Model Of Production System Research Articles

Prioritize and choose the best process of anaerobic digestion to produce energy from biomass using analytic hierarchy process (AHP)

Using anaerobic digestion technology for the production of biogas micro and macro scales is considered as a promising approach, especially in development projects, management, and organization of organic waste generated in urban and rural areas. Conditions such as climate, culture, economy, and technology create different models of energy production systems from waste. Different devices in the world are built and operated. Choose the most suitable method for production of energy with the highest quantity and quality is the main concern of researchers and users. Analytical Hierarchy Process is a technique that is useful for decision-making on the basis of criteria considered in choosing the best system and using the views and experiences of experts in this field. In this study, three anaerobic digestion system to generate energy from biomass were compared couple based on the possibility of localized within the country, dependence on other energy sources, sensitive to the quality of input sources, allowing installation in various capacities, worldwide feedback, ease of set-up and installation and the complexity of the system. Dranco digestion system with relative value 0.471 and inconsistency rate 0.08 is an anaerobic digestion system that preferred experts to produce energy from biomasses in Iran.

A tailor-made crop growth model for the tomato production systems in Colombia

Potential crop models simulate the plant growth under nonlimiting biophysical conditions with no other factor than the climate to which the plants are exposed to. These models may fail to adequately represent the crop performance if they are not adapted to the local conditions. The particularities of Colombian tomato systems (greenhouse and open field) demand the recalibration of existing models to make a more realistic representation of those systems. Therefore, a locally calibrated crop model was proposed considering both production systems. To this purpose, four on-farm calibration experiments were carried out, two under greenhouse conditions with average temperatures of 17.4 and 17.9ºC in Santa Sofía (Boyacá) and two under open field conditions in Páramo and San Gil (Santander), with average temperatures of 20.6 and 24.0ºC, respectively. The crops were commercially managed according to the local practices. Plant data was collected through destructive measurements carried out on a fortnightly basis, while climate data were collected for the entire crop growth cycle. Independent calibration of the dry matter fractions allocated at the plant organs in function of thermal time resulted in an acceptable model performance. The calibration of the model under commercial conditions gave a better representation of the local systems but at the expense of accuracy since on-farm experiments cannot be controlled as those performed in research facilities.

Modelling and almost periodic processes in impulsive Lasota-Wazewska equations of fractional order with time-varying delays

In this paper we propose an impulsive Caputo fractional-order Lasota-Wazewska model with time-varying delays. Applying the new fractional Lyapunov method we give sufficient conditions for the existence of almost periodic solutions. The stability behavior of such solutions is also investigated. With this research we extend the theory of almost periodic solutions for impulsive Lasota-Wazewska models with delays to the fractional-order case. These models correspond basically to the survival of red blood cells: however, other applications are possible. Therefore, the applied technique can be used in the investigation of almost periodic processes in a wide range of possible models of cell production systems of diverse interest.

Optimization-aided material and energy flow analysis for a low carbon industry

Many industrial companies use material and energy flow analysis as a tool to improve the resource efficiency and in particular the climate impact of their production plants. As material flow models of industrial production systems are typically large and complex, optimal operating conditions or designs are hard to find without computational support. To overcome this shortcoming an integrated approach that combines material and energy flow analysis with mathematical optimization has recently been proposed. This paper presents a prototypic optimization tool for material flow based optimization via mathematical programming. A particularly interesting area of application arises from using the optimization tool already during the model building process. Such an optimization-aided material and energy flow analysis facilitates the systematic exploration of the decision-makers action space and thus supports the construction of valid optimization models. It furthermore helps to find adequate compromises, when there are conflicts between objectives like costs and greenhouse gas emissions. The optimization tool as well as these conceptual aspects are illustrated by applying it to a production plant from the technology metals sector.

Multi-job production systems: definition, problems, and product-mix performance portrait of serial lines

This paper pursues two goals: (a) Define a class of widely used in practice flexible manufacturing systems, referred to as Multi-Job Production (MJP) and formulate industrially motivated problems related to their performance. (b) Provide initial results concerning some of these problems pertaining to analysis of the throughput and bottlenecks of MJP serial lines as functions of the product-mix. In MJP systems, all job-types are processed by the same sequence of manufacturing operations, but with different processing time at some or all machines. To analyse MJP with unreliable machines, we introduce the work-based model of production systems, which is insensitive to whether single- or multi-job manufacturing takes place. Based on this model, we investigate the performance of MJP lines as a function of the product-mix. We show, in particular, that for the so-called conflicting jobs there exists a range of product-mixes, wherein the throughput of MJP is larger than that of any constituent job-type manufactured in a single-job regime. To characterise the global behaviour of MJP lines, we introduce the Product-Mix Performance Portrait, which represents the system properties for all product-mixes and which can be used for operations management. Finally, we report the results of an application at an automotive assembly plant.

