Model Of Human Occupation Screening Tool Research Articles

A Strengths-Based Cognitive Approach to Enhancing Occupational Performance and Self-Efficacy in Individuals With Schizophrenia

Abstract Date Presented 04/19/21 People with schizophrenia have daily living challenges related to impaired cognitive skills and low self-efficacy. This study used the Model of Human Occupation Screening Tool (MOHOST) in a single-case design with multiple baselines (N = 5) to investigate a strengths-based intervention for people with schizophrenia. Visual and statistical analyses yielded a small intervention effect (d = 0.26) and relationships among cognitive variables and MOHOST domains. Participants reported increased self-confidence and occupational engagement. Primary Author and Speaker: Christine A. Linkie Additional Authors and Speakers: Karen Ratcliff, Ickpyo Hong

Correlations Between Overall Health Status and Occupational Participation in Forensic Clients

Abstract Date Presented 04/06/19 OTs who worked at forensic settings in England were expected to use the MOHO-based forensic care pathway to guide their interventions. As part of their standard procedures, therapists administered the Model of Human Occupation Screening Tool (MOHOST) and the Health of Nation Outcome Scales (HoNOS) to represent clients’ participation and their health conditions. The study built up a picture for forensic patients with assessments that were already being used regularly in practice. Primary Author and Speaker: Chia-Wei Fan

Cross-cultural adaptation, face validity and reliability of the Model of Human Occupation Screening Tool to Brazilian Portuguese

Introduction: The Model of Human Occupation Screening Tool (MOHOST) was developed in the UK and measures the occupational participation. Until its translation, there were no standardised instruments in Brazil of a similar nature. Objectives: To describe the translation and cross-cultural adaptation process of the MOHOST for Brazil, its face validity and test-retest reliability among occupational therapists. Method: A translation agreement was established allowing the assessment to be translated and honed after a back translation. An expert committee was formed of ten occupational therapists to test face validity of the instrument with 50 occupational therapists. Statistical analysis was employed to investigate whether the occupational therapists’ understanding of the MOHOST was linked to their length of clinical experience. The test-retest reliability was examined among a sample of eight adults with physical disabilities. Results: The cross-cultural adaptation of the Brazilian MOHOST has been completed. A significant correlation (p=0.04) was found between years of professional experience and greater understanding of the MOHOST items. The MOHOST presented very high reliability in the test-retest (r>0.900). Conclusion: A Brazilian translation of the MOHOST has face validation and test-retest reliability. Future studies addressing this instrument’s psychometric properties of validity and inter-rater reliability are recommended.

Correlation Between Therapeutic Use of Self and Clients’ Participation in Rehabilitation

Abstract Date Presented 4/20/2018 The Model of Human Occupation Screening Tool (MOHOST) and the Clinical Assessment of Modes were used to evaluate clients’ participation and paired therapists’ use of mode. Correlation analyses were conducted. The results show that the empathizing mode was significantly correlated to five subdomains of the MOHOST. Primary Author and Speaker: Chia-Wei Fan Additional Authors and Speakers: Renee Taylor

Examining changes in occupational participation in forensic patients using the Model of Human Occupation Screening Tool

Introduction In occupational therapy, there has been an increased interest in patients’ occupational participation within forensic settings. This retrospective study involved a longitudinal analysis of occupational participation within six forensic hospitals in England. The aim was to contribute to the understanding of forensic patients’ occupational participation over a two-year period. Methods The Model of Human Occupation Screening Tool (MOHOST) was rated by 78 occupational therapists on 489 patients in low and medium secure units who were receiving occupational therapy over two years. The many-faceted Rasch Model was used to convert their MOHOST scores at each time point into interval scales. Regression analysis was used to examine changes in occupational participation over time. Results Patients’ overall occupational participation improved over time. Specifically, participation improved in five of the six MOHOST subdomains, which included their motivation for occupation, pattern of occupation, communication/interaction skills, process skills, and environment. Patients did not demonstrate significant change in their motor skills, which varied as expected. In addition, patients in low secure units had better occupational participation than those in medium secure settings. Conclusion Our findings indicated improvements in the patients’ occupational participation over the 2-year period. Further investigations are needed to understand factors contributing to change.

