Mobility Barriers Research Articles

An investigation of intrastate income disparities and regional convergence in Odisha

This study examines the intrastate income disparities in Odisha by evaluating the σ-convergence and absolute and conditional β-convergence in income per capita across the districts of Odisha over the time period from 1995–1996 to 2010–2011. Employing measures of σ-convergence (Gini coefficient and Theil inequality index) and β-convergence (absolute and conditional), it examines not only the intrastate income disparities but also if the poorer districts have been able to catch up with the richer ones. The results of σ-convergence indicate an increase in intrastate income disparities in Odisha since the beginning of the new century, which is largely attributed to within-division inequality. Ironically, Odisha has witnessed a rise in regional disparities in its period of boom and vice versa, indicating thereby that growth fails to create “trickledown effect.” The absolute β-convergence measure proves income divergence across the districts of Odisha. However, if the factors causing regional disparities like economic structure, institutional quality and spillover effects are controlled for, there is conditional convergence. Since the income divergence across districts is due to variations in their steady states, targeting investment toward promoting farm incomes in districts having lower steady-state levels may improve growth performance while reducing regional imbalance. Measures to ensure institutional quality and create greater inter-district interdependence through removal of mobility barriers may help the poorer districts catch up with the richer ones. Targeted efforts to ensure laggard districts to grow faster than the developed ones will help Odisha realize regional inequality narrowing effects within a reasonable time.

Effects of Mobile Platform on Female Engagement in MOBA Games

Previous research shows that fewer female players participate in competitive games than male players. However, it has been reported that there are more female than male players in King of Glory (KoG), one of the most popular multiplayer online battle arena (MOBA) games on the mobile platform in China. This study aims to investigate how KoG captures the interest of female players at a higher level than other games. We compared the game design of KoG with League of Legends (LoL), one of the most popular MOBA games on the PC platform. We followed up with a semi-structured interview study with 20 participants about their gameplay experiences on the two different platforms. Our analysis indicates that mobility, sociability, and lower barrier to entry are the main factors that drove female players to participate in KoG.

Dyadic, Self-Administered Cognitive Intervention for Healthy Older Adults: Participants’ Perspectives

ABSTRACT Dyadic, home-based wellness interventions may reach older adults with transportation, mobility, scheduling, and caregiving barriers. This qualitative study aimed to examine participants’ experiences with dyadic cognitive training. Participants (n = 14; age M = 74.36) completed self-administered, paper-and- pencil cognitive training where they took turns training one another. The dyads included spouses, friends, neighbors, and previously unfamiliar adults. Post- intervention interviews were analyzed. Individuals reported that intervention flexibility overwhelmingly contributed to their ability and willingness to participate in the program. Thus, dyadic format is accessible, flexible, and relatively low cost, and may be applicable to a variety of behavioral interventions in aging.

Analysis of the driving factors of U.S. domestic population mobility

There is a popular supposition that domestic population mobility in the United States has been steadily decreasing since the 1980s. However, some scholars believe the declining rate of American internal migration seems to have ‘slowed down’ obviously from 2007. This debate prompts us to quantitatively analyze the possible changes in migration patterns and the mechanisms of domestic population mobility. First, using empirical data of state-to-state migration, the paper quantifies American internal mobility and the evolution of migration patterns for the period from 2005–2015. Regional income disparities cannot explain the change in population migration patterns in the United States well. Then, the mobility barriers are estimated by an extended multilateral migration model that reveals a marked decrease in regional migration costs and an increase in individual rational choices, which are the critical factors in the structural changes in the migration pattern. Subsequently, we deconstruct the mobility barriers and indicate that in recent years, the human and natural environments had a great impact on population movement in the United States, such as the human development index, education grade, climate, cost of living index, house price index, and crime rate.

