Class Of Models Research Articles

Clustering and Machine Learning Models of Skeletal Class I and II Parameters of Arab Orthodontic Patients

Clustering and Machine Learning Models of Skeletal Class I and II Parameters of Arab Orthodontic Patients

Evaluation of prostheses retained zygomatic and dental implants in large defects in the maxilla due to tumors or major trauma by biomechanical 3- dimensional finite element analysis

BackgroundZygomatic implants are becoming an ideal treatment approach for implant-supported prosthesis treatment developed for the atrophic maxilla. This study aims to evaluate the amount and distribution of stress in implants and peri-implant bone using different implant-supported prosthesis configurations in Aramany Class I maxillary defects through 3-dimensional finite element analysis.MethodsA 3-dimensional finite element model of the Aramany class I defect was created. Three different implant-supported prostheses were modelled: model 1: 1 zygomatic implant and 3 dental implants, model 2: 1 zygomatic implant and 2 dental implants, and model 3: 2 zygomatic implants. Vertical and horizontal loads of 150 N were applied in 6 different ways to the defected and non-defective areas. Maximum principal stress and von mises stresses in the bone surrounding the implants were evaluated.ResultsWhen all loading conditions were evaluated with both porcelain layer on Co-Cr framework and acrylic layer on acrylic framework, the highest maximum principal stress value was observed in Model 3. In contrast, the lowest value was observed in Model 1. The highest maximum principal stress occurred when a horizontal load was applied simultaneously to both the defective and non-defective areas. In contrast, the lowest value was observed when a vertical load was applied to the non-defective area. The von Mises stress values were found to be similar across all models when both restoration materials were used.ConclusionsBased on the results of this study, it can be concluded that increasing the number of implants in the non-defective area reduces the highest stress value while using acrylic as a restoration material slightly increases the stress value.

The Influence of the Make A Match Type Cooperative Learning Model on the Collaboration Ability and Learning Outcomes of Class V Students of UPT SPF SDN Mangkura I Makassar City

The objectives of this research are as follows: (1) to explain the learning process for science subjects using the Make A Match type cooperative learning model for class V UPT SPF SDN Mangkura 1 students, (2) to show how to use the Make A Match type cooperative learning model in The science and science subject has an impact on the ability to work together in class V students of UPT SPF SDN Mangkura 1, and (3) shows how the use of the Make A Match type cooperative learning model in the science and science subject has an impact on this research. This research uses quantitative methods. The type of research used is experiments with original experimental designs and control-only experiments using experimental and control classes. In this research, the experimental sample was class V A students, and the control group was class V B students. Data collection techniques used observation, tests and documentation. Analysis of learning abilities, analysis of learning outcomes, and hypothesis testing are used to analyze the data that has been collected further (t test). The results of the research show that the make a match cooperative learning model can influence students' ability to learn to work together in class V science subjects at UPT SPF SDN Mangkura. This can be seen from students who are very involved in the problem solving and learning process. Learning outcomes in class V science subjects at UPT SPF SDN Mangkura can be influenced by the make a match cooperative learning model. This can be seen from the students' seriousness during the learning process by listening to the lesson material presented by the teacher, which helps students understand the material and improve their learning outcomes.

Application of C-PBL (Context and Problem Based Learning) on Temperature and Heat Materials to Transform Students' Mental Models

This research aims to determine students' conceptual understanding through the C-PBL (Context- and Problem-Based Learning) learning model. The method used was quasi-experimental with a posttest-only control group design. The population in this study were all class XI students in one of the high schools in Bandung. The sampling technique uses cluster random sampling. The samples used were class XI MIPA 1 as the control class and class XI MIPA 3 as the experimental class. Both classes were given a final test (posttest) after applying the C-PBL model in the experimental class and the discovery learning model in the control class. The research results showed that there were differences in students' conceptual understanding in the experimental class and the control class. Analysis of research results using hypothesis testing of the difference between the experimental and control classes averages using the t-test. The t-test was conducted using Microsoft Excel, and the sig results were obtained. (2– tailed) of 0.00. These results show that the C-PBL model significantly influences the mental physics model.

