Mobile Era Research Articles

Analysis and improvement of scenarios for the deployment of NTN networks

The era of fifth-generation mobile or wireless networking technology has just begun, and it is this technology that can actually improve system performance to an extremely high level. Mobile communications from space are evolving rapidly. Non-terrestrial networks have the ability to provide reliable connections to areas that were previously difficult to connect, which has a high impact on the economic situation. A non-terrestrial network with 5G support can be an effective solution for providing services anywhere and anytime and expand the coverage area. This paper analyzes possible solutions for satellite systems and multi-beam data technologies due to their ability to increase bandwidth through frequency reuse, as well as increase data rates. To adapt 5G to support non-terrestrial, you need to consider and explore a holistic architecture or design that can cover many areas and users. The article analyzes and explores the main aspects of non-terrestrial networks, analyzes in detail the design possibilities, problems of implementation and construction, as well as areas of research. Fifth generation (5G) technologies and systems will meet the needs of users around the world anywhere, anytime. Extraterrestrial Network (NTN) systems are able to meet connection requests anywhere, offering a wide coverage area and ensuring continuity, availability and scalability of services. In this article, we will look at NTN's capabilities and its potential to meet the expectations of users on and off 5G networks. The current situation, current research and unresolved issues underscore the importance of NTN in the field of wireless communications.

The pragmatics of translated tourism advertising

In an era of mobility, to a large extent accentuated by tourism, interactional patterns of tourist behavior may vary in the process of cultural exchanges. Patterns may “indicate local resistance to wholly imported practices, or the way in which the local and the global are in a dialectic relationship and enrich a certain pattern” (Sifianou, 2013: 94). This article attempts to analyse pragmatic phenomena in tourism advertisements, trying to link the relational turn in politeness research and the notion of selfrepresentation to the way roles of host/tourist and group membership are assigned in versions of Greek-English online tourism advertising data. In addition, the article explors linguistic strategies facilitating the construction of relational identity and how this is conceived through relational dynamic variation. Linguistic shifts in (im)politeness strategies and the social dimension of face are linked to Schwartz’s value chart (Schwartz, 1992; Spencer-Oatey, 2007) in an attempt to raise awareness of different approaches to self-representation and interaction conventions across cultures. It seems this approach may offer insight on how self-representation is constructed, on the ways in which values are shaped and projected within host/visitor power relations and may contribute to strategic choices when constructing an image for a tourist destination.

Native Advertising in a Mobile Era: Effects of Ability and Motivation on Recognition in Digital News Contexts

Digital news is progressively blurring with commercial content at the same time that mobile technology is increasingly being used to access news. To understand if these trends affect ability to distinguish news from covert advertising, two experiments were conducted among U.S. adults examining whether viewing content on a mobile device versus computer interacts with motivation levels in affecting recognition of native advertising. Consistent with tenets of the Covert Advertising Recognition and Effects model, results show that although people with greater motivation to process media content were more likely to recognize native advertising, it was not enough to compensate for the greater cognitive effort required when using a mobile device.

"Whatever Did Ever Happen to the Likely Lads"? Social Change, Mobility, Class, and Identity in the UK 1969-2019.

