Public Service Model Research Articles

From centralized to distributed public service media: An analysis of market and public value-driven arguments

Abstract In recent years, various regulators and advisory bodies have advocated for distributed public service models or at least explored its validity. This article aims to analyse the arguments for stepping away from centralized to distributed PSM systems. It questions whether proposals for distributed offers envisage distributed PSM as a complement or as a replacement of existing PSM organizations, whether motives are based on market failure or public interest objectives, how these underlying motives are transposed into specific policy plans and finally, to what extent they fit within a longer term strengthening of national media ecosystems or mainly serve to realize budget cuts and meet specific demands of private competitors. Findings are based on a literature study and an analysis of Flanders, United Kingdom, New Zealand and the Netherlands, in which debates on distributed PSM are recent or ongoing. The article argues that the efficiency and contestable funding arguments that underpin the advocacy for distributed public service are based on ideological market failure beliefs, similar to the ideological choice for centralized public service media. Debates on distributed models often go hand in hand with a desire to limit public service provision, or, a pragmatic stance of politicians seeking to please more than one player in the media market. An ecosystem logic that truly matches market with public interest objectives might therefore deserve a more fundamental exploration.

Restarting Static

This article examines the digital television (DTV) transition with particular focus on technical protocols, political and legal decisions, and home hardware. Considering the great potential for redefining television in the digital medium, we highlight ways in which television was “rebooted” rather than reinvented. Without the technical constraints that shaped analog television, many carryovers to DTV can be ascribed to social rather than conventionally technical influences and stakeholders. Three themes emerge from our analysis: (1) a technocratic discourse that favored resolution over reception as central to broadcasting as public service, (2) an inadequate public information campaign and failure to explore the range of opportunities presented by the digital format, and (3) a rearticulation of the home theater assemblage to cope with DTV through replacement-driven obsolescence. We argue that approaching DTV as a “reboot” serves as a model for investigating digital transitions more broadly in a new model of public service.

Fostering knowledge sharing behaviour among public sector managers: a proposed model for the Malaysian public service

Purpose– This paper aims to propose a conceptual model of knowledge sharing behaviour among Malaysian public sector managers.Design/methodology/approach– An extensive literature review method was used to identify and analyse relevant literature in order to propose a knowledge sharing model.Findings– The authors identified three potential predictor groups of knowledge sharing behaviour among Malaysian public sector managers. The groups are intrinsic motivational factors, extrinsic motivational factors and organisational socialisation factors. The paper proposes organisational commitment as the mediating variable between the identified predictors and knowledge sharing behaviour (knowledge donating and knowledge collecting).Research limitations/implications– The paper offers a number of propositions, which leads to a knowledge sharing model. Future research should validate and examine the predictive power of the proposed model.Practical implications– Upon model validation, the paper could offer practical interventions for human resource development (HRD) practitioners to assist organisations towards fostering knowledge sharing behaviour. The paper highlights the importance of employee’s organisational commitment in order to engage in organizational-related behaviours such as knowledge sharing.Originality/value– The paper used a new approach in theorising knowledge sharing behaviour by integrating the General Workplace Commitment Model, Self-Determination Theory and Social Capital Theory. The suggestion of public service motivation as one of the intrinsic motivational factors could provide new insights to the HRD practitioners on fostering knowledge sharing behaviour in the public service subject to model validation.

Federal service and the Constitution: the development of the public employment relationship

Preface 1. The Public Employment Relationship 2. Development of the Public Employment Relationship, 1776-18293. The Spoils System and the Public Employment Relationship 4. Civil Service Reform and the Public Employment Relationship 5. Political Neutrality 6. Equality of Access to Civil Service Positions 7. Loyalty and Security 8. Building the Public Service Model 9. The Public Employment Relationship Today: Toward Convergence with the Private Sector? Bibliography Index

Municipal Competition for Inhabitants Under Population Decrease

The shrinking population during the break-down, adaptation and recovery phase in Estonian social and political development enforces municipal competition among the municipalities. Competition for inhabitants is embedded in regional competition showing horizontal and vertical competition relations. Inhabitants’ competition prevails indirectly through municipal business promotion competition and directly through competition for inhabitants. The competition shows three phases. A phase concerns zoning and long-term planning; a second one refers to negotiations with settlement firms and short-term actions to attract inhabitants followed by a phase of revisions of zoning and measures.The oligopolistic industrial zoning model of business promotion policy points to the consequences of horizontal municipal competition also on population. Vertical influences on business promotion policy demonstrate a game-theoretic example of intergovernmental intervention from higher government on zoning. The negotiation phase in business promotion policy is modelled by a bilateral monopoly model between a municipality and a settlement firm. Horizontal regional competition highlights the implications on inhabitants’ competition. An oligopoly model of direct inhabitant competition concerns the zoning in particular for housing. Furthermore, a model of public enterprise service and fee formation and of horizontal public firm competition shows inhabitants’ competition in the second phase. Forms of inhabitant competition concerning suburbanisation and using public debt, revenues such as taxes, fees and expenditures are mentioned. Finally, follows a discussion of possible instruments to regulate inhabitant competition.

