Mode Transformation Research Articles

In-situ Raman scattering study of nitrogen doped GeTe phase-change films

The N doping effect on the phase-change mechanism, as well as the chemical bonds evolution during crystallization process of nitrogen (N) doped GeTe (Nx(GeTe)1-x) have been investigated by in situ temperature-dependent Raman scattering experiments. The phase-change mechanism of Nx(GeTe)1-x and N doping effect have been discussed in detail by analysing the transformation of Raman vibration modes between amorphous and crystalline structures. The fraction of the tetrahedral species changes in such a way, namely Te-rich tetrahedra are being formed at the cost of Ge-rich tetrahedra during the phase-change process. Besides, the aforementioned structural rearrangements have taken place even in amorphous phase (below crystallization temperatures).

Grounding electrode line fault location method based on simulation after test and deduction

• Fault characteristics of the grounding electrode line are weak. • Fault location by injecting signals into the line. • The initial pulse signal is eliminated after linear mode transformation. • Using simulation after test and deduction to obtain fault distance. • No need to calibrate the arrival time of the wave head. When a high-voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission system with the grounding electrode line (GEL) is in the balanced operation mode, the unbalanced current in the GEL and the neutral potential of the system are extremely small. In the GEL, after a fault incident, the additional fault component will be small, and fault characteristics will be weak. As the traditional passive fault location methods are challenging to apply, a GEL fault location method based on simulation after test and deduction (SATD) is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the pulse signal is injected into the GEL. Then, the mutation point of the pulse response signal is projected along the line to form a virtual fault point matrix. Based on the mentioned matrix, the fault location function is constructed, and the fault distance is obtained by the catastrophe point of the function. In this method, the bottleneck of precisely identifying the traveling wave (TW) arrival time in the time domain is broken, and the automated single-ended TW location of the GEL can easily be implemented. Many real time digital simulator (RTDS) tests validate the high accuracy and strong robustness of the method.

Evaluation of China’s Rural Industrial Integration Development Level, Regional Differences, and Development Direction

The report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China first proposed the strategy of rural revitalization. This proposal constitutes a major strategic deployment for work related to “agriculture, the countryside and farmers” based on China’s national and agricultural conditions and scientific analysis of the new problems faced by agricultural and rural reform in the new era. China’s agricultural development is facing multiple challenges, such as market competition, resource scarcity, environmental constraints, labor exodus, and technological innovation. Additionally, China’s agricultural production is inefficient, farmers’ income is low, and the hollowing out of the countryside has further intensified. To address these challenges, the Party Central Committee made the major decision to implement the rural revitalization strategy, and governments at all levels have introduced a series of policies to support agriculture. However, with the rapid advancement of industrialization and urbanization, the proportion of agricultural output to the total output of the national economy and the proportion of the agricultural labor force to the social labor force are not decreasing, and the idea of seizing the opportunities offered by agriculture is no longer able to solve the current dilemma faced by agricultural and rural development. Expanding the function of agriculture and actively docking with the industry and the service industry are a major strategic initiative for actively adapting to the new normal of economic development. They also represent major innovative thinking to accelerate the transformation of the agricultural development mode. Only when industries are prosperous can rural revitalization have a strong material foundation. To achieve industrial prosperity, industrial integration is the key. Therefore, the realization of rural industrial revitalization must take the path of industrial integration and development. At present, research on rural industrial integration is limited to the local regions, such as provinces and cities, and analysis at the level of national rural industrial integration is lacking. Accelerating the integrated development of rural industries is key to promoting rural revitalization. This paper scientifically establishes an evaluation index system for the level of rural industrial integration development based on five related aspects: society, the economy, resources, facilities, and the environment. Factor analysis is used to reduce the dimensionality of the evaluation index system, and cluster analysis is used to classify the rural industrial integration development level of each province in China into different tiers. The results show that there are obvious regional differences in the levels of rural industrial integration development in China. The provinces and cities with development levels that are higher than average (i.e., scores ranging from 0.291 to 0.915) are concentrated in the eastern coastal areas and inland riverine areas. In contrast, those with development levels that are lower than average (i.e., scores ranging from −0.504 to −0.750) are concentrated in Northern China, the northeastern noncoastal areas and northwestern areas. In addition, provinces can be divided into five development tiers of rural industrial integration. Based on this information, national, provincial, and municipal improvement strategies are proposed to address the differences in development among and the prospects for each province, and to effectively promote the integration of rural industries in China.

