Enterprise Model Research Articles

Impact Of Digitalization In Fast Moving Consumer Goods Industry In India

While some individuals shop for groceries on a daily basis, others go grocery shopping once a week just to bulk up. Having said that, it is essential for everyone to buy food. The term "fast-moving consumer goods" (FMCG) is shorthand for things that are inexpensive, much sought after, and sell out rapidly. Because customers buy and use these products often, stores and supermarkets label them as "fast-moving" because they disappear off shop shelves so quickly. In India, the fast-moving consumer goods sector is a major economic driver. Household and personal care makes up half of the fast-moving consumer goods (FMCG) industry, which is the fourth biggest in the economy. Changing lifestyles, rising incomes, more knowledge, and better access have been the primary growth factors for fast-moving consumer goods (FMCG).There was a $56.8 billion FMCG market in December 2022. The forecasted total revenue for the FMCG market is roughly $615.87 billion, with a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 27.9% from 2021–27.The study shows that there are different opinions on digitization and that it is a wide-ranging issue. However, when people think of digitization in the fast moving goods business, particularly in the food sector, they usually picture the tools and processes that help sell food online. The current surge, on the other hand, is attributable to the fact that people are becoming used to buying online and are hence requesting this functionality for their grocery shopping as well. Companies in the food business can't help but consider digitization in response to customer demands for digital solutions, as customers are the industry's most important players. Electronic commerce (e-commerce) opens up a worldwide market and frees retailers from some availability constraints, allowing customers to buy things whenever and wherever they want, according to today's literature.Due to the wide range of temperatures and relatively short shelf life of many items, the food business has its fair share of unique issues. This presents both a barrier and an opportunity for online food sellers in terms of delivery. Everyone involved in the sector is aware of this, thus they're all working to find a delivery solution. But it's debatable that the food sector as a whole has to expand if e-commerce is going to be a viable and lucrative business model for enterprises. This includes the FMCG digital market.

Analyzing the Nexus Between Entrepreneurship and Business Mathematics - A Comprehensive Study on Strategic Decision-Making, Financial Modeling, and Risk Assessment in Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs)

This research undertakes a comprehensive exploration of the symbiotic relationship between entrepreneurship and business mathematics, focusing on strategic decision-making, financial modeling, and risk assessment within the context of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs). The study aims to elucidate how the integration of mathematical models influences the operational dynamics of SMEs, ultimately shaping their ability to navigate uncertainties and foster sustainable growth. The investigation delves into the theoretical underpinnings of this nexus, drawing from established theories such as the Resource-Based View, Decision Theory, Financial Modeling Theories, Prospect Theory, Systems Theory, and Entrepreneurial Learning Theories. These frameworks collectively form the basis for understanding how SMEs strategically leverage business mathematics to optimize resource allocation, assess risks, and make informed decisions. Methodologically, a mixed-methods research design is employed, combining qualitative in-depth interviews with SME entrepreneurs and quantitative surveys distributed among a representative sample. The research design aims to provide a nuanced understanding of how mathematical models are applied in SMEs, capturing both the qualitative insights of entrepreneurs and quantitative data on the prevalence and impact of business mathematics in strategic decision-making, financial modeling, and risk assessment. Challenges and opportunities associated with the integration of business mathematics are discussed, including issues of expertise, data quality, perceived complexity, and cost constraints. The research highlights the potential for technological advancements, collaborative platforms, educational initiatives, and supportive policies to bridge these gaps and unlock the transformative potential of mathematical models in SMEs. The research contributes to the growing body of knowledge on the intersection of entrepreneurship and business mathematics, providing insights for SMEs, educators, policymakers, and researchers. The findings underscore the importance of mathematical literacy in the entrepreneurial landscape, offering practical implications for enhancing decision-making processes, financial strategies, and risk management practices within SMEs. Keywords: Entrepreneurship, Business Mathematics, Financial Modeling, Risk Assessment, Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs), Entrepreneurial Finance, Probability Analysis.

