Mobility Management Scheme Research Articles

Tradable credit scheme for mobility management considering travelers’ loss aversion

Under a given tradable credit scheme, travelers’ loss aversion behavior for credit charging during the route choice process is studied. A disutility function of loss aversion is applied to approach travelers’ different attitudes towards credit loss and gain, and the transaction costs of buying and selling credits are also incorporated in the function. The user equilibrium (UE) and market equilibrium (ME) conditions considering loss aversion effects are formulated into a variational inequality (VI) problem. Analyses demonstrate that the system optimum (SO) credit scheme does not always exist. A proposition is further presented to guarantee its existence.

CMKMS

Purpose – The paper aims to address wireless sensor network (WSN) security by proposing new cluster-based mobile key management scheme (CMKMS). The growing demands of WSNs in variety of real-time and mission-critical applications increase the challenges in terms of energy efficiency, security and mobility. The security is important to avoid malicious attacks and improve the energy efficiency, while mobility helps to improve the reachability of network. The CMKMS algorithm focuses on the management and maintenance of keys under cluster-based mobile WSN network. Design/methodology/approach – The paper studied the related work in the area of key management and compared the different key management algorithms according to the technique used. The comparative study shows that the available key management algorithms are efficient in terms of security, but they are not scaleable enough to the changing conditions of network and do not work efficiently under node mobility. The research uses cluster-based approach for improving scalability, where cluster head (CH) acts as a key manager. The work developed by considering both static and mobile CH. Findings – The CMKMS considers two phases, first for key maintenance which establishes the two private keys, home key for own cluster and foreign key when node moves from one cluster to another. The second phase maintains the keys when CH moves from one cluster to another. The proposed algorithm improves the efficiency of key management algorithm in terms of security, mobility, energy efficiency and scalability of network. The simulation of scheme in different realistic situation shows that proposed solution shows less computational overheads, energy consumption and delay as compared with state-of-art solution. Research limitations/implications – The research is validated using computer-based simulation, which limits the testing of research by considering external environmental conditions. Therefore, research can be further test using WSN test bed. Practical implications – The research address the issues in key management, developed the scaleable, and node mobility supportable key management algorithms, for addressing the demands of growing WSN applications. Originality/value – This paper accomplish the security of WSN using scaleable and mobility-supported key management algorithms.

LTTMAP Fast Handoff Scheme of Advancing Hierarchical Mobile IPv6

There are many obstacles exit in the mobile management scheme, it mainly shows in its not high switching performance, excess signaling overhead and too long handoff delay, hard guaranteed quality of service in handoff as well as safety problem. It put forwards a fast handoff scheme which advances HMIPv6 by giving it authority to temporary mobility anchor point (LT-TMAP). The lower level access router is licensed through upper level of MAP, make it a temporal mobility anchor point to give distribute management to mobile node, and describe the implementation process theoretically. In the end, we use the NS-2 simulation tool to build network topology and based on the IPv6 test-bed build in our school network laboratory which I help researched to give a simulation test to that handoff scheme. It proves the handoff scheme can take better advantage of the network MAP resource, has stronger real-time performance, and higher handoff efficiency.

An efficient mobility management scheme for convergence mobile media multicast services in NGN

This paper proposes mobility management architecture and scheme for network-based convergence mobile media multicast service, called Access Independent Mobile Service - with Mobile Multicast (AIMS-MM), which provides fast and seamless multicast service handover mechanism among heterogeneous wireless access networks with the minimum modifications on terminal devices. The proposed scheme applies a method to fast re-join the relevant multicast stream by enabling the AIMS-MM system to collect multicast group information through multicast group information handler located in the multicast router and providing related information to the router upon terminal handover. The advantage of the proposed method can provide an efficient seamless multicast service with fast connecting when they handover each other among heterogeneous wireless access networks with the proposed mobility management scheme. Also, the proposed scheme can provides the reliability and resource efficiency in the wireless area via exclusion of signaling in the wireless area. Through numerical analysis and the test-bed implementation, we have shown the superiority and practicality of the proposed scheme convergence mobile media multicast services in NGN. Experimental results show that the proposed method with AIMS-MM improve QoS with reducing delay time when comparing with MIP-BT-opt, HMIP-BT-opt, PMIP, etc., methods in terms of multicast service handover and etc.