Risk analysis and countermeasures of TBM tunnelling over the operational tunnel

To study the risk and control countermeasures of the TBM tunnel construction adjacent to the operational railway tunnel, based on the TBM tunnel project of Chongqing Rail Transit Line 5, this paper first evaluates the quality health degree of the operational tunnel lining (OTL) structure according to the on-site structural inspection. Then, the displacement, internal force, and proximity influence scope influenced by the metro TBM tunnel construction are studied using numerical simulation. Finally, the corresponding control countermeasures are proposed. The results show that: (1) The adjacent construction of the upper TBM tunnel will lead to the uplift deformation trend of the lower operational tunnel, and the uplift deformation of the vault is greater than that of the ballast bed. The influence scope is roughly a parallelogram, with the long axis parallel to the operational tunnel and the short axis parallel to the new TBM subway tunnel. (2) TBM tunnelling over the operational tunnel will cause the transformation of the mechanical mode of the OTL structure from the small eccentric compression mode to the large eccentric compression mode. The OTL structure between the left and right lines of TBM is unfavorable. (3) The longitudinal curve of the bending moment and axial force of the OTL fluctuates greatly within the influence range. The bending moment and axial force are reduced in operational tunnel construction joints. Based on field evaluation and numerical analysis, this paper puts forward some risk control countermeasures, such as TBM tunnelling parameters control, pea-gravel backfilling, backfill grouting, and bottom grouting, which can effectively solve the risk of the operational tunnel structure in the adjacent construction. This study has important reference value for risk control and safety assessment of tunnel in complex adjacent tunnel construction.

AI-RPA's Enabling and Supporting Role in Jingdong Group's Financial Processes

With the acceleration of the process of digital transformation in the financial industry, improving the quality of service, reducing costs and increasing efficiency have become the primary appeal of banking enterprises. AI-RPA technology has an increasingly significant influence on global economic growth. It has a wide coverage and can be complemented by most financial industries, which greatly saves manpower and increases revenue. Jingdong RPA is a typical success story. This paper mainly studies the technical advantages and operation mode of the Jingdong RPA robot and uses specific scenarios to discuss the role and effect of the RPA robot in finance, logistics, service and other aspects of Jingdong under this operation mode. Therefore, it can be concluded that, on the one hand, it improves the information and automation management level of the financial department of the company, and helps the company to deeply reduce costs and increase efficiency; on the other hand, it ensures the smooth and safe operation of the whole system. JingdongRPA provides a reference for the development of artificial intelligence technology and the transformation of the operation mode of other companies.

Analysis on the Management Measures of University Scientific Research Funds under the Background of "Delegation, Regulation and Service

Under the background of "decentralization, management and service", with the transformation of the management mode of scientific research funds from supervision and management to supervision and management and standardized services, from the responsibility system of project leaders to the responsibility system of legal persons, from process control to results oriented, and from fine budget to lump sum budget, the focus of internal control of scientific research funds has also changed, from project level risk to unit level risk. How to better control the internal control of scientific research funds at present? This paper analyzes the effectiveness of comprehensive budget performance management on the internal control of scientific research funds, proposes to combine the assessment indicators of comprehensive budget performance management with the internal control risk points, guide the scientific research management departments and researchers to improve the internal control measures by completing the assessment indicators, so as to achieve the internal control objectives, and discusses the above situation with case method.

