Health Education Model Research Articles

The Effects of Health Education Model Based on Goal-setting Theory on lifestyle, Diet and Nutrition, and Psychological Regulation of Thyroid Cancer Patients after Surgery

Objective: The effects of a health education model based on goal-setting theory on lifestyle, diet and nutrition, and psychological regulation of thyroid cancer patients after surgery. Methods: A total of 60 thyroid cancer patients from the First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 1, 2020 ~ December 31, 2023 were selected and grouped.They were divided into 30 observation groups and 30 control groups based on the principle that baseline data between groups could be compared. Patients in both groups were given routine postoperative care for thyroid cancer, and on this basis, the control group was given routine health education intervention, and the observation group was given health education intervention based on goal-setting theory. Both groups were intervened until discharge, and both groups were followed up for 1 month after discharge. Before the intervention and one week after the intervention, the self-made disease knowledge questionnaire and the self-management assessment scale of cancer patients were used to evaluate the disease knowledge, self-management ability and quality of life of the two groups. The compliance of patients with rehabilitation exercises, hoarseness, tetany and quality of life before intervention and at the end of follow-up were observed. Results: After 1 month of intervention, there were significant differences between the observation group and the normal control group in terms of disease knowledge knowledge score, self-efficacy, control of daily living habits, treatment of disease symptoms, and management of psychological adjustment (P<0.05). In the process of intervention, the compliance of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group, and there was a significant difference, (P<0.05). At the end of the follow-up, the symptoms of hoarseness, tetany and dyspnea in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Finally, the two groups were significantly better than the control group in terms of physiological, psychological, functional exercise and special scores (P<0.05). Conclusion: Health education based on goal-setting theory has high application value in thyroid cancer surgery patients, which can improve patients' awareness of the disease, improve patients' rehabilitation compliance and self-management ability, and promote the recovery and improvement of postoperative living standards.

DENTAL'S AREA LEARNING MODEL AS AN EFFORT TO IMPROVE KNOWLEDGE AND TEETH BRUSHING SKILLS PRESCHOOL CHILDREN

Background: Preschool children have different characteristics from children of other ages, so that maximizing their cognitive, affective and psychomotor potential requires appropriate learning methods. Dental's Learning Area Model is a dental health education model that gives preschool children, especially the 3-4 year age group, the choice to choose the areas they want to learn about dental and oral health so that with this choice children are able to optimize learning according to their criteria and abilities. Objective: Develop a Dental's Area Learning Model as an effort to increase knowledge and skills in brushing teeth and reduce the Plaque Control Record (PCR) of preschool children. Method: Quasy Experiment Pretest And Posttest With Control Group Design, Research subjects were preschool children aged 3-4 years who were divided into 2 groups: 1. Dental's Area Learning Model intervention for 14 days through 4 stages of activities, namely training, simulation, brushing practice teeth and evaluation in children. 2. 14 day tooth brushing model as control. Dependent variable: knowledge and teeth brushing skills. Data were tested using Wilcoxon and Independent t-test. Results: Dental's Area Learning Model is effective in increasing students' knowledge of brushing teeth with a p-value of =0.000 and brushing skills with a p-value of 0.000 (<0.05). Conclusion: Dental's Area Learning Model is effective in increasing knowledge and teeth brushing skills in preschool children

Design of a Health Education Program to Manage Chronic Neck Pain: Protocol for a Development Study.

Chronic neck pain (CNP) needs attention to its physical, cognitive, and social dimensions. We aimed to design a health education program (HEP) with a biopsychosocial approach for patients with CNP. A literature search on CNP, health education, and biopsychosocial models was carried out. Seven physiotherapists with expertise in HEPs and chronic pain participated in three teams that evaluated the literature and prepared a synthesis document in relation to the three target topics. Experts compiled the information obtained and prepared a proposal for an HEP with a biopsychosocial approach aimed at patients with CNP. This proposal was tested in the physiotherapy units of primary care health centers belonging to the East Assistance Directorate of Madrid, and suggestions were included in the final program. The HEP for CNP with a biopsychosocial approach consists of 5 educational sessions lasting between 90 and 120 minutes, carried out every other day. Cognitive, emotional, and physical dimensions were addressed in all sessions, with particular attention to the psychosocial factors associated with people who have CNP. The proposed HEP with a biopsychosocial approach emphasizes emotional management, especially stress, without neglecting the importance of physical and recreational exercises for the individual's return to social activities. The objective of this program was to achieve a clinically relevant reduction in perceived pain intensity and functional disability as well as an improvement in quality of life in the short and medium term. ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02703506; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT02703506. DERR1-10.2196/56632.