PA-NEMO: Proxy Mobile IPv6-aided Network Mobility Management Scheme for 6LoWPAN

The IPv6 over Low Power Wireless Personal Area Network (6LoWPAN), a special type of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) with mobility, has a great potential to be deployed for the convenience of people’s life. In 6LoWPAN, a group of sensor nodes often move together as a whole subset, guiding by a cluster head. Because of the low-power requirements of mobile devices in 6LoWPAN, seeking low cost schemes to manage the mobility of the whole subset is a very essential problem to be solved. To this end, this paper firstly proposes a Proxy Mobile IPv6 (PMIPv6) Aided Network Mobility (NEMO) management scheme, referred to as PA-NEMO, for 6LoWPAN, by combining traditional PMIPv6 with NEMO Basic Support scheme. In the proposed PA-NEMO scheme, the transmission tunnels are established out of the 6LoWPAN area, so the cost of the devices can be greatly reduced. Then, we formulate and analyse the signalling overhead of the proposed PA-NEMO. Finally, some numerical results are presented to show that our proposed PA-NEMO achieves the lowest signalling overhead among existing mobility management schemes. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.eee.20.3.3951

Network based Load-Aware Mobility Management in IEEE 802.11 Wireless Mesh Networks

One major concern for mobile networks consists of finding efficient way s of handling user mobility so that the handover process has minimum effect on users' ongoing sessions. Although COAP provides an efficient way for mobility management in IEEE 802.11 wireless mesh networks, it does not control load among multiple MAPs in the network. Thus, in many cases, the attached MAP is overloaded, and extensive delays are experienced during the routing process. To tackle this problem, this paper proposes a load-aware mobility management scheme. The overloaded MAP is detected according to the load estimation. Then the overloaded MAP initiates the search procedure to find the underutilized MAP and transfe r the MN's attachment request to it. The proposed scheme can efficiently balance the handover load among MAPs at the cost of sligh tly prolonged attachment delay and increased attachment messages compared with COAP.

An analytical study of distributed mobility management schemes with a flow duration based model

It is believed that traditional centralized mobility management cannot satisfy the demands of mobile data traffic which has dramatically expanded for years and will remain at a high growth rate in the long term. And now many efforts are putting emphasis on developing distributed mobility management schemes. This paper discusses the advantages of multiple Home Address (HoA) allocating, which is considered as an important character of distributed mobility schemes, by a flow duration based model for the first time as we know. We think that most Internet flows are very short and the best way of forwarding them is using local HoA instead of tunneling to a home link as described in the context of centralized mobility management schemes. We summarize the two cases of distributed mobility management schemes, called the multiple-level tunnel and the direct tunnel and propose a new flow duration based model to evaluate their performance. For the purpose of analysis, we study the cumulative distribution function of Internet flow duration based on our campus real data. Numerical results show that the relatively low velocity and short online time scenario is more suitable for distributed mobility management, and the direct tunnel scheme can always get better performance than the multiple-level tunnel case and the centralized mobility management scheme.

IP 기반 네트워크에서 빠르고 확장성이 용이한 플로우 이동성 관리 방법

본 논문에서는 IP 기반의 이동 네트워크에서 빠르고 확장성이 용이한 상태 보존형 (Stateful) 플로우 라우팅을 포함하는 플로우 이동성 관리 방법을 제안하였다. 제안된 방식은 단말의 이동성을 고려하여 플로우 라우팅을 수행하는 크로스오버 플로우 라우터를 도입하여 분산적으로 플로우 이동성을 관리하도록 하였고, 이로써 기존의 IP 패킷 라우팅에 의한 기존의 이동성 지원 방법의 문제점인 긴 지연 시간과 이동성 관리 오버헤드 문제를 완화시킬수 있도록 하였다. 제안된 방식의 성능 분석을 수행하여 기존의 IP 기반 이동성 지원 방식들과 비교하였으며, 이를 통해 제안된 방식의 우수성을 증명하였다. In this paper, we propose a fast and scalable flow mobility management scheme based on the flow-based stateful routing for the IP-based mobile networks. The proposed scheme employees the crossover flow routers as mobility anchors to perform the distributed flow-based mobility management of the moving terminals, while aims to reduce the long handoff delay and the processing overhead of the existing IP packet routing. We evaluated the performance of the proposed scheme and verified the superior performance of the proposed scheme by comparing with the results of IP-based mobility management schemes.

