Communication Modalities Research Articles

Bernstein’s theoretical – empirical dialectic as a methodological basis for uncovering the social relations of pedagogic communication about family–school partnerships in the initial teacher education curriculum

ABSTRACT This paper demonstrates how the orientation of trainee teachers to messages relayed about an aspect of practice can be specified if a dialectic is kept between the theoretical and the empirical, in accordance with principles developed by Basil Bernstein. Bernstein’s methodology has the capacity to establish subtle understandings of how practices are recognized by exposing the different constellations of social relations structuring modalities of pedagogic communication. Practices designed for use during initial teacher education (ITE) to encourage trainees to commit to development of family–school partnerships (FSP) are used to illustrate the utility of Bernstein’s approach. The message ITE providers relay about FSPs has a direct bearing on trainees’ knowledge, competences, values, and attitudes. How they recognize the legitimate message relayed has implications for their future practice. ITE providers should be concerned with identifying the social relations of pedagogic communication to determine whether a mode exists that will increase the likelihood of trainees adopting practices that make the establishment of FSPs more likely. The origins and originality of Bernstein’s work is discussed and examples from research on FSPs are embedded into his methodology to illustrate how it serves as a framework with which to inform the design of ITE curricula.

Birth Doula Care in California During COVID-19: The Impacts of Social Distancing on a High-Touch Helping Profession.

Birth doulas were deemed “non-essential” personnel during the COVID-19 pandemic and were generally excluded from attending hospital births in person. This study documents the impacts of pandemic-related contextual factors on birth doula care in the San Francisco Bay Area, examines how doulas adapted their services, and explores implications for policy and practice. We employed a contextually bound qualitative case study methodology driven by social action theory and conducted interviews with 15 birth doulas. The pandemic disrupted physical settings, the social environment, communication modalities, contractual arrangements, and organizational level factors. The historical context also amplified awareness of institutionalized racism in birth settings and highlighted birth doulas’ advocacy role. Striking deficits exist in birth doulas’ integration into US healthcare systems; this made their services uniquely vulnerable to the pandemic circumstances. Birth doulas’ value ought to be more formally recognized within health policy, health insurance, and hospital systems as complementary care to that provided by medical providers to improve access to high-quality perinatal care.

Virtual Audience Providing AI-Generated Emotional Reactions to Enhance Self-Disclosure in Self-Introduction

The ambiguity of online text communication coming from the lack of audiences’ social cues often causes misunderstanding, which arouses a negative image of the message sender. Likewise, message senders feel social anxiety about whether their intentions are properly conveyed, or whether their messages may not sound offensive or impolite in communicating with text such as writing a self-introduction letter. In this paper, we design and develop a messaging assistant (Emoware) prototype which visualizes the audience’s predicted emotions to motivate the message sender to reveal more information. We conducted a user study comparing Emoware to plain text interface with 56 participants and found that Emoware positively affects writing by improving users’ self-disclosure intention, social support, and self-disclosure. This study contributes to overcoming the limitations of text modality in online communication.

Tic, Tii and Trii calls: advertisement call descriptions for eight glass frogs from Colombia and analysis of the structure of auditory signals in Centrolenidae

ABSTRACT In anurans, vocalisations are the main behavioural modality of communication. Hence, the description of acoustic signals in anurans is important for understanding many aspects of their biology. We describe for the first time the advertisement calls for eight glass frog species (Centrolene antioquiensis, ”Centrolene” robledoi, Nymphargus caucanus, N. chami, N. ignotus, N. rosada, N. spilotus, Sachatamia orejuela) and provide additional data on the recently described advertisement calls of Espadarana audax. In addition, we review the current knowledge of advertisement calls for all glass frog species (Centrolenidae). Based on the predominant temporal and the spectral structure, we identified three major types of calls in the family: 1) calls consisting of unpulsed short notes with amplitude modulation, similar to a ‘Tic’, 2) calls consisting of one long note (whistled) without amplitude modulation, similar to a ‘Tii’ and 3) calls consisting of pulsed or pulsatile notes, similar to a ‘Trii’. We mapped these acoustic characters in the context of the evolutionary history of Centrolenidae. Descriptions presented here offer evidence to recognise most centrolenid calls using measurable characters in the field or laboratory. As such, we hope to stimulate future studies based on bioacoustical analysis in this widespread and highly diverse Neotropical clade.