The Application of the Perma Model in Mental Health Education in Colleges and Universities

The Application of the Perma Model in Mental Health Education in Colleges and Universities

Exploration of the Psychological Health Education Model under the Background of Academy System Education

Exploration of the Psychological Health Education Model under the Background of Academy System Education

Optimisation and Innovation of Collaborative Parenting Model of Mental Health Education and Student Management – Based on SAFER-R Model

Optimisation and Innovation of Collaborative Parenting Model of Mental Health Education and Student Management – Based on SAFER-R Model

Research on the Working Path of Adolescent Psychological Health Education Under the Background of China's New Education Reform

Adolescence is a critical period for rapid development in behavior, personality, and intelligence. Currently, the frequent occurrence of psychological crises among Chinese adolescents is detrimental to the comprehensive development of talents, the implementation of quality-oriented education, and the harmonious development of society. Based on multi-level questionnaire surveys and interview studies, this paper finds that China's education sector is increasingly emphasizing psychological health education for adolescents, continuously improving supporting mechanisms. The initial system of psychological health services in schools has taken shape, with psychological health training benefiting both schools and families, and autonomous attention from adolescents groups has increased. However, issues persist, including inadequate psychological health curricula, incomplete linkage mechanisms, imperfect family support, insufficient teacher staffing and re-education training, and inadequate identification and rescue of students' psychological crises. Therefore, this paper argues that systematically and deeply promoting the multi-faceted psychological health education model of "family-school-society," adopting multiple measures to collaboratively build and optimize coordination mechanisms, and establishing a more robust and effective approach to adolescent psychological health work, aligns with the direction of educational evaluation reform in the new era, fosters a favorable social atmosphere, and is the inevitable path to better promote the healthy growth and talent development of adolescents.

Denta Go Model: An Effective Approach to Improving Tooth Brushing Skills and Dental Hygiene Status of Preschool Children

Background: According to Riskesdas, 63.7% of children aged 5 years have a dental caries experience number (def-t) ≥6 which is included in the category of severe early childhood caries. One of the factors that influence this is the low behavior in maintaining and maintaining oral hygiene. Therefore, through the innovation of the “Denta Go” Model, it is hoped that it can improve the tooth brushing skills and dental hygiene status of preschool children. Research Objective: To produce a “Denta Go” Model that is effective and feasible to implement in an effort to improve tooth brushing skills and dental hygiene status of preschool children. Methods: Research and Development (R&D) method with 5 stages, namely identification of needs, design, expert validation, feasibility test 1, and feasibility test 2. This study used a pre-experiment design with a one group pre-post test design. The sampling technique was purposive sampling which was given an intervention for 21 days with 3 stages, namely introduction, repetition, and practice. Results: The validity results of the “Denta Go” Model show that the model is feasible as a dental health education model (p 0.000). The “Denta Go” model is effective in improving tooth brushing skills (p 0.000) with a mean pretest score of 59.06 and posttest 94.64. The “Denta Go” model is effective in improving dental hygiene status (p 0.000) with a mean pretest score of 2.64 and posttest of 1.16. Feasibility test 2 showed that the model is feasible to be used independently by kindergarten teachers (p 0.000). Conclusion: The “Denta Go” model is effective and feasible to use as an effort to improve tooth brushing skills and dental health status of preschool children.

