Moderated Mediation Effect Research Articles

A longitudinal study of self-report tooth loss impacting functional status among Chinese older adults: Moderated mediation of social relationships and psychological resilience

ObjectivesThis study aimed to discern the longitudinal association between tooth loss and subsequent functional status, specifically investigating the moderated mediation effects of social relationships and psychological resilience. MethodsData from the 2011, 2014, and 2018 waves of the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS) were analyzed, we included 2834 older adults aged 65 and over in the study. The longitudinal relationship between tooth loss and functional status was analyzed using the generalized estimating equation. Hayes’ PROCESS macro for SPSS was utilized to study the mediating and moderating effects. ResultsIn the fully adjusted model, the number of natural teeth at T1 was positively associated with instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) score at T3, but not activities of daily living (ADL) score. Compared with 20+ teeth, participants with complete tooth loss at T1 had a higher risk of developing ADL and IADL disability. Participants with 1–9 teeth at T1 had a 38 % risk of developing IADL disability at T3 (OR = 1.38, 95 % CI = 1.07–1.76, p = 0.012). Social relationships mediated the association between tooth loss and IADL only among participants whose psychological resilience was average (B = 0.0006, 95 % CI = 0.0001–0.0014) or high (B = 0.0013, 95 % CI = 0.0003–0.0026). ConclusionPsychological resilience moderated the mediating effects of social relationships on the association between tooth loss and functional ability. Clinical significanceThis longitudinal study contributes to elucidating parts of social-psychological mechanisms underlying tooth loss and functional disability. It suggests that by cultivating positive social relationships and enhancing psychological resilience, the adverse impacts of tooth loss on functional disability may be mitigated.

Risks of passive use of social network sites in youth athletes: a moderated mediation analysis.

With the popularity of social media platforms, the use of social networks challenges the well-being and mental health of athletes. Despite ongoing scholarly discussions about the effects of passive use of social network sites, few studies have examined the relationship between the passive use of social network sites and mental health in young athletes from a social comparison perspective. To address this research gap, we draw on the social comparison and developmental systems theories to explore the mediating effect of upward social comparison on passive social network site use and mental health, as well as the moderating effects of positive psychological capital. We analyzed data about 350 young athletes from professional Chinese sports universities. As predicted, passive use of social network sites by young athletes increased anxiety (β = 0.26, p < 0.001) and decreased subjective well-being (β = -0.35, p < 0.001). Upward social comparisons had positive (β = 0.22, p < 0.001) and negative (β = -0.34, p < 0.001) mediating effects in passive social network site use and anxiety/subjective well-being. Positive psychological capital played a moderating effect between upward social comparison and anxiety (β = -0.28, p < 0.001), and subjective well-being (β = 0.24, p < 0.001); the moderated mediation effect was also supported. Our study informs the current research by highlighting the importance of upward social comparison as a critical mechanism and positive psychological capital as a boundary condition. We suggest actively maintaining and enhancing positive psychological capital to mitigate the adverse effects of upward social comparison.

Abusive supervision: serial and moderated mediation effects

ABSTRACT Our paper proposed and tested a research model that examined the interrelationships of abusive supervision, on-the-job embeddedness (JE), affective commitment (AC) to the organization, knowledge sharing (KS), and social community at work using time-lagged data gathered from restaurant workers in Ghana. The findings based on PROCESS macro reveal that on-the JE and AC serially mediate the influence of abusive supervision on KS. The detrimental impact of abusive supervision on AC is stronger among restaurant workers with social community at work at low levels. The indirect negative effect of abusive supervision on KS through AC is stronger when restaurant workers’ social community at work is low. The aforementioned important findings and their implications are discussed.