This paper reflects upon issues of class and identity in the UK over the last 50 years. 1969 is a useful starting point, economically and technologically it can be regarded as the high tide of the vision of a Britain remade in what the then Prime Minister Harold Wilson had termed “the white heat of technology.” That technology had produced Concord the world's first supersonic airliner which made its debut that year. This successful Anglo French collaboration also showed how Britain was rapidly moving into a different relationship with Europe a process that culminated in the UK's entry into the EEC or the “common market” as it was more usually referred to on January 1st 1973. Sociologically, it marked the publication of Goldthorpe et al. Affluent worker studies, which examined the idea that increasing affluence was breaking down established class structures, roles and attitudes. This debate about whether the changing nature of work brought with it a fundamental change in class structure and identity has been going on ever since. It has subtly changed and this is to be expected, 50 years is a long time. However, it is generally accepted that the change to economic and social policy that had followed the second world, social mobility was increasingly evident by the late sixties and continued into the seventies. Over the years issues of not only social class but de-industrialization, social mobility, regional decline, globalization, and its impact on policy have been added to the mix. Furthermore, “Brexit” is part of this debate and partly a product of it, however this paper doesn't have the space required to examine this. The title of this paper relates to Dick Clement and Ian La Frenais sitcom “Whatever happened to the Likely Lads” (WHTTLL) which was first broadcast by the BBC in 1973. It focusses on the relationship between 2 young men in their late 20's Bob and Terry. They come from the same place, have similar backgrounds and have been friends since childhood. But their lives are now at a crossroads. Whilst Bob is attempting to grasp new opportunities, Terry is skeptical and to some degree baffled by the change going on around him. The future of class in an era of social mobility also raised questions about aspiration and identity. These are questions which are now less prominent within discourse on class. The debate around class today is arguably less concerned with the mainstream and has become focussed on extremes looking at either poverty, criminality, dispossession or sometimes the lifestyles of a superrich elite. In summary then this paper will look at the changing ideas, and narratives that have surrounded social class and social mobility over the past half century within the context of the UK, it will do that by reflecting on my own personal biography and the themes raised in “Whatever happened to the Likely Lads” (WHTTLL).

Managing Travelers’ Mode Choices in the Era of Shared Mobility Through Traditional Traffic Regulation Policies

The rapid expansion of ride-hailing service has imposed a huge amount of additional traffic on urban transportation systems. To reduce congestion, different regulatory policies have been announced to control the number of ride-hailing vehicles in metropolitan areas around the world. However, these measurements, shooting at ride-hailing vehicles only, deprive non-car owners of their private-car mobility rights (endowed by ride-hailing services), therefore are debatable in themselves. Instead of imposing specialized restrictions on ride-hailing vehicles, we propose to cure the deteriorating traffic conditions with classic traffic regulation policies implemented on all road space users. In this study, based on an aggregate model with two different types of ride-hailing services, i.e., ride-sourcing and ride-sharing, we model travelers' mode choices at user equilibrium under no policy intervention to reveal the negative impacts of ride-hailing on urban transportation efficiency, and compare the different system optimum states with and without ride-hailing to demonstrate the great potential of ride-hailing in mitigating congestion. Based on the model, the impacts of three traffic regulation policies, i.e., road space rationing, congestion pricing and tradable credit schemes, and the existence of traffic regulation policies that can achieve system optimum in the presence of ride-hailing are examined.

Multi-hop routing under short contact in delay tolerant networks

As technologies evolve, mobile devices are capable of storing, communicating, and disseminating large data files across the network. Communicating large data is particularly challenging in Delay Tolerant Networks because of lack of connectivity and short contacts among network nodes. To simplify the routing, existing works often ignore the data size and duration of a contact. That is, once transmitted, the data always successfully arrives at the receiver. Thus, these protocols are not suitable in the data-intensive mobile era. In this work, we propose a large data routing (LDR) protocol that chops large data into chunks and performs forwarding at the chunk level over multiple successive contacts. We also build a probabilistic model integrating the inter-contact time, contact frequency, and contact duration. The model is used to compute the edge weights in a contact graph and multi-hop delivery probabilities among network nodes. Simulations using real-world mobility traces show that our scheme can achieve up to 53% higher delivery rate compared to other routing strategies.

An Exploratory Study of Omni-Channel Retailing Strategies in the Drugstore Industry: The Case of B Company in Taiwan

In recent years, O2O was becoming an important channel strategy actively explored by major companies. This new O2O model was an important marketing development trend, especially within the retail industry. The drugstore industry in Taiwan should also consider using this strategy. However, Philip Kotler emphasized in Marketing 4.0 that the mobile and community era was at hand, represented by the concept of “Mobile Community Marketing,” which could be interpreted as bringing businesses and consumers together to connect virtual and physical networks. The current study utilized a case method and selected B company as the research object. Several in-depth interviews with multiple senior management directors were conducted. The study findings indicated that omni-channel retailing strategies were becoming more popular and the case company will continue to implement this kind of retailing strategy. The results of this paper could generalize some practical marketing suggestions for the drugstore industry.