SWOT analysis of the models used by social enterprises in scaling effective refractive error coverage to achieve the 2030 in SIGHT in Kenya

Uncorrected refractive error has predominantly been delivered through commercial entrepreneurship in Kenya. However, to achieve the 2030 IN SIGHT, integration of other forms of entrepreneurship such as the social entrepreneurship is desirable to supplement the efforts of the dominant commercial entrepreneurship. Therefore, this study intended to undertake a SWOT analysis of the current models used by social enterprises in scaling effective refractive error coverage to achieve the 2030 IN SIGHT in Kenya. A review of the seven national strategic plans for eye health in Kenya was undertaken to get a glimpse on the efforts directed towards uncorrected refractive error in achieving the 2030 IN SIGHT. The review was inclined towards assessing the efforts directed by the strategic plans towards scaling human resource, spectacle provision and refraction points. A SWOT analysis was undertaken based on the financial, impact and the approach report for each model. A key informant interview was conducted with a representative and three to five members of the social enterprise about the model. Thereafter, the modified SWOT analysis based on the review and the interview was presented to the representatives of the social enterprises. Purposive sampling was used to identify seven models used by social enterprises in the delivery of refractive error services in Kenya. Finally, the recommendations were presented to key opinion leaders for an input through a Delphi technique. Out of the seven national strategic plans for eye health reviewed, only the strategic plan 2020–2025 intends to establish optical units within 15 different counties in Kenya. Of the seven models currently utilized by social enterprises, only the Kenya Society for the Blind has integrated the telemedicine concept. On application of mHealth, all of the social enterprises models tend to embrace the approach for screening activities. None of the models has a strengthened referral pathway utilizing telereferral and telemedicine. Out of all the models, only Operation Eyesight Universal, Fred Hollow Foundation and Peek Acuity do not depend on sales of subsidized spectacles for sustainability. Every model has the capacity to propel the delivery of refractive error services depending on its comprehensiveness. However, for the 2030 IN SIGHT to be achieved, models prioritizing human resource through telemedicine integration, service provision across all sectors, awareness creation and enhancing cost efficiency are desirable.

Evaluation and screening of technology start-ups based on PCA and GA-BPNN.

Due to the existence of information opacity, there is a common problem of adverse selection in the process of screening alternative technology start-ups (TSs) and determining investment targets by venture capital institutions, which does not reveal the true value of enterprises and makes the market inefficient. The aim of this paper is to design an evaluation and screening system help venture capital institutions to select the qualified TSs as their investment objective. A research framework of four dimensions that include conception, technical innovation, business model and team structure, was built based on previous studies. Based on the research framework, 15 second-level indicators and 33 third-level indicators were extracted with literature research method. This paper proposes an evaluation model with back propagation neural network (BPNN) optimized by genetic algorithm (GA) to improve the rate of selecting and investing in qualified start-ups. The results show that the evaluation accuracy of the evaluation model for qualified and unqualified enterprises can reach 80.33% and 93.67% respectively, which has verified the effectiveness of the model and algorithm. This paper established an effective evaluation system based on PCA and GA-BPNN to help venture capital institutions preliminarily screen potential technology start-ups, which provides the possibility for venture capital institutions to greatly reduce the screening time and cost, improve the screening efficiency of TSs, and scientifically assess the risk of investee projects or investee enterprises to obtain sustainable and stable excess profits.

Taking stock of the trajectories of South Korea’s government-certified social enterprises: perspectives on a fluid semi-public sector model

PurposeThis study aims to assess the alignment of South Korea’s government-certified social enterprises (GCSEs) with prevailing social enterprise (SE) models, notably the entrepreneurial nonprofit, social cooperative and social business models delineated in the “Emergence of Social Enterprises in Europe” (Defourny and Nyssens, 2012, 2017a, 2017b) and the “principle of interest” frameworks (Defourny et al., 2021). Thereby, it seeks to situate these enterprises within recognized frameworks and elucidate their hybrid identities.Design/methodology/approachAnalyzing panel data from 2016 to 2020 for 259 GCSEs, this study uses tslearn for k-means clustering with dynamic time warping to assess their developmental trajectories and alignment with established SE models, which echoes the approach of Defourny et al. (2021). We probe the “fluid” identities of semi-public sector SEs, integrating Gordon’s (2013) notion that they tend to blend various SE traditions as opposed to existing in isolation.FindingsResults indicate that GCSEs do align with prevalent SE frameworks. Furthermore, they represent a spectrum of SE models, suggesting the versatility of the public sector in fostering diverse types of SEs.Originality/valueThe concept of a semi-public sector SE model has been relatively uncharted, even though it holds significance for research on SE typologies and public sector entrepreneurship literature. This study bridges this gap by presenting empirical evidence of semi-public SEs and delineating the potential paths these enterprises might take as they amalgamate various SE traditions.