Preliminary Studies : Digital-Based Family Health Education on Prevention of Anemia in Junior High School Students

This study aims to describe a digital-based family health education model for the prevention of anemia in Junior High School Students. This study used a descriptive method with a quantitative approach involving 100 families of female students, who filled out questionnaires regarding their knowledge of anemia, health education, use of digital media, and knowledge and compliance with consuming iron tablets. The data analysis technique in this research used frequency distribution. The results showed that most families lacked knowledge about the signs, consequences, and prevention of anemia, although almost all respondents recognized the importance of family education for anemia prevention. In addition, almost all Junior High School Students had good knowledge of anemia, and almost all families had access and use of WhatsApp as digital media. However, the compliance of Junior High School Students in consuming iron tablets needed improvement. These findings highlight the need for developing a digital-based family health education program utilizing WhatsApp to enhance knowledge and compliance in anemia prevention. It is hoped that this intervention will create sustainable behavioral changes and positively impact the health of adolescent girls.

Multilevel Interventions and Dental Attendance in Pediatric Primary Care

Untreated tooth decay is disproportionately present among low-income young children. While American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) guidelines require pediatric clinicians to implement oral health care, the effectiveness of these oral health interventions has been inconclusive. To test the effectiveness of multilevel interventions in increasing dental attendance and reducing untreated decay among young children attending well-child visits (WCVs). The Pediatric Providers Against Cavities in Children's Teeth study is a cluster randomized clinical trial that was conducted at 18 pediatric primary care practices in northeast Ohio. The trial data were collected between November 2017 and July 2022, with data analyses conducted from August 2022 to March 2023. Eligible participants included Medicaid-enrolled preschoolers aged 3 to 6 years attending WCVs at participating practices who were enrolled at baseline (WCV 1) and followed-up for 2 consecutive examinations (WCV 2 and WCV 3). Clinicians in the intervention group received both the practice-level (electronic medical record changes to document oral health) and clinician-level (common-sense model of self-regulation theory-based oral health education and skills training) interventions. Control group clinicians received AAP-based standard oral health education alone. Dental attendance was determined through clinical dental examinations conducted by hygienists utilizing International Caries Detection and Assessment System criteria and also from Medicaid claims data. Untreated decay was determined through clinical examinations. A generalized estimating equations (GEE) approach was used for both clinical examinations and Medicaid claims data. Eighteen practices were randomized to either intervention or control. Participants included 63 clinicians (mean [SD] age, 47.0 [11.3] years; 48 female [76.2%] and 15 male [23.8%]; 28 in the intervention group [44.4%]; 35 in the control group [55.6%]) and 1023 parent-child dyads (mean [SD] child age, 56.1 [14.0] months; 555 male children [54.4%] and 466 female children [45.6%]; 517 in the intervention group [50.5%]; 506 in the control group [49.5%]). Dental attendance from clinical examinations was significantly higher in the intervention group (170 children [52.0%]) vs control group (150 children [43.1%]) with a difference of 8.9% (95% CI, 1.4% to 16.4%; P = .02). The GEE model using clinical examinations showed a significant increase in dental attendance in the intervention group vs control group (adjusted odds ratio, 1.34; 95% CI, 1.07 to 1.69). From Medicaid claims, the control group had significantly higher dental attendance than the intervention group at 2 years (332 children [79.6%] vs 330 children [73.7%]; P = .04) but not at 3 years. A clinically but not statistically significant reduction in mean number of untreated decay was found in the intervention group compared with controls (B = -0.27; 95% CI, -0.56 to 0.02). In this cluster randomized clinical trial, children in the intervention group had better dental outcomes as was evidenced by increased dental attendance and lower untreated decay. These findings suggest that intervention group clinicians comprehensively integrated oral health services into WCVs. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03385629.

Application of The Tri Core Breastfeeding Model Using Audiovisual-Based E-Modules to Increase The Motivation Of Working Mothers in Exclusive Breastfeeding in The Working Area of The Wonoayu Sidoarjo Health Center

The tri core breastfeeding model is a health education model for breastfeeding mothers that includes three main aspects: lactation education, self-efficacy or increased confidence in breastfeeding mothers, and support from the surrounding environment. The importance of increasing self-confidence when breastfeeding, especially in working mothers, is something that needs to be considered. The government's efforts to increase exclusive breastfeeding coverage are contained in Government Regulation No.33/2012 on breastfeeding. This study aims to analyze the application of tri core breastfeeding models using audiovisual-based e-modules to increase the motivation of working mothers in exclusive breastfeeding. This study used a quasy experiment method with a non-equivalent control group design. The intervention group (18 people) used e-modules, while the control group used e-leaflets (18 people). The results of this study obtained ρvalue 0.000 < α = 0.05. It can be concluded that there is a significant difference between the use of audiovisual-based e-module media and e-leaflets on increasing motivation for exclusive breastfeeding in working mothers. Data analysis in this study used marginal homogeneity test and mann whitney test. The application of tri core breastfeeding models using audiovisual-based e-modules is expected to be able to increase exclusive breastfeeding coverage in working mothers.

