Mobile Video Communication Research Articles

Research on the Influencing Factors of Social Behavior under Mobile Short-sighted Frequent Broadcasting

As a new form of social media, mobile short video has attracted much attention. However, there is still a lack of research on the influencing factors of mobile short video communication effect. Firstly, this paper introduces the current situation of social behavior development and the future planning of social behavior under mobile short-sighted broadcasting, and then this paper discusses the influencing factors of users' social behavior under mobile short-sighted broadcasting through questionnaire survey and data analysis. The results show that the main factors affecting the short video communication effect are users' sharing behavior, attention behavior, praise behavior and comment behavior, among which sharing behavior contributes the most to the short video communication effect. In the future, the number and scale of mobile short video users will continue to expand, and the influence of users' social behavior on the short video communication effect will be more obvious. Therefore, the platform needs to strengthen the guidance of users' social behavior, improve the communication effect of short videos, let more people share, pay attention to, like and comment, and the content will be more widely spread. In a word, in the end, this paper discusses the influencing factors of social behavior under mobile short-sighted frequent broadcasting, and gives some strategic suggestions and prospects for future development of the platform to guide user behavior. This is of great significance for improving the communication effect of mobile short video, promoting the development of mobile short video industry and promoting user participation.

SP-DSTS-MIMO Scheme-Aided H.266 for Reliable High Data Rate Mobile Video Communication

With the ever growth of Internet users, video applications, and massive data traffic across the network, there is a higher need for reliable bandwidth-efficient multimedia communication. Versatile Video Coding (VVC/H.266) is finalized in September 2020 providing significantly greater compression efficiency compared to Highest Efficient Video Coding (HEVC) while providing versatile effective use for Ultra-High Definition (HD) videos. This article analyzes the quality performance of convolutional codes, turbo codes and self-concatenated convolutional (SCC) codes based on performance metrics for reliable future video communication. The advent of turbo codes was a significant achievement ever in the era of wireless communication approaching nearly the Shannon limit. Turbo codes are operated by the deployment of an interleaver between two Recursive Systematic Convolutional (RSC) encoders in a parallel fashion. Constituent RSC encoders may be operating on the same or different architectures and code rates. The proposed work utilizes the latest source compression standards H.266 and H.265 encoded standards and Sphere Packing modulation aided differential Space Time Spreading (SP-DSTS) for video transmission in order to provide bandwidth-efficient wireless video communication. Moreover, simulation results show that turbo codes defeat convolutional codes with an averaged Eb/N0 gain of 1.5 dB while convolutional codes outperform compared to SCC codes with an Eb/N0 gain of 3.5 dB at Bit Error Rate (BER) of . The Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR) results of convolutional codes with the latest source coding standard of H.266 is plotted against convolutional codes with H.265 and it was concluded H.266 outperform with about 6 dB PSNR gain at Eb/N0 value of 4.5 dB.

An Effective Credit Evaluation Mechanism with Softmax Regression and Blockchain in Power IoT

This paper is oriented to the credit investigation scenario of power grid supply chain enterprises and proposes a blockchain user credit assessment method based on improved Softmax regression in Power IoT. This method first designs a credit-rating mechanism that meets industry characteristics based on business needs. Second, it proposes a user credit evaluation model based on the blockchain architecture. Finally, the improved Softmax regression algorithm is used to train the proposed credit evaluation model, which effectively solves the credit rating. The multiclassification problem has achieved the goal of categorizing the credit rating of the enterprise. The simulation results show that the credit evaluation mechanism proposed in this paper can accurately evaluate the multisource credit data that lacks trust foundation and effectively realize the credit rating of power grid material supply chain enterprises. The credit evaluation mechanism proposed for Power IoT in this paper could have high potential for entity identity authentication and rating for securing mobile video communications.