The failure of collaborative agglomeration: From the perspective of industrial pollution emission

The green transformation of economic growth mode is one of the keys to promote high-quality development. This paper starts with the collaborative agglomeration of manufacturing and producer services, demonstrates the impact of collaborative agglomeration on industrial pollution emission through theoretical analysis, and then uses panel data of 285 prefecture level cities in China from 2004 to 2019 to verify the relationship between them. The results show that collaborative agglomeration significantly increased industrial pollution emission, but the effect mainly existed in small and medium-sized cities, cities with more development zones, cities with provincial high-tech industrial parks and the observation range from 2009 to 2015. The results of subdividing producer services show that transportation, warehousing and postal services, finance, information transmission, computer services and software industries have intensified industrial pollution emission in the collaborative agglomeration with the manufacturing industry. Mechanism analysis shows that collaborative agglomeration fosters the city's “low-level innovation preference” and promotes the expansion of the number of enterprises characterized by the entry and extension of the duration of highly polluting enterprises. It objectively forms a “quantity-priority orientation”, thus increasing industrial pollution emission. The above conclusions mean that the development of urban industry at this stage should be based on quality and efficiency, rather than pursuing the disordered expansion of quantity. This paper provides beneficial policy implications for reducing local governments' blind behavior and awakening the awareness of environment-friendly economic growth.

Feasibility Study of China’s Carbon Tax System under the Carbon Neutrality Target—Based on the CGE Model

In order to cope with the climate problem of global warming and respond to the call of the United Nations to reduce carbon emissions, China has put the goals of carbon peaking in 2030 and carbon neutrality in 2060 forward and has promoted the transformation and upgrading of the economic development mode and the green, low-carbon development path. In international practice, various countries have widely adopted the carbon trading market and tax policy as effective carbon emission reduction mechanisms and tools. In 2012, China implemented a carbon trading pilot project and established a national unified carbon trading market in 2021 based on accumulated experience, but the carbon tax has not yet been introduced. According to the international carbon tax practice and the current situation in China, the introduction of the carbon tax is conducive to the establishment of a sound carbon emission reduction system and the promotion of green and low-carbon development from the macro-control level. In this paper, we analyzed the necessity and theoretical research of carbon tax policy in China and explored the feasibility of a carbon tax in China by combining the internationally advanced carbon tax practice. By establishing a CGE model at the carbon-tax level and using the social accounting matrix (SAM) as the database, we simulated the impact of implementing carbon tax policies under different carbon tax prices on China’s environmental and economic benefits and whether the double-dividend effect of a carbon tax can be effectively realized. The results show that the carbon tax will help reduce carbon emissions and significantly affect carbon reduction. However, in the short term, it has a negative effect on economic development. Accordingly, it is suggested that a scientific carbon tax system should be established according to national conditions, and a carbon tax should be introduced at a lower carbon tax price. The carbon tax should be supplemented by carbon tax subsidies to ensure effective carbon emission reduction so as to alleviate the inhibiting effect on economic development. At the same time, the compound carbon emission reduction mechanism of carbon trading and tax should be improved to lay the institutional foundation for the early realization of the carbon neutrality target.

Transformation du mode d’organisation vers un modèle autogéré : le cas de la Coopérative de solidarité Temps libre

Cette étude de cas se propose de retracer la transformation qu’a connue la Coopérative de solidarité Temps libre depuis sa création jusqu’à la mise en place progressive par ses membres d’un modèle d’organisation autogéré. Par cette enquête, nous tentons de comprendre de quelles façons les transformations et les pratiques autogérées observables à Temps libre remettent en question les théories sur les modes d’organisation des coopératives et peuvent contribuer à leur renouvellement à la fois théorique et pratique en économie sociale. Le travail de périodisation permet de suivre les changements sur le plan tant des valeurs et des idées que des outils et des pratiques d’autogestion. Nous avançons que cette transformation n’inclut pas la création de pratiques inédites, mais plutôt un changement progressif vers un modèle autogéré, jalonné d’une succession de découvertes et d’apprentissages.

Research on the implementation of 1+X Certificate System in Vocational Education reform

Since February 2019, “National Vocational Education Reform implementation program” sounded the 1+X certificate system reform horn. The 1+X certificate system is an innovative design to promote the transformation of the talent training mode in vocational education. It impels the reform of the type development of vocational education, and it is also related to the promotion of the overall quality of talents in the future and the establishment of the economic modernization system in our country. In the view of the fuzzy-conflict theory, this paper reflects the causes of the present situation with the established ought-to-be model of policy implementation, and obtains the causes of the present situation by grasping the overall development direction. At present, the problems of resource passivity, planning backwardness and insufficient function lead to the suspension of reform, and the difficulty of path dependence is difficult to surmount. In order to Kalanchoe pinnata the floating 1+X certificate system, this paper combines the practice patterns and their causes to return to the three dimensions of resources, planning and function, based on the relationship between top-level design and bottom-level promotion, concept remolding and action breakthrough, supply optimization and demand matching, to construct the 1+X certificate system, which is coordinated from top to bottom, internal and external, left and right, to optimize the implementation practice strategy system.

