Moderate Fitness Research Articles

The Application of Game Theory-Interesting Phenomena Between Time Pressure and Risk in Chess

This essay explores the application of game theory in chess, focusing on the relationship between time pressure, risk, and draw probability. Game theory provides a framework for analyzing interactive decision-making processes, enabling players to understand opponents' strategies, predict moves, and formulate optimal responses. The study utilizes a dataset of 20,058 chess games to examine the impact of duration on risk behavior. The analysis reveals a nonlinear relationship between game length and draw probability, with a parabolic trend suggesting that the likelihood of a draw increases with game length up to approximately 60-70 minutes, where it peaks at around 4%-5%, and then gradually decreases for longer games. The regression model shows time pressure leads to about 10% more risk-taking, indicating a moderate fit. These findings underscore the importance of time management and risk assessment in chess, with implications for enhancing players' competitive edge and strategic planning skills in both chess and real-world decision-making scenarios

The Impact of Social Responsibility on Environmental Accounting (Companies Listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange)

Objective: This study aims to investigate the impact of social responsibility on environmental accounting practices among companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange. Methodology: The research employed a descriptive-correlational design, focusing on a sample of 198 financial managers selected from a population of 589 through simple random sampling and Cochran's formula. Data were collected using a questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS version 25 and PLS version 3 for structural equation modeling. Both library and field methods were used for data collection. Findings: The results indicated that social responsibility significantly impacts environmental accounting, with a path coefficient of 0.401. The determination coefficient (R²) was 0.219, and the adjusted determination coefficient (R² Adjusted) was 0.213, indicating a moderate fit. The normality test showed that social responsibility data were normal, while environmental accounting data were not. Convergent and discriminant validity tests confirmed the reliability and validity of the measurement model. Conclusion: The study found a significant relationship between social responsibility and environmental accounting. Despite the importance of environmental costs, traditional accounting systems often neglect these costs. The adoption of environmental accounting practices can bridge the gap between environmental managers and accountants, enhancing both financial and environmental performance. Policymakers, managers, and regulators should consider integrating social responsibility into strategic planning and regulatory frameworks to promote sustainable business practices.

Co-existence of a novel RND efflux pump tmexC6D6.2-toprJ1b and blaOXA-4 in the extensively drug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa ST233 clone.

The emergence of RND efflux pump gene cluster tmexCD-toprJ threats the clinical use of tigecycline as a last-resort antibiotic. Co-existence of extended spectrum β-lactamases and tmexCD-toprJ can accelerate the emergence of multidrug resistant or extensively drug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa, leading to the production of high-risk clones. This study identified a novel gene cluster, tmexC6D6.2-toprJ1b, on the chromosome of a high-risk ST233 XDR P. aeruginosa from Chinese retail chicken samples. Genetic feature analysis revealed that a tnfxB6-tmexC6D6.2-toprJ1b-strBA-floR-tet(G)-IS6100-sul1-aadA2-int1-intA structure formed a putative transposition unit. tmexC6D6.2-toprJ1b shared high similarity at the nucleotide level with other tmexCD-toprJ gene clusters. tnfxB6 regulator was located downstream from the tmexC6D6.2-toprJ1b gene cluster and it did not affect bacterial resistance phenotype. The expression of tmexC6D6.2-toprJ1b could reduce the growth of E. coli and bring a moderate fitness cost. Further studies are needed to decipher the mechanism of the silencing of tnfxB6 in mediating the high-level resistance of tmexC6D6.2-torpJ1b and continuously monitor the coexistence of the novel tmexCD-toprJ gene cluster and the ESBLs-related resistance genes.

Change in Cardiorespiratory Fitness and the Risk of Colorectal and Prostate Cancer Incidence in Men.