Improving Mathematical Problem-Solving Ability Through Models of Problem Based Learning

One of the aims of learning mathematics at school is to develop students' mathematical problem-solving abilities. This is in accordance with the objectives of mathematics learning in the independent curriculum set by the Curriculum and Educational Assessment Standards Agency. In the learning process using the Problem Based Learning model, students will be faced with various mathematical problems which are also related to daily life, so diligent and persistent efforts are needed from students to solve these various problems. This research is experimental research because the researcher applies a treatment to the research sample and then wants to know the effect of this treatment, namely in the form of increasing mathematical problem-solving abilities. The treatment given is learning using the Problem Based Learning model in the experimental class and conventional learning in the control class. The statistical test used to analyze data on increasing mathematical problem-solving abilities is the t* test. Based on the results of the t test, it was found that the sig value was 0.000 < 0.05 so that H0 was rejected, it could be concluded that the average mathematical problem-solving ability of students who receive learning through the problem based learning model is better than students who receive conventional learning.

PENGGUNAAN MODEL PROBLEM BASED LEARNING (PBL) DALAM PEMBELAJARAN TENTANG NILAI-NILAI PANCASILA UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR PESERTA DIDIK DI KELAS V SD NEGERI NUNUFAFI KABUPATEN TIMOR TENGAH UTARA

This study aims to improve learning outcomes in learning about Pancasila values ​​using the Problem Based Learning (PBL) model in Class V of Nunufafi Elementary School, TTU Regency. The type of research used is classroom action research with stages, namely planning, implementation, observation, testing and reflection by taking the research location at Nunufafi Elementary School, TTU Regency. he subjects of this study were 14 class V students consisting of 10 boys and 4 girls. Data collection was carried out using observation and test techniques, the data that had been collected was processed and analyzed further using qualitative descriptive analysis. Student learning outcomes increased from cycle I to cycle II, namely the learning outcomes of cycle I can be seen that out of 14 students who completed 5 people (35.71%) with sufficient criteria and increased in cycle II, namely 13 people (92.85%) with very good criteria. Based on the results of the research and discussion, it can be concluded that the use of the Problem Based Learning (PBL) model can improve student learning outcomes on the material on the richness of Pancasila values ​​in class I V of Nunufafi Elementary School, TTU Regency.

The Application of Flipped Learning Model to Cognitive Learning Outcomes and Laboratory Practical Skills

The world of education has developed very rapidly, so that new methods are needed to support the effectiveness of learning process in the classroom, such as ideas related to new educational models and unique ways to continue to communicate with students, inform, collaborate and assess the learning process so that learning becomes fun, without reducing the essence of education. The aim of the research was to determine the effect of implementing the flipped learning model on the cognitive learning outcomes and laboratory practical skills of nursing students at Sahid University, Surakarta. This research used a quasi-experimental design with a pre-post non-equivalent control group design, the research sample was taken using a purposive sampling technique. The sample in this research was student of class A as a class using the Flipped Classroom model and student of class B as a class using a conventional model with a total of 74 students. The results of this research showed that the Paired Sample T-Test test results were p < 0.05 which indicated that there was an influence from the application of the Flipped Classroom and conventional models on student cognitive learning outcomes and the average learning outcomes with the application of the Flipped Classroom were higher than those with the application of the conventional model. The conclusion of this research is that it is necessary to apply the flipped learning model because it can improve student learning outcomes in creative thinking.

Organizational and technical solutions for the construction of protected information and communication systems.

The paper presents the main approaches to the construction of the PKI public key architecture divided into basic, two-level, and multi-level hierarchies. Modern methods of attacks on existing public key infrastructures, protocols for building secure connections of both wired and wireless systems are considered. The basics of the class of attacks on PKI infrastructures are defined, of which the main attention is paid to the most dangerous class of attacks – man-in-the-middle (MITM-attacks). The paper provides models of various classes of MITM attacks, their details and existing methods of reducing the risks of their implementation. Existing examples of successful attacks on enterprises and various organizations that implemented MITM attack models at the application, network, and physical levels of the network interaction model are also given. For the PKI infrastructure, one of the options is its segmentation, which allows to reduce the scope of attacks on the key certification center. The paper also provides an alternative way to protect against MITM attacks using distributed micro ledger technology (DLT) to create a decentralized cryptographic key distribution system (DKMS). The solution is based on the use of micro ledgers (distributed ledger technology – DMLT). Using DMLT to create a DKMS allows protection against additional classes of MITM attacks.