A three-player game model for promoting enterprise green technology innovation from the perspective of media coverage.

The objective of this study was to explore the game relationship among enterprise, the government, and the public under the new media environment, so as to provide decision-making reference for improving enterprise green technology innovation and promoting economy high-quality development with new media participation. This study constructs a three-subject evolutionary game model of enterprise, government, and public based on multi-agent relationship analysis and evolutionary game theory. In addition, the derivation of an evolutionary equilibrium strategy and numerical simulation analysis is carried out to comprehensively explore the evolution trajectory of green technology innovation system under the new media environment. (1) The system may have four stable evolutionary strategies: (1,0,0), (0,0,1), (1,0,1), and (1,1,1). (2) The initial strategy probability of various actors would affect the system evolution speed but not the evolution result, and the authenticity of new media reports is an important factor determining the system evolution of green technology innovation. (3) Numerical simulation results show that a fair and just new media environment can effectively constrain the traditional production behavior of enterprise, actively guide the public to participate in supervision, and play an alternative role to government regulation to a certain extent. This study explores the evolutionary balance strategy of green technology innovation system under the new media environment, which not only enriches relevant theories of media environment governance but also has important reference value for promoting enterprises' green technology innovation and establishing an environmental governance system jointly governed by government, enterprise, public, and media.

Study on the Development Status and Countermeasures of Rural E-commerce Logistics in the Context of Rural Revitalization

Since the implementation of the rural revitalization strategy, China's rural e-commerce logistics industry scale is gradually growing, e-commerce platforms are gradually emerging in rural areas, becoming an important engine of rural economic development, rural e-commerce logistics demand has seen a blowout growth, agricultural products, "upstream" channel needs to be expanded. This paper takes China's rural e-commerce logistics as the research object, through analyzing the development status quo of China's rural e-commerce logistics under the background of rural revitalization, and pointing out that China's rural e-commerce logistics development is currently faced with such problems as imperfect infrastructure, inefficient distribution of goods, the lack of professional logistics management personnel, and the low level of logistics informationization. In order to solve these problems, it is necessary to strengthen the construction of rural logistics infrastructure, improve the level of rural informatization, strengthen the training of rural e-commerce logistics personnel and promote the implementation of the common distribution model of logistics enterprises, in order to promote the construction of the rural e-commerce logistics system, so as to help realize the revitalization of the countryside.

A practical tool to enable Indigenous enterprise planning and development grounded in culture

Globally, Indigenous people seek to develop sustainable livelihood options that enable them to practice their culture, look after their traditional estates and generate economic development outcomes for their wider community. Enterprise development can and may provide one such pathway. However, challenges can arise with regard to reconciling the core drivers of ‘economic development’ with aspirations to practice and preserve culture. Current enterprise development approaches and models do not always suit Indigenous contexts. In this paper, we present a practical tool to enable Indigenous leaders, their partners, and others, to consider enterprise development options grounded in culture that may generate multiple benefits including economic outcomes. Our tool combines critical review of alternative development models, with empirical research to outline a set of foundational principles, building blocks and potential enterprise development options. We apply the practical tool to a case study of a nascent enterprise from the northern Australia Indigenous-led bush products sector. The case study illustrates how enterprise development planning is integral and discussions should consider how to enable cultural governance, protection of Indigenous cultural and intellectual property, potential benefits and sharing, access to resources, as well as the ‘building blocks’ for enterprise development and consideration of different enterprise approaches. The practical tool aims to ensure development pathways build on local economies and ecologies, do not compromise culture and recognise the influence of extra-local political economies on lived experiences and outcomes.