Do pro-diversity beliefs enhance OCB? The joint effects of gender diversity and diversity beliefs on group organizational citizenship behavior through collective personality fit

PurposeThis paper investigates the interaction effects of gender diversity and diversity beliefs on group-level personality fit (“collective personality fit”) and group organizational citizenship behavior (GOCB). It seeks to provide a sufficient understanding of the under-researched area, such as how group composition impacts group behavioral outcomes.Design/methodology/approachData were collected from 453 employees and their leaders in 63 teams of Korean private sector firms using a moderated-mediation model.FindingsThis study found that high diversity beliefs can weaken the negative effects of gender diversity on collective personality fit and further enhance GOCB. The results confirm the moderated-mediation effect of diversity beliefs in the relationship between gender diversity and GOCB.Practical implicationsManagement should realize that the negative effect of workforce diversity on GOCB can be reduced by boosting collective personality fit in the team. In this process, enhancing diversity beliefs may relieve the adverse effects on GOCB caused by workgroup gender differences.Originality/valueThis study develops a group-level model proposing that the interaction effects of gender diversity and high diversity beliefs enable a high level of collective personality fit, enhancing GOCB. It attempts to investigate the effects of gender diversity at the group level under boundary conditions.

Causal moderated mediation analysis: Methods and software.

Research questions regarding how, for whom, and where a treatment achieves its effect on an outcome have become increasingly valued in substantive research. Such questions can be answered by causal moderated mediation analysis, which assesses the heterogeneity of the mediation mechanism underlying the treatment effect across individual and contextual characteristics. Various moderated mediation analysis methods have been developed under the traditional path analysis/structural equation modeling framework. One challenge is that the definitions of moderated mediation effects depend on statistical models of the mediator and the outcome, and no solutions have been provided when either the mediator or the outcome is binary, or when the mediator or outcome model is nonlinear. In addition, it remains unclear to empirical researchers how to make causal arguments of moderated mediation effects due to a lack of clarifications of the underlying assumptions and methods for assessing the sensitivity to violations of the assumptions. This article overcomes the limitations by developing general definition, identification, estimation, and sensitivity analysis for causal moderated mediation effects under the potential outcomes framework. We also developed a user-friendly R package moderate.mediation ( https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/moderate.mediation/index.html ) that allows applied researchers to easily implement the proposed methods and visualize the initial analysis results and sensitivity analysis results. We illustrated the application of the proposed methods and the package implementation with a re-analysis of the National Evaluation of Welfare-to-Work Strategies (NEWWS) Riverside data.

사회초년생의 시간관과 자기통제력이 업무지연행동에 미치는 영향

Objectives The purpose of this study was to verify whether the time perspective of a new employee influences work delay behavior through self-control, and whether perceived stress between self-control and work procrastination is controlled.&#x0D; Methods To this end, an online survey consisting of zimbardo time perspective inventory, the brief self-control measure, perceived stress scale, and aitken procrastination inventory was conducted on 301 a new employee with less than three years of service at workplaces in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS 25.0. Correlation analysis was conducted to examine the relationship between measurement variables. The collected data were analyzed to examine the mediating effect and moderated mediation effect. And bootstrapping was used to verify the significance of indirect effects.&#x0D; Results The results of the study are as follows. First, as a result of the correlation analysis of each variable, the ‘past negative’ time perspective and ‘present fatalistic’ time perspective showed a statistically significant negative correlation to self-control, and a positive correlation with work procrastination. ‘future’ time perspective has a statistically significant positive correlation with self-control, and has shown an negative correlation with work procrastination. Second, self-control fully mediated the ‘past negative’ time perspective on work procrastination, and self-control partially mediated the ‘present fatalistic’ time perspective and ‘future’ time perspective on work procrastination. Third, the control effect of perceived stress in the relationship between self-control and work procrastination was shown to be statistically significant. In other words, the impact of self-control on work procrastination depends on the level of perceived stress.&#x0D; Conclusions It was confirmed whether perceived stress can control the effect of the time perspective of the new employee on work procrastination through self-control. This study is expected to provide useful data for understanding the cognitive and psychological factors that affect the relationship between time perspective and work procrastination and for consulting access to work procrastination in corporate consultation scenes.