Revisiting Provider Communication to Support Team Cohesiveness: Implications for Practice, Provider Burnout, and Technology Application in Primary Care Settings.

Background Effective team communication is an essential aspect of care delivery and the coordination of patients in primary care settings. With the rapid evolution of health information technology (HIT), including the implementation of electronic health records, there remains a gap in the literature about preferred methods of primary care team communication and the subsequent impact of provider and team outcomes (e.g., team cohesiveness; burnout). This study explores the impact of varying modes of communication across provider disciplines and by geographic settings during primary care delivery. Methods We used a cross-sectional survey design to collect data from a random convenience sample of PCPs (physicians, nurse practitioners, and physician assistants) (n = 314) in New York State (NYS). We mailed a paper survey with validated measures for communication methods, team cohesiveness, and provider outcomes (burnout, job dissatisfaction, and the intention to leave position). Descriptive statistics, linear regression models, and crude and adjusted odds ratios while controlling for individual and practice characteristics were calculated. Results In-person communication was found to yield greater job satisfaction and less intention to leave current position in the next year (p=0.02) compared to other forms of communication including electronic health record features. The odds of job satisfaction was 1.51 times higher with in-person communication (OR: 1.51, 95% CI: 1.05, 2.19), and the odds of intending to leave a position was 45% less with in-person communication (OR: 0.55, 95% CI: 0.36, 0.85). The odds of reporting burnout at work was 36% less with in-person communication (OR: 0.64, 95% CI: 0.43, 0.92) compared to other communication modalities. There was no significant association between team communication via the EHR and team cohesiveness, provider burnout, or job satisfaction. Conclusion This study demonstrates evidence that in-person communication is more likely to reduce burnout and job dissatisfaction compared to other forms of communication infrastructure in primary care settings. More research is needed to understand PCP perspectives about the functionality and potential burden that inhibits the use of EHR features for provider-provider communication. In addition, attention to the needs of teams by geographic location and by workforce discipline is warranted to ensure effective HIT communication application adoption.

However Long the Night: Making Meaning in a Time of Crisis ed. by Annmarie Sanders

Reviewed by: However Long the Night: Making Meaning in a Time of Crisis ed. by Annmarie Sanders Br. Patrick Sean Moffett, CFC However Long the Night: Making Meaning in a Time of Crisis. Ed. Annmarie Sanders, IHM. Leadership Conference of Women Religious, 2018. Pp. 184. $14.99. The cover makes explicit the kerygma of the text: However Long the Night, Making Meaning in a Time of Crisis, A Spiritual Journey of the Leadership Conference of Women Religious (LCWR), The story of how an organization found an alternate, contemplative way of working through impasse. Edited by Sr. Annmarie [End Page 217] Sanders, IHM, the testimony of the sister protagonists in this most unique journey merits recognition as documentation of a critical episode in the shared journey of our contemporary church. Many subscribers to Review for Religious would have awaited and then welcomed the report when it was first issued in 2018. Review for Religious, meanwhile, was in its dormant period. This review chronicles the book's place in the emerging story of religious life in the post-Vatican II era. On April 18, 2012, in the Vatican offices of the Congregatio Pro Doctrina Fidei, the Cardinal Prefect of the then-CDF presented to the officers of LCWR a Doctrinal Assessment of the Leadership Conference of Women Religious. The sisters were in Rome for their annual consultation with various Vatican congregations. Although there had been rumblings beginning in 2009, they had not anticipated the issuance of such a statement and were shocked to learn it had been made public. The entire text was posted on the United States Conference of Catholic Bishops website moments after its presentation. The headquarters of LCWR was inundated with requests from news agencies for comment. The Sisters, while still in Rome, decided on initial silence as they processed what was needed. They were deeply disturbed by encountering accusations of lack of faithfulness to the Church to whom they had committed their lives. The document contained obvious fallacies of fact, as well as interpretations, prejudices, and judgements from unnamed sources. However Long the Night makes clear the temptation to react was visceral. Nevertheless, communal discernment among membership, contemplation, and prayer, had become their core approach to all the major issues of the Conference. This would be no different. In the post Vatican II, pre-Francis era, LCWR had pursued a path of renewal guided by the Council document Perfectae Caritatis. They reported annually to what was the Vatican's Congregation for Institutes of Consecrated Life and Societies of Apostolic Life (CICLSAL, but post-June 2022 the Dicastery for Institutes of Consecrated Life and Societies of Apostolic Life). The religious congregations whose leadership they served, had followed the call to re-examine the charisms of their founders and intensify their faithfulness to Jesus Christ and the Gospel, the Church and her Mission, and to the women and men of today. Modalities of communication had become more open, styles of leadership more communal and less hierarchical. The practice of the virtue and vow of obedience involved deep personal and communal discernment. Listening attentively to each other, sharing insights, embracing diversity, contemplation, and communal invoking of the Spirit had become guideposts for their interactions. The CDF spoke a different language. In a clarification visit in June of 2012, LCWR's explanation of how they saw their organization and its ministry was reported by the Cardinal Prefect to a public news source as "a dialog with the deaf" (83, endnote 3). [End Page 218] Enter the story of Jacob and his night long struggle as a "God-wrestler." In contemplation, the sisters came to welcome the mandate as a gift they would have never sought but understood to be an invitation to a more integral engagement with the mystery of God. Reverence for the journey to which they had been summoned required respect for the office and persons who were the agents of the call. The media pressed for interviews, ever ready to advance stories of division, subplots of persecution, and hints of vendetta. Meanwhile, tens of thousands of letters of support and indignation along with a steady stream of financial contributions arrived. Clearly the sisters would have considerable public support were...

