Information Exchange Model Research Articles

Common Reporting Standard as a model for tax information exchange: mechanism of operation and implementation status in Ukraine

The article studies the Common Reporting Standard (CRS), an information standard for the automatic exchange of tax information between states that are parties to the Multilateral Competent Authority Agreement (MCAA). It also explores the prospects of Ukraine’s participation in the exchange under this standard. The study analyzes the information subject to international exchange, types of financial institutions required to collect and submit tax-relevant information to authorities for international exchange, account types, tax residents, and methods of verifying client integrity when opening accounts. The article aims to systematize knowledge about the prerequisites for creating, the mechanism of intergovernmental tax cooperation within the CRS framework, current results achieved under this standard, Ukraine’s accession status, steps taken by Ukraine towards implementing automatic exchange of tax information, and recommendations for accountable entities and account holders on complying with CRS rules. The study employed a comprehensive research methodology, including a literature review, analysis of normative documents, and comparative analysis. The conclusions emphasize the crucial importance of Ukraine’s accession to the CRS standard for ensuring proper tax compliance and budgetary revenues, particularly amid full-scale Russian aggression. The study also describes the challenges, especially regarding compliance with tax data exchange requirements by financial institutions and account holders. It underscores the need for strong political will from Ukrainian authorities to overcome obstacles and ensure effective CRS implementation. Overall, the study highlights the significant role of CRS in improving tax collection while acknowledging the hurdles ahead. The research perspective on this topic is extensive, given that automatic tax information exchange, particularly under the investigated standard, is currently being established and is relatively underexplored by researchers.

Research on the Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Economic Information Dissemination in the New Media Era

With the rapid development of internet technology, social media platforms, and the proliferation of mobile devices, the ways in which people access, process, and disseminate economic information are increasingly diversified. In the economic sector, the rise of new media has led to economic information dissemination displaying distinct characteristics of immediacy, interactivity, and diversity. Information spreads faster, allowing market dynamics and policy adjustments to quickly reach a broad audience. The public actively participates in discussions through new media platforms, forming a two-way interactive information exchange model, thereby meeting the personalized needs of different audiences. To drive the transformation of information dissemination, technological factors play a significant role. The development of new media technology provides broader space for information dissemination, while economic and social factors also have a profound impact, changing the content and methods of information dissemination. To address the challenges of the new media era, it is necessary to improve based on actual conditions, gradually enhance the quality of information, and ensure its authenticity and accuracy; use new media technology to increase the efficiency of information dissemination; enhance interactivity, encourage public participation in discussions; optimize communication channels, select appropriate platforms for the audience, improve the effectiveness of economic information dissemination, and better serve socio-economic development.

Biomedical Engineering Research Based on Computer Propagation Technology: Treatment of neurodigestive diseases

With the support of the Institute of Cancer Hospital of Chifeng University, Sarkov and Markov Memorial Health Informatics Laboratory designed a new working concept of innovative Nursing by using neural network and Brain–computer interface technology. The research team proposed a direct connection between human or animal brain (or brain cell culture) and external equipment. In the case of one-way Brain–computer interface, the computer may accept commands from the brain. Using this point to detect the emotion of patients after surgery and carry out necessary gourds, a two-way information exchange method and model of two-way Brain–computer interface are also proposed. The potential non-invasive Brain–computer interface designed by us has been deeply studied, mainly because of its good time resolution, ease of use, portability and relatively low price. Especially in the specific application and working practice of EEG (Electroencephalography), our achievements directly meet the application of clinical institutions.

Основные требования к средствам связи и информационной поддержке медицинской эвакуации железнодорожным транспортом

During the special operation in 2022, more than 60 railway runs have been carried out to evacuate wounded servicemen to military medical organizations, including transportation by rail. The rolling stock used for the military sanitary train does not fully meet the modern requirements for equipping with information and telecommunication systems, and, therefore, does not contribute to the effective use of military sanitary train for its intended purpose. Purpose: To consider the issue of improving the equipment of MST communication facilities and improving information and communication support for the passenger fleet of railway transport used for medical evacuation needs. Methods: Methods of system analysis and operations research theory have been used. Results: A prospective model for information exchange among personnel within the MST has been developed. The main requirements for communication and information support means for medical evacuation by rail have been determined. An algorithm of tasks has been formulated for further organizational and methodological research on the implementation of information and telecommunication technologies, including measures for developing tactical and technical requirements for communication means of military medical train personnel. Practical significance: Requirements for communication and information support means for medical evacuation by rail have been identified. These requirements are to be used in the course of experimental and design work on the development of an information and telecommunication complex for the military medical train.