Hydrogen induced fast-fracture

One of the recurring anomalies in the hydrogen induced fracture of high strength steels is the apparent disconnect between their toughness and uniaxial tensile strength in identical hydrogen environments. Here we propose, supported by detailed atomistic and continuum calculations, that unlike macroscopic toughness, hydrogen-mediated tensile failure is a result of a fast-fracture mechanism. Specifically, we show that failure originates from the fast propagation of cleavage cracks that initiate from cavities that form around inclusions such as carbide particles. The failure process occurs in two stages. In stage-A, hydrides rapidly form around the roots of stressed notches on the cavity surfaces with hydrogen fed from the hydrogen gas within the cavity. These hydrides promote cleavage fracture with the cracks propagating at >100ms−1 until the hydrogen gas in the cavity is exhausted. Predictions of this hydrogen-assisted crack growth mechanism are supported by atomistic calculations of binding energies, mobility barriers and molecular dynamics calculations of the fracture process. Typically, cracks grow by less than 1 μm via this hydrogen-assisted mechanism and thus insufficient to cause macroscopic fracture of the specimen. However, this stage is then followed by a stage-B process where these fast propagating cracks can continue to grow, now in the absence of hydrogen supply, given an appropriate level of remote tensile stress. This is surprising because the fracture energy is now that of Fe in the absence of H and cleavage fracture requires opening tractions on the order of 15 GPa to be generated. Thus, fracture is usually precluded due to plasticity around the crack-tip. Here we show via macroscopic continuum crack growth calculations in a rate dependent elastic-plastic solid with fracture modelled using a cohesive zone that cleavage is possible if the crack propagates fast enough. This is because strain-rates at the tips of fast propagating cracks are sufficiently high for the drag on the motion of dislocations resulting from phonon scattering to limit plasticity. This combined atomistic/continuum model is used to explain a host of well-established experimental observations including (but not limited to): (i) insensitivity of the strength to the concentration of trapped hydrogen; (ii) the extensive microcracking in addition to the final cleavage fracture event and (iii) the higher susceptibility of high strength steels to hydrogen embrittlement. Importantly, we also show that the stage-A hydrogen-assisted fracture process only occurs in certain crystallographic orientations with crack-tip plasticity processes, such as twinning, blunting cracks in other orientations. This inhibits the fast-fracture mechanism in a macroscopic toughness on a polycrystalline material and thus explains the apparent contradiction between the hydrogen-assisted macroscopic toughness and tensile strength of steels.

Mobile Phones as a Medium of Mental Health Care Service Delivery: Perspectives and Barriers among Patients with Severe Mental Illness.

Background:The use of mobile phone technology to support various components of health care delivery (often referred to as mHealth) is on the rise. Little systematic information, however, is available on user felt needs and barriers to mHealth approaches among people with severe mental illness (SMI). Our objectives were to elicit user needs, preferences, and barriers to using mobile phones for health care service delivery among people with SMI.Materials and Methods:A cross-sectional study was carried out among 75 subjects with SMI between August 2017 and October 2017. All patients had a minimum illness duration of two years or more and a Global Assessment of Functioning score of less than 70. Information on user perspectives was elicited using a 10-item structured questionnaire, to assess mobile phone usage patterns, felt needs, barriers, and preferences, developed for use in patients with SMI.Results:Majority of the patients reported using mobile phones and were favorably disposed to mHealth approaches. Voice calls (n = 47, 62.7%) were the most preferred mode of service delivery. The most preferred service frequency was twice-weekly (n = 31, 41.3%), followed by once-weekly (n = 22, 29.3%). Majority (n = 47, 62.7%) reported no barriers to mobile phone usage, whereas 14 (18.6%) perceived a lack of necessity of mobile phones as a service delivery medium. Reminders about medication and appointments through mobile phones (n = 35, 46.6%) were the most felt needs, followed by crisis helplines (n = 27, 36.0%) and information about mental health services (n = 22, 29.3%).Conclusion:These findings support the use of mHealth approaches in resource-constrained settings and provide specific inputs to refine the modalities of mHealth service delivery.

Access to Transport Services and Participation in Traffic for People with Mental Health Diseases – Challenges to meet the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) to provide an overall inclusive Transportation System

