Column Model Research Articles

A framework for validating efficiency models of thermal separation columns with tray internals

Abstract Tray columns are globally used for distillation processes, and their performance must be optimized to reduce their cost and energy expenditures as well as carbon emissions. A prerequisite to achieve these targets demands a realistic account of the tray performance based on tray efficiency model application. The proof of concept of a Refined Residence Time Distribution (RRTD) model, recently proposed by the authors, is presented. The multifaceted challenges in acquiring hydrodynamic and performance data suitable for model validation are discussed in this work. In that regard, an unprecedented experimental campaign was performed in a representative large-scale air-water tray column simulator based on the application of multiplex flow profiler, new chemical system, and novel data processing schemes. Using these data and additional case studies, the capabilities of the RRTD model were demonstrated. This model successfully accounted for the impacts of varying local liquid flow characteristics and vapor flow maldistributions on the tray efficiency thereby advancing the state of the art of the tray efficiency models. This work particularly aimed at proposing a constructive framework to evaluate tray efficiency models in the future campaigns, and those campaigns will benefit from the learnings of the present work.

Numerical investigation of nonlinear interaction between salinity- and sediment-induced stratification in highly turbid estuaries and coastal seas

ABSTRACT In highly turbid estuaries and coastal seas where freshwater rivers meet the salty ocean, both salinity-induced stratification (SaIS) and sediment-induced stratification (SeIS) are crucial in shaping total estuarine stratification. This study investigates the nonlinearity emerging from the interaction between SaIS and SeIS using a one-dimensional water column model over an erodible bed, driven by a longitudinal salinity gradient and oscillating tidal currents. The results reveal that total stratification deviates significantly from a simple addition of SaIS under clearwater conditions and SeIS under freshwater conditions, indicating a highly nonlinear interaction. The complex spatial and temporal patterns of the nonlinearity arise from the differing source-sink dynamics of salt and sediment. SaIS reduces SeIS during flood but intensifies it during ebb, whereas SeIS consistently strengthens SaIS. This nonlinearity, which exhibits notable flood-ebb asymmetry, is relatively insensitive to changes in tidal forcing compared to salinity gradient forcing, due to the conflicting effects of tidal currents on salinity straining, sediment diffusion, and turbulent mixing. These findings highlight the necessity of incorporating sediment's modulation of classical strain-induced periodic stratification due to salinity gradients in numerical models to improve predictions of buoyancy and stability in highly turbid estuarine and coastal systems.

Influence of damage degree of recycled coarse aggregate concrete-filled steel tube columns strengthened with envelope steel jacket under seismic load

ABSTRACT In order to discuss the influence of damage degree of recycled coarse aggregate concrete-filled steel tube columns strengthened with envelope steel jacket (ESJ) under seismic load, eight columns were designed and manufactured to simulate seismic loading, with the design of ESJ strengthening after pre-damage and destruct tests under seismic load. This experiment was conducive to accurately evaluating the influence mechanism and synergistic effect of seismic damage degree and recycled coarse aggregate on the hysteresis curve, skeleton curve, ductility performance, energy dissipation performance, and bearing capacity performance of each specimens, and a suitable seismic damage model was proposed. The ductility coefficient is from 3.36 and 4.64, satisfying the requirements of seismic design. The research results indicate that the degree of seismic damage and recycled coarse aggregate are unfavorable to improve the seismic performance of recycled coarse aggregate concrete-filled steel tube columns strengthened with ESJ under seismic load; Taking the ductility coefficient of specimen SEJS-0 as the basic data, specimens SEJS-1 to SEJS-3 and FC-0 to FC-3 increased by 22.02%, 20.24%, 8.33%, 18.15%, 38.10%, 35.71%, and 23.51%, respectively. Under moderate and severe damage, the ductility performance of enveloped steel jacket-strengthened seismic-damaged specimens decreased by 15.47% and 15.18%, respectively, and the reduction amplitude of both was similar. As the degree of seismic damage increases, the value of the ultimate bearing capacity first decreases and then increases. The method of using recycled coarse aggregate to replace half of natural coarse aggregate has certain feasibility in the field of concrete-filled steel tube columns. Recycled coarse aggregate has a significant impact on the bearing capacity of each stage, while the degree of seismic damage only has a greater impact on the ultimate stage. The established seismic damage model for recycled coarse aggregate concrete-filled steel tube columns strengthened with ESJ under seismic load is feasible and can be used for quantitative evaluation of the seismic capacity of such components.