Survey and Evaluation of Advanced Mobility Management Schemes in the Host Identity Layer

This paper is committed to give an overview of the Host Identity Protocol (HIP), to introduce the basic ideas and the main paradigms behind it, and to make an exhaustive survey of mobility management schemes in the Host Identity Layer. The authors' goal is to show how HIP emerges from the list of potential alternatives with its wild range of possible usability, complex feature set and power to create a novel framework for future Mobile Internet architectures. In order to achieve this, the authors also perform an extensive simulation evaluation of four selected mobility solutions in the Host Identity Layer: the standard HIP mobility/multihoming (RFC5206), a micromobility solution (µHIP), a network mobility management scheme (HIP-NEMO) and a proactive, cross-layer optimized, distributed proposal designed for flat architectures (UFA-HIP).

Design and performance analysis of a dynamic-paging AAA mobility management scheme for PMIPv6-based wireless networks

Proxy mobile IPv6 (PMIPv6) is a network–based mobility management protocol. It does not require the involvement of the mobile node (MN) in mobility management. However, MN between the mobile access gateway (MAG) and the local mobility anchor (LMA) in a message to the signalling delivery process can cause high overhead. Moreover, even LMA between PMIPv6 domains could cause high signalling overhead. In this paper, we propose a dynamic–paging authorisation, authentication and accounting (AAA) mobility management scheme (DP–AAA) to apply dynamic paging to reduce signalling overhead and to support global mobility in PMIPv6 domains. The dynamic paging scheme does not provide binding updates to MNs that are in a dormant state. According to traffic patterns and mobility, the MN's domain can be determined dynamically in the paging area. Performance analyses indicate that the proposed scheme performs better than static paging and PMIPv6.

Context-aware IPv6 Flow Mobility for Multi-sensor Based Mobile Patient Monitoring and Tele-consultation

Recently, the rapid growth of multi-access mobile devices interconnected with different wearable biosignal sensors via Body Area Network (BAN) play an increasingly important role in healthcare systems and provide significant solutions for scenarios of home healthcare, real-time remote/mobile patient monitoring and ubiquitous tele-consultation. The proliferation of different radio access technologies make possible mobile healthcare (mHealth) services to actively benefit from the advances of heterogeneous and overlapping wireless networks. The varying characteristics of mHealth applications (particularly different real-time monitoring solutions) in means of the required network resources and Quality of Services parameters invoke elaboration of effective flow-based mobility management algorithms. Aiming to provide a transparent and efficient mobility infrastructure for the mHealth field we designed and developed a context-aware IPv6 flow mobility management scheme for Android focusing on mobile patient monitoring and tele-consultation use-cases in a multi-sensor environment. The proposed solution incorporates a cross-layer optimization platform and relies on MIP6D-NG, which is a client-based, multi-access, flow-aware Mobile IPv6 implementation. We have implemented a real-life multi-sensor testbed architecture where the proposed system with its adaptive flow handover scheme was evaluated.

Distributed Mobility Management Scheme with Multiple LMAs in Proxy Mobile IPv6

Distributed Mobility Management Scheme with Multiple LMAs in Proxy Mobile IPv6

Secure Mobility Management Application Capable of Fast Layer 3 Handovers for MIPv6-Non-Aware Mobile Hosts

