Model Of Spatial Organization Research Articles

A GENERAL APPROACH TO THE STUDY OF SPATIAL SYSTEMS;I. The Relational Representation of Measurable Attributes

In this, the First part of a two part work, a general model of spatial organization is introduced. Following a brief synopsis of some of Spinoza's and Leibniz's views regarding natural structure, an extension of the Spinozian model is presented in which the attribute spatial extension is portrayed as a relational system that implicitly underlies the differentiation of sensible space into “modifications” (“natural systems”) and the latter's subdifferentiation into “modes” On the basis of this model, all instances of modal differentiation are understood to take place in a manner explained by this relational structure, the existence (but not the specific characteristics) of which is initially assumed. The nature of the structure is then deduced according to a “most-probable-state” kind of logic; next, it is demonstrated via simulation that the resulting aspatial model of internal relations has a corresponding spatial interpretation (and therefore, in theory, that sensible space structures can be supported by...

!Kung spatial organization: An ecological and historical perspective

The ecological and social bases of spatial organization among hunters and gatherers are examined. After criticizing the patrilocal band model of social organization, the author documents the flexible, nonterritorial groupings of the !Kung Bushmen of Botswana and relates them to rainfall and surface water scarcity and variability. The paper goes on to consider the effects of extra-Bushman contacts on the breakdown of sociospatial organization and finds that the observed flexibility occurred in both the pre- and the postcontact periods. The final section attempts to relate the analysis to general issues. Three areas that need further work if a more valid model of hunter spatial organization is to be developed are the problems of time perspective in research, adaptation to long-term climatic variability, and critical thresholds of population density.

THE GROWTH OF INDUSTRIAL CORE AREAS AND PATTERNS OF WORLD TRADE

ABSTRACT The German economist Andreas Predohl has proposed a model of worldwide spatial economic organization which relates the flow of trade to industrial location. Basically, Predohl's model distinguishes between industrial core areas, the focal centers of world commerce, and peripheral regions which supply the core areas with raw materials in return for a share of the core areas' output of manufactured goods. Considering the almost universal drive toward industrialization, the question arises whether Predohl's model can be useful in projecting the growth of new core areas and related changes in the direction of trade. Special interest attaches to the recognition of core areas in their early stages of development. The simple criterion of steel production, used by Predohl as the primary index of the stage of industrial development, is found wanting. Paths of industrial growth can be expected to differ with the advance of technology, consumer preferences, and the availability of local resources.

RESIDENTIAL STRUCTURE OF MIDWESTERN CITIES

ABSTRACT In studies of the spatial patterning of American urban land uses, the sector, ring, and neighborhood concepts persist because each describes the distinctive outcome of a separate spatial process. Sectors depend on the narrow urban images which housing consumers use when selecting a new residence. Housing producers create a concentric ring increment to the urban housing stock in each boom of the building cycle. Extended boom periods produce wide rings, short booms yield narrow rings, and border zones between rings reflect recession lulls in new construction. The intraurban transport technology that prevails during each building boom controls the areal density of new dwelling units and the shapes of new residential areas. A model urban residential pattern, generated to reflect construction cycles and transport eras, can be verified with census housing data and is consistent with sector, ring, and neighborhood concepts, and with distance-density decline models of urban spatial organization.

MODEL OF THE NORTH CAUCASIAN FEDERAL DISTRICT FOOD MARKETS SPATIAL ORGANIZATION

The most progressive and promising model of spatial organization of food markets of the North Caucasus Russian Theatre is a cluster model. In the proposed methodology of the process approach to develop a structural model of agro-food cluster in the NORTH is cluster analysis. The regional food market as a single system, which combines production, marketing and consumption of foods with a specific hierarchy, is characterized by different relationships and proportions between its components and is an important an indicator of a country's economic development, achieving food security. Disclosure of potential in a market system, its effective use, taking into account regional particularities and specificities of the economy, improvement of the spatial organization and improving the efficiency of such a complex system as the regional food market is impossible without knowledge of its essence, principles of formation and operation. In this connection there was a need to develop modern methods of research, evaluation, analysis, improvement of structure and functional organisation of the regional food markets as an important factor for the socio-economic development the country. The novelty of the research lies in the fact that the clustering of agribusiness implemented taking into account the peculiarities of regional AIC on the basis of strategic management zones: industrial, conventional and organic. To determine the effectiveness of the cluster algorithm of its evaluation, which is based on the criteria of usefulness and survival in the conditions of the cluster in the region, which are defined using evaluation scales and weights the main factors utility and survival in the cluster.