IoEV-Chain: A 5G-Based Secure Inter-Connected Mobility Framework for the Internet of Electric Vehicles

Recent advances in 5G-based disruptive technologies have ushered in a new smart era of interconnected mobility. Hence, smart city planners around the globe are facing the challenges of leveraging these new modalities of future mobility solutions. Some key innovations toward disruptive mobility are the next generation of the Internet of electric vehicles and ultra-high-speed 5G communication paradigms. However, adding security to IoEV data remains of great concern. In this study, we offer a novel secure blockchain and off-chainbased 5G mobility framework that enables the security of IoEV data at rest, in transmission, and in the storage medium. We address the 5G security vulnerabilities in the areas of mutual authentication and authorization, remote software updates, confidentiality and integrity protection, secure provisioning of 5G services, secure storage of IoEV and personal data, and location tracking. We present our experience in building the architecture and the implementation of the framework, in addition to the system evaluation results.

Hybrid operations of human driving vehicles and automated vehicles with data-driven agent-based simulation

Automated vehicles (AVs) receive tremendous attention and achieve rapid development. It is foreseeable that hybrid operations of human driving vehicles and automated vehicles in the urban transportation environment will be a long-standing state. To investigate the influence of AVs on the hybrid ride-hailing market, data-driven agent-based modeling and simulation (D2ABMS) for large-scale transportation networks is proposed, in which human drivers, automated vehicles, and passengers form three types of agents. D2ABMS goes beyond existing approaches by employing data-driven multi-objective deep learning to learn ride-sourcing drivers' offline/online behavior. E mbedding is used to represent the hidden attributes of different classes of drivers. Ride-sourcing data collected from the city of Hangzhou, China, are used to train and validate the drivers' decision-making model. Hybrid operations of human driving vehicles and automated vehicles with D2ABMS are comprehensively tested in various scenarios. The results show that a small proportion of automated vehicles in the hybrid ride-hailing market can significantly reduce the average waiting time of passengers. Besides, compared to the human driving scenario, the total exhaust emissions and vehicle kilometers traveled can be reduced by 12.3% in the AVs scenario. The proposed D2ABMS system has the potential to help transportation planners and ride-hailing platforms to assess their policies and operations management strategies in the era of shared mobility and automated vehicles.

Studi Aplikasi Hadis Era Mobile

<div><p><em>Hadith studies have experienced very rapid development. This is because many developing various applications or software that can facilitate the study of Hadith. The application and software are then not only a tool in the research activities of Hadith, but also for the benefit of studying the Hadith by the general public. Thus, the application or software must be developed so that it can be sought after and used by the general public. One such application is "One Day One Hadith" developed by the Hadith Study Center in mobile form. This mobile application is based on Android so that it can be used easily in all places and times. This application contains the interesting simple Hadiths from the Shahih Bukhari and is presented in different themes. The pattern of presentation is very interesting because every day a notification will be sent giving an overview of the Hadith of the day. With descriptive-analytical methods, this paper will examine the application 'Go to Heaven', starting from thea brief history of hadith literacy and the history of the hadith of the mobile era (digital)</em><em>, </em><em>background of its development, features, patterns of presentation of the Hadith and their advantages and disadvantages.</em><em></em></p></div><p align="center"> </p><p align="center"> </p>

Rethinking legibility in the era of digital mobile maps: an empirical study

ABSTRACT This paper examines the role of environmental legibility in an era where digital mobile maps guide many everyday journeys. This paper presents data from a real-world navigational experiment, where participants followed urban routes either by using digital maps, or information in the world around them. They then completed an in-field task that probed recognition for environmental features along the routes. As predicted, participants in the digital map group demonstrated poorer memory for elements that underlie legibility, across landmarks, paths, and nodes. However, recognition in this group was moderated by individual characteristics of these elements, suggesting a role for legibility in memory. The paper discusses the implications of these results for the design of urban environments that can militate against varied navigational experiences.