Effect of soil profile-related parameters on seismic performance of ductile reinforced concrete building frames in California

Strong ground motions with specific site characteristics can lead to structural damage. Comprehending the effects of site characteristics on the dynamic response of structures is crucial for evaluating seismic performance and thereby implementing design that can mitigate potential damage. This study explores how the site characteristics, including the average shear wave velocity, soil depth to rock, and site period, influence the seismic response of reinforced concrete buildings. Soil column models were created using 319 soil profiles located in California and were employed to perform the nonlinear site response analysis of 80 rock motions to generate surface motions. Subsequently, low-to high-rise reinforced concrete moment-resisting frames with four, eight, twelve, and twenty stories that are representative of California were modeled to conduct nonlinear structural analyses. In this process, the influence of the three site characteristics on the response of the surface motions and structures was investigated. This investigation revealed that structural responses tend to increase when the average shear wave velocity ranges from 180 to 360 m/s or when the depth exceeds 135 m. Additionally, structures with a natural period exceeding 1 s were found to be more vulnerable as the number of stories increased. The outcomes will promote the development of seismic design methods based on different site characteristics.

Axial and eccentric compressive behavior of partially encased channel–concrete composite columns with bolted connections in modular buildings

This paper introduces a novel partially encased channel–concrete composite (PECC) column for modular buildings, aiming to eliminate the need for cast-in-place concrete and facilitate rapid assembly. The PECC column consists of two prefabricated modules connected by high-strength bolts. To evaluate the column's viability, six slender specimens—one bare steel column and five composite columns—were tested under axial and eccentric compression. Variables considered included the presence of concrete, the type of transverse connections, bolt spacing, and load eccentricity ratio. The compression performance of the PECC columns was analyzed by examining their failure patterns, load–deformation responses, initial stiffness, compressive capacity, and ductility. Test results revealed that the PECC columns failed due to global buckling, concrete spalling, and crushing. The bolted connections effectively prevented module separation, enabling the PECC columns to exhibit favorable compressive behavior. The reinforced concrete encased in the channel delayed the column's buckling failure, increasing its initial stiffness and compressive capacity by 98% and 198%, respectively. Using perforated steel plates instead of transverse links between the concrete and the channel enhanced the column's initial stiffness by 20% but had little effect on its compressive capacity. Reducing the bolt spacing improved the column's initial stiffness and compression resistance by 50% and 5%, respectively. Additionally, a finite element model for the PECC columns was developed and validated against test results. Finally, simplified formulas derived from Eurocode 4 were proposed to estimate the resistance of PECC columns under axial and eccentric compression.

Mechanical performance and strength prediction model of demountable RC columns with a novel bolts-flange connection

Mechanical performance and strength prediction model of demountable RC columns with a novel bolts-flange connection

Numerical analysis, resistance, and behaviour of concrete-filled double-skin corrugated steel tubular short columns