On Improving the Robustness of MEC with Big Data Analysis for Mobile Video Communication

Mobile video communication and Internet of Things are playing a more and more important role in our daily life. Mobile Edge Computing (MEC), as the essential network architecture for the Internet, can significantly improve the quality of video streaming applications. The mobile devices transferring video flow are often exposed to hostile environment, where they would be damaged by different attackers. Accordingly, Mobile Edge Computing Network is often vulnerable under disruptions, against either natural disasters or human intentional attacks. Therefore, research on secure hub location in MEC, which could obviously enhance the robustness of the network, is highly invaluable. At present, most of the attacks encountered by edge nodes in MEC in the IoT are random attacks or random failures. According to network science, scale-free networks are more robust than the other types of network under the random failures. In this paper, an optimization algorithm is proposed to reorganize the structure of the network according to the amount of information transmitted between edge nodes. BA networks are more robust under random attacks, while WS networks behave better under human intentional attacks. Therefore, we change the structure of the network accordingly, when the attack type is different. Besides, in the MEC networks for mobile video communication, the capacity of each device and the size of the video data influence the structure significantly. The algorithm sufficiently takes the capability of edge nodes and the amount of the information between them into consideration. In robustness test, we set the number of network nodes to be 200 and 500 and increase the attack scale from 0% to 100% to observe the behaviours of the size of the giant component and the robustness calculated for each attack method. Evaluation results show that the proposed algorithm can significantly improve the robustness of the MEC networks and has good potential to be applied in real-world MEC systems.

Stochastic Adaptive Forwarding Strategy Based on Deep Reinforcement Learning for Secure Mobile Video Communications in NDN

Named Data Networking (NDN) can effectively deal with the rapid development of mobile video services. For NDN, selecting a suitable forwarding interface according to the current network status can improve the efficiency of mobile video communication and can also avoid attacks to improve communication security. For this reason, we propose a stochastic adaptive forwarding strategy based on deep reinforcement learning (SAF-DRL) for secure mobile video communications in NDN. For each available forwarding interface, we introduce the twin delayed deep deterministic policy gradient algorithm to obtain a more robust forwarding strategy. Moreover, we conduct various numerical experiments to validate the performance of SAF-DRL. Compared with BR, RFA, SAF, and AFSndn forwarding strategies, the results show that SAF-DRL can reduce the delivery time and the average number of lost packets to improve the performance of NDN.

Go together: providing nonverbal awareness cues to enhance co-located sensation in remote communication

Nowadays, people are easy to have a remote conferencing in different scenarios. However, the potential of mobile video communication has yet to be fully exploited. In our research, we explore providing multiple nonverbal awareness cues to create deeper empathy or understanding between users in the telecommunication. We present our design for the use of remote communication between two geographically separated users. This system provides mutual nonverbal communication cues including independent viewpoint and gesture cue to support natural human-to-human interactions. Using our setups, two users are able to perform multiple joint activities including talking, looking and gesturing together. Finally, users can share co-located sensation and feel themselves “go together” side-by-side in the same place. We performed a evaluation to explore our system’s usability and how multiple awareness cues affect the remote communication. It consists of two experiments: an asymmetric work in which an indoor helper instructed a walking worker and a symmetric collaboration in a more realistic scenario. The positive results show that our design could significantly improve the human-to-human interactions and enhance co-located sensation.

Deep Reinforcement Learning for Mobile Video Offloading in Heterogeneous Cellular Networks

Heterogeneous cellular networks can balance mobile video loads and reduce cell arrangement costs, which is an important technology of future mobile video communication networks. Because of the characteristics of non-convexity of the mobile offloading problem, the design of the optimal strategy is an essential issue. For the sake of ensuring users' quality of service and the long-term overall network utility, this article proposes the distributive optimal method by means of multiple agent reinforcement learning in the downlink heterogeneous cellular networks. In addition, to solve the computational load issue generated by the large action space, deep reinforcement learning is introduced to gain the optimal policy. The learning policy can provide a near-optimal solution efficiently with a fast convergence speed. Simulation results show that the proposed approach is more efficient at improving the performance than the Q-learning method.

Can a Mobile Video Communication Improve Patient Safety in Prehospital Emergency Medicine?