중년 성인의 자기개념명확성과 SNS중독경향성의 관계

Objectives The purposes of this study were to examine the mediating effect of preference for online social inter-action and the moderating effect of coping strategy in the relationship between self-concept clarity and SNS ad-diction proneness of middle-aged adults.&#x0D; Methods To achieve the purpose of the study, an online survey was conducted targeting middle-aged adults across the country, and the final 374 data were analyzed using SPSS 25.0 and the Process Marco program. First, the subjects' general characteristics and SNS use-related characteristics were identified, and the correlation be-tween each variable was analyzed. Second, the mediation effect was verified through hierarchical regression analysis and bootstrapping. Third, Aiken-West hierarchical regression analysis was performed to confirm the moderating effect and moderated mediation effect.&#x0D; Results The results of the study are as follows: First, lower self-concept clarity of middle-aged adults resulted in higher perceived preference for online social interaction. Second, the analysis verified the mediating effect of preference for online social interaction in the relationship between self-concept clarity and SNS addiction proneness. Third, in the relationship between preference for online social interaction and SNS addiction prone-ness, the analysis verified the moderating effect of avoidance, which is one of the sub-factors of the coping strategy.&#x0D; Conclusions This study revealed that the self-concept clarity of middle-aged adults affected SNS addiction proneness. In addition, this study is meaningful in that it is necessary to clarify the self-concept of middle-aged adults in the counseling and to help them use an effective coping strategy.

How Do Problem-Solving Demands Influence Employees’ Thriving at Work: An Explanation Based on Cognitive Appraisal

In globalized markets, it is important for companies to cultivate a thriving workforce that is motivated to grow and develop. Based on the transactional theory of stress, we discussed how the way people appraise their problem-solving demands, either as a challenge or a hindrance, impacts employees’ thriving at work. Data were collected from employees of a state-owned enterprise in China at two separate points with a 4-week interval. The results showed that problem-solving demands have a positive impact on employees’ thriving at work through challenge appraisal and a negative impact on employees’ thriving at work through hindrance appraisal. Additionally, we observed a moderated mediation effect in which organizational identity strengthened the positive effects of problem-solving demands on challenge appraisal, which in turn promoted employees’ thriving at work. The findings highlight the role of cognitive appraisal in interpreting employees’ responses to work stress.

Retracted: Psychological Contracts and Employee Innovative Behaviours: A Moderated Mediation Effect Model

Retracted: Psychological Contracts and Employee Innovative Behaviours: A Moderated Mediation Effect Model

Authentic passion matters: the role of emotional labor between presenters' passion and investment decision

PurposeDrawing from affect as social information (AASI) theory, this study examines how the relationship between perceived passion, quality of the presenter and investment intention is influenced by emotional labor engaged in by the presenter. This study clarifies and deepens the understanding of how passion influences entrepreneurial success by studying the role of emotional labor in the relationship between passion and investment decisions.Design/methodology/approachThis study tested the moderated mediation effects between perceived presenter passion and investor intention to invest using data from 62 presenters' and 169 judges' responses from the 31 judges during a business plan (or “pitch”) competition.FindingsResults confirmed a positive indirect effect of perceived passion on intention to invest, as mediated by the investor's evaluation of the quality of the presenter. Emotional labor moderated the relationship such that low levels of emotional labor engaged in by the presenters strengthened the mediated relationship between perceived passion, quality of the presenter and intention to invest.Originality/valueThe findings suggest that the authenticity of passion (as measured by the degree of emotional labor engaged in by the presenter) influences this dynamic, such that displays of passion that are perceived as being authentic are more likely to lead to an investment decision. Using AASI, this study conceptualized and tested quality of the presenter as an important intervening variable that can help explain the lack of coherent findings. The results supported this conceptualization, providing empirical evidence for the oft-quoted adage “invest in people, not ideas.”