A dynamic model for the energy management of microgrid-enabled production systems

In recent years, industrial facilities are devoting ever greater attention to the importance of energy in their operations. It directly supports the challenges of high availability, quality excellence, and compliance with ever more ambitious sustainability targets. Such objectives are often beyond the scope of local electric utilities, and so this work, instead, considers microgrid-enabled production systems. In such a case, the production enterprise is motivated to in-source its energy supply so as to tailor its management and delivery to the needs of its production system. The introduction of microgrids to a production system setting opens several new industrial energy management activities. Here, the microgrid's dynamic power balancing activities in the operations time scale are of greatest importance. The power supply, which may potentially be variable, must be matched to the industrial loads which are a byproduct of production activities. Therefore, this article seeks to develop a Dynamic Energy Management Model for Microgrid-Enabled Production Systems. The model is based on a hetero-functional graph theory rooted in the Axiomatic Design for Large Flexible Engineering Systems and timed Petri nets. The static stability of the microgrid is analyzed using power flow analysis. The resulting model is applied to an illustrative example in which a multi-resource production system is coupled to a microgrid with several types of power generation. The outcomes of the example show that the variable electricity demand imposed by production activities is ill accommodated by renewable energy sources alone. Consequently, the stability of the microgrid is maintained by a dispatchable generator. This holistic model, therefore, includes the impact of the production schedule on greenhouse gas emissions.

Інформаційна сфера: становлення та розвиток економічних досліджень видавничо-поліграфічної галузі України (до постановки питання)

The authors, using the example of a science studying the economy of the information sphere and its components, wanted to show how the fundamentalization of science that is purely applied at first glance occurs. This process is based on the growth of the specific weight of its theoretical components, the improvement of the conceptual apparatus, the construction of models for its development, the identification of the laws of its functioning and, as a consequence, the obtaining of new methodological knowledge. A necessary condition for this process is also the availability of the appropriate scientific schools. Analysis of the issues related to the activities of scientific schools should be conducted according to the scheme ‘theory—school—direction—current’, where each of the following components is wider than the previous one. However, researchers do not always clearly adhere to the necessary subordination in terminology: the notion of theories, schools, and directions is often confused and identified. In addition, there is not always an emphasis on the duration and continuity of research teams. In our case, the research is conducted for eighty years. The result of this activity (within the framework of the scientific direction ‘Economic Studies of the Publishing and Printing Industry of Ukraine’) was the emergence of four scientific schools of Professors A. M. Levin, R. M. Mashtalir, P. Iu. Bielienkyi, and Academician M. I. Dolishnyi. An integrated system approach to solving the problems of the publishing and printing industry, automated production management systems, modeling of production systems is far from a complete list of research areas that have important scientific and applied significance.

Cloud manufacturing system for sheet metal processing

Cloud computing is changing the way industries and enterprises run their businesses. Cloud manufacturing is emerging as an approach to transform the traditional manufacturing business model, while helping the manufacturer to align production efficiency with its business strategy, and creating intelligent factory networks that enable collaboration across the whole enterprise. Many production planning and control (PPC) problems are essentially optimisation problems, where the objective is to develop a plan that meets the demand at minimum cost or maximum profit. Because the underlying optimisation problem will vary in the different business and operation phases, it is important to think about optimisation in a dynamic mechanism and in a number of interlinked sub-problems at the same time. Cloud manufacturing has the potential to offer decision support as a service and medium of communication in PPC. To solve these problems and produce collaboration across the supply chain, this paper provides an overview of the state of the art in cloud manufacturing and presents a model of cloud-based production planning and production system for sheet metal processing.

Modeling of Bernoulli production line with the rework loop for transient and steady-state analysis

Production system modeling (PSM) aims to reveal the fundamental principles of production procedures. Most of the research efforts for PSM focus on serial production lines, which is the most fundamental structure in a production system. However, modeling regarding more complex production systems is less developed. Decomposition methods are commonly used to study complex production lines; however, these approaches are only capable of handling steady-state situations. Current closed-form transient modeling cannot be directly applied to production systems with rework loops. In this paper, an analytical method for modeling a production system with a rework loop is presented. Furthermore, a novel ‘Self-View’ method is proposed for obtaining both transient and steady-state results. This research extends the PSM transient analysis to more complex production lines and overcomes restrictions of machine reliability and buffer capacity in the rework loop. The transient performance measures, i.e., the number of iterations and the settling time, are investigated. Moreover, sensitivity studies of starvation, blockage, production rate, and work-in-process on rework rate are conducted. As a result, the proposed ‘Self-View’ method in this research shows promising potential for modeling other complex production systems.