Green Supplier Selection Based on Sequential Group Three-Way Decision Making

Environmental protection and sustainable development have become the consensus of all countries in the world. Enterprises must pay attention to the impact on the environment in their operations. Therefore, the selection of green suppliers has become a crucial issue for companies. Supplier selection is a dynamic and complex multi-attribute group decision-making process. The decision results have the tripartite characteristics of “accepted”, “rejected” and “pending further investigation”, and experts need to constantly negotiate in the decision-making process to achieve consensus. In view of the above characteristics, this study constructs a sequential group three-way decision making (TWDM) method to support green supplier selection. Firstly, we review the existing literature on the evaluation criteria and selection methods of green suppliers. In this process, we construct an evaluation attribution system including the following four aspects: product formation, service level, development capability, and green level. Secondly, combining with the sequential and group characteristics of decision making, we propose a multiple-attribute sequential group TWDM method based on a multi-level granularity structure. The weight of each decision maker is determined by his influence weight and interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy entropy weight. The attribute weight is determined by entropy weight and subjective weight. By using the VIsekriterijumska Optimizacija I Kompromisno Resenje (VIKOR) method improved by grey relation analysis (GRA), we calculate conditional probabilities. Since the cumulative prospect theory can reflect the risk attitude of decision makers, we apply it to calculate the decision thresholds. Finally, we apply a case of Q automobile manufacturer to verify the effectiveness, applicability and feasibility of the method. The innovation of this study is to construct social networks at each granularity level and introduce an expert information exchange model to promote group consensus. The sequential group TWDM method provides a new reference and idea for the selection of green suppliers.

MECHANISMS FOR DETERMINING INNOVATIVE RESOURCES FOR THE FORMATION OF AN INTELLIGENT PRODUCTION SYSTEM IN AGRICULTURE

The article analyzes the resource opportunities for the formation of an integrated system "Smart Production" based on "Smart Agriculture" in the development of agriculture. On the basis of the formation of an integrated platform "Smart Production" based on "Smart Agriculture", the possibilities of applying advanced foreign experience in the national economy were evaluated. Economic criteria for activating the management mechanism are proposed to determine the priority factors for increasing the efficiency of agricultural production entities and improving the living conditions of the population. The features of the model of electronic information exchange of the "Smart Production" platform integrated on the basis of "Smart Agriculture" are presented. He commented on the functional blocks of the organizers of the "Smart Production" system in the production of agricultural products.

Alzheimer's Disease: Biophysics, Genetics, Epigenetics, Neuroimaging, Bioelementology, Nutriciology, Treatment, Prevention and Neurotrenching

The complex more than Alzheimer’s disease 115-year-old problem paradigm is an author’s multidisciplinary response through the prism of fundamental applied algorithms/tools/technologies to the pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment and prevention of this neurodegeneration. Homo sapiens brains are biological, biophysical, neurophysiological and medico-social information exchange paradigms. The achievement of research N. P. Romanchuk is the establishment of many genetic and epigenetic factors of cognitive decline and neurodegenerative diseases. The introduction of copyright developments in the last 15 years has made it possible to form a system of algorithms and tools for managing neuroplasticity. Modified combined EEG/PET and PET/fMRI methods and hybrid PET/CT/MRI technologies are combined functional and structural neuroimaging. Modern communications are multilevel, multiparadigmal, and interdisciplinary models of information exchange. Neurogenetics is a center for multidisciplinary and interagency research using best practices, involving 5P Medicine and 5G technology. In studies, N.P. Romanchuk showed that for the new neurogenesis and neuroplasticity, for the management of human neuroplasticity and biological age, for the modern neurophysiology and neurorehabilitation of cognitive disorders and cognitive disorders, sufficient functional and energy nutrition of the brain is necessary using modern neurotechnologies of nuclear medicine. Modern artificial intelligence technologies are capable of many things, including predicting cognitive impairment and cognitive disorders, using combined and hybrid neuroimaging, sequencing of a new generation, etc., in order to begin timely and effective rehabilitation of the H. sapiens brain. The brain of H. sapiens is the next frontier for healthcare. The merger of combined and hybrid neuroimaging methods with artificial intelligence technologies allows us to understand and diagnose neurological disorders and find new methods of rehabilitation and medical and social support that will lead to improved mental health. The severity of cognitive impairment largely depends on the time of early prevention, the severity of depressive disorder, the age of the patient, neuroendocrine, cerebral and cerebrovascular pathology.