Perceived stigma and post‐traumatic growth among potentially COVID‐19‐infected individuals inside and outside Wuhan: The mediating role of identity

AbstractDrawing upon the social identity approach, the present study explored the interrelationships among perceived stigma (both group‐based and personal), post‐traumatic growth (PTG), and their underlying mechanisms. Cross‐sectional data were collected from 3100 residents (female: n = 1667, 53.77%; male: n = 1433, 46.23%) of Hubei Province, China, aged between 12 and 65 years. The PROCESS macro (Model 7) in SPSS was employed to examine the moderated mediation effect of Inside/Outside Wuhan status on perceived identity and its associations with perceived stigma and PTG. The measurements included a brief scale assessing COVID‐19‐related stigma, the Multigroup Measure of Ethnic Identity, and the short form of the Post‐Traumatic Growth Inventory. Results showed that perceived stigma was positively associated with PTG, which was mediated by perceived identity. The moderation analysis suggested that the mediating effect of perceived identity on the courtesy stigma–PTG linkage was more pronounced in the Outside Wuhan group compared to the Inside Wuhan group. However, such an effect was not observed when personal affiliate stigma was the antecedent. In conclusion, this study suggests that positive contact and interaction can help reduce discrimination and stigma. Enhancing the perceived identity of stigmatized individuals can ultimately contribute to the achievement of PTG.

Social networks and the mental health among Chinese older adults: the mediating role of loneliness and moderating role of Internet use.

Although a large body of research suggests that social networks from family and friends are important factors in protecting the mental health of older adults, we know little about the mediating and moderating mechanisms behind this relationship. Using China as an example, this study aims to investigate a comprehensive model that includes social networks, loneliness, Internet use, and mental health outcomes in the older population. We analyzed data from 7,648 Chinese older people over 60 using the 2018 CLASS survey. We studied how various social networks affect their mental health. Using SPSS's PROCESS macro, we first employed descriptive statistics to examine the characteristics of the participants and calculate the correlations of core variables. Then, we assessed whether loneliness mediated this relationship and tested the moderated mediation effect of Internet use. Our findings shed light on these complex dynamics. The statistics indicate a positive correlation between social networks and mental health. Furthermore, mediation models revealed that loneliness moderates the relationship between social networks and mental health. In addition, moderated mediation models revealed that Internet use played a distinct function in the family networks model compared to the friend networks model. Internet use moderates explicitly the effects of family networks on loneliness and friend networks on mental health. The findings emphasize the importance of differentiating the types of social networks to understand their impact on older adults well-being, encouraging policymakers, medical professionals, and families to adopt more targeted approaches when devising policy interventions and medical strategies, especially for older individuals with insufficient social support. Additionally, we urge governments to recognize the varying types of social networks among older populations and harness the protective effects of Internet technology on their well-being within a digital society.

The Relationship Between Entrepreneurial Orientation and Firm Performance From the perspective of MASEM: The Mediation Effect of Market Orientation and the Moderated Mediation Effect of Environmental Dynamism

This research introduces Meta-Analysis Structural Equation Modeling (MASEM), a novel method that integrates meta-analysis (MA) and structural equation modeling (SEM). The method helps researchers to comprehensively understand issues in the strategic management field. Applying MASEM to analyze data from 112 papers, covering 101,981 observations, the results can be summarized as follows. (1) Entrepreneurial orientation (EO) is significantly positively correlated with firm performance (FP), which addresses the issue of inconsistency among prior studies’ findings. (2) There is a significantly positive correlation between EO and market orientation (MO) and a significantly positive relationship between MO and FP, indicating that MO is a mediator variable to the EO-FP. (3) Environmental dynamism (ED) increases a positive link exists between MO and FP; in other words, compared to low ED, the presence of high ED enhances the correlation between MO and FP significantly. (4) ED influences the slope of MO’s function as a mediator between EO and FP - that is, high ED increases the slope of the intermediary effect of MO on the MO-FP nexus, and low ED reduces the slope of the mediation effect of MO on the MO-FP nexus. These findings provide new thoughts and insights for studies on the correlation between EO and FP and offer substantial suggestions for enterprises. The aforementioned results indicate that besides providing deeper insights and a more comprehensive understanding, MASEM presents deeper insights for researchers and is more efficient than the traditional meta-analysis method. Moreover, MASEM can be applied to in other fields and used with other methods for greater in-depth analyses. Overall, the MASEM technique herein has high reliability and validity when utilized for discussing relationships among variables and gives more comprehensive and accurate conclusions in theoretical and practical aspects.

