Models Of Scholarly Communication Research Articles

Towards Scholarly Communication 2.0: Peer-to-Peer Review & Ranking in Open Access Preprint Repositories

In this paper we present our unified peer-to-peer review model for Open Access preprint repositories. Its objective is to improve the efficiency and effectivity of digital scholarly communication. The key elements of this model are standardized quality assessment instruments, public and private communication channels, special rankings and novel incentives. The model allows scholars to proficiently evaluate both the manuscripts and their peer reviews. These scrutinized manuscripts and peer reviews will then be made available to the relevant parties. These standardized quality assessments allow for new quality metrics for papers and peer reviews. The Reviewer Impact, which represents the peer review proficiency and peer review output of scholars, is one such metric. The model includes diverse rankings for scholars to appear in to receive better odds of having their own manuscripts noticed, read, peer reviewed and cited. Their specific ranking is proportional to their Reviewer Impact and the overall quality of their manuscripts. The Open Access preprint repository model is a suitable foundation for our model because of its high degree of accessibility, but little to no certification of its deposited manuscripts. With this combination we envision a novel, Open Access, peer-to-peer scholarly communication model that functions independently of, but not incompatibly with, the traditional journal publishing model: Scholarly Communication 2.0.

Communicating chemistry

New web-based models of scholarly communication have made a significant impact in some scientific disciplines, but chemistry is not one of them. What has prevented the widespread adoption of these developments by chemists—and what are the prospects for adoption over time?

Library Publishing as a New Model of Scholarly Communication

This article briefly compares the history, current practices, and trends of library publishing and institutional repositories, but focuses on journal publishing by academic libraries. By introducing some foreign university publishing models, it recommends an institutional concentration, rather than a subject orientation, of library journals and suggests a diversification of the library publishing.

Current Models of Digital Scholarly Communication: Results of an Investigation Conducted by Ithaka Strategic Services for the Association of Research Libraries

Current Models of Digital Scholarly Communication: Results of an Investigation Conducted by Ithaka Strategic Services for the Association of Research Libraries

Library Publishing as a New Model of Scholarly Communication

This article briefly compares the history, current practices, and trends of library publishing and institutional repositories, but focuses on journal publishing by academic libraries. By introducing some foreign university publishing models, it recommends an institutional concentration, rather than a subject orientation, of library journals and suggests a diversification of the library publishing.

Un nuevo cometido para los bibliotecarios académicos: <i>data curation</i>

Academic libraries are facing a range of new challenges in the 21st century. Models of scholarly communication are experiencing a revolution with the advent of open access, with libraries adopting a lead role in self-archiving their institutional outputs in digital repositories. In addition, researchers are taking advantage of the computational power at their disposal, conducting research in innovative and collaborative ways that use and produce vast amounts of data. Such research-generated data underpins intellectual ideas, which in turn propagates new methodologies, analysis and ultimately knowledge. It is crucial that we preserve such mechanisms and output for future generations. With the experience gained from traditional cataloguing, indexing and organisational skills coupled to those acquired in developing, establishing and maintaining institutional repositories, the time is ripe for academic librarians to explore a new role. Research data need to be looked after from the moment of creation through their life cycle. The concept of data curation refers to activities like digital preservation but also those geared towards adding value to the data so that they can be discovered and reused. This article introduces e-Research and the likely function of academic libraries in this domain. After this, data curation is described and several initiatives of interest for information professionals in this field are presented.

Talk About Talking About New Models of Scholarly Communication

Talk About Talking About New Models of Scholarly Communication

Open Access in the Natural and Social Sciences: The Correspondence of Innovative Moves to Enhance Access, Inclusion and Impact in Scholarly Communication

Online, open access is the superior model for scholarly communication. A variety of scientific communities in physics, the life sciences and economics have gone furthest in innovating their scholarly communication through open access, enhancing accessibility for scientists, students and the interested public. Open access enjoys a comparative advantage across the sciences and humanities and it is therefore only logical that functional innovation and structural improvements should be similar in the natural and social sciences. A variety of innovative moves in the natural and social sciences are portrayed and analysed, demonstrating correspondence of the innovative logic across the disciplines even as solutions vary. Open access is technologically feasible and economically efficient. Moreover, open access has become vital to secure the continued advancement of knowledge. It may be expected that public and philanthropic funding will flow in the future only if public visibility and academic impact of the research results can be demonstrated.

SPARC: Creating Innovative Models and Environments for Scholarly Research and Communication

The Scholarly Publishing and Academic Resources Coalition (SPARC), a strategic initiative founded by the Association of Research Libraries, is a catalyst for promoting a scholarly communication environment that is more open, financially tenable, and supportive of the current research and information needs of academe. Established in response to imbalances in the scholarly publishing system and the skyrocketing costs of commercial peer-reviewed journals, SPARC is successfully leveraging digital technology and collaboratively finding ways to facilitate the access, sharing and use of scholarly information. This article explores three of SPARC's major programmatic areas (education, incubation, advocacy), and examines how the organization is playing an active role in developing alternate scholarly communication models while constructively influencing public policy in the service of libraries and university communities.