The aim of this prospective cohort study was to investigate the associations between changes in cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and the risk of colorectal and prostate cancer in men. Data from men who completed a health assessment both in military conscription in youth and an occupational health profile assessment (HPA) later in life were used. CRF was assessed as estimated V̇O2max, using a cycle ergometer fitness test at both time points. We linked the assessment data to national register data on colorectal and prostate cancer incidence, and hazard ratios and confidence intervals were estimated using Cox proportional hazard regression. 139,764 men with a mean age of 18 (SD 0.6) at conscription and 43 (SD 8.9) at HPA were included. The average time between the two assessments was 25.9 (SD 9.0) years and mean follow-up time following HPA test was 10.0 (SD 5.6) years for prostate and colorectal cancer. Annual percentage change in relative and absolute V̇O2max from conscription to HPA was inversely associated with the risk of colorectal cancer incidence, hazard ratio of 0.83 (95% CI [0.72-0.94]) and 0.88 (95% CI [0.79-0.99]), respectively. These associations were driven by data from individuals in the lowest and moderate level fitness tertials at conscription. Change in CRF was not associated with prostate cancer incidence risk. Changes in, not only level of, CRF from youth to adulthood are related to colorectal cancer incidence risk and therefore, improving CRF should be considered as an important colorectal cancer risk reduction strategy.

Analysis of Nutritional Status, Physical Fitness and Learning Outcomes of SMP Negeri 2 Kuala Batee Aceh Barat Daya Students, Indonesia

Junior high school is closely related to movement and food or nutrition. The nutrition obtained by a child through daily food consumption plays a major role in the child's life. SMP Negeri 2 Kuala Batee students are individuals who, during this growth period, experience great growth and development, so good nutrition and good fitness are needed to support the growth and development of more optimal children. This research includes descriptive research, which aims to determine the presence or absence of a relationship between variables and other variables, while the approach used to answer the problem is correlational. The samples in this study were Class I and Class II students of SMP Negeri 2 Kuala Batee, totalling 40 students. Sampling technique using random sampling by lottery. Data collection techniques using tests and measurements. The instrument used to determine the level of physical fitness is the Indonesian Physical Fitness Test for the age group 13-15 years, 2010. The nutritional status measurement instrument is the weight-for-height index for ages 6-17 – data analysis using the percentage formula. The results of measuring nutritional status show that students who are categorised as very thin are six students (15%), in the category of thin three students (7.5%), in the category of medium five students (12.5%), in the normal category 20 students (50%), in the position of fat two students (5%), Obesity 4 students (10%). The results of the physical fitness level test show that students with excellent physical fitness category one student (2.5%), good physical fitness category three students (7.5%), moderate physical fitness category 18 students (45%), physical fitness category less nine students (22.5%), physical fitness category very less (22.5%). So it can be concluded that class I and class II students of SMP Negeri 2 Kuala Batee have an average nutritional status of normal category, namely 50%, and moderate physical fitness level, namely 45%.

Validity, Reliability and Psychometric Properties of the Exercise Dependence Questionnaire among Physically Active Young Adults

Background: Exercise Dependence (ED) is characterized by excessive and uncontrollable exercise behaviors leading to physiological and psychological symptoms. Valid assessment tools are crucial for identifying ED in understudied populations. The present study aimed to evaluate the validity and reliability of the Exercise Dependence Questionnaire (EDQ) among physically active young adults in Iran. Methods: This psychometric validation study used a cross-sectional design with 200 participants aged 18-35 years (49% male, 51% female) recruited through clustered random sampling from sports clubs in Tabriz, Iran. The EDQ was administered between May-July, 2021. Validity was assessed through forward backward translation, content validity analysis, Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). Reliability was evaluated using internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha) and testretest (intraclass correlation, ICC) methods. Ceiling and floor effects, Standard Error of Measurement (SEM), and smallest detectable change (SDC) were also determined. Results: The EDQ demonstrated good content validity (CVI=0.88, CVR=0.73). EFA yielded a 7-factor model explaining 59.45% of variance. Key factors were withdrawal symptoms, exercise for health/social reasons, positive reward, interference with life, insight into problems, and stereotyped behavior. CFA showed moderate fit. Internal consistency was adequate overall (α=0.8) but lower for some subscales. The ICC confirmed good test-retest reliability (0.80, 95% CI 0.76-0.84). No ceiling and floor effects were detected. SEM and SDC were 0.52 and 1.03, respectively. Conclusion: The results indicated that the Persian version of the EDQ is a valid and reliable scale for assessing ED.