중도입국 초등학생의 문화적응 스트레스와 학교적응의 관계

Objectives The purposes of this study were to verify whether self-esteem of immigrant students in elementary school moderates the negative indirect relationship between acculturative stress and school adjustment via Korean proficiency and social support (parents, teachers, and friends), respectively.&#x0D; Methods This study used the data of 138 immigrant students in elementary school from the 2nd data (2020) of the 2nd Multicultural Adolescents Panel Study (MAPS). We analyzed the mediation, moderation, and moderated mediation effects after calculating descriptive statistics and correlation coefficients of focal variables with reliability of instruments using SPSS 23.0 and PROCESS Macro v3.5.&#x0D; Results The results are as follows: First, the acculturative stress of immigrant students in elementary school had a significant negative effect on school adjustment. Second, their teacher support and friend support negatively mediated the relationship between acculturative stress and school adjustment. Third, their self-esteem moderated the relationship between Korean proficiency and school adjustment and between friend support and school adjustment. Fourth, their self-esteem moderated the mediating effect of Korean proficiency and friend support on the relationship between acculturative stress and school adjustment.&#x0D; Conclusions When supporting school adaptation of immigrant students in elementary school, activities that reduce accultural stress, leverage friend support, and promote self-esteem should be included.

코칭리더십이 경력지속가능성에 미치는 영향 - 리더의 겸손과 주도성의 조절된 매개효과 -

코칭리더십이 경력지속가능성에 미치는 영향 - 리더의 겸손과 주도성의 조절된 매개효과 -

How does digital transformation affect organisational sustainable performance: the mediating roles of supply chain agility and integration

ABSTRACT This study investigates the effect of digital transformation on sustainable performance in the volatility, uncertainty, complexity and ambiguity (VUCA) era. Survey data from China is used to test the mediating role of supply chain agility and integration as well as the moderating effect of perceived business force. The findings reveal that supply chain agility mediates the effects of digital transformation on economic and social performance, particularly under high level of perceived business force. However, no significant effect on environmental performance is observed. Additionally, supply chain integration acts as a mediator for the effects of digital transformation on economic, social and environmental performance, furthermore, the moderated mediation effects of perceived business force are supported. This study elusidates how digitalisation influences organisational sustainable performance through supply chain capabilities and highlights the crucial role of digital supply chain in the VUCA era. It provides theoretical and practical implications for achieving sustainable development.

The Effect of Fear of COVID-19 Infection and Anxiety on Loneliness: Moderated Mediation Effects of Gratitude.

This study was conducted to identify factors related to loneliness during the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and focused on how the fear of COVID-19 infection affects loneliness and the conditional effect of gratitude as a moderator in the relationship among the fear of COVID-19, anxiety, and loneliness. For the analysis of this study, a survey was conducted among 1,500 individuals aged 19 to 69 years living in three metropolitan areas in South Korea. Questionnaires included sociodemographic data, psychological experience and stress associated with COVID-19, Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale-7, UCLA Loneliness Scale-3, and Gratitude Questionnaire-6. An analysis was conducted by applying SPSS PROCESS macro models 4 and 7. First, anxiety mediated the relationship between the fear of COVID-19 infection and loneliness. Second, the effect of the fear of COVID-19 infection on loneliness through anxiety was moderated by gratitude. The higher the gratitude, the more the fear of COVID-19 infection is buffered in the path to anxiety, and the lower the indirect effect on loneliness. This suggests that in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, interventions for psychological problems such as anxiety and loneliness can be carried out through gratitude, a significant protective variable.