Analysis on the Transformation of University Auditing Mode Under the Environment of Big Data and Cloud Computing

The advent of the era of big data and cloud computing has prompted great changes in many fields of society. Especially in my country's financial audit industry, the application of advanced technologies such as big data and cloud computing has promoted the quality of traditional audit work change. As far as university auditing is concerned, the original auditing mode has undergone important changes. Therefore, in order to ensure the quality of auditing work, the financial department of universities must take effective measures to strengthen the auditing effect. Based on the background of big data and cloud computing environment, this paper starts from the disadvantages of carrying out audit work in colleges and universities under the traditional audit mode, discusses the transformation needs of college audit work in the new environment, and finally proposes the transformation of college audit mode in the environment of big data and cloud computing action.

Optimization Logic and Paradigm Construction of Digital Transformation of Technical Skill Training Model under the Perspective of Social Media Communication and Intelligent Natural Language Integration

Research has shown that social media can help students learn. Through a variety of different social platforms, teachers can work with students to integrate social media into their daily instruction to make lessons more interesting and engaging and increase student engagement. With the rise of Metaverse, Artificial Intelligence, Blockchain, New generation communication technology, Brain interface and other intelligent technologies, especially the application of shared media communication and intelligent natural language system, human society has undergone profound changes in production and lifestyle. The digital economy will lead to systematic changes in the concept, mode and governance system of talent training, and the numerical transformation of education training mode, especially the training of technical skills, is imperative. Although some studies try to discuss the construction of intelligent ecology of vocational education, there is a lack of verified scientific theories and practical experience on the implementation path of digital transformation of vocational education. To address this theme, this paper follows the main line of the path of development background, realistic dilemma, hierarchical features, logical framework and paradigm construction of digital transformation of vocational education, and systematically elaborates the great differences between traditional economy and digital economy as the supply base of vocational education development on the basis of full research on the development of digital industry, digital technology and digital education at home and abroad, clarifies the development features including operation mode, strategic direction and value It also focuses on the logical framework of vocational education with industrial chain as the core, innovation chain as the leader, talent chain as the support and education chain as the foundation, analyzes the importance of social communication and natural language intelligent changes in the process of technical skills talents, and explores the practical path of building a vocational education talent training model that is compatible with the intelligent era.