La CNMC y la regulación del sector energético

El Tratado de Roma, basado en la libre competencia, cuestionó el tradicional servicio público europeo. Progresivamente, ciertas actividades de interés general pasaron a realizarse por particulares, sujetos a obligaciones de servicio público. La liberalización del sector energético español dio lugar a la CSEN, primer regulador, al que siguió la CNSE. La CNE disponía ya de considerable independencia. La actual CNMC aglutina a los anteriores reguladores sectoriales con la autoridad de competencia, organismos con distintos enfoques. Para evitar posibles inconvenientes de ello, su Consejo funciona habitualmente en salas que conocen por separado de asuntos de competencia y de regulación. Aunque la CNMC dispone, en general, de mayores facultades en el ámbito energético, ciertas funciones de la anterior CNE se traspasarán al Ministerio de Industria, Energía y Turismo, algo criticable.

Open Source Governance—A More Ambitious Cousin of Collaborative Governance

Open source represents a model generally known for its success in software production. The objective of this article is to establish a new strategic approach of using open source development principles for managing collaborative arrangements between citizens and public administration. The identity of open source governance is developed by highlighting how it is different from its main “competitor”—collaborative governance, and from other two popular concepts—open government and e-democracy. The other sections are designed to answer to public managers regarding why and what to adopt from this governance model for public sector services.

Media public services in Serbia: Byways and roads

In this paper the main issue is functioning of the Serbian Radio- Television and Radio Television of Vojvodina as a public service media in the period from 2002 to 2014. Based on the theoretical aspects of the media organizations that function in a model of public service, critically analyzes the role, especially RTS in the media system. By analyzing a number of examples it is shown that the national broadcaster has failed to become a service to the citizens of Serbia and that is essentially functioned as an instrument for achieving the interests of the ruling political organizations. Also the author put forward the hypothesis that nothing significant in the operation of RTS and RTV not change after the adoption of the new media laws in mid-2014. Therefore, in the final part of the paper outlined a possible solution on the number and functioning of public service media in Serbia, taking into account the real material possibilities of the society, the general and specific needs of the citizens and the importance of media organizations as subjects of cultural politics in the present and the future.

ISEES MODEL: MODEL OF HOSPITAL SERVICE BASED ON INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL SERVICE QUALITY

The research attempts to investigate public hospital service model and test the effect of theinternal and external service quality on employee satisfaction, employee satisfaction on theexternal service quality, external service quality on customer satisfaction, and customer loyalty.The research was conducted through questionnaires to 31 hospitals in Surabaya with1155 respondents. Validity and reliability are used to test the research instruments and researchhypotheses were tested by linear regression analysis. The results show there is a significantand positive effect of internal service quality on the employee satisfaction. There isalso a significant effect of internal service quality on external service quality. But, it alsoshows there is no significant effect of employee satisfaction on external service quality.Again, there is a significant and positive effect of external service quality on customer satisfaction,a significant and positive effect of customer satisfaction on customer loyalty.

Possibilidades epistemológicas para a ampliação da Teoria da Administração Pública: uma análise a partir do conceito do Novo Serviço Público

Este artigo apresenta as bases epistemológicas que sustentam o modelo do Novo Serviço Público proposto por Denhardt e analisa como elas podem contribuir para a ampliação da Teoria da Administração Pública. Como contribuições, sugere-se que é preciso considerar quais são os mecanismos institucionais que a Administração Pública deve viabilizar que o indivíduo possa se expressar em relação àquilo tem, precisa ou deseja; que a crítica, aos critérios de eficiência e eficácia como os únicos utilizados para suportar determinados modelos de Administração Pública, possibilita reconhecer que essa age sobre um conjunto de interesses difusos, legítimos e, muitas vezes, divergentes e que critérios como equidade ou justiça, por exemplo, parecem mais pertinentes para lhe dar suporte; que a Administração Pública precisa ampliar suas bases de participação, facilitando a articulação dos múltiplos interesses da sociedade, por meio de redes de governança que definiriam como as decisões seriam tomadas, e como os grupos poderiam interagir na formulação dos propósitos públicos e na implantação das políticas públicas; que o grande desafio envolve a redefinição da visão e do papel do próprio Estado, que seria entendido como uma associação que se ocuparia da articulação e da governança das redes de formulação das políticas públicas e da mobilização dos recursos necessários ao alcance desses fins.