Unraveling the effects of occupational identity verification, self-esteem and identity salience on managers’ mental health: examining psychological distress and depression in the workplace

Purpose Managers play a crucial role in organizations. They make decisions that directly influence organizational success and significantly impact employees’ mental health, development and performance. They are responsible for ensuring the financial well-being and long-term sustainability of organizations. However, their mental health is often overlooked, which can negatively affect employees and organizations. This study aims to address managers’ mental health at work, by examining specifically the direct and indirect effects of identity verification on their psychological distress and depression through self-esteem at work. The study also aims to examine the moderating as well as moderated mediation effects of identity salience. Design/methodology/approach A sample of 314 Canadian managers working in 56 different companies was studied, using multilevel analyses. Findings The findings showed that the verification of managers’ identity vis-à-vis recognition is positively associated with psychological distress and depression. Self-esteem completely mediates the association between low identity verification vis-à-vis work control and psychological distress, and also the association between low identity verification vis-à-vis work control and superior support and depression, while it partially mediates the association between low identity verification vis-à-vis recognition and depression. Practical implications This study can also help both managers and human resource management practitioners in understanding the role of workplaces in the identity verification process and developing relevant interventions to prevent mental health issues among managers at work. Originality/value This study proposed a relatively unexplored approach to the study of managers’ mental health at work. Its integration of identity theory contributes to expanding research on management and workplace mental health issues.

The impact of childhood trauma exposure on social functioning in schizophrenia: the moderated mediation role of oxytocin and oxytocin receptor gene polymorphisms.

Childhood trauma has been linked to increased risk of schizophrenia and social dysfunction, and oxytocin and its receptor gene have been implicated in regulating social behavior. This study investigated the potential role of oxytocin and oxytocin receptor gene (OXTR) in mediating the effects of childhood trauma on social functioning in schizophrenia. The study consisted of 382 patients with schizophrenia and 178 healthy controls who were assessed using the Taiwanese version of the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ-SF), the Social Functioning Scale (SFS), and plasma oxytocin levels. DNA was extracted to genotype the OXTR and ten single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs; rs2254298, rs237885, rs237887, rs237899, rs53576, rs9840864, rs13316193, rs7632287, rs1042778, and rs237895) were selected. Patients with schizophrenia showed higher CTQ-SF scores (t = 12.549, p < 0.001), lower SFS scores (t = -46.951, p < 0.001), and lower plasma oxytocin levels (t = -5.448, p < 0.001) compared to healthy controls. The study also found significant differences in OXTR SNPs between both groups, with risk alleles being more prevalent in patients with schizophrenia (t = 2.734, p = 0.006). Results indicated a significant moderated mediation effect, with oxytocin and the OXTR SNPs partially mediating the relationship between childhood trauma exposure and social functioning in patients with schizophrenia (index of mediation = 0.038, 95% CI [0.033-0.044]). The findings suggest that oxytocin and its receptor gene may be promising targets for interventions aimed at improving social functioning in patients with a history of childhood trauma and schizophrenia. However, further research is needed to fully understand these effects and the potential of oxytocin-based interventions in this population.

Enhancing the employee experience: exploring a global positive climate to influence key employee outcomes

PurposeOrganizational climates reflect employee perceptions of the way organizational culture is actualized and most studies explore one or two climates only. The present study uses a positive organizational behavior approach and conservation of resources theory to explore a global positive climate (GPC) encompassing five climates: perceive organizational support, psychosocial safety climate, organizational mindfulness, worthy work and inclusion climate. The GPC is used to predict employee engagement and job satisfaction, with psychological capital as a mediator. Beyond this, high performance work systems (HPWS) are included as a moderator of GPC to test the potential way HR practices might interact with positive climates to achieve superior outcomes.Design/methodology/approachA large sample (n = 1,007) of New Zealand workers across a wide range of occupations and industries. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) of the data was used and moderated mediation tests were conducted.FindingsGPC is significantly related to psychological capital, employee engagement and job satisfaction, and while psychological capital also predicts the outcomes, and has some mediation effects on GPC influence, GPC remains significant. HPWS is significantly related to psychological capital only and interacts with GPC leading to the highest psychological capital and employee engagement. Significant moderated mediation effects are found, with the indirect effect of GPC increasing as HPWS increase.Research limitations/implicationsThis research is important because it provides empirical evidence around a GPC and shows how organizations and HRM managers can enhance key employee attitudes through building a strong climate and providing important HR practices.Originality/valueBeyond unique effects from GPC, the findings provide useful theoretical insights toward conservation of resources theory.