Engineers and planners are always jointly responsible for the usability of their interventions. In the transport sector, universal design is a planning imperative to ensure that all user groups participate equally in traffic. Usually, only physical impairments are in the foreground. However, there is an ever-increasing group of people with psychological impairments. Mental health diseases, especially phobias, anxiety, and compulsory disorders, are one of the most prevalent diseases in industrial countries – one-year prevalence rates are estimated at 10 up to 15%. Although rules, regulations, policies and action plans have been established to create an overall inclusive transportation system, the needs of people with mental impairments are mostly not considered. At the same time, participation in traffic is important for people with mental impairments to satisfy their daily needs and to reach therapeutic institutions. In addition, social interaction and the mastery of every-day tasks strengthens self-confidence and supports the healing process. Not least for that reason, the UN SDGs have been formulated. By conducting an exploratory study, the behaviour and needs of people with phobias, anxiety and compulsory disorders and the effects on their participation in traffic were explored. The paper shows general aspects concerning the traffic behaviour of people affected in the course of the disease. Furthermore, different forms of mobility barriers for people with phobias, anxiety and compulsory disorders were identified, distinguishing between infrastructural barriers, social barriers and organisational barriers. As a result, several approaches to support the participation in traffic of people with phobias, anxiety and compulsory disorders, based on coping strategies used by the target group, are mentioned. In addition, the paper identifies potential future challenges in context with mobility trends, concerning the accessibility of the transportation system for affected people, as well as further research needs.

Mobilization practices for patients with burn injury in critical care

PurposePatients with burn usually undergo prolonged hospitalization due partially to the treatment of wounds and scars. Although the benefits of early mobilization are well-known in critical care patients, there are a lack of studies reporting mobilization practices and functional status for patients with burn. MaterialsClinical and physiotherapy data were daily collected, including ICU mobility scale (IMS) and reported barriers to mobilization therapy during a one-year period. At hospital discharge, the 6-min walking test (6MWT), Medical Research Council scale (MRCS) and handgrip strength test were applied to evaluate the patients’ functionality. ResultsOf the 74 patients admitted, 66% were placed on mechanical ventilation (MV). Mobilization therapy was administered in 67.2% of physiotherapy sessions, with passive mobilization being the most prevalent (53.2%) followed by active in-bed exercises (13.6%). Reported barriers for mobilization included hemodynamic instability followed by limited time for assistance. At hospital discharge, the 6MWD was 270(136) meters. A positive correlation was found between handgrip evaluation and 6MWD and a negative correlation with hospital length of stay. ConclusionsMobilization therapy of patients with burns in the ICU was characterized by a low mobility level during MV with a low functional status at hospital discharge.

Employee Mobility Barriers and Inventor Collaborativeness in Firms

Although robust inventor collaboration is known to enhance innovation in firms, relatively little is known about the drivers of inventor collaborativeness within firms. We posit that barriers to em...

High sulfate concentration enhances iron mobilization from organic soil to water

Widespread increases in iron (Fe) concentrations are contributing to ongoing browning of northern freshwaters, but the driver/s behind the trends are not known. Fe mobilization in soils is known to be controlled by redox conditions, pH, and DOC availability for complexation. Moreover, high sulfate concentrations have been suggested to constrain Fe in transition from soil to water, and declining sulfate deposition to have the opposite effect. We studied the effect of these Fe mobilization barriers in a microcosm experiment, applying high (peak S deposition) and low (present day) sulfate treatments and oxic versus anoxic conditions to boreal (O horizon) soil slurries. We hypothesized that anoxic conditions would favor Fe release. On the contrary we expected high sulfate concentrations to suppress Fe mobility, through FeS formation or by lowering pH and thereby DOC concentrations. Anoxia had positive effects on both Fe and DOC concentrations in solution. Contrasting with our hypothesis, Fe concentrations were enhanced at high sulfate concentrations, i.e. increasing acidity in high sulfate treatments appeared to promote Fe mobilization. Establishment of the basidiomycete fungus Jaapia ochroleuca in the oxic treatments 44 days into the experiment had a major impact on Fe mobilization by increasing total Fe concentrations in solution. Thus, anoxia and acidity, along with fungi mediated mobilization, were important in controlling Fe release from soil to the aqueous phase. While Fe is often assumed to precipitate as Fe(oxy)hydroxides in the transition from anoxic to oxic water in the riparian zone, Fe from anoxic treatments remained in solution after introduction of oxygen. Our results do not support reduced atmospheric S deposition as a driver behind increasing Fe concentrations in boreal freshwaters, but confirm the importance of reducing conditions—which may be enhanced by higher soil temperature and moisture—for mobilization of Fe across the terrestrial-aquatic interphase.

