at airports? A moderated mediation effect

PurposeDrawing on the reasoned action theory, this study aims to examine the impact of environmental knowledge (EK) and environmental sustainability performance (EP) on environmental behavior (EB) mediated by environmental attitude (ATT). Furthermore, to examine the moderating effect of environmental advertising (ADD) on the indirect relationship between EP and EB, mediated by ATT on the one hand, and EK on EB, on the other hand, mediated by ATT.Design/methodology/approachThe data were gathered within an international context for passengers from North African countries (NAC) (Egypt, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya, Morocco and Sudan) using primary quantitative data from online and self-administered questionnaires. A total of 1,052 questionnaires were collected from passengers who traveled through Egyptian airports. The collected data were analyzed through covariance-based structural equation modeling.FindingsThe findings indicated that ATT moderates the relationship between environmental knowledge and behavior. In addition, ATT mediates the airports' environmental behavior and environmental sustainability performance. Moreover, ADD moderates the indirect association between EP and individuals' environmental knowledge and behavior through the mediated effect of ATT.Research limitations/implicationsThis research output will help extend the theory’s scope by conceptualizing its abstract ideas using research variables and applying them in NAC countries. This can be a milestone for altering individuals' behavior toward the environment in airports.Practical implicationsThis study aims to assist airport authorities in the development of standards for enhancing environmental performance. Enhancing environmental issues is of utmost importance, especially in the context of airports, which have been a subject of significant environmental concern. This study examined the environmental practices of airport passengers in NAC, given their significant role as the primary source of greenhouse gas emissions on the African continent. The present approach has the potential to be utilized in modifying airport conduct and enhancing stakeholder engagement, specifically within the context of NAC.Social implicationsThe objective of this study is to enhance the relationship between nature and humans by endeavoring to modify human attitudes toward the environment. The objective of this initiative is to bridge the current disparity in the socio-environmental connection by fostering environmental consciousness among individuals who utilize airport facilities. The objective will be accomplished by the construction of a theoretical framework that integrates crucial elements acknowledged for their substantial influence on altering human attitudes, thus fostering a greater sense of environmental consciousness and ultimately improving societal well-being.Originality/valueSince the global supply chain prioritizes environmental transportation systems, this study provides a conceptual framework for airport authorities to develop and create policies to push air passengers' behavior toward environmental practices in NAC.

Does the conflict between work and family hinder thriving? Role of depersonalization and intrinsic motivation

PurposeElucidating on the concrete outline of conservation of resource theory, this study aims to explore the links between work-family conflict and workplace thriving. In particular, this study has integrated depersonalization as a mediator and tested the moderated mediation effects of intrinsic motivation in work-family conflict and depersonalization relationships.Design/methodology/approachData were collected using a sample of 357 doctors working across various public hospitals in India over two waves (T1 and T2) and was tested using AMOS and Process Macros.FindingsExploration reveals that work-family conflict is negatively associated with workplace thriving. The mediating role of depersonalization in between work-family conflict and workplace thriving was established. Moreover, the moderating role of intrinsic motivation in work-family conflict and workplace thriving via depersonalization was also established.Originality/valueThe present study makes a theoretical addition to the literature by investigating nuances through which work-family conflict relationships and thriving at the workplace can be affected. To date, such a relationship has not been established. The study also extends the role of depersonalization as an underlying mechanism between work-family conflict and workplace thriving, making an imperative contribution. This study also tested the moderating role of intrinsic motivation. Overall, these relationships are novel and have been seldom reported.

State boredom increases consumers' gift‐giving intentions in entertainment live‐streaming: A moderated dual‐mediation model

AbstractGift‐giving during live‐streaming has emerged as an important revenue‐generating mechanism for streamers. However, the mechanisms and factors influencing consumers' gift‐giving intentions remain unclear. Considering the novel aspect of the highly visible social context in entertainment live‐streaming, this research proposed a moderated dual‐mediation model of gift‐giving. Three experimental studies were conducted to investigate the relationship between state boredom and consumers' gift‐giving intentions. Study 1 discovered that state boredom increased consumers' gift‐giving intentions. Study 2 revealed that social identity and pleasure consumers obtained in the live‐streaming mediated this correlation simultaneously, and eliminated alternative possible mechanisms. Study 3 identified the moderated mediation effect of perceived co‐viewer involvement. Specifically, high levels of perceived co‐viewer involvement positively enhanced the effects of state boredom on consumers' gift‐giving intentions, mediated by a dual‐mechanism of social identity and pleasure. This research highlights the positive role of state boredom on gift‐giving during live‐streaming, contributing to the understanding of digital gift‐giving behaviors by investigating consumer's emotion effect and specific mechanisms from social interactions in a new scenario.