Understanding ride-sourcing drivers' behaviour and preferences: Insights from focus groups analysis

Ride-sourcing has recently been at the centre of attention as the most disruptive mode of transport associated with the so-called shared mobility era. Drivers, riders, the platform, policymakers, and the general public are considered as the main stakeholders of the system. While ride-sourcing platforms have been growing, so did the heightened tension between them and their drivers. That is why understanding drivers' behaviour and preferences is of key importance to ride-sourcing companies in managing their relationship with drivers (also known as driver-partners) and in retaining them in the presence of competence. Ride-sourcing drivers are not only chauffeurs but fleet owners. They can make various operational and tactical decisions that directly influence other stakeholders and the transport system performance as a whole. Conducting a series of focus groups with ride-sourcing drivers in the Netherlands, we have studied their opinions about the system functionalities as well as their possible interactions with the platform and wishes for changes. The focus group results suggest that the main decisions of drivers, which are ride acceptance, relocation strategies, working shift and area in which to work, could be affected by many elements depending on platform strategies, drivers' characteristics, riders' attributes, and exogenous factors. We find that part-time and full-time drivers, as well as experienced and beginning drivers, are characterized by distinctive behaviour. Flexibility and freedom were mentioned as the key reasons for joining the platform while an unfair reputation system, unreliable navigation algorithm, high competition between drivers, passenger-oriented platform, high-commission fee, and misleading guidance were acknowledged as being the main system drawbacks. Based on our findings, we propose a conceptual model that frames the relationship between the tactical and operational decisions of drivers and related factors.

How the Disappearance of Unionized Jobs Obliterated an Emergent Black Middle Class

In this introduction to our project, “Fifty Years After: Black Employment in the United States Under the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission,” we outline the socioeconomic forces behind the promising rise and disastrous fall of an African American blue-collar middle class. During the 1960s and 1970s, blacks with no more than high-school educations gained significant access to well-paid unionized employment opportunities, epitomized by semi-skilled operative jobs in the automobile industry, to which they previously had limited access. Anti-discrimination laws under Title VII of the 1964 Civil Rights Act with oversight by the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission supported this upward mobility for blacks in the context of a growing demand for blue-collar labor. From the late 1970s, however, the impact of global competition and the offshoring of manufacturing combined with the financialization of the corporation to decimate these stable and well-paid blue-collar jobs. Under the seniority provisions of the now beleaguered industrial unions, blacks tended to be last hired and first fired. As U.S.-based blue-collar jobs were permanently lost, U.S. business corporations and government agencies failed to make sufficient investments in the education and skills of the U.S. labor force to usher in a new era of upward socioeconomic mobility. This organizational failure left blacks most vulnerable to downward mobility. Instead of retaining corporate profits and reinvesting in the productive capabilities of employees, major business corporations became increasingly focused on downsizing their labor forces and distributing profits to shareholders in the form of cash dividends and stock buybacks. Legitimizing massive distributions to shareholders was the flawed and pernicious ideology that a company should be run to “maximize shareholder value.” As the U.S. economy transitioned from the Old Economy business model, characterized by a career with one company, to the New Economy business model, characterized by interfirm labor mobility, advanced education and social networks became increasingly important for building careers in well-paid white-collar occupations. Along with non-white Hispanics, blacks found themselves at a distinct disadvantage relative to whites and Asians in accessing these New Economy middle-class employment opportunities. Eventually, the downward socioeconomic mobility experienced by blacks would also extend to devastating loss of well-paid and stable employment for whites who lacked the higher education now needed to enter the American middle class. By the twenty-first century, general downward mobility had become a defining characteristic of American society, irrespective of race, ethnicity, or gender. Since the 1980s, the enemy of equal employment opportunity through upward socioeconomic mobility has been the pervasive and entrenched corporate-governance ideology and practice of maximizing shareholder value (MSV). For most Americans, of whatever race, ethnicity, and gender, MSV is the not-so-invisible hand that has a chokehold on the emergence of the stable and well-paid employment opportunities that are essential for sustainable prosperity.