Measuring fidelity to manualised peer support for people with severe mental health conditions: development and psychometric evaluation of the UPSIDES fidelity scale

BackgroundPeer support workers provide support for people experiencing mental health conditions based on their own lived experience of mental health problems. Assessing fidelity to core ingredients of peer support is vital for successful implementation and intervention delivery. Modifications to its implementation are needed when scaling up to different socio-economic settings, raising further uncertainty about fidelity. As part of a large multi-centre study on peer support called Using Peer Support In Developing Empowering Mental Health Services (UPSIDES), we developed and evaluated the psychometric properties of the UPSIDES Fidelity Scale.MethodsWe constructed the fidelity scale based on an initial item pool developed through international expert consultation and iterative feedback. Scale refinement involved site-level expert consultation and translation, resulting in a service user-rated 28-item version and a peer support worker-rated 21-item version assessing receipt, engagement, enactment, competence, communication and peer support-specific components. Both versions are available in six languages: English, German, Luganda, Kiswahili, Hebrew and Gujarati. The scale was then evaluated at six study sites across five countries, with peer support workers and their clients completing their respective ratings four and eight months after initial peer support worker contact. Psychometric evaluation included analysis of internal consistency, construct validity and criterion validity.ResultsFor the 315 participants, item statistics showed a skewed distribution of fidelity values but no restriction of range. Internal consistency was adequate (range α = 0.675 to 0.969) for total scores and all subscales in both versions. Confirmatory factor analysis indicated acceptable fit of the proposed factor structure for the service user version (χ2/df = 2.746; RMSEA = 0.084) and moderate fit for the peer support worker version (χ2/df = 3.087; RMSEA = 0.093). Both versions showed significant correlations with external criteria: number of peer support sessions; perceived recovery orientation of the intervention; and severity of illness.ConclusionsThe scale demonstrates good reliability, construct and criterion validity, making it a pragmatic and psychometrically acceptable measure for assessing fidelity to a manualised peer support worker intervention. Recommendations for use, along with research and practical implications, are addressed. As validated, multi-lingual tool that adapts to diverse settings this scale is uniquely positioned for global application.Trial registrationISRCTN, ISRCTN26008944. Registered on 30 October 2019.

Frequency-dependence may moderate fitness costs linked to reduced bird song complexity.

Animal cultures can undergo rapid changes associated with innovations, revolutions or population decline. Where a rapid shift results in reduced complexity of cultural behaviours, it may have fitness consequences for individuals. Here, we report a dramatic shift in the dominant song type of critically endangered wild regent honeyeaters Anthochaera phrygia. Between 2015 and 2019, most males in the Blue Mountains sang a typical regent honeyeater song (typical Blue Mountains song), but 5%-10% sang an abbreviated version of the song with half the number of syllables (the clipped Blue Mountains song), which was associated with lower pairing success. Since 2020, the proportion of males singing the clipped Blue Mountains song has increased to 50%-75% each year. The likelihood of successful pairing in these males showed a significant concomitant increase, suggesting that the fitness costs associated with the abbreviated song decreased as it became the dominant song type. Our results suggest that the fitness consequences of loss of song complexity in declining and fragmented populations may be ameliorated by frequency-dependent shifts in song type preference.