Solving Ontology Metamatching Problem through Improved Multiobjective Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm

In recent years, knowledge representation in the Artificial Intelligence (AI) domain is able to help people understand the semantics of data and improve the interoperability between diverse knowledge-based applications. Semantic Web (SW), as one of the methods of knowledge representation, is the new generation of World Wide Web (WWW), which integrates AI with web techniques and dedicates to implementing the automatic cooperations among different intelligent applications. Ontology, as an information exchange model that defines concepts and formally describes the relationships between two concepts, is the core technique of SW, implementing semantic information sharing and data interoperability in the Internet of Things (IoT) domain. However, the heterogeneity issue hampers the communications among different ontologies and stops the cooperations among ontology-based intelligent applications. To solve this problem, it is vital to establish semantic relationships between heterogeneous ontologies, which is the so-called ontology matching. Ontology metamatching problem is commonly a complex optimization problem with many local optima. To this end, the ontology metamatching problem is defined as a multiobjective optimization model in this work, and a multiobjective particle swarm optimization (MOPSO) with diversity enhancing (DE) (MOPSO-DE) strategy is proposed to better trade off the convergence and diversity of the population. The well-known benchmark of the Ontology Alignment Evaluation Initiative (OAEI) is used in the experiment to test MOPSO-DE’s performance. Experimental results prove that MOPSO-DE can obtain the high-quality alignment and reduce the MOPSO’s memory consumption.

Исследование информационного взаимодействия между различными подсистемами на основе стандартов CCSDS при идентификации материальных объектов

Due to the increasing complexity of information processes, there is a need to develop models and methods of interaction between various subsystems, segments and, in relation to them, to develop methods for identifying ob-jects. The object of research is the process of accounting for the movement of material objects between different segments of complex systems, for example, between different segments of the international space station, between different segments of the material flow system or other segments of the Earth-Space system. Instruments and instrument complexes were chosen as material objects. Based on the performed study of data structure complexity levels, the necessity of development of identification systems for different segments of the material flow transportation system was substantiated. A new method is proposed and the results of practical experiments on the identification of material objects on the basis of CCSDS standard (CCSDS RFID Tag-Encoding Yellow Book) are considered. The hardware platform for accounting of tangible objects and information collection was selected radio-frequency readers and on-board computer networks represented by CCSDS 881.1-B-1 (Spacecraft onboard interface services - RFID tag encoding specification). RFID tags are used to identify tangible objects. To solve the problem of transferring information about material objects the developed model of information exchange and method of identification of material objects are presented, necessary fields and tag's memory bank structure are presented. In the process of describing the identification of material objects it is proposed to use a special alphabet ECMA-113 for data representation in the identifiers placed in the RFID tags. As part of the study, the simulation of information exchange between different subsystems during the transfer of information about material objects was conducted. The results of the experiments are presented, confirming that the universality of the alphabet lies in the possibility of simultaneous use of Latin and Cyrillic coding. For an estimation of efficiency of the offered models and modelling of a situation of an exchange of the information on material objects in wireless on-board networks separate independent subprogrammes of coding, decoding of identifiers of material objects have been developed and practical modelling of transfer of the big information volume between two various agencies (segments) is spent. The programmes were developed by the participants independently 
 of each other. On the basis of fulfilled modeling of information interaction and information transfer on material objects it was found that the error of data recognition does not exceed 6-7% and it does not increase with the increasing number of objects. The development results allowed to formulate a conclusion about the success of the experiment on the application of object identifiers based on CCSDS for airborne wireless networks, for the use of radio-frequency identification systems.