基于能值分析评估现代农牧循环系统的构建与优化

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 基于能值分析评估现代农牧循环系统的构建与优化 DOI: 10.5846/stxb202112133528 作者: 作者单位: 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: 江苏省自然科学基金项目(BK20190169);苏州市社会科学基金项目(决策咨询类)(J2022LX007);苏州市科技计划项目(ST202228) Evaluation on construction and optimization of modern agro-pastoral circular system based on emergy analysis Author: Affiliation: Fund Project: The Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (Grant No. BK20190169); The Social Science Foundation of Suzhou City (Grant No. J2022LX007); Science and Technology Planning Project of Suzhou City (Grant No. ST202228) 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:发展现代循环农业有助于推动农业生产方式高质量转型,是实现农业可持续发展的重要路径之一。但生产经营者在构建循环农业系统的过程中,因缺乏精确的参数测算,常存在投入产出不明、循环效率偏低、整体评估缺乏等问题,导致现代循环农业系统的物能高效运转面临阻碍。以江苏省太仓市东林村的现代农牧循环系统为对象,在四维时空尺度上界定系统边界并绘制能流图,全面梳理了案例系统全年运转过程中的投入与产出项目。现代"草-羊-田"农牧循环全系统由粮食种植、饲料加工、湖羊养殖与羊粪堆肥4个亚系统构成。通过模拟亚系统逐步结合、系统循环与优化调控的演进过程,采用能值分析方法对农牧系统不同构建阶段的亚系统与全系统的能值投入产出和结构进行定量评估与对比研究。结果表明,在农牧系统产业链逐步构建直至循环生产的过程中,全系统的总能值投入随各亚系统的扩增而有明显增加,系统的物能内部流通率逐渐升高。随后,以废弃物的系统内部消纳为目标,通过强化亚系统间的耦合对现状循环进行优化调控,系统所需的总能值投入有大幅减少,且各亚系统对本地资源的利用程度有明显提升。实证研究定量评估了现代农牧循环系统构建与优化过程中的能值投入与资源利用状况,为系统的高效循环运行提供参数支持,可为循环农业系统的科学构建与模式的复制推广提供精准指导。 Abstract:Developing modern circular agriculture is helpful to promote the high-quality transformation of agricultural production mode in China, which is one of the important ways to realize agricultural sustainable development. However, when the agricultural production operators applied the circular agriculture model to the particular system construction, there often occurred problems such as unknown input and output, low circulation efficiency and lack of overall evaluation, which led to obstacles for the efficient operation and material-energy utilization of modern circular agriculture systems. In this study, the modern "straw-sheep-cropland" agro-pastoral circular system of Donglin Village in Jiangsu Province was selected as the research object, due to its typical representativeness in the research of modern circular agriculture. The whole system consisted of 4 subsystems as cereal cropping, feed producing, sheep raising and manure composting. On the four-dimensional spatial-temporal scale, the system boundary was defined by drawing the emergy flow diagram. Hence the input and output items of the case system were comprehensively sorted out covering the entire year operation. On this basis, aiming to simulate the gradual progress of subsystems combination, system circulation and optimal regulation, 4 development stages were set as the separate cropping and raising, the connective cropping and raising (by producing or composting), the present circular, and the optimized circular. Then, the emergy input-output and structure of subsystems along with the whole system in different stages were quantitatively evaluated and comparatively studied by emergy analysis. The results showed that the gross emergy input of the feed production subsystem was the largest among 4 subsystems at the present circular stage, as its designed production scale needed a large amount of corresponding resources such as purchased straw to be invested. Meanwhile, unit emergy value of mutton from the sheep raising subsystem was the highest due to its role of consumer in the ecosystem. During the gradual process of constructing the industrial chain of the agro-pastoral system step by step until circulating production, the gross emergy input of the whole system increased obviously with the augmentation of subsystems, so did the internal circulation rate of material-energy with the development of the system construction. Subsequently, targeted at intra-system absorption of waste, the present circular system was optimally regulated by strengthening the coupling level between subsystems. At the optimized circular stage, system required lower gross emergy input and consumed less external economic resource, which demonstrated a better low emergy consumption characteristic. And the recycling of planting and breeding waste as well as self-sustaining production within the system resulted in significant enhancement of local resources utilization degree in each subsystem. In the meantime, unit emergy values of effective products and by-products produced at this stage all increased, which was mainly on account of the higher emergy level for driving the circulating operation of the system by adding extra material, energy and information. This study quantitatively evaluated emergy input and resource utilization during the construction and optimization process of modern agro-pastoral circular system based on empirical study, which could not only provide parameter support for efficient circulating operation of the system, but also supply accurate guidance for scientific system construction and replicated model promotion of circular agriculture. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献

Exploration on the cultivation of innovative talents in the course of chemistry teaching

Cultivating innovative talents to meet the needs of professional development is an urgent mission of higher education institutions under the situation of “Double First-Class” construction. As one of the foundations of science and technology major, chemistry courses play an essential role in promoting an innovative spirit, cultivating creative consciousness, and improving creative ability. This paper discussed the optimization of the curriculum system, the construction of the teaching mode, and the transformation of the cultivation mode of chemistry courses in engineering majors from the aspects of curriculum design, theoretical teaching, experimental teaching, and out-of-class training. Through cultivating innovation consciousness in theory and experimental teaching, and improving innovation ability in extra-curricular practical education, we hope to bring a positive effect on the reform of the cultivation mode of innovation ability in the teaching process of chemistry courses in engineering colleges and universities.