Submersible Pump Control Modeling and Simulation

With the research object of the submersible pump and the production environment of the steam-assisted gravity drainage (SAGD) technology, this paper based on the nonlinear mathematical model of the oil production system of the submersible pump starts from the frequency converting control of the rotating speed of the submersible pump and designs a PI controller of the submersible pump in order to achieve efficient, stable, energy-saving and faultless operation of the submersible pump system in the process of the actual oil production and in view of the flash steam problems in the process of oil production. The result shows that, the design of the controller meets the design standard, and the system effectively avoids the flash steam phenomenon in the process of oil production, and efficiently and stably carries out oil production.

INTEGRATED MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS IMPROVEMENT FOR PRODUCTION ENTERPRISES SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AND ACHIEVING A SUSTAINABLE SUCCESS

Situation analysis is made before the current study. Staging is described and target of the research problem is determined. Common structure and principles for designing and implementing integrated management systems (IMS) are given. Information base of integrated systems for sustainable development (SD) and environmental protection (EP) in manufacturing plants is briefly described. Two main groups of IMS elements are differentiated - basic and upgrading. Models of IMS are graphically represented. Modeling of production systems for achieving sustainable success (SS) by applying the principles of sustainable development (SD) is presented. Information flows for appro-placement and logistics processes are formed. Indexes and indicators for evaluation of activities for achieving sustainable success are defined. Scientific applied results are synthesized. Findings and conclusions are made.

Fast Offshore Wells Model (FOWM): A practical dynamic model for multiphase oil production systems in deepwater and ultra-deepwater scenarios

Abstract This work describes a simplified dynamic model for control and real time applications in offshore deepwater and ultra-deepwater petroleum production systems. Literature about simplified dynamical models, capable of cover the global architecture of an offshore multiphase production system, is scarce. Hence, the proposed model integrates and adapts partial models available in the literature in order to generate a single model of the whole system. The model, designed to represent slugs generated by the casing heading and terrain/riser concomitantly, was evaluated by comparison with a traditional commercial simulator and was also implemented in two actual production systems. As a result, the model showed the capability of capturing complex dynamical behaviors, such as limit cycles, demonstrated to be numerically more stable than similar models in literature, fast enough to be used in real time applications and proved to be adherent to the commercial simulator and actual operating data from Petrobras production systems.

Analysis of the Efficiency of Port Container Terminals with the Use of the Data Envelopment Analysis Method of Relative Productivity Evaluation

Abstract The article presents a method for evaluating the efficiency of port container terminals. The research was conducted for nine European terminals which use different handling technologies. The terminals have been divided due to the level of automation of transport processes. In the efficiency research DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis) method is applied, that was previously used in studies of the relative productivity in the industry. This method allows you to multicriteria process analysis based on the properly selected production system model processing input parameters on output. Conclusions from analysis can be a ground for making a decision on organizational or investment issues.

О возможности систематического исследования систем управления производством

Degree of similarity between systems, subsystems and tasks of MIS for different industries (the companies, departments, shops) is minimum that generates big expenses in designing of the software. The methodology of designing of MIS hides significant reserves for essential reduction in cost of these works. The purpose of this work is in offering the generalized (unified) scheme of tasks or subsystems of MIS that will allow to reduce costs for their designing. The conceptual model of the production management system is offered as such scheme. Basic managerial system with a cluster of models of the simplest production systems, managerial system tree, planning feature, function of cost accounting and the idea of polyfunctionality of production information is attributes of the conceptual model. The method of representation of multi-level a production management system as superposition of two-level managerial systems is offered. Two ideas – cluster of models of the elementary production systems and superposition of managerial systems – create prerequisites for classification and typification of the production management systems. The organizational mechanism and the mechanism of aggregating of production information are objects of a first-priority research among attributes of model of the elementary production systems. Classification and typification of the production management systems are a necessary condition for creation universal (or quasiuniversal) the conceptual model of the production management system. The conceptual model of the production management system is considered as a basis for MIS designing. Problems in programming 2017; 2: 48-60

Assessment of pH of Fermented Camel and Buffalo Milk by Using Lactobacillus Fermentum and Lactobacillus Helveticus as Starter Culture at Different Time Interval

The aim of this study was to assess the periodical evaluation of pH of fermented camel and buffalo milk collected at weekly interval for period of 2 months from camel dairy maintained at ICAR - NRC on Camel, Bikaner(Rajasthan),India and buffaloes maintained under the project “Establishment of live demonstration models of diversified livestock production systems for motivating adaption to enhancing agricultural income (RKVY - 15)” CVAS, RAJUVAS, Bikaner(Rajasthan),India respectively .The samples were inoculated with Lactobacillus fermentum NC DC 214 ( L. fermentum ) and Lactobacillus helveticus NCDC 288 ( L. helveticus ) cultures @ 1% in both pasteurized camel and buffalo milk and after proper mixing the samples were drawn at 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 hours and were subj ected to analyse, for change in pH. The results of present study revealed a highly significant (P<0.01) decrease in the pH value of camel milk samples and buffalo milk samples with advancement of fermentation hours as well as with treated bacteria that is L. fermentum and L. helveticus .