Musculoskeletal disorders and related risk factors among Iranian farmers: applying Protection Motivation Theory

Introduction: Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are one of the main occupational health problems worldwide. Among different careers, the farming profession is highly prone to MSDs. A variety of factors to prevent MSDs can be named such as preventive behaviors. To determine the factors in health-related behaviors, protection motivation theory (PMT) is widely accepted as a framework. Therefore, the present study is an attempt to determine the MSD preventive factors using PMT in farmers in rural areas of Tuyserkan County. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study among 285 farmers living in Tuyserkan County in 2021. The farmers were selected through cluster random sampling from 54 health houses affiliated with the health center of the county. In the next stage, the participants were selected through simple random sampling. Data gathering was done online using a questionnaire of the constructs of PMT and a Nordic questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed in SPSS 24 using linear and binary regression tests. Results: The mean work experience of the farmers was 22.11 years, and the activity in 81.8% of the participants was in standing and sitting positions. In addition, 55.4% of the participants had at least one of the MSD symptoms and the most common symptoms were back pain (67%) and pain in the knee area (35.5%). The majority of farmers did not observe MSD alleviation behaviors. The variables perceived susceptibility, fear, self-efficacy, and behavior had protective effects against MSDs in the farmers; while, monthly income, age, work hours per day, and type of activity had intensifying effects on MSDs. Conclusions: Farming is recognized as a risky job for health and several evidences show a relationship between failure to perform preventive behaviors and the prevalence of MSDs. Given the paucity of studies using health education theories and models to examine the factors in MSDs, the present study employed the PMT framework to examine MSD factors in farmers.

The effect of patients' empowerment on satisfaction of diabetic patients attending primary care clinics.

Different approaches, especially the patient-centered approach with emphasis on the patient's empowerment, were used with diabetic patients to ensure a better quality of life. The study aimed to evaluate the effects of patient empowerment versus traditional health education models on the satisfaction of diabetic patients. A randomized clinical trial was conducted on 130 patients, aged 40-65 years, diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus, and attending a family medicine outpatient clinic. Patients were blinded and randomly allocated into one of the two Groups (A and B) for a health education session with trained family physicians using the empowerment model and the traditional model, respectively. Patient satisfaction was assessed using the consultation satisfaction questionnaire (CSQ). The relations between different qualitative variables were assessed by Chi-square test; differences in various quantitative variables were determined by t-test and ANOVA. Pearson correlation assessed the correlation between age and different domains as well as the total questionnaire scores of both groups. A highly statistically significant difference was found between Group A (n = 65) and Group B (n = 65) for the general satisfaction scale, professional care analysis, depth, and length of consultation (P < 0.001). In Group A, 61.5% were highly satisfied and 35.4% were moderately satisfied, while in Group B, 41.5% were moderately satisfied and 43.1% were neutral. Regarding physicians' perceptions of the communication process with patients during the health education sessions, 83% in Group A perceived it as good, while 69.2% in Group B perceived it as average. The patient empowerment model of health education was linked to higher rates of patient satisfaction and a better physician perception of the communication process during the consultation. The study was self-funded, and no harm was done to the patients.

Child-friendly school-based learning management model for health and physical education

The development of learning management models is crucial to address the diverse needs of effective learning while promoting active participation, preventing discrimination, and safeguarding students' rights and responsibilities in line with their growth. This article aims to create a child-friendly school-based learning model for health and physical education in elementary schools and validate it through expert assessments. Following Brog and Gall's model development approach, data collection involved assessment questionnaires administered to various stakeholders, including school supervisors, principals, teachers, students, and committees. The findings underscore the importance of incorporating diverse learning methods, adequate infrastructure, gender sensitivity, and meaningful learning experiences into the model. The three sequential stages' assessment results demonstrate the proposed model's high feasibility, scoring consistently high across stages. Referred to as a model, this innovative model showcases significant promise, suggesting further refinement to ensure its efficacy in addressing multifaceted learning requirements, fostering inclusive participation, and upholding students' rights and obligations per their developmental stage. This study highlights the need for evolving learning management models to cater to diverse educational needs effectively.