Exploring Impact of Independent Living Programme on Activity Participation Of Elderly People with Chronic Conditions

Background: The Independent Living Programme (ILP) is an eight-week community-based rehabilitation programme, consisting of group and individual interventions for older adults with chronic conditions. This research is an exploratory study to examine the potential impact of the programme on attendees' participation in daily activities and self-perceptions of performance and satisfaction with their performance of activities of daily living. Methods: Study participants were over 70 years of age, with physician-confirmed diagnoss of chronic conditions. 4 single-group, pre-test, post-test design ( Shadish et al, 2002 ) was used with a qualitative component. Evaluation measures included the Model of Human Occupation Screening Tool (MOHOST), the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM) and qualitative interviews. Ethical approval was obtained from Trinity College Dublin and Health Service Executive ethics committees. Findings: Ten people participated in the study. There was significant improvement in participants' overall activity participation (P<0.011), self-perceptions of performance (P<0.001) and satisfaction (P<0.001). Motor skills and motivation to engage in activity also improved significantly (P<0.001 and P<0.035). Interviewees reported increased self-efficacy and reflection on how they performed their daily activities. There was no significant difference in scores on process skills, communication/ interactions skills, and environmental influences on performance pre and post participation in the programme. Conclusion: This 8-week ILP significantly increased participants' overall activity participation, their self-perceptions of their activity performance and satisfaction with same. Due to the non-experimental nature of the study however, the results must be interpreted with caution. On the other hand, this study has clinical significance as it appears that the combination of group-education sessions, and individual tailored interventions, improves people's confidence, their motivation and motor skills to participate in activities. Further experimental research is required to confirm these findings.

An Evaluation of the Impact of a Social Inclusion Programme on Occupational Functioning for Forensic Service Users

Introduction: The rehabilitation of forensic service users with serious mental illness is an emerging specialism in occupational therapy. However, there is little evidence to support the development of this role. Government white papers and guidelines recommend a rehabilitation process that involves a social inclusion agenda and the literature supports the role of the occupational therapist in its provision. This study was designed to provide evidence for, and to guide, the practice of forensic occupational therapists working in a rehabilitation setting. Method: The study compared Model of Human Occupation Screening Tool (MOHOST) scores of forensic service users who received treatment as usual and participated in a social inclusion programme (n = 24) with the scores of those who received treatment as usual (n = 19) only. Results: Although no difference was found in MOHOST scores between the two groups before intervention (p>0.05 at 0.493), a significant difference in scores was found in the intervention group post-intervention (p<0.05 at 0.006). This difference is hypothesised to represent change in occupational functioning and evidence of successful treatment outcomes. Conclusion: The study concluded that forensic service users could benefit from occupational therapy programmes that include activities to promote social inclusion.

A Psychometric Study of the Model of Human Occupation Screening Tool (Mohost)

Objective This study examined the psychometric properties of the Model of Human Occupation Screening Tool (MOHOST) using item response theory and classical test theory approaches for clients with psychiatric disorders. Methods Data, including demographic variables and scores on the MOHOST and a version of the Health of the Nation Outcomes Scale, were retrieved from case records of 1039 adult psychiatric service users. Results Participants ranged in age from 18 to 102 and 57% were female and 43% were male. Most (94%) were unemployed, retired, or receiving other education or training. The items that make up each of the MOHOST subscales demonstrated good discriminant validity and excellent goodness of fit showing that the items measured the MOHO constructs unidimensionally. All subscales were able to distinguish clients into at least three statistically distinct strata and showed convergence with an independent measure of functioning. Conclusion Findings from this study must take into account implicit limitations associated with the use of Rasch analysis and classical test theory. At the same time, results did support use of the MOHOST for research and clinical purposes. The MOHOST demonstrated good construct validity, item separation reliability, and concurrent validity. As a measure of occupational participation, the MOHOST offers practitioners and researchers a valid and reliable measure of volition, habituation, communication/interaction skills, process skills, motor skills, and environmental influences on participation.