의학 분야 오픈 액세스 현황 분석을 통한 국내 의학 정보 활성화 방안

This paper analyzes the current status of open access policies, publishing, and archiving in the field of medicine. Journals indexed in SCI are published by open access publishers such as BMC Ltd. and PLoS and then the research articles in those journals are archived in PMC and BMC. Also, funding institutions participate in developing open access as a new scholarly communication model and governments or independent funding institutions outside the country make policies for open access. But scholary communities in Korea do not develop their services in the level of a new scholarly communication model even though they open their journal articles on the homepages. This paper suggests several plans for the open access scholarly communication in the field of medicine in Korea.

If We Build It, Will They Come (Eventually)?

ABSTRACT Specialists in serials have been dealing with the effects of an imbalance in the scholarly communication process for some time. The increase in scholarly output coupled with the decreasing ability of libraries to provide access to that output due to spiraling journal costs has created tensions for libraries and their communities. By advocating and providing a means to provide open access to scholarly output, institutional repositories have been promoted as one strategy for redefining the scholarly communication model. Since January 2003, the University of Oregon libraries have been exploring this approach. The article will discuss the challenges and opportunities that such repositories face and examine their effectiveness in changing the nature of scholarly communication. This will be done primarily through a case study of the experience of the University of Oregon Libraries.

Open Access in the Natural and Social Sciences: The Correspondence of Innovative Moves to Enhance Access, Inclusion and Impact in Scholarly Communication

Online, open access is the superior model for scholarly communication. A variety of scientific communities in physics, the life sciences and economics have gone furthest in innovating their scholarly communication through open access, enhancing accessibility for scientists, students and the interested public. Open access enjoys a comparative advantage across the science and humanities and it is therefore only logical that functional innovation and structural improvements should be similar in the natural and social sciences. A variety of innovative moves in the natural and social sciences are portrayed and analysed, demonstrating correspondence of the innovative logic across the disciplines even as solutions vary.Open access is technologically feasible and economically efficient. Moreover, open access has become vital to secure the continued advancement of knowledge. It may be expected that public and philanthropic funding will flow in the future only if public visibility and academic impact of the research results can be demonstrated.

Design and development of institutional repositories: A case study

Institutional repositories (IR) are digital collections that capture, collect, manage, disseminate, and preserve scholarly work created by the constituent members in individual institutions. They are born out of problems with the current scholarly communication model developed by commercial publishers and vendors. The establishment of IR in the developing countries ensures that their national research becomes mainstream and contributes on an equal footing to the global knowledge pool. This paper presents the results of an effort to develop an IR of publications of the Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bangalore, India. Since self-archiving is extremely sporadic, this repository is compiled from several identified, authentic sources by extracting metadata by constructing a suitable search strategy. The extracted metadata are standardized and duplicate publications are removed. The database is updated periodically and publications can be added and edited through the add publication module. The search module allows users to search by specific publication type. Links to full text are given wherever possible. The repository, named “PRABHAVI”, is web-enabled using Greenstone Digital Library software and can be accessed at: http://vidya-mapak.ncsi.iisc.ernet.in/cgi-bin/library

Design and development of institutional repositories: A case study

Institutional repositories (IR) are digital collections that capture, collect, manage, disseminate, and preserve scholarly work created by the constituent members in individual institutions. They are born out of problems with the current scholarly communication model developed by commercial publishers and vendors. The establishment of IR in the developing countries ensures that their national research becomes mainstream and contributes on an equal footing to the global knowledge pool. This paper presents the results of an effort to develop an IR of publications of the Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bangalore, India. Since self-archiving is extremely sporadic, this repository is compiled from several identified, authentic sources by extracting metadata by constructing a suitable search strategy. The extracted metadata are standardized and duplicate publications are removed. The database is updated periodically and publications can be added and edited through the add publication module. The search module allows users to search by specific publication type. Links to full text are given wherever possible. The repository, named “PRABHAVI”, is web-enabled using Greenstone Digital Library software and can be accessed at: http://vidya-mapak.ncsi.iisc.ernet.in/cgi-bin/library

THE FUTURE OF THE ACADEMIC LIBRARY AND THE ACADEMIC LIBRARIAN: A DELPHI STUDY RELOADED

At the 20th IATUL (International Association of Technological University Libraries) Conference held in 1999, the authors presented a paper ‘The Future of the Academic Library and the Academic Librarian. A DELPHI Study’ (see http://www.iatul.org/conference/proceedings/vol09/papers/feret.html). The aim of that study was to identify trends and present a probable scenario for the year 2005. Much has changed since then. We live in a different world because of significant changes in technology and in information networking and access, internationalisation of teaching and research and fundamental changes in scholarly communication and publishing models, which in turn have imposed new legal regulations. All these factors have strongly influenced libraries and changed the library image in a way hardly to be predicted 6 years ago. This paper presents the results of a new study conducted in 2005. It has two main objectives: • to verify the results of the previous study (comparison of the experts’ predictions with the reality as of the year 2005) • to make further extrapolation, focused on competencies that librarians should develop as professional information suppliers and experts, to meet future needs. A Delphi method of forecasting involves two consecutive rounds of questions, subsequent analysis of the responses to the open and closed questions and a development of the expert consensus about the topic of the study. The panel of experts was composed of the librarians and information professionals, many of whom were also involved in the previous study.