Analyzing the driving and dragging force in China’s inter-provincial migration flows

In China, the evolution of inter-provincial migration patterns is from policy orientation to individual selection and hotspot attraction during 1950–2010. These years, China’s abundant regional labor flow brings prosperity to several famous high-growth regions, but also causes the problem of unbalanced development. It needs systematic analysis to do effective guidance and management of population mobility. This paper tries to analyze the driving and dragging force in China’s inter-provincial migration flows with improved multilateral migration model stemming from individual behavior of potential migrants. It revealed the problem of imbalanced regional labor flow has been exacerbated in China since the 1990s, and the driving force for typical hotspots is different, as high income force for Beijing, Shanghai, and low barrier for Guangzhou, Zhejiang. The results of analyzing indicates the the distinct regional mobility barriers help to alleviate the problem of labor loss in some provinces since 1980s, but the regional imbalance in population migration continues to grow in recent years. Finally, with regression, we reveal the essential element affecting regional mobility barriers, and it could explain 70.8% of the influence factors. It also suggests that, for the provinces with labor loss, improving economic, welfare environment will mitigate the problem effectively.

Relationship between frontal car-to-car test result and vehicle crash compatibility evaluation in mobile progressive deformable barrier test

Objective: In 2020, the world’s first crash compatibility rating test will be introduced in the European mobile progressive deformable barrier (MPDB) test. In this research, the quantitative change in partner protection performance of large vehicles in car-to-car (C2C) impacts was studied if these large vehicles were designed in future based on MPDB tests addressing crash compatibility ratings.Methods: Representative vehicles of the European fleet were selected and a Computer Aided Engineering (CAE) parameter study was conducted. In particular, by changing an indicator of structural interaction performance (SD; i.e., the degree of uniformity of barrier deformation)/mass/stiffness of large vehicles systematically in a step-by-step approach, the compatibility evaluation results of large vehicles in MPDB and the occupant injury score of small vehicles in C2C impacts were compared. The CAE result was evaluated compared to that of C2C physical impact tests.Results: The CAE parameter study showed that in the C2C impact condition, the effects on occupant injury in a small vehicle due to changes in the large vehicle were as follows: (1) SD change: The effect was minor except for small overlap condition. (2) Mass and stiffness change: The effect was relatively major.On the other hand, compatibility evaluation in the MPDB showed a tendency to overestimate the effect of SD change in comparison with the above-mentioned C2C impact condition.In addition, physical impact tests showed that, based on SD evaluation, the large vehicle with a relatively inferior compatibility rating compared to those with superior compatibility ratings showed a contradicting trend of better compatibility performance in the C2C test.Conclusions: The currently proposed compatibility evaluation method of the MPDB test showed some tendency to overestimate the effect of SD change and resulted in quantitatively inconsistent outcomes regarding occupant injury in the partner car in C2C impact conditions.

Addressing the effect of the Mo.S.E. barriers closure on wind setup within the Venice lagoon

A correct management of the mobile barriers that have presently been building at the three inlets of the Venice lagoon (Mo.S.E. project) is of paramount importance for the safeguard of the urban settlements located inside the lagoon. In this work, we compare, by means of a 2-D hydrodynamic model, the setup produced by intense winds during the period of closure of the mobile barriers to the pre-Mo.S.E. scenario, when the flow through the three inlets is not regulated.The analysis considers both some recent storm surge events and more systematically all the meteorological (i.e. wind speed, direction and duration) and hydrodynamic conditions (i.e. sea level and tidal amplitude).We demonstrate that the wind setup significantly increases when the gates at the three inlets are closed, up to exceeding four times the pre-Mo.S.E. scenario.This phenomenon will strongly affect the management of the Mo.S.E. barriers and their operating strategy when pursuing the goal of preventing the flooding at all the urban settlements of the lagoon. More precisely, it will impose to close the gates in advance with respect to what expected by considering only the safeguard of the city of Venice, which is not significantly affected by wind setup due to its central position within the lagoon.This would fatally increase the yearly period of closure of the lagoon, enhancing all the issues concerning long and repeated closures, such as, for example, lagoon water quality and port industry.

