This paper presents a new distributed control system used in torque rheometer. It can overcome shortcomings in traditional control system of torque rheometer and optimize overall performance of the system. The measurement and control system was designed by modeling method. The enhanced PID control algorithm and integration separation digital PID control algorithm were adopted to improve dynamic response characteristics. The Modbus communication protocol was selected as data link layer protocol of communications network. The monitoring software was developed by Visual Basic. A large number of experiments demonstrate that the stability of system is improved greatly and maintenance and extension of instrument become easier.