Modeling the Relationship Between Employee Conflict, Work Stress, and Turnover Intention in the Food-Service Industry

The fast-paced and demanding food service industry faces challenges like employee conflict, workplace stress, and high turnover intentions, which impact both employee well-being and business performance. This study examines the causal relationships among employee conflict, work stress, and turnover intention using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). A sample of 237 food service restaurant workers from Pampanga, Philippines, was selected via purposive sampling. Data were collected using a survey instrument with rating scales. The study evaluated the model’s fit, internal reliability, and construct validity using confirmatory factor analysis. Path analysis revealed a moderate fit of the model to the data, indicating acceptable reliability and validity. Findings showed a direct positive effect of employee conflict on turnover intention, with work stress having an indirect influence. Recommendations include the following: implementing conflict resolution and stress management programs, improving communication, offering flexible work hours, task management, employee assistance programs, rewards, and career advancement opportunities. Due to geographical limitations, future studies should also employ qualitative or mixed methods and longitudinal designs to examine these effects over time.

The Impact of Pencak Silat Training at Night on Physical Fitness Levels

Several pencak silat schools in Bandung in particular often carry out training at night. The pencak silat school at BTC performs this exercise from 10:00 PM to 3:00 AM. It is very interesting to research, especially its impact on physical fitness and overall healthThe purpose of this study is to assess how engaging in pencak silat training during the evening affects physical fitness. This investigation employs an ex post facto approach with a Contilation research design. The participants in this research were individuals who are part of the Pencak Silat Pencak Silat Faithful Heart Terate Brotherhood in Bandung City. The research instrument uses the Multistage Fitness Test. Using quantitative survey data analysis techniques. Based on data analysis, it was concluded that there was an influence for training pencak silat focuses on physical fitness and takes place in the evening.. The results of the study showed that members of the Bandung City Pencak Silat Brotherhood Setia Hati Terate had a diverse distribution of fitness levels: 13.6% had a low fitness level, 40.9% had a medium fitness level, 36.4% had a fair fitness level, 9.1 % achieved a good level of fitness, while none achieved a high level of fitness. Consequently, it can be inferred that practicing pencak silat at nighttime yields favorable results, even though it is not significant or only reaches a moderate fitness level. This is mainly due to the intensity of training which tends to be low and does not increase consistently over time, resulting in slow and non-optimal physical improvement.

Nature, predictors, and outcomes of the psychological capital trajectories observed among upcoming police officers' undergoing vocational training

This study seeks to achieve a dynamic person-centered understanding of the nature of the psychological capital trajectories observed among upcoming police officers undergoing vocational training. Moreover, it seeks to document the predictive role of leader-member exchange and perceived organizational support in relation to these psychological capital trajectories, as well as the implications of these trajectories for a variety of outcomes related to trainees' attitudes (i.e., organizational cynicism, identification with the organization, engagement in the training program, and satisfaction toward the training program), psychological health (i.e., perceived stress), and behaviors (i.e., performance in the training program). A sample of 1200 participants undergoing a 33-week full-time vocational training program to become police officers were surveyed four times over a period of five months and a half. Results revealed that psychological capital trajectories corresponded to five primary profiles: Learning to Hate, High Fit, Moderate Fit, Honeymoon-Hangover, and Low Fit. Perceived leader-member exchange and organizational support were associated with these trajectories in a way that mainly supported our expectations. Trajectories characterized by lower levels of psychological capital were associated with higher levels of cynicism and stress, and with lower levels of engagement, identification, performance, and satisfaction. Conversely, trajectories characterized by higher levels of psychological capital were associated with the most positive outcomes.

Validation of the Late-Life Function and Disability Instrument in People Living with COPD.