A Doping-Less Tunnel Field-Effect Transistor with Si0.6Ge0.4 Heterojunction for the Improvement of the On–Off Current Ratio and Analog/RF Performance

In this paper, a novel doping-less tunneling field-effect transistor with Si0.6Ge0.4 heterojunction (H-DLTFET) is proposed using TCAD simulation. Unlike conventional doping-less tunneling field-effect transistors (DLTFETs), in H-DLTFETs, germanium and Si0.6Ge0.4 are used as source and channel materials, respectively, to provide higher carrier mobility and smaller tunneling barrier width. The energy band and charge carrier tunneling efficiency of the tunneling junction become steeper and higher as a result of the Si0.6Ge0.4 heterojunction. In addition, the effects of the source work function, gate oxide dielectric thickness, and germanium content on the performance of the H-DLTFET are analyzed systematically, and the below optimal device parameters are obtained. The simulation results show that the performance parameters of the H-DLTFET, such as the on-state current, on/off current ratio, output current, subthreshold swing, total gate capacitance, cutoff frequency, and gain bandwidth (GBW) product when Vd = 1 V and Vg = 2 V, are better than those of conventional silicon-based DLTFETs. Therefore, the H-DLTFET has better potential for use in ultra-low power devices.

Enhancing Catalytic Activity of Titanium Oxide in Lithium–Sulfur Batteries by Band Engineering

AbstractThe altering of electronic states of metal oxides offers a promising opportunity to realize high‐efficiency surface catalysis, which play a key role in regulating polysulfides (PS) redox in lithium–sulfur (Li–S) batteries. However, little effort has been devoted to understanding the relationship between the electronic state of metal oxides and a catalyst's properties in Li–S cells. Herein, defect‐rich heterojunction electrocatalysts composed of ultrathin TiO2‐x nanosheets and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) for Li–S batteries are reported. Theoretical simulations indicate that oxygen vacancies and heterojunction can enhance electronic conductivity and chemical adsorption. Spectroscopy and electrochemical techniques further indicate that the rich surface vacancies in TiO2‐x nanosheets result in highly activated trapping sites for LiPS and lower energy barriers for fast Li ion mobility. Meanwhile, the redistribution of electrons at the heterojunction interfaces realizes accelerated surface electron exchange. Coupled with a polyacrylate terpolymer (LA132) binder, the CNT@TiO2‐x–S electrodes exhibit a long cycle life of more than 300 cycles at 1 C and a high area capacity of 5.4 mAh cm−2. This work offers a new perspective on understanding catalyst design in energy storage devices through band engineering.

Job hopping & hunkering down: how H-1B migrant workers survive the U.S. labour market

ABSTRACT The perils of doing outsourced or fixed-term work are well documented among the general workforce. These studies often find that workers are more vulnerable than in the past but those with advanced schooling are best prepared for today’s economic vagaries. However, little research has focused on non-standard employment among subpopulations such as H-1B visa workers. This paper uses data from the career histories of migrant professionals to explore the strategies they use to improve their careers in the U.S. labour market. The agency of temporary workers is constrained by their social location, the legal architecture of the H-1B visa programme and the institutional configuration of the information technology labour market. I find that these factors structure H-1B workers’ definition of good jobs, and the actions they take to maintain a valid legal status, remain continuously employed and build a life in the United States. Key contributions include bridging the literatures on non-standard employment and temporary migrant worker programmes; and, describing the creative responses of workers with high aspirations who encounter significant mobility barriers. These findings lend important insights for how workers manage uncertainty and opportunity as the dual practices of outsourcing and temporary worker programmes expand around the globe.

ANALISIS ASUHAN KEPERAWATAN PADA PASIEN DENGAN PEMENUHAN KEBUTUHAN DASAR HAMBATAN MOBILITAS FISIK POST SECTIO CAESAREA

AbstractData on Sectio Caesarea delivery in the world according to the World Health Organization (WHO) is 5 to 15 percent per 1000 births. The number of mothers giving birth by SC measures according to the 2013 RISKESDAS data amounted to 9.8%, the top rank of DKI Jakarta was 19.9% and the lowest was Southeast Sulawesi 3.3%. Based on data from RSUD Poso 2015-2016 the number of mothers with SC was 451 cases, and in 2016-2017 the number carried out with SC was 505 cases. The purpose of this study was to implement the mobilization to accelerate the decline of uterine fundus by conducting nursing care in the case of post-operative SC in the midwifery room at the Poso General Hospital. The method in this study is a case study in Section Caesarea Patients with mobilization nursing care measures to accelerate the decline in TFU. The results of this study indicate that patients can implement the early mobilization measures gradually and there is a decrease in TFU.Keywords: Physical mobility barriers, Post Sectio Caesarea