Patient safety is an integral part of medicine and efforts are made to further increase it. However, some areas of medicine are prone to limitations in patient safety; prehospital emergency medicine being one of them. Prehospital emergency medicine treats acute illnesses or life-threatening conditions, therefore affecting the entire population and having huge socioeconomic impact. Some of the factors threatening patient safety are inevitable. Emergencies are by definition time-critical, thus, requiring fast decision making and start of therapy. M-Health offers an opportunity to support this decision making. In this project, funded by the European Union, a mobile high-definition video-connection in real-time was used, to support emergency personnel at the emergency site by a remote expert. This video-communication could balance some factors threatening patient safety, which occur in prehospital emergency medicine.

2-5 低ビットレート動画像実走行通信実験株式会社

2-5 低ビットレート動画像実走行通信実験株式会社

Mobile video communication based on augmented reality

Augmented Reality (AR)–based video telephony service can allow mobile users a better user experience (UX) since it allows participants to place and transmit augmented objects on video frames to a peer. However, there are quite a few AR-based mobile video communication models today, yet the existing models are limited and insufficient in supporting technical service such as real-time object detection, dynamic data selection, and discrimination between local data augmentation and remote data augmentation. This paper presents an enhanced AR–based mobile video telephony scheme, in which the object of interest can be dynamically combined with a video frame through real-time object detection, and users can immediately share their experience with their friend during a video call. In order to evaluate the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed scheme, an application has been implemented on the mobile system and the computational time has been measured. Experimental results show that the proposed system can give customers better UX with small increase of computational time.

Low Complexity HEVC INTRA Coding for High-Quality Mobile Video Communication

INTRA video coding is essential for high quality mobile video communication and industrial video applications since it enhances video quality, prevents error propagation, and facilitates random access. The latest high-efficiency video coding (HEVC) standard has adopted flexible quad-tree-based block structure and complex angular INTRA prediction to improve the coding efficiency. However, these technologies increase the coding complexity significantly, which consumes large hardware resources, computing time and power cost, and is an obstacle for real-time video applications. To reduce the coding complexity and save power cost, we propose a fast INTRA coding unit (CU) depth decision method based on statistical modeling and correlation analyses. First, we analyze the spatial CU depth correlation with different textures and present effective strategies to predict the most probable depth range based on the spatial correlation among CUs. Since the spatial correlation may fail for image boundary and transitional areas between textural and smooth areas, we then present a statistical model-based CU decision approach in which adaptive early termination thresholds are determined and updated based on the rate-distortion (RD) cost distribution, video content, and quantization parameters (QPs). Experimental results show that the proposed method can reduce the complexity by about 56.76% and 55.61% on average for various sequences and configurations; meanwhile, the RD degradation is negligible.

Wireless Cooperative Video Coding Using a Hybrid Digital–Analog Scheme

Wireless video broadcast/multicast and mobile video communication pose a challenge to the conventional video transmission strategy (which applies separate digital source coding and digital channel coding in a point-to-point communication system) and, therefore, cooperative communication has been proposed to improve the received quality of the receivers with bad channels and the robustness to fading (mobility). In this paper we propose a novel wireless cooperative video coding (WCVC) framework. Specifically, we present a cooperative joint source-channel coding scheme that is based on hybrid digital-analog coding and integrates the advantages of digital coding and analog coding. Compared with most state-of-the-art cooperative video delivery methods, no matter for cooperation scenario or noncooperation scenario, the proposed scheme can avoid the staircase effect and realize continuous quality scalability on condition that the channel quality is within the expected range, and it has strong adaptability to channel variation with higher coding efficiency and better fairness among all receivers. Therefore, it is very suitable for wireless cooperative/noncooperative video broadcast/multicast transmission and cooperative/noncooperative mobile video applications. The experimental results show that the proposed WCVC outperforms SoftCast (which is a new analog scheme) and SVC + hierarchical modulation (HM) (which combines H.264/SVC codec and HM technique) no matter the noncooperative scenario or for cooperative scenario, which verify the effectiveness of our proposed WCVC framework.