Currently, research and engineering communities have a substantial increase in interest in the design and behaviour of novel arrangements for double-skin composite columns. This includes the concrete-filled double-skin corrugated steel tubular (CFDSCST) columns. Accordingly, this paper investigates the resistance and behaviour of CFDSCST short columns under axial compression. Finite element (FE) models for CFDSCST short columns were generated and validated using available experimental tests. Then, a parametric study was generated to suggest a new lateral confining pressure for the sandwiched concrete. This is followed by exploring these columns' axial resistance and behaviour, considering different influencing factors, such as the depth-to-thickness ratio, concrete cylindrical compressive strength, hollow ratio and steel strength. Two main column configurations were considered: outer corrugated steel tubes (OCs) and inner corrugated steel tubes (ICs). The FE-predicted resistances were then compared with the codified resistances of the British, European, and Chinese. Generally, these methods produced conservative predictions for both OC and IC columns. Hence, based on the so-called confinement-based design, a new resistance was provided for the CFDSCST short columns based on the proposed power-law formulae for the lateral confining pressure caused by the tubes with corrugations. It was found that IC columns provide more confinement and a lower ductility index compared to OC columns. Concerning the behaviour, it was found that increasing tube thickness and concrete strength leads to increased column resistance, while increasing the concrete strength produces a column of reduced ductility. Additionally, increasing the hollow ratio, which reduces the sandwich concrete cross-sectional area, leads to a decreased column resistance, while increasing the steel strength, while maintaining the sandwich concrete cross-sectional area, increases the column resistance.

Removal of Sulfadimethoxine in Aqueous Solution by Adsorption on Mesoporous Carbon/Titania Composites: Batch Scale, Fixed-Bed Column, and Bayesian Modeling

Removal of Sulfadimethoxine in Aqueous Solution by Adsorption on Mesoporous Carbon/Titania Composites: Batch Scale, Fixed-Bed Column, and Bayesian Modeling

Probabilistic modelling of steel column response to far-field detonations

Due to the deficiency of current design guidelines for blast loadings on steel structures, this research develops probabilistic models for steel wide-flange columns under axial and far-field blast loading on both their weak and strong axes. A total of 160 finite element (FE) simulations were conducted using ANSYS LS-DYNA, with columns subjected to different Axial Load Ratios (ALRs) and blast impulses. Validation against two experimental tests showed a strong correlation in displacement plots, with a material model accounting for strain rate effects. Probabilistic models for predicting maximum displacement and residual axial capacity were formulated using Bayesian inference and posterior statistics. These models were developed by incorporating dimensionless physics-based explanatory functions. The slenderness ratio of the column was identified as the most influential. The models account for uncertainties such as material and geometric properties, as well as strain rate effects. Graphical plots between the ALR and Damage Index (DI) were examined to assess the column's damage level. Furthermore, the probability of failure (fragility) of four columns for similar blast impulse was assessed w.r.t DI. These models along with ALR vs DI plots will be useful tools to know the level of building occupancy and retrofitting options.

An Assessment of the Bearing Capacity of High-Strength-Concrete-Filled Steel Tubular Columns Through Finite Element Analysis

This work aimed to evaluate the accuracy of analytical models for predicting the behavior of concrete-filled steel tubular (CFST) columns via finite element analysis coupled with physical nonlinearity. The methodology involved an extensive review of experimental tests from the literature, numerical modeling of columns with different configurations, and a comparison of the results obtained with available experimental data. Several characteristics were evaluated, such as the load capacity, confinement factor, and relative slenderness. The numerical model agreed well with the experimental results, with a less than 10% relative error. The results indicated that analytical models of the Chinese (GB 50936) and European (EC4) codes overestimated some load capacity values (up to 14.9% and 8.7%, respectively). In comparison, the American (AISC 360) and Brazilian (NBR 8800) standards underestimated the ultimate loads (23.3% and 31.6%, respectively). An approach coefficient β is proposed, contributing to safer and more efficient design practices in structural engineering.