Perceived Social Mobility and Smartphone Dependence in University Students: The Roles of Hope and Family Socioeconomic Status.

Drawing upon the cognitive-behavioral model of pathological Internet use (PIU) and tunnel effect, this study aimed to construct a moderated mediation model from the perspective of social ecology. Specifically, the model investigated the relationship between perceived social mobility and smartphone dependence, with a focus on the mediating role of hope and the moderating effect of family socioeconomic status (SES) underlying this relationship. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 718 Chinese university students (Mage = 19.19, 70.2% female) from Beijing, Henan, and Tianjin, who anonymously filled out the Perceptions of Socioeconomic Mobility Scale, Mobile Phone Addiction Index Scale, Openness to the Future Scale, and family socioeconomic status questionnaire. Preliminary data analysis was executed using SPSS 22.0, and the moderated mediation effect was tested using the latent moderated structural equations approach in Mplus 8.3. The results showed that (a) less perceived social mobility was linked with greater smartphone dependence; (b) hope mediated the aforementioned relationship; and (c) family SES moderated the first-stage path of the indirect effect through hope. For university students with low (rather than high) family SES, their level of hope increased with the improvement of perceived social mobility, and in turn, that of smartphone dependence decreased. These findings suggest that positive perceptions of upward social class mobility and hopeful attitudes toward future opportunities and personal development among disadvantaged university students may alleviate their reliance on smartphones. Researchers and policymakers should pay attention to the role of individuals' perceptions of the macro environment in motivating specific risky behaviors among university students. Future interventions are essential to mitigate pessimistic environmental perceptions and foster a sense of hope among university students.

Moderated Mediation Dynamics: Influence of Strategic Linkages and Policy Implementation on Corporate Leadership and Kenya Agricultural Research Organization's Performance

Global demand for safe, affordable, and accessible nutritious food currently exceeds governmental efforts, notwithstanding huge investments in enhancing capacity of organizations mandated to reverse such trends. With the projected 27% increase in global population by 2050, the need for corporate leadership and policy implementation efforts is urgent. The study explored the moderated mediation effect of strategic linkages and policy implementation on the relationship between corporate leadership and performance of Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization (KALRO). Rooted in organizational excellence, upper echelons, legitimacy, institutional, and stakeholder theories, the study employed a pragmatic philosophy, and mixed methods design to mitigate bias. The target population included 75 management organs, with 60 directors and 188 top leadership units as units of observation. Quantitative data was analyzed using SPSS, and qualitative data using NVivo. Cronbach’s alpha (α ≥ .700) confirmed internal consistency. Both confirmatory factor and principal component analyses aided data reduction. Moderated mediation analysis, using Hayes' PROCESS Macro, showed significant interaction (p = .004) between policy implementation (mediator) and strategic linkages (moderator), indicating that the effect of policy implementation on KALRO’s performance varies with levels of strategic linkages (set at -.229). Index below -0.229 shows significant relationships, and vice versa. Recommendations encompass gender diversity, inclusive leadership development, regular performance appraisals, an enhanced monitoring and evaluation system, and improved linkages. The findings provide valuable guidance for KALRO's leadership amid competing priorities and budgetary constraints. Keywords: Moderated mediation, policy implementation, strategic linkages, corporate leadership, KALRO

The impact of fourth graders' perceived social withdrawal on school adjustment: The moderated mediation effects of parental expectations and self-resilience

The impact of fourth graders' perceived social withdrawal on school adjustment: The moderated mediation effects of parental expectations and self-resilience