Analysis of Regional Scenarios of New Epidemic Waves of SARS-CoV-2 Coronavirus Based on Equations with a Deviating Argument and Damping Functions

The methods we develop within the framework of transient technical process modeling are adaptable to the tasks of biophysics—both to the prediction of invasions of aggressive species and to the analysis of the dynamics of epidemics. The practical application of modeling results to predict the development of the modern pandemic in 2020 has shown the fundamental limitations of the basic methods of model building. Based on an analysis of the properties of the deterministic SIRS model, it has not been possible to present the variety of forms that the regional dynamics of coronavirus spread has taken. The characteristics of the epidemic process do not remain constant, as a variable pathogen evolves competitively. The phenomena since the outbreak of COVID-19 have proven to be much more complex than the naturally fading waves of pandemic influenza strains as immunity accumulates. The development of a scenario approach to the analysis of individual epidemic situations is promising, taking into account the logic of the evolution of the pathogen and adaptation to the peculiarities of its spread in local populations. We performed an analysis of the available data in terms of oscillation forms to get an idea of the real qualitative diversity of local wavelike dynamics of the epidemic of coronavirus strains and identify some special development scenarios described as a catastrophic cycle breakdown on the basis of the known phase-portrait transformations. Applying a bifurcation approach to the epidemic data, we were able to identify features of local forms of oscillatory epidemic processes. We classified the observed phenomena of outbreaks and attenuation of coronavirus infection waves by correlating the dynamics of epidemics with nonlinear effects. We derived scenarios for a number of epidemic situations (in Brazil, New York, and Japan) using lagged equations. It is shown on the basis of comparison of specific situations that the dynamics of epidemics evolve diversely and variably at the current stage according to the internal unpredictable logic of the confrontation process, which is determined by the rate of change in the joint evolution of the virus and population immunity, including the previously formed T-cell immunity. We were able to analyze variants of COVID-wave transformations in lagged equations using the idea of distinguishing bifurcation-inducing parameters. It is substantiated that all nonlinear effects and transformations of oscillatory modes, isolated by epidemic plots, cannot in principle be obtained within a single model. Comparative scenario analysis supports the hypothesis that epidemic processes are primarily influenced by population immunity and contact density. Vaccination has failed to complete the emergence of new waves of infections, but clearly affects the properties of local oscillatory regimes of disease incidence. Experience with new outbreaks of COVID-19 in 2023 in Sweden, New Zealand, Japan, and South India with fundamentally different coping strategies showed that sustained population immunity blocking coronavirus transmission could not be achieved over the long term. Our assumed scenario for the end of the pandemic is the formation of four stable strains whose sporadic circulation in the regions is controlled by CD8+ T-cell immunity.

Impact of China’s Local Government Competition and Environmental Regulation on Total Factor Productivity

In the transition of China’s economy toward high-quality development, it will be increasingly important to coordinate the relationship between local government competition, environmental regulation, and the transformation of the economic growth mode. To explore the impact of local government competition and environmental regulation on total factor productivity (TFP), in this study empirical analysis models were established using panel data of 30 provinces in China from 2001 to 2017. Local government competition was measured from the perspectives of foreign direct investment (FDI), fiscal expenditure, and tax. The results show that local government competition has a positive impact on the improvement in TFP. Taking environmental regulation into consideration, the impact of local government competition on TFP is weakened. Furthermore, under the current intensity of environmental regulation, local government fiscal expenditure competition and tax competition both lead to improvement in TFP, while FDI competition has the opposite effect. This paper explores the heterogeneity of the impact of local government competition and environmental regulation on TFP under different local government competition levels. Under the influence of environmental regulations, local government FDI competition has a negative impact on the improvement in TFP, particularly in “low” FDI competition areas. Local government fiscal expenditure competition has a positive impact on the improvement in TFP, particularly in “low” fiscal expenditure competition areas. The current level of local government tax competition has a negative impact on the improvement in TFP in “high” tax competition areas, whereas it has a positive impact on the improvement in TFP in “low” tax competition areas.