Thailand’s HIV/AIDS program after weaning-off the global fund’s support

Background Although the number of smokers has declined in the last decade, smoking is still a major health problem among youngsters and adolescents. For this reason, there is a need for effective smoking prevention programmes targeting primary school children. A web-based computer-tailored feedback programme may be an effective intervention to stimulate youngsters not to start smoking, and increase their knowledge about the adverse effects of smoking and their attitudes and self-efficacy regarding non-smoking. Methods & Design This paper describes the development and evaluation protocol of a web-based out-of-school smoking prevention programme for primary school children (age 10-13 years) entitled 'Fun without Smokes'. It is a transformation of a postal mailed intervention to a web-based intervention. Besides this transformation the effects of prompts will be examined. This web-based intervention will be evaluated in a 2-year cluster randomised controlled trial (c-RCT) with three study arms. An intervention and intervention + prompt condition will be evaluated for effects on smoking behaviour, compared with a no information control condition. Information about pupils' smoking status and other factors related to smoking will be obtained using a web-based questionnaire. After completing the questionnaire pupils in both intervention conditions will receive three computer-tailored feedback letters in their personal e-mail box. Attitudes, social influences and self-efficacy expectations will be the content of these personalised feedback letters. Pupils in the intervention + prompt condition will - in addition to the personalised feedback letters - receive e-mail and SMS messages prompting them to revisit the 'Fun without Smokes' website. The main outcome measures will be ever smoking and the utilisation of the 'Fun without Smokes' website. Measurements will be carried out at baseline, 12 months and 24 months of follow-up. Discussion The present study protocol describes the purpose, intervention design and study protocol of 'Fun without Smokes'. Expectations are that pupils receiving tailored advice will be less likely to smoke after 24 months in contrast to pupils in the control condition. Furthermore, tailored feedback letters and prompting is expected to be more effective than providing tailored feedback letters only. Trial Registration Dutch Trial Register NTR3116

Local Tobacco Control: Application of the Essential Public Health Services Model in a County Health Department’s Efforts to Put It Out Rockland

In 2000, Rockland County, a small suburban county north of New York City, dedicated $1 million of its Master Settlement Agreement funds to a comprehensive tobacco control program, Put It Out Rockland. Developed and implemented by the county health department, this program used an essential public health services model and an ongoing financial investment, within the context of strong statewide tobacco control efforts, to lower adult smoking rates to 9.7% and to reduce both smoking among youths and exposure to secondhand smoke over the ensuing decade. By combining state funds and local dollars for a total of $6.75 cost per capita, this comprehensive effort yielded 11 000 fewer smokers and translated to a potential savings of more than $24 million for the county.

The Dialectics of Equity: Consumer Citizenship and the Extension of Water Supply in Medellín, Colombia

In light of neoliberal prescriptions for a business-like approach to public service provision, researchers and activists have voiced strong opposition to treating citizens as consumers. On one side of the debate, it is argued that a consumer model for public services will lead to more responsible consumption, better allocation of resources, and improved accountability. On the other, such a model is said to jeopardize both the equity and quality of essential services. Yet, both of these perspectives rest on a binary analysis of consumption and citizenship that is not sustained by empirical observation. This article draws on studies of consumption in sociology and geography as well as a case study of water services in Medellín, Colombia, to explore the potential for a dialectical consumer citizen approach to public services. I argue that, for water supply, such an approach—rather than one that prioritizes either end of an often unhelpful binary—offers opportunities for regulated solidarity and differential responsibility in the achievement of collective goals. This means recognizing the role of the state in consumption, the unevenness of citizenship, and the limits of “choice.”

A Study on Adopting Model for Cloud-based public service

Cloud services is recognized the essential IT infrastructure in the optimal smart society which is changing rapidly as a low-cost and high-efficiency. This service of starting from prominent overseas companies such as Google, Amazon, had influenced on the introduction of the service for the various policies of foreign governments, including the United States and the United Kingdom. Such countries adopt to the cloud computing and make transform to the cloud service of existing public service for the effective management of information resources. In this study, we propose a model for adoption of appropriate cloud-based public services in Korea through analyzing the foreign government case of adoption of cloud services.