Disability and loss of function are acknowledged as important problems for people living with COPD, but there is a need for validated tools to assess them. The Late-Life Function and Disability Instrument (LLFDI) was originally validated for community-dwelling older adults. The full instrument has not been validated to assess disability and loss of function in people with COPD. People with COPD from 6 European countries completed the LLFDI as part of an observational study. Its validity was assessed in terms of 1) levels and distribution of LLFDI domain and subdomain scores; 2) floor and ceiling effects; 3) instrument structure (3 domains, 7 subdomains) by confirmatory factor analysis; and 4) construct validity by (i) convergent validity, based on Spearman correlation with COPD-relevant and related constructs (functional exercise capacity, severity of dyspnea and COPD-related health status), and (ii) known-groups validity, based on the distribution of LLFDI scores according to COPD-meaningful groups (disease severity, age groups and use of a walking aid). The study included 605 participants (aged 68±8 years, 37% female, FEV1 54±20%pred.). Most had impaired disability and function levels. We observed no floor effects and a ceiling effect in only two subdomains. Confirmatory factor analysis showed a moderate model fit for all LLFDI domains. Most of the correlations met our hypotheses (73%), with moderate to strong correlations for function domain (r min-max 0.25-0.70), followed by disability-limitation domain (r min-max 0.15-0.54), and weakest correlations in the disability-frequency domain (r min-max 0.04-0.41). The disability-limitation and function domains differed by disease severity, age group and use of a walking aid. The disability-frequency domain differed by disease severity and use of a walking aid, but not by age groups. The LLFDI, a valid patient-reported outcome to investigate disability and function, has proven good construct validity in people with COPD.

Living with long-term conditions: validation of a new instrument for family caregivers in a Spanish-speaking population

IntroductionOptimising the management of chronicity has been a global challenge for decades. Individuals with long-term conditions (LTCs) and their families live with them for years. Thus, it is necessary to...

Investigating patellar motion using weight-bearing dynamic CT: normative values and morphological considerations for healthy volunteers

BackgroundPatellar instability is a well-known pathology in which kinematics can be investigated using metrics such as tibial tuberosity tracheal groove (TTTG), the bisect offset (BO), and the lateral patellar tilt (LPT). We used dynamic computed tomography (CT) to investigate the patellar motion of healthy subjects in weight-bearing conditions to provide normative values for TTTG, BO, and LPT, as well as to define whether BO and LPT are affected by the morphology of the trochlear groove.MethodsDynamic scanning was used to acquire images during weight-bearing in 21 adult healthy volunteers. TTTG, BO, and LPT metrics were computed between 0° and 30° of knee flexion. Sulcus angle, sulcus depth, and lateral trochlear inclination were calculated and used with the TTTG for simple linear regression models.ResultsAll metrics gradually decreased during eccentric movement (TTTG, -6.9 mm; BO, -12.6%; LPT, -4.3°). No significant differences were observed between eccentric and concentric phases at any flexion angle for all metrics. Linear regression between kinematic metrics towards full extension showed a moderate fit between BO and TTTG (R2 0.60, β 1.75) and BO and LPT (R2 0.59, β 1.49), and a low fit between TTTG and LPT (R2 0.38, β 0.53). A high impact of the TTTG distance over BO was shown in male participants (R2 0.71, β 1.89) and patella alta individuals (R2 0.55, β 1.91).ConclusionWe provided preliminary normative values of three common metrics during weight-bearing dynamic CT and showed the substantial impact of lateralisation of the patella tendon over patella displacement.Relevance statementThese normative values can be used by clinicians when evaluating knee patients using TTTG, BO, and LPT metrics. The lateralisation of the patellar tendon in subjects with patella alta or in males significantly impacts the lateral displacement of the patella.Key PointsTrochlear groove morphology had no substantial impact on motion prediction.The lateralisation of the patellar tendon seems a strong predictor of lateral displacement of the patella in male participants.Participants with patella alta displayed a strong fit between the patellar lateral displacement and tilt.TTTG, BO, and LPT decreased during concentric movement.Concentric and eccentric phases did not show differences for all metrics.Graphical

P135 FITNESS INFLUENCES THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN EXERCISE BLOOD PRESSURE AND LEFT VENTRICULAR STRUCTURE: EVIDENCE FROM THE EXERCISE STRESS TEST COLLABORATION (EXERTION) STUDY