Numerical analysis of axially loaded concrete-filled steel tubular columns strengthened with CFRP grid-reinforced ECC

Carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) and engineered cementitious composites (ECC) are commonly used to reinforce structural elements, with proven effectiveness in enhancing the performance of concrete-filled steel tube (CFST) columns as shown in prior experimental studies. However, the complex interaction among the components of the reinforced columns, including CFRP, ECC, the steel tube, and the concrete core, as well as the underlying mechanical mechanisms, remain insufficiently understood. This research aims to fill these gaps by developing a 3D finite element (FE) model of circular CFST short columns reinforced with CFRP grid-reinforced ECC for comprehensive numerical analysis. Sensitivity analyses are conducted to determine the governing parameters in the numerical simulation, including mesh size and critical plasticity parameters for the concrete damage model, such as the ratio of the second stress invariant on the tensile meridian to that on the compressive meridian (Kc), and the dilation angle (ψ) for both the concrete core and ECC. The model also accounts for the effects of concrete confinement provided by the CFRP grid-reinforced ECC layer and the circular steel tube. The accuracy of the FE model is validated against existing experimental data, and the model is subsequently used to investigate the behavior of reinforced CFST columns under varying geometric and material properties. The study examines failure modes, axial load-displacement responses, stress distributions, and the contribution of each material component to the load-bearing capacity of the strengthened columns. The results indicate an increase in ultimate axial strength ranging from 13% to 20% for the reinforced CFST columns. While the compressive strength of the ECC has a moderate effect on axial resistance, increasing ECC thickness, concrete strength, and steel tube yield strength significantly enhances the columns’ load-bearing capacity. Finally, a novel design model is proposed and validated, which accounts for the confinement effects provided by the CFRP grid and ECC on the concrete core.

Detectability of biosignatures in warm, water-rich atmospheres

Warm rocky exoplanets within the habitable zone of Sun-like stars are favoured targets for current and future missions. Theory indicates these planets could be wet at formation and remain habitable long enough for life to develop. However, it is unclear to what extent an early ocean on such worlds could influence the response of potential biosignatures. In this work we test the climate-chemistry response, maintenance, and detectability of biosignatures in warm, water-rich atmospheres with Earth biomass fluxes within the framework of the planned LIFE mission. We used the coupled climate-chemistry column model 1D-TERRA to simulate the composition of planetary atmospheres at different distances from the Sun, assuming Earth's planetary parameters and evolution. We increased the incoming instellation by up to 50 percent in steps of 10 percent, corresponding to orbits of 1.00 to 0.82 AU. Simulations were performed with and without modern Earth’s biomass fluxes at the surface. Theoretical emission spectra of all simulations were produced using the GARLIC radiative transfer model. LIFEsim was then used to add noise to and simulate observations of these spectra to assess how biotic and abiotic atmospheres of Earth-like planets can be distinguished. Increasing instellation leads to surface water vapour pressures rising from 0.01 bar (1.31<!PCT!>, S = 1.0) to 0.61 bar (34.72<!PCT!>, S = 1.5). In the biotic scenarios, the ozone layer survives because hydrogen oxide reactions with nitrogen oxides prevent the net ozone chemical sink from increasing. Methane is strongly reduced for instellations that are 20<!PCT!> higher than that of the Earth due to the increased hydrogen oxide abundances and UV fluxes. Synthetic observations with LIFEsim, assuming a 2.0 m aperture and resolving power of a R = 50, show that ozone signatures at 9.6 mu m reliably point to Earth-like biosphere surface fluxes of O$_2$ only for systems within 10 parsecs. The differences in atmospheric temperature structures due to differing H$_2$O profiles also enable observations at 15.0 mu m to reliably identify planets with a CH$_4$ surface flux equal to that of Earth's biosphere. Increasing the aperture to 3.5 m and increasing instrument throughput to 15<!PCT!> increases this range to 22.5 pc.