Certified Amplification: An Emerging Scientific Norm and Ethos

AbstractMerton envisioned his norms of science at a time when peer-reviewed journals controlled scientific communication. Technologies for sharing and finding content have since divorced the certification and amplification of science, generating systemic vulnerabilities. Certified amplification—a new Mertonian-styled norm—enjoins their recoupling and introduces a taxonomy of strategies adopted by institutions to close the certification-amplification gap, including the proportioning of the one to the other. Examples illustrating each taxonomic type collectively paint a picture of an ethos employing a rich range of certification and amplification techniques and emerging in a decentralized fashion across heterogeneous objects, communication modalities, and institutions.

Ratings of the physical attractiveness of an interaction partner after a getting‐acquainted interaction

AbstractThis study examined college students' judgments of the physical attractiveness of an interaction partner after a getting‐acquainted interaction, including in comparison with other benchmarks (e.g., an experimenter rating, a self‐rating). With data combined from several past laboratory studies, we found that participants (particularly women who were interacting with another woman) overall rated their interaction partner after a brief interaction to be more attractive than three benchmarks: (1) how the partners were judged by more neutral experimenters who had less interaction with them; (2) how the partners rated themselves; and (3) the participants' own self‐ratings of physical attractiveness. Evidence was found for a prediction derived from interaction appearance theory – ratings of the quality (enjoyment) of the interaction were positively associated with ratings of the partner's physical attractiveness. We also explored whether participants' ratings of the physical attractiveness of their interaction partner were affected by factors about the participant (own physical attractiveness, relationship status) and about the context of their communication (modality, type of get‐acquainted task). Despite prior work suggesting that physical attractiveness ratings of others are malleable depending on a host of other factors, personal and contextual variables considered in this study were generally not associated with how the participants rated the physical attractiveness of their interaction partner.

Development of the Questionnaire on Non-Driving Related Tasks (QNDRT) in automated driving: revealing age and gender differences

ABSTRACT Automated vehicles (AVs) enable driver-passengers to perform non-driving related tasks (NDRTs). However, it remains unclear if and how they would engage with NDRTs. Therefore, we developed a questionnaire on NDRTs, the QNDRT, for SAE Level 3 (L3) and 5 (L5) driving automation. It comprises 24 items with a general NDRT Work subscale querying general aspects of working while driving in an AV (8 items; L3: 4 items, L5: 4) and a specific NDRT Communication subscale assessing different communication modalities (16 items; L3: 8, L5: 8). Hence, we carried out a cross-sectional questionnaire study and queried 725 participants (351 female, 374 male) from 18 to 96 years. We applied factor analyses and extracted a stable unidimensional factor structure for both NDRT subscales with good psychometric properties (e.g. high and clear factor loadings; satisfactory communalities, item discrimination, and internal consistency). The initial findings revealed that significantly smaller values were assigned to both subscale factors by participants older than 55 years in contrast to younger ones and by women when compared to men. The QNDRT can be used in future (quasi-)experimental L3 and L5 studies and in population surveys to obtain more insight into working and communicating while driving in an AV.