Average distance in a general class of scale-free networks

Abstract In Chung–Lu random graphs, a classic model for real-world networks, each vertex is equipped with a weight drawn from a power-law distribution, and two vertices form an edge independently with probability proportional to the product of their weights. Chung–Lu graphs have average distance $O(\log\log n)$ and thus reproduce the small-world phenomenon, a key property of real-world networks. Modern, more realistic variants of this model also equip each vertex with a random position in a specific underlying geometry. The edge probability of two vertices then depends, say, inversely polynomially on their distance. In this paper we study a generic augmented version of Chung–Lu random graphs. We analyze a model where the edge probability of two vertices can depend arbitrarily on their positions, as long as the marginal probability of forming an edge (for two vertices with fixed weights, one fixed position, and one random position) is as in a Chung–Lu random graph. The resulting class contains Chung–Lu random graphs, hyperbolic random graphs, and geometric inhomogeneous random graphs as special cases. Our main result is that every random graph model in this general class has the same average distance as a Chung–Lu random graph, up to a factor of $1+o(1)$ . This shows in particular that specific choices, such as taking the underlying geometry to be Euclidean, do not significantly influence the average distance. The proof also shows that every random graph model in our class has a giant component and polylogarithmic diameter with high probability.

Survey on The Use of Project Based Learning Model in Teaching Speaking at SMPN 2 Ayamaru

Project Based Learning (PBL) has implemented as a teaching model in English class. This study aims to explore teacher’s and students’ perception on the use of PBL in speaking class. The study used descriptive qualitative research. It was carried out at SMPN 2 Ayamaru, and the sample of the study is an English teacher and three students. In collecting the data, the researchers used interview. There were six questions for teacher and five questions for students. The results show that both teacher and students had positive impression about the use of PBL in speaking class. The teacher used PBL because its characteristics were appropriate with speaking as tool of communication. PBL can help students in improving their speaking ability, besides PBL also promotes team and collaborative work among students. In doing a project, the students can give feedback toward language barriers when their mates did mistakes. The teacher also can provide feedback. Lastly, the students feel more confident in presenting the project because in PBL, the students did more practice in groups.

Interpreting graphs using large language models in a middle school physics class

Interpreting graphs using large language models in a middle school physics class

Optimizing Diabetic Neuropathy Severity Classification Using Electromyography Signals Through Synthetic Oversampling Techniques

Electromyography signals are electrical signals generated by muscle activity and are very useful for analyzing the health conditions of muscles and nerves. Data imbalance is a prevalent issue in EMG signal data, especially when addressing patients with varied health conditions and restricted data availability. A major difficulty for machine learning models is class imbalance in datasets, which frequently leads to biased predictions favoring the dominant class and neglecting the minority classes. The data augmentation method employs the Synthetic Minority Over Sampling Technique (SMOTE) and Random Over Sampling (ROS) to address data imbalances and enhance the performance of classification models for underrepresented classes. This study employs an oversampling technique to enhance the efficacy of the XG Boost model. SMOTE exhibits better efficacy relative to competing methods; the application of appropriate oversampling techniques allows models to integrate patterns from both majority and often neglected minority data.

THE EFFECT OF POE LEARNING MODEL (PREDICT, OBSERVE, EXPLAIN) ON STUDENTS’ SCIENCE PROCESS SKILLS

This study aims to determine: 1) the level of students’ science process skills (SPS) who taught using POE learning model in experimental class and conventional learning model in control class at SMPN 2 Sungguminasa, 2) the improvement of SPS after applying POE learning model in experimental class and conventional learning model in control class. 3) the effect of POE learning model on the SPS. This type of research is Quasi-Experimental with Nonequivalent Control Group Design. The results of analysis showed that: 1) the level of SPS of VIII grade students that taught using the POE learning model is in the high category with an average score of 16.80 and the control class is in the medium category with an average score of 13.53 2) The improvement of SPS of VIII grade students after applying the POE learning model is in the medium category with an average N-Gain score of 0.42. And in the control class is in the medium category with an average N-Gain score of 0.33 3) There is an effect of POE learning model on the KPS of VIII grade students of SMPN 2 Sungguminasa.