Exploration of Social Work Intervention Models in College Students' Youth Health Education—Taking University X as an Example

Based on the youth health program of colleges and universities, we carry out youth health education for X-school students based on the group work method of social work. It explores the practical path of youth health education in colleges and universities and develops a "trinity" youth health education model for colleges and universities, which promotes the organic integration of professional social work education, student peer education, community practice education, and youth health education, and finally provides suggestions for future youth health education in colleges and universities.

Building Trustworthy Generative Artificial Intelligence for Diabetes Care and Limb Preservation: A Medical Knowledge Extraction Case.

Large language models (LLMs) offer significant potential in medical information extraction but carry risks of generating incorrect information. This study aims to develop and validate a retriever-augmented generation (RAG) model that provides accurate medical knowledge about diabetes and diabetic foot care to laypersons with an eighth-grade literacy level. Improving health literacy through patient education is paramount to addressing the problem of limb loss in the diabetic population. In addition to affecting patient well-being through improved outcomes, improved physician well-being is an important outcome of a self-management model for patient health education. We used an RAG architecture and built a question-and-answer artificial intelligence (AI) model to extract knowledge in response to questions pertaining to diabetes and diabetic foot care. We utilized GPT-4 by OpenAI, with Pinecone as a vector database. The NIH National Standards for Diabetes Self-Management Education served as the basis for our knowledge base. The model's outputs were validated through expert review against established guidelines and literature. Fifty-eight keywords were used to select 295 articles and the model was tested against 175 questions across topics. The study demonstrated that with appropriate content volume and few-shot learning prompts, the RAG model achieved 98% accuracy, confirming its capability to offer user-friendly and comprehensible medical information. The RAG model represents a promising tool for delivering reliable medical knowledge to the public which can be used for self-education and self-management for diabetes, highlighting the importance of content validation and innovative prompt engineering in AI applications.

Effective Sexual Education Model For Preventing Sexual Violence in Children

Introduction: Children are vulnerable to sexual abuse because they are physically weak and cannot defend themselves. Threats to withhold reporting occurrences also frighten people. Sexual violence is usually done by family, neighbors, or relatives. The study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of developing a sexual health education model toward the knowledge and attitude of mothers.Methods: The research method used Quasi-Experimental with nonequivalent Control Group Design. A total of 60 mothers were divided into education and control groups. Knowledge and attitude questionnaires were used. T-test and Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test were used to analyze the difference between the pre-post test within group.Results: The study found that 33 respondents (55%) in the pre-test treatment group had a low knowledge level, and 44 respondents (73.3%) in the post-test treatment group (p = 0.001). The attitude of the respondents in the pre-test treatment group showed that most were poor, 60 respondents (100%), and 31 respondents (51.7%) in the post-test treatment group were poor (0.073). Most of the respondents in the pre-test control group had a low knowledge level of 32 respondents (53.3%), and the post-test control group had a high level of knowledge of 31 respondents (52.1%) (p= 0.000). Most respondents in the pre-test control group had a poor attitude, with 34 respondents (56.7%), and the post-test control group had a good attitude, with 33 respondents (55%) (p = 0.000).Conclusion: The module on sexual development education for children cannot affect people's views on teaching children sexual development.

Visitor characteristics and changes in mental health stigma after attending the Mind Space mental health experience exhibition.