Нейрофизиология, нейроэндокринология и ядерная медицина: маршрутизация долголетия Homo sapiens

The human brain Homo sapiens are biological, biophysical, neurophysiological and medico-social paradigms of information exchange. The achievement of the studies of N. P. Romanchuk is the establishment of many genetic and epigenetic factors of cognitive decline and neurodegenerative diseases. The introduction of copyright developments in the last decade has made it possible to form a system of algorithms and tools for managing neuroplasticity. Modified combined EEG/PET and PET/fMRI methods and hybrid PET/CT/MRI technologies are a combination of functional and structural neuroimaging. Modern communications are multilevel, multi-paradigm and interdisciplinary models of information exchange. Neurogenetics is a center for multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary research using advanced methods, involving 5P medicine and 5G technology. N. P. Romanchuk studies show that for new neurogenesis and neuroplasticity, to manage human neuroplasticity and biological age, for modern neurophysiology and neurorehabilitation of cognitive disorders and cognitive disorders, sufficient functional and energy nutrition of the brain is needed using modern neurotechnologies of nuclear medicine: radioprotective pharmaceuticals and nutritionology, radio modulators and radio stimulators. Modern principles of rational design of nanomaterials optimize therapeutic effectiveness, therefore, systematic generalization of achievements in this field allows developing new highly effective nanoradioprotectors with maximization of drug effectiveness.

Онтологические аспекты политической коммуникации в новой информационной реальности

The reality of information technologies of the last two decades has been transforming incredibly quickly. New systems for collecting, processing, and transmitting data are constantly emerging. Following them, more modern models of communication are being created. As a result, the former models of information exchange, which only yesterday seemed relevant and in demand, today are being forced out to the “periphery”. In such rapidly changing conditions, the problem of studying the ontological aspects of political communication is especially acute. This article attempts to systematize and comparatively analyze the key aspects of information exchange in politics in the latest technological conditions.

Function-oriented approach to mining enterprise automation

Nowadays a production enterprise is inconceivable without the automation of all its processes – technological, production, and managerial. The efficiency of an enterprise largely depends on high-quality data processing within a single information space. The introduction of an integrated automated management system for an industrial enterprise, consistent with the business model, will eliminate many of the problems arising during creation, integration and development of automated systems, will create an effective enterprise management system and will reduce future costs of production modernization. Current trends of digital transformation increase the demand for an integrated business management system model, that would include a model of an integrated information management system as an integral part of it. The study aims to develop a reference functional model of mining enterprises, including a comprehensive vision of business, production and technological processes and their IT support. The model proposed is based on the analysis of existing international industry approaches to automation, as well as the experience and best practices of automation of mining enterprises. The methodological foundations of the research include enterprise architecture approach (including the concept of service-oriented architecture) and authors' function-oriented approach for engineering the IT architecture. The article describes a reference functional model of a mining enterprise, on the basis of which the structure of the mining enterprise IT-architecture functional structure is determined. The function-oriented approach for engineering IT-architecture as a reflection of the business functional structure is a good example of the symmetry phenomena in enterprise management. Further research will be devoted to the issues of designing an information exchange model and a data architecture model for the mining value chain and its individual parts in interconnection, as well as reflecting end-to-end processes of mining enterprises in the IT architecture based on the developed model for determining the boundaries of functional blocks of information systems

Impact of NOTAM on security and efficiency performance of flights (overview)

The purpose of this work is to analyze and assess the impact of NOTAM on the flight safety and efficiency. The main problems associated with NOTAM were considered: number of NOTAMs, the practical use of NOTAM information, technical limitations of the current NOTAM system. Examples of the negative impact of NOTAM on the quality of air navigation support, safety and efficiency of flights are presented. Also, the best practice of solving problems, related to NOTAM in the world, is presented with using: Q-code and flight planning systems (on the example of Lido Flight 4D). The concept of the European AIS Database (EAD), developed on the basis of the Aeronautical Information Exchange Model (AIXM), is presented. The concept of Digital NOTAM, implemented on the basis of AIXM and intended for the exchange, automatic processing and interpretation of the dynamic aeronautical data, is considered. The research studies the new modernized NOTAM system – Federal NOTAM System (FNS – Federal NOTAM System), developed by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) of the United States, which allows encoding the Digital NOTAM. ICAO's plans for the transition from the concept of Aeronautical Information Service (AIS) to the Aeronautical Information Management (AIM), applying the principles of the System Wide Information Management (SWIM) concept, were analyzed. As a result of the analysis of the current NOTAM system and the modernized NOTAM system (FNS from FAA), conclusions were drawn that the implementation of Digital NOTAM should solve the technical part of the problems associated with NOTAM, brought about by the use of modern communications (internet) and new data exchange standards (AIXM), which, as a result, will lead to an increase in the level of safety and efficiency of flights. At the same time, problems with NOTAM caused by human factors remain unresolved, due to incorrect use of the NOTAM instrument.