Puffy Venuses: The Mass–Radius Impact of Carbon-rich Atmospheres on Lava Worlds

The recent advancements in exoplanet observations enable the potential detection of exo-Venuses, rocky planets with carbon-rich atmospheres. How extended these atmospheres can be, given high carbon abundances, has not been studied. To answer this, we present a model for a theoretical class of exoplanets—puffy Venuses—characterized by thick, carbon-dominated atmospheres in equilibrium with global magma oceans (MOs). Our model accounts for carbon and hydrogen partition between the atmosphere and the MO, as well as the C–H–O equilibrium chemistry throughout a semi-gray, radiative-convective atmosphere. We find that radius inflation by puffy Venus atmospheres is significant on small and irradiated planets: carbon content of 1200 ppm (or that of ordinary chondrites) can generate an atmosphere of ∼0.16–0.3 R ⊕ for an Earth-mass planet with equilibrium temperatures of 1500–2000 K. We identify TOI-561 b as an especially promising puffy Venus candidate, whose underdensity could be attributed to a thick C-rich atmosphere. We also advocate for a puffy Venus interpretation of 55 Cancri e, where a recent JWST observation indicates the presence of a CO/CO2 atmosphere. Puffy Venuses may thus constitute a testable alternative interpretation for the interior structure of underdense low-mass exoplanets.

JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS' PERCEPTIONS OF PROBLEM BASED LEARNING MODEL IN SCIENCE LEARNING

Problem Based Learning (PBL) is a learning approach that is often used in education in recent years. The purpose of this article is to find out how junior high school students perceive PBL model in science class and the benefits of PBL model in science learning. To find data related to junior high school students' perceptions of problem-based learning models in science classes, the researcher conducted a systematic review of several relevant sources with a period from 2014 to 2023, following the principles of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). Based on the research results, it is known that the problem solving ability of students who learn using the PBL model is better than students who learn with conventional models. The results of this study prove PBL as an effective learning method for science compared to conventional teaching methods. PBL method is perceived to improve students' knowledge and communication skills. Based on several research results that have been conducted, it can be concluded that the PBL model has a positive impact on learning.

LITERATURE STUDY: STUDENTS' CURIOSITY ABOUT STEM-PBL LEARNING MODEL IN SCIENCE CLASSROOM

Problem Based Learning (PBL) is a form of problem-based learning that is given to students to apply knowledge to issues or problems as a form of problem solving. Its integration with the STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) approach can train students to apply their knowledge in making designs as a form of problem solving related to the environment using technology. The purpose of writing this article is to find out the improvement, response and impact of students' curiosity by using the STEM-PBL learning model in science class. The method used is content analysis, with the principles of Preferred Reporting Items For Systematic Reviews and Meta Analysis (PRISMA). Based on the results of this study, it shows that students' curiosity towards STEM PBL in science classes shows significant results overall because the application of hands-on activities as a learning strategy is able to form various skills and provide positive results and even increase.