Radio in Estonia: Meager but Enduring

Historically radio has held an important place in the lives of Estonians that shaped radio's character during the years of the Soviet Union and after Estonian independence. Radio developed an intimate relationship with Estonian audiences and was important during the drive for independence. After independence state broadcasting moved toward a public service model while commercial radio developed under the control of a small number of corporations. While public service radio and commercial radio compete in ways similar to other European and Nordic countries, radio in Estonia remains strong.

Disruptive innovation: a new model for public sector services

PurposeThis article aims to provide examples of opportunities to implement disruptive innovation and offer a framework to introduce it in the public sector – proposing a way to use innovation to make public programs radically cheaper without slashing services.Design/methodology/approachBy focusing on the public sector job to be done – promoting public safety through incarceration vs electronic monitoring – can illuminate how to accomplish the core goals of an existing process in a different way.FindingsThe paper finds that the best place to start disruptive innovation tends to be in a market segment that is vastly over‐served or not served at all by the current, dominant model of delivery.Practical implicationsGovernment has an array of tools and channels that can be used to foster the growth of disruptive technologies.Originality/valueFrom homeland security to education, from health care to defense, what is needed are innovations that break traditional trade‐offs, particularly that between price and performance. Disruptive innovation offers a proven path to accomplish this goal and in the process transform public services.

Study on public service model with DTV white space in Korea

This paper presents theoretical and experimental study on feasibility of public service for DTV idle space called DTV white space in Korea. We conducted the in-depth interview of the experts who work for the stakeholders at the related fields, such as government, broadcaster, Telco, and academia. Through the interview, we achieved the research purpose, understanding the needs for the DTV white space policy and extracting the appropriate service. It contains the direction of the spectrum management, the white space policy, and the way of the service vitalisation in public aspects. With the results of interview, we proposed the policy guideline for the successful launch of DTV white space service in public aspect rather than commercial aspect.

A települési hulladékkezelés és a „magyar modell”


 
 
 
 Napjaink egyik fontos kérdése az önkormányzatiság és az önkormányzati feladatok és hatáskörök újragondolása, annak meghatározása, hogy milyen feladatokat, közszolgáltatásokat is kell az önkormányzatoknak kötelezően ellátniuk. A kérdés megválaszolása látszólag egyszerű; azt kell megállapítani, hogy melyek azok a közszolgáltatások, amelyek megszervezésére és finanszírozására az önkormányzatok alkalmasak. Az alkalmasságot méretgazdaságossági és hatékonysági szempontok alapján viszonylag könnyűnek tűnhet megállapítani különösen azoknál a közszolgáltatásoknál, melyek a közérdekű gazdasági szolgáltatások közé tartoznak.
 
 
 

Can Government Support the Press? Historicizing and Internationalizing a Policy Approach to the Journalism Crisis

Although consensus has been reached that journalism is in crisis, few agree on the nature of its decline or the means of resolving it. After providing an overview of this ongoing debate, the author contextualizes the journalism crisis within several historical, political, intellectual, and structural processes that help highlight what is at stake and what can be done to support the journalism required for a democratic society in the United States. He concludes with an emphasis on normative considerations regarding the future of journalism and provides several policy proposals that aim to provide the resources necessary for a robust and independent press. These policies, he suggests, will help facilitate the transition from a failing commercial media system to a public-service model of the press.

Community Radio as an Alternative Tier of Broadcasting - The Challenges and Prospects in India

The word community radio conjures up a mix of reaction in the minds of Indian people. Sometimes the responses are optimistic as it recalls community radio stations, which have achieved spectacular success. But the responses are depressing when the dozens of unpopular and neglected community radio stations comes to ones notice. This dichotomy confuses one about the success of community radio and raises questions about its future. The questions which come to one's mind are — Can community radio as a tier of broadcasting be viewed as a real alternative to the public service and commercial enterprise broadcasting models? If yes, has it got the attention and recognition it really deserves? If no, what ails community radio in India? What are the challenges community radio faces in India? What are the opportunities available for the growth and appropriation of community radio in India especially for democratisation of information? A genuine attempt to answer these questions can go a long way in understanding the challenges and opportunities to the evolution of community radio, which this paper attempts to explain. In addition, it also explores the positive actions that can shape community radio as a powerful sector in India contributing to poverty reduction, development objectives, inclusiveness, and democracy building in local communities around. The discussions in this paper transpire that community radio can find tremendous opportunities in the sociocultural and linguistic diversities in India to evolve into a powerful alternative tier of broadcasting.