Formation and development of e-government in Ukraine: synergistic approach

The experience of modern public administration shows that the systems approach as the basic concept of e-government does not provide the desired results in the context of rapid transformations of the economy and society. This article deals with the scientific substantiation of the use of a synergistic approach in the practice of e-government and gives a comparative analysis of system and synergistic approaches in public administration. The authors compare the basic principles of the system approach and synergetics, and then investigate the exchange of public information between public authorities and users of this information in the e-government system. The article offers a model of information exchange, which allows identifying bottlenecks in the e-government system and identifying ways to eliminate negative factors. The authors summarise the results of research on the existence of self-organisation processes in public administration and the need for new approaches to e-government based on the concept of synergetics.

Creating an ATC knowledge graph in support of the artificial situational awareness system

Automation has been recognized as a possible solution for increasing air traffic controller workload trends. This paper presents a methodology for creating an air traffic control knowledge graph, which is used as part of a hybrid artificial intelligence system for air traffic control operations. The system combines machine learning and symbolic reasoning with the purpose of achieving artificial situational awareness in a narrow domain of en-route air traffic control operations. This approach allows the use of user-defined knowledge alongside existing knowledge repositories. The novel knowledge graph development methodology is universal for any area of air traffic management which relies on the aeronautical information exchange models. In this paper we also present the open-source tools which were developed to make this approach possible and system performance evaluations. Future work should address achieving real-time operation and additional task automation, accompanied by appropriate ontology and graph expansion.

A Comprehensive Evaluation Method for the Effectiveness of Public Health-Oriented Music Performance Art Based on Blockchain Technology.

Music can promote the development of physical and mental health, and its therapeutic utility has begun to receive widespread attention from scholars, who have systematically studied the therapeutic methods, processes, and utility of music with the theme of music therapy, and the topic has been extended from music therapy at the individual level to the public health domain. Therefore, it is worthwhile to further explore how the effectiveness of music as a performing arts activity in the public health domain is evaluated. However, most of the current studies focus on the evaluation of the effects of music on individual physical and mental health, and few involve the evaluation of music performing arts activities in the public health domain, which greatly hinders the potential of music performing arts applications in the public health domain. Therefore, this study proposes a dynamic and comprehensive evaluation scheme based on the cross-chain technology in blockchain and establishes a cross-chain-based information exchange model for the feasibility of information exchange between music performing arts and public health. The research findings can not only provide theoretical guidance for the formulation of public health policies but also provide technical support for the comprehensive evaluation of the effectiveness of music performing arts activities.

Analysis of the Constituent Concepts and Development and Evaluation of the Scientific Information Exchange Model at Digital Library on Internet of Things

Analysis of the Constituent Concepts and Development and Evaluation of the Scientific Information Exchange Model at Digital Library on Internet of Things

Requirements and process analysis for ports and waterways openBIM ISO standards development

PurposeDefining building information modelling (BIM) standards for the infrastructure domain is a central issue to the successful implementation of BIM in civil engineering domains. To this end, this paper aims to present a requirements and process analysis for the ports and waterways domain to address the lack of BIM standards development, using the information delivery manual (IDM) approach and the ethos of openBIM standards.Design/methodology/approachThis research uses the IDM approach. This involves the definition of use cases, process maps, exchange scenarios and subsequent exchange requirements. All these developments were sourced and validated by a series of international industry consultations.FindingsThe paper identifies 30 domain relevant use cases collated from existing sources and new cases. An overview and detailed ports and waterways process map (defining actors, activities and data exchanges). The process maps highlighted 38 exchange scenarios between various activities. Various exchange requirements were defined and are discussed in the context of the required information exchange model and the extensions required to fulfil the needs of the domain. The analysis provides the core information for the next steps of development for a substantial extension to the Industry Foundation Classes and the supporting data dictionary standards.Research limitations/implicationsBecause of the international scope of the research, the outcomes can be applied by any stakeholders in the domain of ports and waterways. Therefore, some variation is expected at a national and organizational level. This research has the potential to accelerate the adoption of openBIM standards within the ports and waterways domain leading to increases in efficiency, collaborative working.Originality/valueThis paper reviews the requirements of an identified gap in the provision of openBIM standards relevant and applicable to the domain of ports and waterways.