Snapshots of a Changing Scholarly Communications Environment

Almost two years after the formation of SPARC Europe, the LIBER pre-conference seminar in St Petersburg gave an excellent opportunity to review progress on the road to achieving the aims of SPARC Europe. The traditional models of scholarly communication are increasingly being shown to be antiquated and insufficiently flexible to adapt to the new environment. SPARC Europe calls for far reaching changes in the way we approach scholarly communications. The talks in the seminar provide snapshots of the changing environment. They highlight the activities being taken at all levels by a wide variety of stakeholders in the scholarly communications process: Small and society publishers are developing alternatives to inflexible and restrictive 'Big Deals'; funding bodies and research organisations worldwide are becoming aware of issues surrounding scholarly communication; institutional repositories are providing new communications channels; and libraries are investigating new directions and taking on new roles. This paper will expand on some of these recent developments.

Institutional repositories: the library’s new role

“Institutional repositories” is a new concept for collecting, managing, disseminating, and preserving scholarly works created in digital form by faculty and students in individual universities and colleges. It is born out of problems with the current scholarly communication model structured by commercial journal publishers and vendors. To properly implement these repositories, libraries will need to recruit librarians who possess digital collection management and Open Archive Information System (OAIS) management skills. In addition, training faculty and students to use OAIS, helping them prepare their digital products, involving them in institution‐wide policy making, and setting repository goals would be some of the new tasks that libraries will face.

Editorial

A range of challenges besets editors of professional academic journals. The role of a journal is to chronicle the context within which people function. Published evaluations are provided to ensure readers can develop an enhanced perception of the world within which they live. A journal has to ensure it covers the areas central to its readers’ lives and work. The ability to meet this pressure for instantaneous dissemination of the written word is limited by the journal publication cycle. There has been very little change in the scholarly communication model for over 300 years, but the introduction of the Internet has provided options for development. Various institutions, as well as individuals, are exploring concepts of self-archiving and internal repositories to quicken communication. Rather than seeking to disseminate via journals they are looking to make available their research via the World Wide Web. Published journals will have to establish the implications of these trends and how they adapt when organizations take responsibility for archiving their intellectual wealth. David Prosser from Sparc Europe UK gave a presentation around these possibilities at a recent international conference.1 There was also a related forum on open access in medical research publishing held at the British Library in London on Monday 4 April 2003. Developments and issues in new models of scholarly publishing were discussed. It is becoming apparent that librarians working in the health sector will need to consider how their services are impacted by these changes. For those journals covering information and communication technology areas, the rapid developments cause specific problems in the ability to record current trends. Similarly, journals involved with health disciplines face difficulties in ensuring they have not been overtaken by topical changes. For a journal such as Health Information and Libraries Journal covering both … A very recent example is provided by the services supplied from the NHS England National Core Content. This development will affect and improve access to information for all health professionals in England. Sally Hernando (Chair of the National Core Content Group) and Scott Gibbens (Project Manager) have kindly provided the following guest editorial outlining the Core Content work.

학술 커뮤니케이션의 새로운 동향 : 자유이용을 중심으로

The serials pricing and licensing crises have caused the problem of limited access to scholarly information and the problem of its preservation. To cope with these crises, various types of scholarly communication models are under study now. Open Access is one of the possible solutions among these new trials. This study has investigated the history of Open Access, articulated the first considerations for the spread of Open Access, and proposed the role of librarians during the progress.

Talking Past Each Other: Making Sense of the Debate over Electronic Publication

This paper discusses the implications electronic dissemination for the peer-reviewed serial publication system. To make sense of this complex issue, it is helpful to view it from the perspective of the origins of the system and its three core functions, the ranking of scholarship, facilitating interactive communication among scholars, and creating a comprehensive archive of scholarly and scientific knowledge. Each of these core functions has different requirements that are to some extent overlapping but also to some extent in conflict. The Internet opens the possibility of developing a variety of different models of scholarly communication each fulfilling to a greater or lesser extent these three roles paper journals have served and possibly other roles that were not even conceivable prior to the development of world-wide electronic networks. The implications of electronic distribution for ownership and access to the scholarly literature are profound and likely to exacerbate the already serious serial pricing crisis that is hindering the widespread access to scientific and scholarly information. The scholarly community, which both authors the material contained in these publications and largely consumes the finish product holds the key to solving this crisis and allowing the Internet to be a vehicle for facilitating the dissemination of publicly funded research and scholarship rather than resulting in its transfer to private ownership.