Currently, a correspondent host will have difficulties in establishing a direct session path to a mobile host because of the partial deployment of MIPv6-aware mobile hosts. Even MIPv6-aware hosts will spend up to several seconds to obtain the new location of the mobile host during Layer 3 (L3) handover. This paper proposes an application-level mobility management scheme that can solve the problems related to the increase of Internet traffic end-to-end delay under the current situation that most of the mobile devices are MIPv6-non-aware. The proposed Secure Mobility Management Application (SMMA) enables the updates of care-of address to be faster and more reliable even when L3 handovers occur frequently. SMMA uses a cross-layer approach for session mobility management with the support of Binding Updates to the home agent via IPSec tunnels. The main feature of SMMA is to handle the session-related mobility management for which operation starts just after the completion of name resolution as a pre-call mobility management, which operates in conjunction with the DNS. Our session-related mobility management introduces three new signaling messages: SS-Create for session state creation, SS-Refresh for session state extension and SS-Renewal for updating new care-of address at the mid-session. Finally, this paper analyzes the work load imposed on a mobile host to create a session state and the security strength of the SS-Renewal message, which depends on the key size used.

ANALYTICAL APPROACH OF COST-EFFECTIVE AND SECURE SIP-BASED MOBILITY MANAGEMENT SCHEME FOR NEMO ENVIRONMENTS

The mobile Virtual Private Network (MVPN) of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) is not designed to support NEtwork MObility (NEMO) and is not suitable for real-time applications. Therefore, architecture and protocols to support VPN in NEMO are needed. In this paper, we propose a cost-effective and secure mobility management scheme (SeSIP) that is based on session initiation protocol (SIP) and designed for real-time applications with VPN. Our scheme to support MVPN in NEMO enables the session to be well maintained during movement of the entire network. Further, in order to reduce the authentication delay time in handoff operations, the signaling time which occurs to maintain the session is shortened through our proposed handoff scheme which adopts authentication using HMAC-based one-time password (HOTP). Our performance analysis results show our proposed scheme provides improvement in average handoff performance time relative to existing schemes.

Mobility Management Scheme for Fixed Mobility Pattern Mobile Users in IPv4 Networks

Mobility Management Scheme for Fixed Mobility Pattern Mobile Users in IPv4 Networks

프록시 모바일 IPv6 네트워크에서 안전한 스마트 이동성에 기반한 빠른 핸드오버 기법의 성능분석

Defect-free transfer service on the Next-generation wireless network extensive roaming mobile node (MN) to provide efficient mobility management has become very important. MIPv6(Mobility IPv6) is one of mobility management scheme proposed by IETF(Internet Engineering Task Force), and IPv6-based mobility management techniques have been developed in various forms. One of each management techniques, IPv6-based mobility management techniques for PMIPv6 (MIPv6) system to improve the performance of a variety of F-PMIPv6 (Fast Handover for Proxy MIPv6) is proposed. However, the F-PMIPv6 is cannot be excellent than PMIPv6 in all scenarios. Therefor, to select a proper mobility management scheme between PMIPv6 and F-PMIPv6 becomes an interesting issue, for its potenrials in enhancing the capacity and scalability of the system. In this paper, we develop an analytical model to analyze the applicability of PMIPv6 and F-PMIPv6. Based on this model, we design an Secure Smart Mobility Support(SSM) scheme that selects the better alternative between PMIPv6 and F-PMIPv6 for a user according to its changing mobility and service characteristics. When F-PMIPv6 is adopted, SSM chooses the best mobility anchor point and regional size to optimize the system performance. Numerical results illustrate the impact of some key parameters on the applicability of PMIPv6 and F-PMIPv6. Finally, SSM has proven even better result than PMIPv6 and F-PMIPv6.

A novel network mobility management scheme supporting seamless handover for high-speed trains

Automotive telematics has become an important technology for high-speed rail systems, which are being increasingly popular in this era of green technology. As the train speed increases, however, communications between the train and infrastructure encounter major difficulties of maintaining high quality communication. Handovers on high-speed trains occur more frequently and have shorter permissible handling times than for traditional vehicles. In this paper, the proposed 2MR network mobility scheme takes advantage of the physical size of high-speed trains to deploy two mobile routers (MRs) in the first and last carriages. This scheme provides a protocol to allow the two MRs to cooperate with a wireless network infrastructure in facilitating seamless handovers. Our simulation results demonstrate that compared to the traditional single MR schemes, the 2MR scheme noticeably improves the communication quality during handover by significantly reducing handover latency as well as packet loss for high-speed trains.