When Text is Not Enough: The Processing of Text and Illustration for Emerging Medical Technologies

ABSTRACT Text and illustration are two common communication modalities that are used to facilitate public understanding of new medical technologies. However, little is known about how to effectively use text and illustrations in pairs. The effects of using different types of text and illustrations have not been clearly understood. We conducted three studies to examine the effects of displaying text (non-narrative versus narrative) and illustrations (syntactic versus semantic) as a pair on a number of important outcomes. Study 1 showed that when displayed as a pair in juxtaposition, different pairs of text and illustration did not vary uncertainty or attitudes but varied fear. Study 2 found that when displayed in sequential order, different pairs of text and illustrations caused different levels of risk perceptions but their effects on fear were not different. Study 3 replicated Studies 2 with an increased sample size and found both main and interaction effects of text and illustration types. Theoretical and practical implications were discussed.

Neuroscience Core Concepts: Implementation in Varied Courses at Varied Institution Types

Consensus core concepts are overarching principles that provide a framework for organizing facts and understanding in higher education curricula. Physiology educators have long benefitted from published core concepts in physiology (Michael and McFarland, 2011; Michael et al., 2017), but neuroscience core concepts were only recently developed (Chen et al., in press). The need for core concepts to structure neuroscience education is particularly pressing given the rapid expansion of neuroscience knowledge, programs, and curricula in recent years. The eight empirically‐developed, consensus neuroscience core concepts are labeled as communication modalities, emergence, evolution, gene‐environment interactions, information processing, nervous system functions, plasticity, and structure‐function. This presentation will review these neuroscience core concepts and demonstrate how they can be implemented in different courses (Human Anatomy and Physiology, Introductory Neuroscience, Advanced Neuroscience, Neuroethics, and Sensation and Perception), for different levels (non‐majors, lower‐division majors, upper‐division majors), and at different institution types (small liberal arts, large state institution).

ATA2022 Annual Conference & Expo May 1–3, 2022Boston, Massachusetts

ATA2022 Annual Conference & Expo May 1–3, 2022Boston, Massachusetts

On-Body Placement of Wearable Safety Promotion Devices Based on Wireless Communication for Construction Workers-on-Foot: State-of-the-Art Review.

High auditory noise levels and limited visibility are often considered among the main factors that hinder seamless communication on construction sites. Many previous research studies have leveraged technology to overcome these obstacles and communicate using the hearing, sight and touch senses. However, the technological efficacy does not secure the users’ perceptivity of the wireless communication devices. Statistical data regarding the number of fatal accidents on construction sites have remained steady despite regular efforts. This study analyzed prior research on wearable safety promotion devices for personnel that move around the jobsite on foot. A seven-point checklist was utilized to shortlist prior studies (2005–2021) attempting to provide safety information wirelessly to the construction workers-on-foot. The reasoning behind various on-body placements was investigated along with the information conveyed using the three communication modalities. A novel communication network is also introduced to visualize the technical details. Lastly, limitations and future recommendations have been presented to gain insights about the factors that might affect the placement of the wearable safety promotion devices.

Direct Speech-Language Intervention Effects on Augmentative and Alternative Communication System Use in Adults With Developmental Disabilities in a Naturalistic Environment.

Research involving the effects of augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) intervention in adults, especially in naturalistic settings, has been identified as a critical public health need. Despite rapid advances in high-tech AAC, many adults with developmental disabilities have experienced reduced access to assistive technology and AAC, which can function as a de facto environmental barrier to participation, for these individuals. As a means of decreasing barriers to participation, this study targeted skill increases in the operational, linguistic, social, and strategic use of AAC systems. This study used a preexperimental, single-case AB design to identify skill level changes in the operational, linguistic, social, and strategic use of their AAC system from baseline to the completion of intervention. The four adult participants with developmental disabilities and limited use of natural speech as a primary modality of communication were identified through a collaborative relationship between a communication sciences and disorder university program and a state-run adult day program for individuals who had aged out of the K-12 school system. Each participant received direct intervention in the four areas described across 7 weeks. Visual analysis and percent of nonoverlap of all pairs were used to identify changes in performance occurring between baseline and the conclusion of the intervention period. Results revealed increases across the specific skills, with individuals' variation across participants and target area. Out of 22 total goals targeted, strong effect sizes were observed for 10 goals and moderate effect sizes were observed for seven. Skill increases in the four areas of AAC system use can be achieved with direct intervention in adults with developmental disabilities and limited use of natural speech as a primary modality of communication. This approach also underscores the value of collaborations between university training programs, providers of adult services, and adult participants as a cost-effective strategy for service delivery.