PERANCANGAN MOBILE AR DAN 3D VR WALKTHROUGH SEBAGAI MEDIA INFORMASI KAMPUS STEKOM SEMARANG BERBASIS ANDROID

Abstract The development of technology has entered the digital era of mobile, which required information media is more than just print brochures and official website, because it offered a solution for the design of a medium that can be run through mobile devices based on Android that are engaging, interactive, and follow the latest technology that augmented reality and virtual reality. The method used in this design is the System Development Life Cycle or SDLC, while supporting software used is Unity3D and Vuforia. Results from this study is the successful mobile AR and 3D-VR Walkthrough to implement and complete the on-campus media STEKOM information which has been used.

Artificial Intelligence, Transport and the Smart City: Definitions and Dimensions of a New Mobility Era

Artificial intelligence (AI) is a powerful concept still in its infancy that has the potential, if utilised responsibly, to provide a vehicle for positive change that could promote sustainable transitions to a more resource-efficient livability paradigm. AI with its deep learning functions and capabilities can be employed as a tool which empowers machines to solve problems that could reform urban landscapes as we have known them for decades now and help with establishing a new era; the era of the “smart city”. One of the key areas that AI can redefine is transport. Mobility provision and its impact on urban development can be significantly improved by the employment of intelligent transport systems in general and automated transport in particular. This new breed of AI-based mobility, despite its machine-orientation, has to be a user-centred technology that “understands” and “satisfies” the human user, the markets and the society as a whole. Trust should be built, and risks should be eliminated, for this transition to take off. This paper provides a novel conceptual contribution that thoroughly discusses the scarcely studied nexus of AI, transportation and the smart city and how this will affect urban futures. It specifically covers key smart mobility initiatives referring to Connected and Autonomous Vehicles (CAVs), autonomous Personal and Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (PAVs and UAVs) and Mobility-as-a-Service (MaaS), but also interventions that may work as enabling technologies for transport, such as the Internet of Things (IoT) and Physical Internet (PI) or reflect broader transformations like Industry 4.0. This work is ultimately a reference tool for researchers and city planners that provides clear and systematic definitions of the ambiguous smart mobility terms of tomorrow and describes their individual and collective roles underpinning the nexus in scope.

Future local passenger transport system scenarios and implications for policy and practice

The world is rapidly changing and the future is uncertain, yet until recently the dominant assumption of the local passenger transport community has been that the existing modal landscape of cars, buses and taxis will remain much as it is now. Such a view is now shifting however, with decision makers now appreciating the need to understand the implications of potentially radical changes in the technological, political, economic, social and environmental spheres. Accordingly, in August 2015 the Public Transport 2045 study was commissioned to consider how different local public transport futures might affect society over the next 30-years, and at how governments might best respond.The multi-phase study was based on individual in-depth interviews with 50 senior local passenger transport operators, government officials, lobbyists and experts from New Zealand and around the world; and four validation workshops with 28 sector stakeholders. The data was analysed using mostly pre-determined themes from which four scenarios were constructed and then validated. The implications are that the local passenger transport system is about to transition to a system of ‘shared mobility’; public transport will need to evolve to stay relevant but will remain important in any scenario; and the role of Government will be vital in overseeing the transition to the shared mobility era. These lessons are now being used to inform transport and broader policy decisions across New Zealand. Overall, the study is the first to apply such a global and qualitatively rich dataset to view the long-term future local passenger transport system as a whole.