Toward an ontology for EA modeling and EA model quality

Models have long since been used, in different shapes and forms, to understand, communicate about, and (re)shape, the world around us; including many different social, economic, biological, chemical, physical, and digital aspects. This is also the case in the context of enterprise architecture (EA), where we see a wide range of models in many different shapes and forms being used as well. Researchers in EA modeling usually introduce their own lexicon, and perspective of what a model actually is, while accepting (often implicitly) the accompanying ontological commitments. Similarly, practitioners of EA modeling implicitly also commit to (different) ontologies, resulting in models that have an uncertain ontological standing. This is because, for the subject domain of enterprise architecture models (as opposed to the content of such models), no single ontology has gained major traction. As a result, studies into aspects of enterprise architecture models, such as “model quality” and “return on modeling effort”, are fragmented, and cannot readily be compared or combined. This paper proposes a comprehensive applied ontology, specifically geared to enterprise architecture modeling. Ontologies represent structured knowledge about a particular subject domain. It allows for study into, and reasoning about, that subject domain. Our ontology is derived from a theory of modeling, while clarifying concepts such as “enterprise architecture model”, and introduces novel concepts such as “model audience” and “model objective”. Furthermore, the relevant interrelations between these different concepts are identified and defined. The resulting ontology for enterprise architecture models is represented in OntoUML, and shown to be consistent with the foundational ontology for modeling, Unified Foundational Ontology.

Crowdsourcing approach in the model of digital transformation of a tourism enterprise

Increased economic uncertainty and public concern about the new degree of risks to safe living give rise to changes in the structure of supply and demand in the travel industry. The share of cultural and ecological recreation in domestic tourism is growing, with a focus on the consumption of goods from local producers. The universal digitalization of public life increases the importance of cultural self-identification and creative self-expression, which also affects consumer behavior. All this forces tourism enterprises to look for new solutions to adapt their production processes and increase digital maturity. However, the complex of internal and external factors that have a decisive influence on management decision-making makes it difficult to apply existing models of digital transformation of organizations engaged in the field of tourism services. The expert literature on these issues is limited to examples of large companies and entire resorts. The author conducted an approbation of the methodology for drawing up a digital transformation strategy, proposed by a team of authors in the work "Digital Transformation Strategy: write to execute". The study is presented in the form of a case study of an Internet service development project Biggeo.ru the Sochi travel company. The article presents the experience of developing and implementing a digital transformation strategy for a travel agency, which can be useful both to representatives of the scientific community and creative industries involved in the development of innovative products and services, as well as to the heads of companies of alternative types of tourism. The digital transformation model was based on a crowdsourcing approach in the field of cultural and creative tourism, thanks to which an innovative tourist information resource was developed. The work carried out made it possible to confirm the hypothesis about the possibility of using this model in small enterprises of the tourism sector, to carry out a detailed description of the process of drawing up a strategy and to fill a gap in the scientific and expert literature devoted to this area. New in-demand activities and an innovative digital product, which appeared due to the implementation of the strategy for increasing digital maturity, allow us to characterize the first results of the project as successful, and the developing project is able to meet the needs of stakeholders in tools for promoting cultural and creative tourism.

A social enterprise model for TB detection and treatment through the private sector in Pakistan.

Existing models to increase TB case notifications from the private sector in Pakistan are financially unsustainable and have achieved modest success due to limited coverage. To evaluate the impact of a social enterprise model (SEM) intervention on TB case detection in Karachi, Pakistan, and to assess its financial sustainability. Purpose-built centres were established within the private sector that integrated TB screening, diagnostics and treatment and operated 12 hours per day with convenient locations to improve access. TB services were offered free of cost, and revenue generation took place through user fees from other diagnostics. Private providers with a focus on the informal sector were engaged through community workers to generate screening referrals. Overall 171,488 people were screened and 18,683 cases were notified, including 197 individuals with drug-resistant TB. Annual TB notifications in Karachi increased from 18,105 in 2014 to a maximum of 25,840 (40% increase). The proportion of cases in Karachi notified by the centres grew to 27% in 2020. Commercial revenue reached USD288,065 and enabled operating cost recovery of 15%. Average cost per TB case notified was USD203. The SEM intervention contributed a large proportion of notifications in Karachi and achieved modest cost recovery.