Application of a pre-emptive question and answer platform to improve the level of satisfaction during family meetings in general medical wards

BackgroundA successful family meeting is key to family-centered care and may foster communication and improve the level of satisfaction of the family in terms of communication. In this study, we evaluated whether a proactive communication channel could improve the level of satisfaction of family members following a family meeting in a general medical ward setting.MethodsWe conducted a pre- and post-study to compare the level of satisfaction of a family with a family meeting before (N = 39) and after (N = 29) intervention in two general medical wards of a tertiary-care referral center. The intervention included a pre-emptive question and answer platform and a written response to family-raised queries in addition to a regular setting. Following each family meeting, family members were requested to fill a 10-item survey assessing their levels of satisfaction.ResultsThe characteristics of the family members in terms of demographics, education levels, and previous experiences with family meetings in the pre- and post-intervention groups were similar. The scores in all the items that indicated the level of satisfaction significantly improved after intervention. The overall score for satisfaction increased from 85 (interquartile range, 80–95) to 98 (interquartile range, 93–100; P < 0.001).ConclusionsCompared with conventional practice, the inclusion of a proactive communication platform along with a written response to raised queries as a part of family meetings improved the satisfaction levels of the family in terms of the content and process of the meeting in the general ward setting. Further studies are needed to delineate the optimal timing and use of such a communication modality.

Text Messaging as a Communication Modality to Promote Screening Mammography in Low-income African American Women.

IntroductionThough text messages are increasingly used in health promotion, the current understanding of text message-based interventions to increase screening mammography in low-income African American women is limited. This study aimed to assess the feasibility and acceptability of a text message-based intervention to increase screening mammography in low-income African American women.Materials and MethodsA 15-item, self-administered, paper-based survey on cell phone ownership, text messaging practices and preferences for future breast health information was administered to 120 female patients at an urban family medicine office. Descriptive analyses and demographic correlates of text messaging practices and preferences were examined. Results and DiscussionThe majority of respondents (95%) were cell phone owners of whom 81% reported texting. Prior receipt of a text message from a doctor’s office was reported by 51% of cell phone owners. Mammography appointment reminders were the most desired content for future breast health text messages. Age (≥ 70 years old) was found to have a significant negative relationship with text messaging practices and perceptions.ImplicationsThe use of text messages to promote mammography was found to be acceptable in this patient population. In addition to age, variables such as the frequency, timing and subject content of text messages also influence their acceptability.

Telemedicine in Southeast Asia: A Systematic Review.

Introduction: Telemedicine is an effective means of delivering health care in Southeast Asian (SEA) countries. This systematic review explored the use of telemedicine systems for delivering health care services in SEA countries during the past 10 years. Methods: Literature searches were conducted in PubMed, Embase, Medline, Global Health, and CENTRAL (Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials). The inclusion criteria were as follows: (1) studies published between 2010 and 2021; (2) study settings located in SEA countries; (3) articles published in English; and (4) availability of a full-text version of the article. Information was extracted and evaluated for each study based on quality and risk of bias. Results: Thirty-seven of 6,554 records were eligible for inclusion. Studies included based on percentage were descriptive (29.73%), cost-effective (8.11%), randomized controlled trials (5.41%), and mixed methods (2.7%). Teleophthalmology and teleconsultation were the major reasons for using telemedicine, representing 21.62% of all studies. A hub-and-spoke and store-and-forward models were used. Free messenger applications supported communication modalities in or out of the systems. Discussion: The COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) pandemic increased research studies on telemedicine, with most studies occurring in Singaporean hospitals (49%). Descriptive studies predominated, followed by retrospective and cross-sectional studies. Conclusions: Our findings demonstrated that telemedicine was a powerful tool. It is feasible, safe, effective, and less expensive than traditional methods. However, robust research is needed to fully investigate telemedicine systems in SEA countries.