TA’SIRU NAMUDAJ AT TA’LIM TA’AWUNI ROUND TABLE ALA NATAAIJ AT TA’ALUM FII MAADATI AL LUGHAH AL ARABIYYAH

Arabic is one of the compulsory subjects in Madrasah Aliyah Negeri 1 Magetan. However, learning Arabic at this school faces challenges, notably students’ limited grasp of the lessons. Furthermore, teachers continue to employ direct methods, resulting in monotonous Arabic language learning activities at these schools, ultimately leading to student disengagement and boredom. Based on the mentioned issues, this research aims to assess the impact of adopting the Round Table Learning model on the Arabic language learning achievements of the 10th-grade students at Madrasah Aliyah Negeri 1 Magetan. This quantitative study uses a true experimental design, specifically a control group design, where the experimental and control groups are randomly selected from the population. The study involves 40 participants, divided equally between the experimental group (20 students) and the control group (20 students), out of a total population of 238 students. Researchers utilized data collection methods, including observation, interviews, tests, and document analysis. The data were analyzed using the t-test (independent samples t-test) due to its normality and homogeneity. The findings from Arabic language learning using the Round Table learning model in class indicate that H0 is rejected and H is accepted; this shows the statistical results of the t-test based on SPSS 25, namely 0.001 < 0.05. Therefore, we conclude that Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted, so it is said that there is a difference between the learning outcomes of Arabic language subjects in the experimental class and the control class.

Semantics and Syntax of Old English Motion Verbs

This is a study in the syntax and semantics of Old English verbs of motion, including verbs of neutral motion, verbs of manner of motion and verbs of path of motion. Its aim is to identify the morphosyntactic alternations in which these verbs participate. The theoretical basis of the research draws on Goddard’s semantics of motion, Levin’s model of verb classes and alternations and Talmy’s typological distinction between satellite-framed languages and verb-framed languages. The grammatical patterns of the verbs under analysis are discussed, as described in The Dictionary of Old English (Healey), with special emphasis on the study of transitivity, case, prepositional government, and reflexivity. As far as meaning components are concerned, this work concentrates on the study of polysemy. The conclusions of this study refer to the consistency of the syntactic behaviour of the verbs under analysis and the main alternations found within the verbal classes.

Enhancing students’ pro-environmental behavior through project-based learning

The waste problem that continues to increase throughout the pandemic shows that humans are still carrying out activities that only benefit themselves without caring about nature. This destructive behavior can be changed through an educational process that increases pro-environmental behavior. The purpose of this study is to determine the effectiveness of the project-based learning model implementation of high school students on environmental change material to improve students’ pro-environmental behavior. The method used is quasi-experimental using the Discovery Learning model in the control class and the Project Based Learning model in the experimental class. This research was conducted at a senior high school in Jakarta. The research sample consisted of 60 students who were selected by random sampling with 30 students in each class. The pro-environment behavior instrument was adapted from Kasier and Wilson consisted of 40 statements. Data analysis used t-test and the results showed a significance value of 0.002. It can be concluded that using project-based learning model can improve the pro-environmental behavior of high school students. The N-Gain test was also carried out, and turns out the effectiveness of the learning model in both classes was low. This can be happened because teachers are still not used to the Project Based Learning model. In the future, it is still necessary to conduct research involving other factors that affect pro-environmental behavior in the application of learning in schools.

Peningkatan Hasil Belajar Peserta Didik Menggunakan Model Value Clarification Technique (VCT) pada Pembelajaran Pendidikan Pancasila di Kelas V SD Negeri 08 Campago Ipuh Kota Bukittinggi

The research was motivated by the low learning outcomes of students in learning Pancasila education. This study aims to describe the improvement of student learning outcomes in Pancasila education learning with the Matrix Type Value Clarification Technique model in Class V SDN 08 Campago Ipuh Bukittinggi City. This research is a Classroom Action Research that uses qualitative and quantitative approaches. Carried out in two cycles, namely cycle I carried out 2 meetings and cycle II carried out 1 meeting. Each cycle includes four stages, namely planning, implementation, observation, and reflection. The subjects of this study were teachers and students of class V SDN 08 Campago Ipuh with a total of 26 students. Data collection techniques in the form of observation, tests and non-tests. The results showed an increase in a) Teaching Module cycle I with an average of 85.5% (Good), and cycle II 93% (Very Good), b) implementation of learning in the teacher aspect of cycle I with an average of 81.2%, and cycle II 93.7% (Very Good) while the implementation of learning aspects of students cycle I with an average of 81.2% and cycle II 93.7%, c) student learning outcomes in cycle I with an average of 75 (Fair) and cycle II 88 (Good). Based on these results it can be concluded that with the Value Clarification Technique Matrix Type model the learning outcomes of students in learning Pancasila Education can increase.