Detailed analysis of nucleation and subsequent δ to γ phase transformation of a high N super austenitic stainless steel

Super austenitic stainless steel (SASS) is widely used in extreme environments due to its excellent corrosion resistance and mechanical properties, and a feature of this grade is its relatively high nitrogen content. As valuable tools to study the solidification process and phase transformation, high temperature confocal microscopy (HTCM) and thermal analysis methods, such as differential thermal analysis (DTA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), have been widely reported in the investigation of SASS. However, the inherent limitations of these two techniques make it difficult to explain the complex solidification behaviors of SASS, which involves multiple phases. Here, a unique design of HTCM-DTA was employed to investigate the nucleation and subsequent phase transformation of SASS. This in-house build apparatus enables contemporaneous in-situ observation of the surface and thermal analysis of the bulk thermal events. Using the novel HTCM-DTA device, we systematically revealed the four solidification modes of SASS and analyzed them in detail through thermodynamic arguments and multiple sets of experimental data under different conditions: (a) bimodal solidification with solid-state phase transformation, (b) bimodal solidification with liquid-state phase transformation, (c) pseudo-bimodal solidification, and (d) unimodal solidification. By comparing with the findings of earlier studies, the limitation of spatiotemporal separation employing HTCM and thermal analysis methods was pointed out. The results suggest that both the shielding gas and the time of retaining in the liquid state affect the N content in the melt, leading to a change of the primary nucleation phase. The cooling rate not only affects the undercooling and microstructure but also the transformation stage of δ-ferrite to γ-austenite, and when the phase transformation occurs in the liquid state it is usually accompanied by recalescence. These insights contribute understanding required for adjusting the continuous casting process of high nitrogen alloys. • In-situ observations on surface and thermal analysis of the bulk in parallel. • Solidification mode and phase transformation highly depend on shielding gas. • Four different solidification modes of S31254 were found and analyzed in detail. • The recalescence phenomenon was observed and analyzed frame by frame. • C.R. and t L influence the solidification behavior.

Teaching Reform of Finance and Economics Colleges--A Case of Shandong Technology and Business University

Higher education institutions in finance and economics in China bear the responsibility of cultivating high-quality financial workers with new thinking, digitalization, compound, innovative, and applied abilities for society in order to meet the needs of industrial change, commercial innovation, and production mode transformation in the new economy. This article takes Shandong Technology and Business University as an example, to explore the path of teaching reform and innovation in finance and economics colleges from three aspects: innovating traditional teaching models, strengthening entrepreneurship education, and implementing practical teaching links.

Research on the Space Language of LOFT Mode Design in the Reconstruction of Old Buildings

With the rapid development of China's economy, the industrial structure of industry is undergoing tremendous changes. There are many idle old industrial buildings. In the field of its transformation planning, LOFT is being used more and more widely. This paper mainly studies the LOFT mode and the overview of the old building space, the influencing factors of the old building space transformation, and the LOFT mode transformation of the old building space.

Model experimental study on the failure mechanisms of a loess-bedrock fill slope induced by rainfall

Large-scale gully land consolidation projects have been implemented on the Loess Plateau of western China. These projects have formed a large number of fill slopes, which are prone to failure induced by rainfall. However, the failure mechanisms of the loess-bedrock fill slope, especially the influence of the weak interlayer between the loess fill and bedrock on slope failure, are not clear. In this study, a laboratory flume model experiment was carried out to investigate rainfall infiltration processes and failure mechanisms of a loess-bedrock fill slope induced by rainfall. The volumetric water content, pore water pressure, wetting front migration, and deformation characteristics of the slope were analyzed to reveal the effects of the weak interlayer on slope failure. The results show that rainfall-induced failure of loess-bedrock fill slope exhibited characteristics of mode transformation, initiated by the local failure of the slope toe and gradually transforming into a multi-stage rotational slide-earthflow and gully erosion with continued rainfall. The maximum migration rate of the wetting front in the weak interlayer is about 3 times that in loess fill, occurring in the weak interlayer within a depth of 0.64 m (about 16 m in the prototype). The preferential flow formed in the weak interlayer accelerated the saturation of the fill slope and generated seepage force towards the outside of the slope, which makes the upper fill slope more prone to shear failure along the weak interlayer. These results provide a theoretical basis for preventing or mitigating related risks associated with gully land consolidation projects on the Loess Plateau.