A Psychometric Study of the Model of Human Occupation Screening Tool (MOHOST)

ObjectiveThis study examined the psychometric properties of the Model of Human Occupation Screening Tool (MOHOST) using item response theory and classical test theory approaches for clients with ps...

Reflections on Using the Model of Human Occupation Screening Tool in a Joint Learning Disability Team

Increasing demands for evidence-based practice can cause dilemmas for practitioners, who are striving to identify assessments and outcome measures that are reliable in their practice setting, clinically useful and flexible. A 6-month preliminary study of the Model of Human Occupation Screening Tool (MOHOST) in a community learning disability service yielded positive results by satisfying all these requirements. The occupational therapists found that the MOHOST facilitated consistent and evidence-based practice, without compromising professional autonomy or a client-centred focus. It appeared straightforward, flexible to use and applicable in a wide range of learning disability settings.

Utility of the Model of Human Occupation Screening Tool for Detecting Client Change

Occupational therapists are increasingly being asked to engage in occupation-focused practice that goes beyond a focus on impairment. The Model of Human Occupation Screening Tool (MOHOST) is an occupation-focused assessment that determines the extent to which client factors and environmental factors facilitate or restrict an individual's participation in daily life. The purpose of this study was to examine the utility of the MOHOST as a valid outcomes assessment. A retrospective design was used to gather admission and discharge MOHOST ratings from an inpatient rehabilitation unit from over a 20-month period. A Many Faceted Rasch Model was used to analyze MOHOST admission and discharge data. The five therapists were fairly consistent in their scoring of the MOHOST, and four of five therapists used the MOHOST in a valid manner. There was significant increase in MOHOST measures from admission to discharge. The study findings indicate that, with minimal training, occupational therapists can use the MOHOST in a consistent and interchangeable manner to measure changes in occupational participation.

A Factor Analytic Study of the Model of Human Occupation Screening Tool of Hypothesized Variables

The Model of Human Occupation (Kielhofner, 2008) postulates that occupational participation is influenced by volition, habituation, three skill areas, and the environment. The Model of Human Occupation Screening Tool (MOHOST) (Parkinson, Forsyth, & Kielhofner, 2004) was developed to provide a broad assessment of the factors that influence a client's occupational participation. The purpose of this study was to ask whether there was evidence that the items of the MOHOST meaningfully cluster into these theoretical sub-constructs. Nine occupational therapists used the MOHOST with 166 clients in the US and the UK, and a series of confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) were conducted. The six-dimensional model fit better than the one-dimensional model, and the standardized coefficients also indicated that the items were well designed and captured each factor. The results of this study confirmed the hypothesis that the MOHOST contains six factors and provides further evidence of the validity of the MOHOST.

Application of the Model of Human Occupation Screening Tool (MOHOST Assessment) in an Acute Psychiatric Setting

The Model of Human Occupation Screening Tool (MOHOST) plays a key role in the occupational therapy assessment protocol at an acute psychiatric unit in Britain. This paper incorporates a case study and discussions with the occupational therapists to explore how the assessment influences practice from initial assessment to final outcome measure and how single observation forms and prototype self-assessment forms based on the MOHOST have contributed to the assessment process.

The Use of a Ward-Based Art Group to Assess the Occupational Participation of Adult Acute Mental Health Clients

This opinion piece explores the use of a ward-based art group with the Model of Human Occupation Screening Tool (MOHOST) to assess the occupational participation of adult acute mental health clients. Clients who are in an acute phase of mental illness and are unable to engage in an initial interview require alternative methods of assessment. Although groups are widely used by occupational therapists as an assessment tool, there is limited research on this topic. It is the authors' opinion that task-based groups facilitate a comprehensive assessment of clients with varying functional abilities and enable therapists to obtain detailed information on occupational participation.