Mind Space is an experiential mental health exhibition in Hong Kong, aiming to raise public awareness and provide education regarding mental health. This prepost study aimed to 1) examine the relationships between visitors' characteristics and their mental health stigma at baseline, and 2) provide a preliminary evaluation of the effectiveness of Mind Space in reducing stigma and promoting help-seeking attitudes toward mental health conditions. We analyzed data from all consenting visitors who attended Mind Space between September 2019 and December 2021. Visitors' attitudes toward mental health conditions and their willingness to seek professional psychological help were measured through online questionnaires before and after visits. Multiple linear regression was used to identify the demographic predictors of outcome variables at baseline. Changes in outcome variables after attending Mind Space were assessed using paired sample t-tests. A total of 382 visitors completed the baseline questionnaires, among which 146 also completed the post-test. At baseline, higher socioeconomic levels and personal contact with people with mental health conditions predicted more positive attitudes and understanding toward mental disorders. Tentatively, the results also showed that after attending Mind Space, a significant reduction in negative attitudes about mental illness (t=4.36, p=<.001; d=.361) and improvements in the propensity to seek professional help (t=-5.20, p<.001; d=-.430) were observed, along with decreases in negative attitudes toward stereotypes (t=4.71, p=<.001; d=.421) and restrictions (t=2.29, p=.024; d=.205) among healthcare professionals. Our findings highlight the need for mental health education for people with lower socioeconomic status and the importance of direct contact in public mental health education initiatives. The present study also suggests that Mind Space may be a useful model for public mental health education, but the exhibition requires further evaluation to ascertain if any reductions in stigma are maintained over time.

A Study Protocol to Assess the Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices Related to Oral Health among Nursing Students in DMIHER (DU)

Abstract Background: Nursing student’s dental health education model is aimed at orienting nursing students with oral health knowledge so that these students must be knowledgeable about dental health to implement it in their daily practices, and thus, they can play a vital part in health education and serve as the ideal role model for patients and the community. Therefore, a questionnaire-based survey is to be conducted to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practices related to oral health among nursing students in Sawangi, Wardha, Maharashtra, India. Materials and Methods: Around 440 nursing students will be participating in the questionnaire-based cross-sectional study for 2 months. The population will be taken from the nursing college of Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research (Deemed to be University), Sawangi Meghe, Wardha. The validated questionnaires will be circulated among the nursing students with the consent of the participation for the participants in study. After receiving the feedback of the questionnaires, the data will be observed, analyzed, and resulted. Expected Results: More than 80% is expected to have knowledge that toothbrushing prevents caries and gingival bleeding, and bleeding gum indicates gum disease. More than 90% may show a positive attitude toward the importance of oral health and considered that it is as important as other systemic health. Around 90% of students are expected to have a positive attitude toward dental floss and mouthwash helps in keeping the teeth clean. More than 90% of students are expected to brush their teeth twice daily and around 50% of students are expected to visit dental clinic regularly for routine dental checkup. Conclusion: The present study will show significant knowledge, attitude, and practices regarding oral health among nursing students. Therefore, our study’s findings might fill the void and provide a sound basis for developing evidence-based oral health reinforcement programs to reduce the discrepancy in oral health knowledge, attitude, and practices.

The Design and Acceptability of a Hip Hop Themed Integrated Nutrition Math Curriculum for Minoritized 5th Grade Students Using the Multisensory Multilevel Health Education Model.

Digital technology creates new opportunities to design multisensory learning experiences. Evidence suggests that digital innovation can greatly benefit health education, including nutrition programs. The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted the education sector, forcing schools to modify standard practices from exclusively in-person delivery to online or blended learning. Digitalized curriculums became particularly useful as an Emergency Remote Teaching tool. This article focuses on developing and implementing a multimedia, multisensory, and scalable Hip-Hop Healthy Eating and Living in Schools (H.E.A.L.S.) Nutrition-Math Curriculum (NMC). NMC comprises 20 lessons-music-based multimedia resources used in the classroom or at home. Fourteen lessons represent self-directed online modules (asynchronous learning) hosted on a Learning Management System (LMS) called "Gooru." The remaining six lessons are teacher-facilitated (in person or using Zoom) review sessions (synchronous learning). The article discusses (1) the development of NMC through the lens of the Multisensory Multilevel Health Education Model (MMHEM), (2) the high acceptability of NMC evaluated using a mixed-methods design among minoritized fifth-grade students attending an after-school program, and (3) the students' completion and mastery rates of the NMC modules based on LMS data. Multimedia nutrition education programs integrated with common core curriculum content, such as NMC, may be a promising avenue for disseminating health education to minoritized children living in New York City and similar high fast-food density cities.