Towards an Approach to Co‐Execute System Models at the Enterprise Level

ABSTRACTIndustry 4.0, the Internet of Things, and large‐scale system‐to‐system interactions are driving digital transformation in the industry. Model‐based systems engineering (MBSE) is one of the core paradigms behind this transformation. MBSE practices are widely applied to enterprise (including system of systems and mission) architectures, which become a crucial part of successful digital transformation. The core challenge today is not only how digital continuity can be maintained by connecting different layers of models (such as system models to system‐of‐systems models), but also how to perform detailed analysis and simulation at the enterprise level model. This paper studies Systems Modeling Language (SysML®) as the standard language to model systems, Unified Architecture Framework (UAF) as the framework, Unified Architecture Framework Modeling Language (UAFML) as the language to model enterprise architectures and proposes an approach for end‐to‐end co‐execution of the integrated enterprise model.

Customer churn prediction model in enterprises using machine learning

Customer churn prediction model in enterprises using machine learning

Distribution and Delivery Model on E-Commerce Service for MSMEs

This research aims to develop an e-commerce service application model for Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) that facilitates the sale of MSME products online. The application model allows MSMEs to expand market reach and sell products more efficiently through the internet. In this application, data about customer locations, product locations, and information about available road networks are collected and entered into the system. Furthermore, using Dijkstra's method, the shortest route from the initial location or distribution point to the customer can be calculated automatically by considering factors such as distance, time, and transportation that may affect the speed of delivery. The MSMEs e-commerce service application model can optimize distribution and delivery with the aim of increasing the competitiveness and growth of MSMEs in the digital era. The results obtained in this study provide guidance and contributions in the development of a sustainable e-commerce system for MSMEs.

PRAGMATICS OF THEORETICAL RESEARCH IN THE SPHERE OF FINANCIAL SECURITY OF ENTERPRISES OF NETWORK STRUCTURES: SAFE MEASUREMENT

The work substantiates the necessity of forming an effective model of enterprises of network structures, which ensures their financing based on the principles of innovative development. It has been proven that countries with an unbalanced economic structure as a whole also suffer from the inadequacy of economic security management mechanisms. It is argued that in order to ensure the effective development of the market of national enterprises of network structures, it is necessary to determine its global goal and main purpose. Determining its purpose will ensure the unity of the system and internal incentives for development, speed up the integration into the global system of enterprises of network structures and synchronize the internal interests of the market agents of such enterprises with the interests of the economy as a whole. It is substantiated that the market of enterprises of network structures in Ukraine, being a complete socio-economic system, does not have a clear structural organization of its segments in comparison with corporate enterprises. It is proposed that the solution to the problems of the development of enterprises of network structures in Ukraine must be considered in close connection with the issues of their economic security.

Comprehensive economic analysis of innovation activity of the enterprise

Subject. The article deals with scientific and methodological approach to the complex economic analysis of innovation activity of enterprises. Objectives. The aim is to determine the vector of management decisions regarding the increase in the level of enterprise’s innovation activity. Methods. The study employs methods of scientific abstraction, analysis, synthesis, systematization and generalization, complex integrated assessment, statistical analysis, and matrix methods. Results. To perform the comprehensive economic analysis of innovation activity, we developed a system of indicators and a structural and logical scheme. The results of the analysis of innovation activity of enterprises operating in the food industry of the Donetsk People's Republic show positive trend in the introduction of different kinds of innovations in different aspects of activity. At the same time, the level of innovation activity of most enterprises (60%) is assessed as average, and of 40% - as satisfactory. This requires to develop directions for innovative renewal of existing business models of food industry enterprises, and actively introduce innovations. Conclusions. The practical value of our structural and logical scheme of integrated economic analysis of enterprises’ innovation activity consists in the possibility of integrating into a single cyclical process of a sequence of actions to determine the actual level of innovation activity. The scientific and methodological approach, presented in the study, rests on a multi-criteria system of evaluation indicators, takes into account innovation performance criteria, and enables to reasonably determine management responses to innovation renewal of the current business model of the enterprise.

Dynamics of labor and capital in AI vs. non-AI industries: A two-industry model analysis.