Privacy concerns and benefits of engagement with social media-enabled apps: A privacy calculus perspective

Privacy threats in a social media-enabled application (app) can originate from either the institution or other app users. Although privacy in social media is well studied, the role of social (peer) privacy concerns is largely unknown and most privacy studies on mobile apps focus on initial adoption and ignore long-term behavioral outcomes. Drawing on the privacy calculus theory, this study examines the impact of both institutional and social privacy concerns on long-term user engagement with social media-enabled apps. Findings from the analysis of 354 survey responses reveal that both institutional and social privacy concerns decrease engagement. Regarding the antecedents, the perceived sensitivity of information increases institutional privacy concerns. However, social privacy concerns are influenced by the perception of risk and control. Moreover, while the impacts of social and enjoyment benefits are expectedly positive, the perception of efficiency benefits decreases engagement. These findings are further investigated and validated through a follow-up text analysis study, suggesting that users who enjoy the functionality of these apps are more likely to express social privacy concerns and minimize their engagement. This study contributes to the literature of privacy on mobile apps by unraveling the intricate dynamics of privacy concerns and benefits in the social mobile era.

Advancement and research trends of smart learning environments in the mobile era

Currently, the rapid development of modern technologies has been influencing and changing every aspect of our society, in an attempt to make our lives more convenient and intelligent. Constructing and applying Smart Learning Environments (SLEs) is such an effort to offer learners personalised learning experiences both effectively and efficiently. In the past half century, a steady development in the literature on SLEs has been identified. Moreover, most studies have been conducted in the fields of computer science, engineering, mathematics and social science. In the meantime, several technological components of SLEs have been identified as follows: overall, dynamic and open models of learners, mobile technologies and innovative technologies, intelligent cloud service, educational big data and learning analytics. Some salient pedagogical affordances of SLEs have also been presented, such as personalised learning content and paths, cognitive guiding, developing high-order abilities, facilitating diverse learning modes, and fostering autonomous learning and lifelong learning abilities. Finally, several future developmental trends or suggestions are proposed, such as taking learners' self-assessments into consideration when making decisions on personalised guiding, investigating the implementation of strategies and the application effects of the mixed learning modes based on SLEs in different teaching contexts, and so on.

Factors Affecting the Adoption Intention of Electric Vehicles: The Roles of Objective, Perceived and Prospective Accessibility

In the era of new mobility, promoting Electric Vehicle (EV) usage is considered a promising policy to incorporate in the government agenda. While accessibility as a general concept has been recognized as an important factor affecting user’s EV adoption intention, there is a dearth of studies discussing how accessibility determines EV adoption intention. This study uses a novel set of accessibility measures relevant to public EV charging facilities – objective, perceived and prospective accessibility – and investigates how and to what extent these measures affect the EV adoption intention of individuals. The data are primarily based on a recent questionnaire survey of driving license holders in Hong Kong, including both EV owners and non EV owners. The results show that objective accessibility – the number of (population weighted) standard chargers publicly available within five minutes’ walking distance of an individual’s residential district – is highly significant in influencing an individual’s EV purchase intention. Additionally, subjective accessibility, as measured by four Likert-scale questions, is highly significant as well. Moreover, prospective accessibility also significantly influences non EV owner adoption intention. We also find that environmental consciousness and prior experience with EV have significant effects. This study provides a valuable reference for the importance of accessibility of public EV chargers on customer EV adoption intention in the context of a high density Asian city. Based on the findings, we provide a number of policy recommendations that integrate accessibility planning strategies into e-mobility promotion in cities that aspire to promote e-mobility.

To separate or to integrate The normative effect of national culture on organisational ambidexterity of automotive OEMs in transition towards electric mobility

The automotive industry is undergoing a disruptive change towards a new era of electric mobility. This transition is characterised by the critical management challenge of organising and balancing traditional businesses and new venture lines, a phenomenon described as organisational ambidexterity. We investigate how OEMs with different cultural backgrounds handle this challenge. Our suggestion is that national culture plays a crucial role in the firms' organisational implementation of explorative and exploitative work since cultural values affect managerial behaviour and the choice of organisational designs. Based on an in-depth longitudinal analysis of eleven car manufacturers from six nations, this work scrutinises the implementation of different ambidexterity forms and contextualises the results with Hofstede's work on cultural dimensions. Our findings indicate that structural separation of explorative and exploitative behaviour occurs in organisations rooted in long-term oriented, collectivistic and uncertainty avoiding cultures. Integrative forms of ambidexterity are prevalent in organisations rooted in short-term orientated, individualistic and uncertainty accepting cultures.