Wireless Scalable Video Coding Using a Hybrid Digital-Analog Scheme

Wireless video broadcast/multicast and mobile video communication pose a challenge to the conventional video transmission scheme (which consists of separate digital source coding and digital channel coding). The reason is that the separate coding scheme is based on nonscalable coding design, and this unavoidably leads to cliff effect as well as limits the ability to support multiple users with diverse channel conditions. In this paper, we propose a novel wireless scalable video coding (WSVC) framework. Specifically, we present a hybrid digital-analog (HDA) joint source-channel coding (JSCC) scheme that integrates the advantages of digital coding and analog coding. Moreover, the proposed JSCC is able to broadcast one video with different resolutions to fit various devices with different display resolutions. Compared to most state-of-the-art video delivery methods, it avoids the staircase effect and realizes continuous quality scalability (CQS) on condition that the channel quality is within the expected range, and it has strong adaptability to channel variation with higher coding efficiency and better fairness among all receivers. Therefore, it is very suitable for wireless video broadcast/multicast transmission and mobile video applications. The experimental results show that for broadcasting/multicasting the videos with CIF and QCIF resolutions the proposed WSVC outperforms SoftCast (which is a new analog scheme) average 0.60-5.90 dB and 3.39-9.97 dB respectively, outperforms SVC+HM (which combines H.264/SVC codec and hierarchical modulation technique) average 3.87-9.13 dB and 0.27-10.47 dB respectively, and outperforms DCast (which is an up-to-date video delivery scheme) about 0.2-3.3 dB for the video with CIF resolution. The experimental results verify the effectiveness of our proposed WSVC framework.

Multimedia Communications Using a Fast and Flexible DVC to H.264/AVC/SVC Transcoder

The evolution of network technologies and mobile devices (equipped with low-cost video cameras) offer new multimedia services for mobile telephony, such as video communications. However, this kind of multimedia services needs to meet special requirements in terms of low complexity on both sides of the communication. Currently, most of mobile video communications are based on traditional codecs, which concentrates high complexity on the encoder side. Then, Distributed Video Coding tackles the problem of tougher complexity constraints for encoding algorithms at the expense of increasing decoder complexity. Taking into account the benefits of both paradigms, Distributed Video Coding to H.264 transcoding provides such multimedia systems with low complexity on both sides. Moreover, there is a H.264 extension called Scalable Video Coding which supports a variety of networks and devices. This proposed scheme moves the highly-complex processes to the transcoder, which has more resources. However, to achieve a low-delay transmission between mobile devices, transcoder time must be reduced. For this purpose, this paper focuses on reducing the complexity of the transcoder. To start with, the first transcoding stage is improved by means of a multicore processor, which executes the decoding algorithm in parallel. Then, the second stage uses the motion vectors generated during the first decoding stage to reduce the motion estimation complexity of the H.264 encoder and of its scalable extension as well. To support different Distributed Video Coding/H.264 patterns and profiles, the proposed transcoder includes a mapping between different kinds of frames and GOP lengths from both paradigms. As a result, this paper proposes an efficient algorithm to support mobile-to-mobile video communications which reduces the transcoding time about 70 % without significant rate-distortion penalty.

Design of Mobile Video Acquisition and Communication System Based on Embedded Technology

In recent years, video data acquisition and wireless communication are increasingly applied in the field of intelligent transportation and environmental monitoring due to its promising capability. A design of data acquisition and communication system based on embedded technology is proposed in this paper. The architecture is discussed, and the detailed design of the system is given including hardware and software solution. Chip S3C6410 and DM642 were considered as the core of information acquisition and processing. Acquired data was sent to database server on control center with integrating wireless mobile network (CDMA). Through the main page of the website based on LAMP technology, it can realize the remote access of sensor monitoring data and control the devices on the vehicle. It also supports the query of the historical records and download of the acquisition data to the client according to requests. Experiment results show that the working performance of the system is quite stable and can reach the design requirements in real-time data acquisition and remote control. Furthermore, the system has the characteristics of good expansibility, networking flexibility and low cost. The design gives a new way to collect the video data of environment instead of the traditional way using wires or manually.