A Restoring Force Correction Model for Enveloped Steel Jacket-Confined Seismic-Damaged Rectangular Recycled Aggregate Concrete-Filled Steel Tubular Columns

In order to establish a suitable restoring force correction model for enveloped steel jacket (ESJ)-confined seismic-damaged rectangular recycled aggregate concrete-filled steel tubular (RRACFST) columns, based on experimental research, a study of the seismic performance and parameters of ESJ-confined seismic-damaged RRACFST columns was carried out. The restoring force theory, model test, and OpenSees simulation of ESJ-confined seismic-damaged RRACFST columns were conducted. Firstly, a trilinear model of the skeleton curve and a suitable restoring force model for ESJ-confined seismic-damaged RRACFST columns were established. The results were compared with the model test results, and it was found that the two results had good consistency. Secondly, the initial damage of the RRACFST column was simulated by the reducing material properties method, and a correct numerical model for ESJ-confined seismic-damaged RRACFST columns was proposed. The influence mechanism of seismic parameters of the RRACFST column was clarified. Finally, the seismic parameter combination with the best seismic performance for ESJ-confined seismic-damaged RRACFST columns was established; namely, the replacement rate of recycled coarse aggregate is 50%, the concrete strength is C40, the axial compression ratio is 0.3, the strength of the rectangular steel tube is Q345, the wall thickness of the steel tube is 4 mm, and the slenderness ratio is 7.5.

Zeolite intervention in soil nitrate dynamics: insights from column experiments and modelling

ABSTRACT This study aims to address the harmful effects of excessive nitrogen fertilizer by investigating the mobility retardance effect of zeolite on nitrate movement in loam soil columns. Disturbed and undisturbed soil columns, treated with zeolite, as well as control soil columns, were analysed over a span of three years. Breakthrough curves generated from the experiments were evaluated using the HYDRUS1D code with mobile–immobile water (MIM) and dual-permeability (DP) models. Our findings highlight that zeolite application significantly reduced nitrate mobility, with recovery rates decreasing by 8% in disturbed and 11% in undisturbed columns. The DP model, which accurately reflects real soil water flow conditions, outperformed the MIM model in predictive accuracy. This research offers a novel long-term perspective on the benefits of zeolite in enhancing soil properties and mitigating nitrate leaching, recommending the DP model for superior prediction of contaminant transport in structured soils within the vadose zone.

Nelinearni odziv modela AB stupova uslijed stvarnih potresa i osnih opterećenja

This paper reports on original findings from advanced HYLSER-1 seismic tests conducted on steel-reinforced concrete column models subjected to simulated low and high axial loads. The study includes a comparative analysis of steel-reinforced concrete (SRC) column models and composite-reinforced concrete (CRC) column models, using refined nonlinear analytical micro-models. The results demonstrate that earthquake intensity, axial load level, and concrete confinement are the primary factors influencing the complex hysteretic responses and failure of column models reinforced with either conventional steel bars or novel glass fibre-reinforced polymer (GFRP) bars. These findings are crucial for enhancing the seismic design of alternatively reinforced columns subjected to severe earthquakes.

PERBANDINGAN KINERJA STRUKTUR KOLOM BULAT DAN KOLOM PERSEGI BETON BERTULANG TERHADAP BEBAN GEMPA DENGAN ANALISIS PUSHOVER

Column is a vertical structural element that functions to absorb axial loads and transfer them to the foundation. The structure of this column consists of reinforcement and concrete which is a combination of tensile and compression resistant materials. The column carries a combination of axial loads and ultimate moments simultaneously. The column must have strength where the strength of the column must exceed the working load. The purpose of this study was to obtain differences in the performance of reinforced concrete building structures using circular and square columns due to earthquake loads. The research method used is a quantitative method with the help of SAP2000 software with nonlinear Pushover analysis. There are two models in this study, namely Model M1 is a square column model and model M2 is a circular column model. The results of the analysis show that the behavior of the structure for lateral deformation in the X direction of the square column is stiffer than the round column, while the lateral deformation in the Y direction of the circular column is stiffer than the square column. This is influenced by the inertia of the cross-section and the number of columns in each direction is different. The forces in the square column are 1% greater, the shear force is 62% smaller and the axial force is 24% greater than the circular column. The square column model with IO performance level has the ability to accept lateral loads and deformations on a larger capacity curve compared to circular columns for X and Y direction earthquakes.