A tree-based mobility management using message aggregation based on a skewed wait time assignment in infrastructure based MANETs

For the effective mobility management of mobile nodes in Infrastructure-based Mobile Ad Hoc Networks, every mobile node is obliged to send a registration message to the Internet Gateway (IG) periodically. Not only do the registration messages and the additional control messages to establish paths from mobile nodes to the IG to send the registration messages incur a considerable amount of control overhead, but also they impose high traffic congestion on the mobile nodes in the vicinity of the IG which is referred to as the "funneling effect." The control overhead and the funneling effect make it hard to handle mobility management with little impact on the performance of a routing protocol. Therefore, in this paper we propose a tree-based mobility management approach using a message aggregation technique that employs a novel timing model suitable for tree topology, referred to as a skewed wait time assignment technique, in order to maximize message aggregation. Despite its superior performance, this wait time assignment technique differs from the other techniques in that it does not require clock synchronization over nodes. By resorting to simulations, we show that the proposed approach can significantly alleviate the funneling effect as well as improve the performance of mobility management compared with the Tree-based and Quasi-tree based mobility management schemes.

Heterogeneous Wireless-Wired Sensor Network Communication Based on Mobile IP

This paper proposes a communication scheme for heterogeneous wireless and wired sensor networks. In the scheme, through a common protocol to shield the differences of different types of wireless-wired networks, to realize the mobility management for heterogeneous wireless and wired network environment. In addition, access technology of the second layer can be shielded, and provided a unified interface for upper protocol layers. From the theoretical and simulative perspectives, the paper analyzes the performance parameters, including the mobile function, throughput capacity, energy consumption and network lifetime, and the analytical results show that the performance of the scheme is better than other mobility management scheme.

Introduction to the special issue on information technologies in logistics and service science

Information technology has been playing an increasingly important role in every walk of life since the third industrial revolution. In order to realize more efficient and smarter manufacturing, working and living spaces, enabling information technologies such as cloud computing and big data are emerging themes among global research scholars. Logistics is a typical sector that is regularly enhanced by every revolution of information technology. On the one hand, information technology makes more kinds of information available in supply chains, many of which used not to be available. Also, technology accelerates the information sharing across supply chains, and among supply chain partners. For instance, radio frequency identification devices (RFID) and wireless sensor networks (WSN) as well as other enabling technologies bring the supply chain visibility, realizing ‘‘real-time logistics’’ by sharing more immediate information about products and goods. To achieve satisfied service users in cyber space or daily digital life, proper use of information technology is of tantamount importance as the availability of data grows exponentially. Many research projects on data mining, big data analysis and cloud computing, or related technologies, could effectively facilitate qualified service by catching and providing valuable information to individuals from an ocean of data. This special issue includes 4 articles on different aspects of information technologies adaptable in logistics or service science. The first paper, ‘‘A resource integration approach for HTML5 mobile applications’’ by Zhu et al., focuses on an Internet information integration method. The authors propose an integration approach for mobile web applications, which can assist application service providers to provide HTML5-based mobile hybrid applications for various types of mobile ends. And correspondent prototype platform that constructs more flexible mechanism of integration is developed in the article. The paper entitled ‘‘An Inter-PAN Mobility Support Scheme for IP-based Wireless Sensor Networks and its Applications’’ by Shang et al. presents a novel mobile management scheme used in internet protocol (IP) based WSN. This scheme is able to support many exciting applications such as healthcare system, logistics and storage, as demonstrated by the authors. In order to deal with the problem of unbalanced data classification and asymmetry misclassification cost in loan default discrimination problem, Cao et al. in their paper ‘‘A loan default discrimination model using cost-sensitive support vector machine improved by particle swarm optimization (PSO)’’ propose a novel PSO–CS–SVM model that hybridizes the PSO and cost sensitive support vector machine (CS– SVM). This is a research on data classification technology, available to underpin high quality finical service. In the last paper ‘‘A new evolution model for B2C e-commerce market’’, Tian et al. study B2C e-commerce market from the view of network. A new proposed model reveals a ‘‘bubble-stable’’ evolutionary process, which is correspondent with real e-commerce market from an initial H. Liu (&) School of Traffic and Transportation, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China e-mail: hlliu@bjtu.edu.cn