Background. A hypertensive response to exercise is associated with left ventricular (LV) remodelling, a principal sign of hypertensive heart disease. Fitness may modify this relationship, making clinical interpretation of peak exercise systolic blood pressure (SBP) challenging. This study examines the influence of fitness on the relationship between peak exercise SBP and LV structure. Methods. Cardiovascular structure and function (LV mass index (LVMI), LV relative wall thickness (RWT), cardiac output (CO) and total peripheral resistance (TPR)) were assessed at rest by echocardiography on 4,309 individuals (aged 58.6±12.7 years,52.0% male). SBP was measured at peak treadmill exercise, and fitness (exercise duration (minutes)) was grouped into thirds. Multiple regression analysis was conducted with fitness as an interaction term with peak exercise SBP, adjusted for age, sex, pre-exercise SBP, and cardiovascular disease (CVD) history. Results. Peak exercise SBP was similar across low (180±26.5mmHg), moderate (181±26.3mmHg) and high (182±24.5mmHg) fitness groups. Fitness modified the relationship between exercise SBP and LVMI; each 5mmHg increase in exercise SBP was associated with LVMI in moderate [0.27(0.10–0.43) and high [0.25(0.06–0.43)] fitness groups, which was not observed among those with low fitness [-0.05(-0.22–0.12)]. RWT increased with higher peak exercise SBP at all fitness levels (all p<0.001), with higher values among those with low fitness. Prevalence of LV concentric remodelling was highest in those with low fitness (29.9%) and lowest in those with high fitness (10.8%). A lower CO and higher TPR were observed in the low fitness group (7.5±2.5L/min and 14.3±5.1mmHg min/L) compared to those with high fitness (10.9±3.1L/min and 9.2±2.09mmHg min/L). Conclusion. Whilst a small effect, fitness modified the peak exercise SBP-LV structure relationship, such that for similar peak exercise SBP, those with low fitness exhibit a more adverse LV remodelling, with lower CO and higher TPR, compared to those with higher fitness. Considering fitness when interpreting SBP and cardiac imaging results from exercise stress testing may be relevant in identifying CVD risk and optimal patient management.

Beating the Clock: A Prediction Model for Timely Care in Emergency Departments.

We developed and validated a statistical prediction model using 2.5 electronic health records from 24 German emergency departments (EDs) to estimate treatment timeliness at triage. The model's moderate fit and reliance on interoperable, routine data suggest its potential for implementation in ED crowding management.

Can everyone get interesting jobs? Estimating interest fit across gender, ethnicity, and education

AbstractAlthough research and policy efforts have attempted to “even the hiring playing field” and progress equal opportunities, systemic employment patterns based on gender and ethnicity remain prevalent. An unexplored avenue of diversity, equity, and inclusion efforts is the degree to which all people can obtain jobs that fit their interests. The present study used a large, diverse sample of over 250,000 American employees to estimate the average vocational interest fit that people have with their jobs and differences in fit across race/ethnicity, gender, and education. Overall, employees showed moderate positive vocational interest fit with their jobs, with an average profile correlation of .20 between person and job interests. There were small gender differences in vocational interest fit favoring men, especially White and Hispanic men, with minimal differences across other race/ethnicity groups. However, the largest group differences emerged for education, as employees with higher educational attainment showed greater vocational interest fit, particularly among women. Further intersectional analyses added greater nuance to these results, including how various groups achieve vocational interest fit across different types of jobs. Altogether, this work provides important fit benchmark estimates for researchers, counselors, organizational placement, and theory refinement.

High throughput profiling identified PA-L106R amino acid substitution in A(H1N1)pdm09 influenza virus that confers reduced susceptibility to baloxavir in vitro