Мозг Homo sapiens XXI века: нейрофизиологические, нейроэкономические и нейросоциальные механизмы принятия решений

Systemic neurocognitive and neuroeconomic decision-making is becoming one of the greatest quality life problems of Homo sapiens in the 21st century. Human decision-making at neurocognitive, neurosocial and neuroeconomic levels has been investigated. Neuroplasticity management methods allow timely prevention of factors that reduce neuroplasticity, preserve factors of positive influence on neuroplasticity, and most importantly, timely use of combined methods of preserving and developing neuroplasticity of the human brain in practical healthcare (Romanchuk N. P., Moscow, 2016, Science and Education in the 21st Century). Modern science views man, humanity and the biosphere as a single system, with growing demographic, food and medical problems. The main engine of human longevity is when the microbiological memory of the microbiota remains stable, and the diet of functional (healthy) dietary nutrition and the structure of healthy biomicrobiota function almost unchanged. Healthy biomicrobiota provides stability of functioning and timely reprogramming in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, in the work of bidirectional intestinal-brain connections of the “cognitive and visceral brain”. The role of cortisol, estrogen, testosterone and oxytocin has been established - in age-related changes in brain functions, and in the process of cognitive and socio-emotional aging. Human brains are biological, biophysical, neurophysiological and medico-social paradigms of information exchange. Modern communications are multilevel, multi-paradigm and interdisciplinary models of information exchange. The introduction of copyright developments in the last decade has made it possible to form a system of algorithms and tools for managing neuroplasticity. The new competencies of psychoneuroimmunoendocrinology and psychoneuroimmunology play a strategic role in interdisciplinary science and interdisciplinary planning and decision-making. Qualified mind — creates and improves the cognitive potential of the brain. The “neurointerface stone” of H. sapiens self-esteem for self-actualization and self-realization of personality is self-discovery, self-development, self-control, self-realization. Brain H. sapiens working in the mode of genius (talent, creativity) requires the creation and maintenance of modern neurocommunications between the new cortex and the hippocampus (memory library, memory winchester), the formation of new structural-functional neurocommunications in brain H. sapiens that occur continuously throughout life from birth to super-longevity and have creative advantages in the era of modern neuroscience and neuromarketing.

Биоэлементология и нутрициология мозга

New insights into the mechanisms underlying the action of macro- and trace elements on the brain and the microbiota-gut-brain axis will promote the development of food interventions aimed at optimizing brain function and preventing or treating neurodegenerative disorders and other age-related conditions. Rehabilitation of the seven most common deficiencies of trace elements: iron, zinc, copper, selenium, cobalt, chromium and iodine can increase global IQ, cognitive brain neurocommunication and the intellectual development of Homo sapiens in the 21st century. Further structural-functional and cognitive development of the brain will require quantitative and qualitative provision of new tools of bioelementology and brain nutritionology. N. P. Romanchuk studies show that for new neurogenesis and neuroplasticity, to manage human neuroplasticity and biological age, for modern neurophysiology and neurorehabilitation of cognitive impairment and cognitive disorders, sufficient functional and energy nutrition of the brain is needed. Authors’ works in the creation of a new protective functional and epigenetic nutrition, the clinical application of strategic combined and hybrid methods and tools in the neurorehabilitation of the circadian system, the use of artificial intelligence in the functioning of the “cognitive brain” and “visceral brain” and brain-microbiota neural networks are a promising applied direction in personalized medicine. Psychoneuroimmunological communications and neuroendocrinological multimodal methods make it possible to significantly increase the duration of an active and high-quality healthy life of a person. Modern communications are multilevel, multi-paradigm and interdisciplinary models of information exchange. The new competencies of psychoneuroimmunoendocrinology and neuroeconomics play a strategic role in interdisciplinary science and interdisciplinary planning and decision-making, in creating a fundamentally new theory that will explain our decisions with genes, neuronal activity, our brain's perception of information, the influence of neurosociology and neuroevolution.