Temporal Video Transcoding Based on Frame Complexity Analysis for Mobile Video Communication

Mobile communication systems provide more kinds of advanced video services. One of the most significant problems of mobile video communication is to adapt video content to different network characteristics, which is critical to acceptable visual quality of the transmitted videos. This paper proposes a frame selection scheme for temporal video transcoding through frame complexity analysis that consists of visual complexity and temporal coherence. Visual complexity represents the importance of frames and temporal coherence reveals the consequences of frame skipping; both of these two features are good indicators to determine if a frame should be kept. Experimental results show that our proposed method achieves higher visual quality and has more encoded frames than other existing schemes in the same bitrate, which means that our proposed method achieves high accuracy in selecting the representative frames for temporal video transcoding. The proposed method also has better video quality assessment scores than that of other existing methods, which means the proposed method keeps higher level of integrity of the transcoded videos.

Temporal scalable mobile video communications based on an improved WZ-to-SVC transcoder

Wyner–Ziv (WZ) to scalable video coding (SVC) transcoding can offer a suitable framework to support scalable video communications between low-cost devices. In addition, the video delivery provided by SVC covers the needs of a wide range of homogeneous networks and different devices. Despite the advantages of the video transcoding framework, the transcoder accumulates high complexity and it must be reduced in order to avoid excessive delays in communication. In this article, an approach for WZ to SVC transcoding is presented. The information generated during the first stage is reused during the second one, and as a consequence the time taken by the transcoding is reduced by around 77.77%, with a negligible rate-distortion penalty.

Towards human-centered optimization of mobile sign language video communication

The mainstream adoption of mobile video communication, especially among deaf and hard-of-hearing people, is heavily reliant on cellular network capacity. Video compression lowers the rate at which video content is transmitted; however, intelligibility may be sacrificed. Currently, there is not a standard method to evaluate video intelligibility, or a good communication model on which to base evaluation. I am developing a better theoretical model, the Human Signal Intelligibility (HSI) , to evaluate intelligibility of lowered video quality for the purpose of reducing bandwidth consumption and extending cell phone battery duration. The goal of my dissertation is to advance mobile sign language video communication so it does not rely on higher cellular network bandwidth capacities. I will conduct this work by (1) identifying the components in the HSI model that make up intelligibility of a communication signal and separating those from the comprehensibility of a communication signal; and (2) using this model to identify how low video quality can get before the intelligibility of video content is sacrificed. Thus far, I have evaluated the use of mobile video communication among deaf and hard-of-hearing teenagers; developed two new power-saving algorithms; and quantified battery savings and evaluated user perception when those algorithms are applied.

Applications of Reed-Solomon codes in mobile digital video communications systems

In this paper, we analyse a decoding algorithm, which corrects both erasures and errors for Reed-Solomon (RS) codes based on the Euclidean algorithm together with the Berlekamp-Massey (BM) algorithm. We present and discuss the implementation of RS codes in the digital video broadcasting (DVB) standards and give a brief review of the new DVB-H standard. Analysis and simulation of the symbol error rate (SER) versus the output SER for the Reed-Solomon code used for the multi-protocol encapsulation-forward error correction (MPE-FEC) block in DVB-H has been conducted.

Live@Dublin > delayed@Tampere

Video has gone extremely mobile, even in real-time. Mobile phones with video capabilities and internet connection played significant roles in causing this outcome. In this video presentation I talk about a study called “Live@Dublin -- Mobile Phone Live Video Group Communication Experiment,” the results of which were presented for the first time at the EuroiTV 2008 Conference in Salzburg. The study was done to better understand the possibilities of live video in the area of everyday group communication. I discuss the Live@Dublin experiment in a video which I recorded in Tampere, Finland. By producing the video in a mobile context, with a portable video camera and via the “alone-at-night method”, I wanted to bring out the most important questions about mobile video communication, so that everyone could also fill in between the lines. There are many possibilities but also many challenges before mobile phone live video becomes really main stream. On the basis of our studies, I discuss roles in video communication and preferences for live or delayed video. I strongly believe that mobile phone live video will become an important communication method in the future because people always carry mobile phones with them and because their use enriches and enhances the context. Physical limitations of time and space are also diminishing in everyday interactions.