Experimental study on seismic performance of bridge pier with new HRB650E high-strength steel bar

To facilitate the application of high-strength steel in reinforced concrete bridge structures, this study explores the seismic performance of full-scale HRB650E high-strength reinforced concrete bridge piers. Initially, monotonic tensile tests were conducted on HRB400 and HRB650E steel rebars with the same slenderness ratio to analyze the differences in their mechanical properties. Subsequently, quasi-static cyclic tests were carried out on four square full-scale RC bridge piers to examine the influence of new high-strength rebars, stirrup ratios, and axial load ratios on the seismic performance. Based on the experimental results, a hysteresis model suitable for HRB650E reinforced concrete columns was developed. The findings indicate that the HRB650E steel bar exhibited lower uniform elongation and fracture elongation compared to HRB400 steel bar. The displacement at which HRB650E piers reached crack damage was 36 % higher than that of HRB400 piers, and they also showed lower residual displacements at all load levels. The maximum lateral load capacity and the ductility coefficient of HRB650E piers increased significantly compared to HRB400 piers. While the initial secant stiffness of both types was comparable, HRB650E piers exhibited a slower rate of stiffness degradation, resulting in higher secant stiffness at the ultimate state. They also demonstrated 35 % higher cumulative energy dissipation at the ultimate state. When the stirrup ratio of HRB650E piers was increased from 1.1 % to 1.7 %, there was a slight reduction in residual displacement, a small increase of the yield strength, and a minor improvement in the maximum lateral load capacity. Furthermore, a higher stirrup ratio was observed to improve energy dissipation levels at all loading stages. Increasing the axial load ratio of HRB650E piers from 0.1 to 0.2 allowed the piers to withstand greater deformations at the same repairable ultimate state, with significant increases in yield strength, maximum lateral load capacity, initial secant stiffness, and secant stiffness at the ultimate state, but a small increase in the cumulative energy dissipation. The hysteresis model for HRB650E RC columns, based on experimental data, exhibited good computational accuracy.

A Novel Landfill Liner Material for Solidified Lake Sediment Based on Industrial By-Product and Construction Waste: Engineering Behavior and Cr(VI) Breakdown Characteristics

Engineering sludge, industrial waste, and construction waste are marked by high production volumes, substantial accumulation, and significant pollution. The resource utilization of these solid wastes is low, and the co-disposal of multiple solid wastes remains unfeasible. This study aimed to develop an effective impermeable liner material for landfills, utilizing industrial slag (e.g., granulated blast furnace slag, desulfurized gypsum, fly ash) and construction waste to consolidate lake sediment. To assess the engineering performance of the liner material based on solidified lake sediment presented in landfill leachate, macro-engineering characteristic parameters (unconfined compressive strength, hydraulic conductivity) were measured using unconfined compression and flexible wall penetration tests. Simultaneously, the mineral composition, functional groups, and microscopic morphology of the solidified lake sediment were analyzed using microscopic techniques (X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy + energy dispersive spectroscopy). The corrosion mechanism of landfill leachate on the solidified sediment liner material was investigated. Additionally, the breakdown behavior of heavy metal Cr(VI) within the solidified sediment liner barrier was investigated via soil column model experiments. The dispersion coefficient was computed based on the migration data of Cr(VI). Simultaneously, the detection of Cr(VI) concentration in pore water indicated that the solidified sediment liner could effectively impede the breakdown process of Cr(VI). The dispersion coefficient of Cr(VI) in solidified sediments is 5.5 × 10−6 cm2/s–9.5 × 10−6 cm2/s, which is comparable to the dispersion coefficient of heavy metal ions in compacted clay. The unconfined compressive strength and hydraulic conductivity of the solidified sediment ranged from 4.90 to 5.93 MPa and 9.41 × 10−8 to 4.13 × 10−7 cm/s, respectively. This study proposes a novel approach for the co-disposal and resource utilization of various solid wastes, potentially providing an alternative to clay liner materials for landfills.