需要適応生産システムのモデリング

在庫削減はコスト削減になるが機会損失リスクがあり、過剰在庫は機会損失リスクを減らすがコスト高となりどちらも経営悪化となる。又タクトタイムが短い(小口多頻度)と在庫削減になるが生産コスト高となり、タクトタイムが長い(ロット生産)と生産コストは低下するが在庫が増える。需要に対して過剰能力は固定費(時間比例コスト)で経営悪化になり、固定費削減(リストラ)は能力低下になり機会損失になる。このように、生産システム最適化において在庫、タクトタイム、能力をどうするか、売上増大、コスト削減、在庫削減を評価指標(KPI)とするが、それぞれトレードオフ(相互矛盾)があり改善策が裏目にでる可能性がある。そこで、本研究では工場、又は類似製品カテゴリー毎に状態変数、期間利益データから収益性・在庫分析して加重平均のパラメーターを推定(診断)し、推定パラメーターを使って過去の変動需要データで幾つかのケースをシミュレーションして最適政策を求め、変動需要に対応してパラメーター再計算する適用制御系の生産システムのシミュレーションモデルで需要特性に応じた最適生産の条件を探索する。

A Process-Based Model for Cattle Manure Compost Windrows: Part 1. Model Description

Abstract. Composting is an alternative management practice for handling and storing manure in intensive cattle production systems. With composting, cattle manure is converted into a soil amendment with improved nutrient and physical properties and is easier to handle. Despite its benefits, composting can produce large amounts of gaseous carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) emissions that include carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), and ammonia (NH3). A process-based model for cattle manure compost windrows was developed and incorporated into the Integrated Farm System Model (IFSM, v. 4.3), a whole-farm simulation model of crop, dairy, and beef production systems. Designed to simulate the different processes that influence C and N balances in windrows, the compost windrow model predicts changes in C (organic C, microbial C) and N (organic N, microbial N, ammonium (NH4+-N), nitrate (NO3--N)) contents in the windrow; CO2, CH4, N2O, and NH3 emissions throughout composting; and corresponding C and N losses. To increase its accuracy in simulating the different processes occurring during composting, the compost windrow model was also designed to predict environmental conditions within windrows, which include moisture content, temperature, and oxygen availability, and changes in windrow material physical properties, such as bulk and particle densities. Modeling routines and relationships of the compost windrow model are described. Evaluation of its performance in predicting windrow environmental conditions, physical and chemical properties, and gaseous emissions is documented in an accompanying article. Keywords: Cattle manure, Composting, Emissions, IFSM, Process-based modeling..

Development of a Generic Model for End-of-Life Scenarios of Production Systems

This paper examines different End-of-Life scenarios for production systems and elicits, by conducting a literature survey, which main information is relevant for them. Based on that, a generic model is developed which can be used to extract the End-of-Life relevant information from a digital production system model. This provides a basis for enabling the End-of-Life phase being supported by future software tools. Those could support the decision-making process with respect to lower the ecological impact by retaining the inherent value of the production system as good as possible at the end of life. As a first step for an application, the generic model is mapped to the data model of AutomationML.

造船 CPSでのモニタリングとシミュレーションを連携する生産システムモデルの研究

造船業における生産性向上に向けて,先行研究によってカメラやウェアラブルデバイスを用いた作業実績の取得,シミュレーションによる計画策定が可能となった。しかしながら,その実績情報とシミュレーションを連携した活用は未だ十分でなく,建造プロセスの進捗に応じた計画の最適化はできていない.本研究では,モニタリングとシミュレーションに共通の生産システムモデルを作成し,作業実績から建造プロセスの遅れを検知して,適切なタイミングでリスケジューリングを行うためのシステムを構築したそれによって,作業資源を効果的に融通して建造プロセスを効率的に進行できることを示した.

Integrated Simulation Modeling of Business, Maintenance and Production Systems for Concurrent Improvement of Lead Time, Cost and Production Rate

Integrated Simulation Modeling of Business, Maintenance and Production Systems for Concurrent Improvement of Lead Time, Cost and Production Rate