A discrete choice analysis of transport mode choice causality and perceived barriers of sustainable mobility in the MENA region

Although there is considerable number of studies on urban travel mode choice, there are still two gaps: we have limited understanding of perceived and attitudinal barriers of sustainable modes and motives of personal car use, and the causes (not correlations) of mode choice decisions are almost unknown for certain geographical contexts such as the Middle East and North Africa (MENA). This study seeks to answer three questions: (1) what are the main barriers to choosing sustainable transport modes like active mobility and public transportation in the Middle East and North Africa? (2) which attitudinal or physical determinants define the transportation mode choice intentions and decisions in Tehran, Istanbul, and Cairo? and (3) what are the differences between the determinants of mode choice decisions in the case cities compared with those of Western societies? In this study, the data collected from 8284 interviewees in Tehran, Istanbul, and Cairo in 2017 were applied in a discrete choice model. The dependent variables of the modeling were the perceived main reasons against walking, biking, and public transit ridership, and the main factor encouraging car-driving. According to the findings, long walking distances, absences or lack of biking infrastructures, social and cultural problems and pressures against biking, and personal preference for cars compared to public transport prevent passengers from walking, biking, and using public transport. Comfort and convenience are the factors that make people avoid public transit in favor of cars. These determinants are fairly different from the main determinants of mode choice decisions in the Western societies. By applying a multinomial logistic regression model, 11 variables related to travel characteristics, perceptions, land-use and neighborhood, socio-economics, and self-selection were found significant or marginally significant in explaining all four models: the barriers to walking, biking, and public transit-use, and the motives for car-use. These findings support the hypothesis of this study that there are differences between the perceived and physical barriers to sustainable mobility as well as the motives of car-use in MENA megacities compared to Western societies. In short, mode-choice decisions and perceived determinants are context-sensitive. The conclusions of this study could be applied in urban and transportation planning in the MENA region to promote more sustainable mobility modes.

The Effect Of Combination Spherical Grip And Kinesio Taping Exercise To Enhance Of Muscle Strength In Ischemic Stroke Patients In Jemursari Islamic Hospital Surabaya

<p>Ischemic stroke patients are the main problem that occurs when disruption of cerebral blood flow. Data Global Burden Disease shows that all populations obtained 80% ischemic stroke and 20% hemorrhagic stroke with physical mobility barriers namely muscle weakness obtained 58%. Nursing actions that can be done, one of which is by giving activity to stroke patients who are useful to increase cerebral blood flow. This study aims to analyze the effect of the combination of spherical grip exercise and<em> Kinesiotaping</em> to the muscle strength of ischemic stroke patients in Jemursari Islamic Hospital Surabaya.</p><p>This research is designed by <em>Quasi Experiment </em>with approach <em>pre post test control group design</em>. All populations are ischemic stroke patients in the azzahra room 1 as many as 41 people, a sample of 38 respondents divided into 19 treatment and control groups. In the intervention group was given a combination of Spherical Grip and Kinesiotaping Exercise for 20 minutes twice a day for 3 weeks. Whereas in the control group was given training accordance with Hospital procedures. Statistical analysis used <em>Wilcoxon signed rank test</em> and <em>Mann-Whitney</em>α test< 0,05.</p><p>The results of this study indicated that the mean increase in muscle constriction in the intervention group 2.83, and a big control group is 1.10. Analysis with <em>Mann Whitney </em>showed <em>p</em>= 0.000. So that H0 rejected this means that there is an effect of a combination of Spherical Grip and Kinesiotaping exercises on increasing muscle strength in ischemic stroke patients in Jemursari Islamic hospitals.</p><p>The combination of Spherical Grip and Kinesiotaping exercises that are routinely performed can increase muscle strength, resulting in increased muscle strength in ischemic stroke patients. Nurses need to apply Spherical Grips and Kinesiotaping to ischemic stroke patients in the rehabilitation phase.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Keyword</strong> : Ischemic stroke, <em>Spherical Grip</em> and <em>Kinesiotaping</em>, Muscle Strength.</p><p> </p>

Radiation protection effect of mobile shield barrier for the medical personnel during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography: a quasi-experimental prospective study

ObjectiveTo investigate the effectiveness of radiation protection offered by a newly designed mobile shield barrier for medical personnel during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP).DesignQuasi-experimental prospective study.SettingERCP procedures conducted between October 2016...