Numerical analysis of impact resistance mechanical properties of energy-absorbing columns under static and dynamic loads

To enhance the impact resistance of hydraulic columns, a theoretical analysis method was employed to develop a dynamic characteristic analysis model for conventional columns under impact loads. This model facilitated the derivation of key parameters such as equivalent stiffness, maximum retraction amount, and impact duration. A fluid-solid coupling model for the conventional column was constructed using finite element and coupled Eulerian-Lagrangian (CEL) methods. Subsequently, numerical simulation results were compared and analyzed against theoretical predictions. Based on this analysis, an energy-absorbing column was designed, and its fluid-solid coupling model was established to investigate its mechanical response under static and dynamic impact loads.The findings indicate that under a static load of 2000 kN, when superimposed with impact loads of 200 kJ, 400 kJ, and 800 kJ respectively, the peak impact forces on energy-absorbing columns are 89.20%, 91.72%, and 98.42% lower than those on normal columns. The yield displacements of energy-absorbing columns increase by 142.26%, 109.15%, and 108.41% compared to normal columns. Energy absorption in energy-absorbing columns is 152.11%, 171.80%, and 145.18% higher than in normal columns. Furthermore, initial velocities of energy-absorbing columns are consistently lower compared to normal columns. After reaching initial velocity, energy-absorbing columns exhibit reduced oscillations due to interactions between the energy absorber, column, and hydraulic fluid system under impact loads. Unlike normal columns, energy-absorbing columns mitigate stress concentration at the column head through interactions between the energy absorber, emulsion, and column. Additionally, the impact resistance time of energy-absorbing columns is 2.19, 1.64, and 1.85 times longer than that of normal columns.Energy-absorbing columns outperform conventional columns across six metrics: peak impact force, column yield displacement, energy absorption, column movement speed, stress distribution, and impact resistance time, demonstrating superior mechanical properties in impact resistance.

Multiscale simulation of liquid chromatography: Effective diffusion in macro–mesoporous beds and the B-term of the plate height equation

We performed multiscale simulations of analyte sorption and diffusion in hierarchical porosity models of monolithic silica columns for reversed-phase liquid chromatography to investigate how the mean mesopore size of the chromatographic bed and the analyte-specific interaction with the chromatographic interface influence the analyte diffusivity at various length scales. The reproduced experimental conditions comprised the retention of six analyte compounds of low to moderate solute polarity on a silica-based, endcapped, C18 stationary phase with water‒acetonitrile and water–methanol mobile phases whose elution strength was varied via the volumetric solvent ratio. Detailed information about the analyte-specific interfacial dynamics received from molecular dynamics simulations was incorporated through appropriate linker schemes into Brownian dynamics diffusion simulations in three hierarchical porosity models received from physical reconstructions of silica monoliths with a mean macropore size of 1.23 µm and mean mesopore sizes of 12.3, 21.3, or 25.7 nm. The mean mesopore size was found to have a similar influence on the effective mesopore diffusivity as the analyte polarity and the mobile-phase elution strength, which together determine the analyte residence time on a column. A smaller mesopore size attenuated the increase of the effective mesopore diffusivity with increasing mobile-phase elution strength significantly. The effective bed diffusivity was limited by the analyte residence time rather than by morphological details of the mesopore space. The stronger an analyte was retained by the chromatographic interface inside the mesopores, the slower became the mass transfer between the pore space hierarchies and the lower was the effective bed diffusivity. The B-terms of the plate height equation were finally generated with the bed diffusivities and phase-based retention factors derived from the hierarchical porosity models using additional information about the stationary-phase limit obtained from the analysis of analyte–bonded phase contacts. The B-terms highlight analyte- and mobile phase-specific behavior relevant to isocratic and gradient elution conditions in chromatographic practice. In particular, U-shaped B-term curves are observed due to the dominating contribution of the retention factor and the bed diffusivity to the B-term at low and high elution strength of the mobile phase, respectively.