Baloxavir acid (BXA) is a pan-influenza antiviral that targets the cap-dependent endonuclease of the polymerase acidic (PA) protein required for viral mRNA synthesis. To gain a comprehensive understanding on the molecular changes associated with reduced susceptibility to BXA and their fitness profile, we performed a deep mutational scanning at the PA endonuclease domain of an A (H1N1)pdm09 virus. The recombinant virus libraries were serially passaged in vitro under increasing concentrations of BXA followed by next-generation sequencing to monitor PA amino acid substitutions with increased detection frequencies. Enriched PA amino acid changes were each introduced into a recombinant A (H1N1)pdm09 virus to validate their effect on BXA susceptibility and viral replication fitness in vitro. The I38 T/M substitutions known to confer reduced susceptibility to BXA were invariably detected from recombinant virus libraries within 5 serial passages. In addition, we identified a novel L106R substitution that emerged in the third passage and conferred greater than 10-fold reduced susceptibility to BXA. PA-L106 is highly conserved among seasonal influenza A and B viruses. Compared to the wild-type virus, the L106R substitution resulted in reduced polymerase activity and a minor reduction of the peak viral load, suggesting the amino acid change may result in moderate fitness loss. Our results support the use of deep mutational scanning as a practical tool to elucidate genotype-phenotype relationships, including mapping amino acid substitutions with reduced susceptibility to antivirals.

Psychometric Properties of the Portuguese Version of the Quality of Life in Autism Questionnaire (QoLA).

The aim of this study was to cross-culturally adapt and validate of the Brazilian Portuguese version of the Quality of Life in Autism Questionnaire (QoLA) among parents of children ASD. The translated version was administered to 91 parents (Male: 4, Female: 85, other: 2) of individuals diagnosed with ASD. Among these, 22 completed the questionnaire twice, providing data for the assessment of test-retest reliability (ICC). The B-QoLA score ranged from 41 to 122, with a mean (SD) of 74.3 ± 18.5 in Part A and ranged from 22 to 94, with a mean (SD) of 61.6 ± 16.4, in Part B. Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.94 for Part A, 0.92 for Part B and 0.94 for total B-QoLA, indicating excellent internal consistency. Test-retest reliability was assessed using the intraclass correlation coefficient, which was 0.96 for the total scale, 0.94 for Part A, and 0.95 for Part B. Part A-X2 (df) = 297, (167), X2/2 = 1.7, CFI = 0.85, TLI = 0.84, GFI = 0.78, AGFI = 0.75, and RMSEA (95%CI) = 0.09 (0.07-0.11); Part B-X2 (df) = 297, (167), X2/2 = 1.7, CFI = 0.85, TLI = 0.84, GFI = 0.78, AGFI = 0.75, and RMSEA (95%CI) = 0.09 (0.07-0.11), thus indicating moderate fit of the model. The Brazilian version of the QoLA shows encouraging psychometric properties on each of the two subscales, showing strong internal consistency and good construct validity.

Analyzing the Moderating Effect of Physical Fitness on the Relationship between Abdominal Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome in Older Women

PURPOSE This study aimed to analyze the moderating effect of physical fitness on the relationship between abdominal obesity and metabolic syndrome (MetS) in older women.METHODS A total of 190 participants were categorized based on waisthip ratio (WHR) into high (50%) and low (50%) groups, as well as based on Z-score of fitness into high (25%; high fit), moderate (50%; moderate fit), and low (25%; low fit) groups. Logistic regression was used to assess the relative risk of MetS based on abdominal obesity and fitness levels, and moderation analysis using the Process macro was conducted to explore the moderating effect of fitness on the relationship between abdominal obesity and MetS risk factors.RESULTS After adjusting forcovariates, logistic regression showed that high WHR (odds ratio (OR)=2.721, <i>p</i>=0.004) led to a significantly higher risk of MetS compared with low WHR; the high fit group (OR=0.360, <i>p</i>=0.044) had a significantly lower risk of MetS compared wih the low fit group. Moderation analysis revealed that the impact of abdominal obesity on MetS risk factors varied depending on the level of fitness (<i>β</i>=-0.495, <i>p</i>=0.037), and the results remained significant after covariate adjustment (<i>β</i>=-0.458, <i>p</i>=0.049).CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that the risk of MetS from abdominal obesity can be mitigated by higher levels of physical fitness. These findings highlight the need for participation in regular physical activity to maintain a high level of fitness, along with proper nutritional intake, to prevent MetS in older women.