Feasibility study of student telehealth interviews.

BackgroundThe COVID‐19 pandemic has led to medical students being taught remote clinical communication modalities (telephone and video). Junior students have not generally been included in this and have had less patient contact than previously. This study aimed to examine the feasibility from the junior student viewpoint of conducting both modalities of patient telehealth interviews.MethodsAn electronic questionnaire was used to discover Year 1 student reasons for their preferred modality after they had conducted one telephone and one video interview in pairs with a patient volunteer. Student views on the challenge and benefits of each were also sought.FindingsA total of 55 (32.7% of the cohort) responded, of whom 82% preferred video consultation, 75.6% of those stating being able to see their patient/partner was a key factor. About 5% preferred telephone interview, and 13% had no preference. Telephone interviews were perceived as the more challenging (40% versus 12.7%); however, challenge did not directly link with lack of comfort. There were some technical/connectivity issues with both modalities, and the telephone call system was more complex to set up. Turn‐taking was more difficult by telephone without visual cues.DiscussionThis is the first direct comparison study in junior medical students of real patient interviews by video or telephone. Students embraced the challenge and, although preferring video and finding telephone more challenging, valued each as an educational experience.ConclusionsTelehealth interviews with patients for junior students are feasible, give needed patient exposure, practical insights into remote modalities and consolidate communication skills learnt in the classroom.

A Qualitative Study of Caregiver Perspectives on Health Policy Discussions Initiated by Pediatricians.

Prior studies suggest that pediatricians believe discussing health policy issues with families is important. Caregiver preferences on these discussions, however, have not been examined. We explored circumstances in which caregivers may be receptive to discussing health policy issues with pediatricians. We conducted 26 semistructured interviews with mostly Black female caregivers at 3 urban academic pediatric primary care practices. Using both structured and open response questions, we explored 4 primary content areas: 1) caregivers' perspectives on discussing health policy issues in pediatricians' offices; 2) which health policy topics caregivers may prefer to discuss; 3) factors that render policy discussions in the clinic inappropriate to caregivers; and 4) which communication modalities caregivers prefer. Interview transcripts were coded and analyzed using content analysis. Themes that emerged from interviews included: 1) pediatricians are perceived as trusted information sources on health policy; 2) caregivers want to talk with pediatricians about children's health insurance policy changes; 3) time constraints are a barrier to health policy discussions; 4) caregivers prefer to discuss health policy topics during well-child visits; 5) caregivers want the option to opt-out of these conversations; 6) preferred modalities for communicating about health policy issues, including printed materials and health fairs or educational events. Caregivers expressed a satisfactory view of pediatricians discussing directly relevant health policy issues, including congressional debates on health insurance, in the primary care setting. Our findings highlight other caregiver preferences for engaging families in health policy discussions, including the timing of these conversations.

A Literature Review on Speech Recognition and Cyber Security Systems

Abstract: People use communication to convey their thoughts, ideas, and feelings, as well as to understand the feelings of others. It is a dynamic, methodical, adaptable, commercial and continuous process. Visual, text, spoken, written, gestural, and other modalities of communication are among them. These types can frequently be converted into other formats. When a person cannot understand or recognize the type of communication being used, this step becomes extremely crucial. The communication gap between the specially abled i.e. blind, deaf, mute or differently abled i.e. people with disorders like dyslexia, arthritis etc. and the rest of the world can be closed by converting to a form that the rest of the world understands. The paper that follows focuses mostly on Speech to Text conversion using Deep Learning Algorithms like LPC, MFCC, PLP which provides an innovative, real-time, natural, and user-friendly means of interacting with a computer that is more familiar to humans. The converted speech data can be made full duplex by transmitting the data to the cloud. Hence the converted speech data has to be sent to the cloud over a wireless channel. Thus, all converted data can be posted to the cloud over a wireless channel and retrieved by network clients and users in the network can retrieve them using a web application designed specifically for this purpose. Client in the network communicate utilizing the internet and website applications. Hence, they need to be secure and protected. This has necessitated the development of a robust data concealing method. To secure the messages generated by this system, it employs a dynamic approach to cryptography. The following paper provides an overview of the various methodologies mentioned. Keywords: Speech Recognition Algorithms (LPC, MFCC, PLP), Wireless Communication, Encryption, Decryption, ESP8266, Text To Speech, Cloud Computing.