There is an imbalance in the development of artificial intelligence between industries. Compared to non-AI enterprise, AI- enterprise will save labor, enhance innovation capabilities, and improve production efficiency. By constructing a two-industry model of AI and non-AI enterprise, this paper finds that with the development of artificial intelligence in the same industry, the AI enterprise will occupy a dominant position, attracting labor and capital from the non-AI enterprise into the AI enterprise. In different industries, the development of artificial intelligence improves the production efficiency of the enterprise. However, due to the price effect, non-AI enterprise benefits more. Labor and capital flow from AI enterprise to non-AI enterprise. In order to promote the improvement of production efficiency in the whole society, the government can tax non-AI enterprise and subsidize them to AI enterprise. Taxation promotes the degree of automation and the improvement of production efficiency, but it has only a short-term effect on the development of AI. At the same time, taxation inhibits the development of non-AI enterprise, and there is a high risk of unemployment. When both industries use artificial intelligence for production, the labor share and the capital share of the two industries will tend to the same value. The convergence of technology measures is conducive to increasing labor income share and reducing income inequality, but it is not conducive to innovation.

The Influence of College Employment Guidance on the Employment Ability of College Students in Conghua District, Guangzhou

The main purpose of this study is to understand the current situation and problems of college students' employability, analyze their influencing factors, and propose corresponding strategies to enhance their employability from the perspective of college students, in order to achieve the ultimate goal of helping college students improve their employability. This study adopts quantitative research methods such as literature review, questionnaire survey, and statistical analysis to study the content of the article. The research subjects are students and graduates from nine major universities in Conghua District, Guangzhou. This article mainly collects data through SoJump's online distribution of survey questionnaires. Through statistical analysis of the survey data, we understand the current situation of college students' employability, compare it with their training goals, and identify gaps and problems. Based on the research results of the employment ability model in the industry, combined with the training goals of professional talents, and referring to the employment standards and competency model of a large group enterprise for fresh graduates, a college student employment ability evaluation scale was constructed. The sample data was analyzed and processed using SPSS and structural equation modeling. As a supplementary study, this study has made significant contributions to the study of the impact of college students' employability, and has pioneered the use of structural equation models to verify the above hypotheses, filling the gap in many such studies that have not been validated using structural equation models.

Evolutionary game analysis of factors influencing green innovation in Enterprises under environmental governance constraints

The key to controlling environmental pollution is to promote green innovation in relevant enterprises and achieve a healthy development of the environmental governance system. This paper constructs a tripartite evolutionary game model of environmental protection enterprises, polluting enterprises, and governments, and conducts in-depth research on the influencing factors that promote green innovation in two types of enterprises. MATLAB software is used to analyze the impact of different degrees of influencing variables on system evolution. It has found that (1) increasing the intensity of environmental governance and the level of innovation subsidies by the government can effectively promote green innovation in both types of enterprises. (2) The varying degrees of innovation compensation from polluting enterprises to environmental protection enterprises have a significant impact on system evolution. (3) The initial intention and population size of two types of enterprise entities will have a significant impact on system evolution. In the initial state, subjects with more green innovation are less willing to change their strategies during the evolution process, while the willingness of the other party to green innovation will be suppressed.

RECONSTRUCTION OF EMPOWERMENT-BASED MARKETING PERFORMANCE RECOVERY FOR MICRO AND SMALL BUSINESSES IN INDONESIA

The Covid-19 pandemic has made most economic sectors, especially micro and small enterprises, stagnant and even bankrupt. This situation is what makes micro and small business enterprises change their sales strategy through digitalization schemes. The Covid-19 pandemic has indirectly prompted new changes in Indonesia's business style. Social media and marketplaces can become a new concept to make it easier for micro and small business actors to get more comprehensive marketing access. This study aims to initiate an ideal digital marketing adoption model for micro and small enterprise to restore economic conditions to their original state. The research method is an exploratory qualitative approach using primary data obtained from observations and interviews. The sampling technique used purposive sampling with the criteria of the sources being micro and small business actors assisted by the Department of Cooperatives and SMEs of Semarang, Surakarta, Grobogan, Pemalang, Purworejo. The flow of research analysis is data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and concluding. The results of this study indicate two alternative solution models, including training and startup development and training and scaleup development. The urgency of this research allows the government to carry out single submission online program management to minimize errors and monitor program progress. This solution model is expected to be a role model based on ta'awun (mutual relations) for other provincial governments in empowering micro and small business actors to become more optimal based on appropriate technology.