Mobile Interface Research Articles

Real-Time Flood Forecasting and Warning: A Comprehensive Approach toward HCI-Centric Mobile App Development

This article discusses the design, development, and usability assessment of a mobile system for producing hydrological predictions and sending flood warnings in response to the desire for human-centered technology to better the management of flood occurrences. Our work acts as a bibliographic reference for understanding what others have attempted and found, as well as gives an integrated set of recommendations. Furthermore, our guidelines offer guidance to aid in the design of mobile GIS-based hydrological models for mobile devices. We concentrate on the full design of a human–computer interaction framework for an effective flood prediction and warning system. In addition, we analyze and address the current user needs and requirements for building a user interface for mobile real-time flood forecasting in a methodical manner. Although a functional prototype was created, the primary objective of this research was to comprehend the complexity of possible users’ demands and actual use situations in order to solve the problem of comparable systems being difficult to use. After consulting with possible consumers, application design standards were established and implemented in the initial prototype. Focusing on user demands and attitudes, special consideration was given to the usability of the mobile interface. To develop the application, a variety of assessment methods are added. The conclusion of the examination was that the system is efficient and effective.

An IoT-based Smart Home Application with Barrier-Free Stairs for Disabled/Elderly People

Home automation based on the Internet of Things (IoT) includes various components such as lighting, security, and remote control. Smart Home (SH) components should be varied and customised according to the user's specific needs. Therefore, in this study, a SH system needed by users with specials is designed and implemented on a model. The NodeMCU microcontroller with ESP8266 Wi-Fi module, Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) tags, temperature-humidity, motion detection, gas and moisture sensors and several actuators are used to build the system. Thanks to If This Then That (IFTTT), Google Assistant, and Blynk, the SH components can be managed remotely and with voice commands via a user-friendly Android-based mobile interface. The multiple control system and the ability to control the home components with different methods make this study comprehensive. In particular, the barrier-free stairs design has added innovation to the SH system for disabled people. Thus, the accessibility, security, and comfort requirements of disabled people are met, and their quality of life is improved to live independently.

A Blockchain Technology to Secure Electronic Health Records in Healthcare System

The study proposes a blockchain-based patient-centric EHR solution for India. The proposed framework would provide a secure health infrastructure system, make data tampering impossible, enable just-in-time availability of healthcare information, remove handwritten prescriptions, and of er end-to-end monitoring, and increase patient privacy and record management. The research connects to hospital databases to incorporate previous handwritten prescriptions into the new system. In the Hyperledger Fabric-based design, patients will view, write, and control authorization to their medical information through a web or mobile interface. During implementation, we used a network model with three companies and three peers. When write block duration is raised from 250 ms to 2s, 250 tps throughput improves by 4x. Block size 20 is 50% faster than block size 40, improving network performance. Since the network model's CPU utilization has remained steady over time, a drop in block size and an increase in block time will lead to a considerable decrease in network latency, boosting network performance.

Deep Learning-Based Model Using DensNet201 for Mobile User Interface Evaluation

Human-centered AI plays a vital role in ensuring that human capabilities and ideas are tailored to meet efficiently the data requirements. The main idea is focusing on making machines learn from human behavior in many fields including e-learning, mobile computing, e-health. In this context, sales of mobile devices are rising every day and Mobile User Interfaces (MUI) for smartphones and tablets are attracting greater attention. In this way, there are widely development tools of new mobile services. Moreover, there are useful mobile apps that help users in their daily living such as health, entertainment, games, social networking, weather, e-learning, logistics and transport. The mobile user interfaces have become a necessity for the user’s satisfaction. In this context, the evaluation of Mobile User Interfaces (MUI) is a fundamental dimension in the success of mobile apps. Generally, there are two main classes of user interface evaluation methods: manual and automatic. The first category is conducted by users or experts to evaluate the visual design quality of MUIs. Nevertheless, it is more time-consuming task. The second category used an automatic tool, that require preconfiguration in the source code. However, this configuration is a difficult task for non-programmer evaluators. To address this issue, we propose an evaluation method based on the analysis of graphical MUI as screenshot without using the source code and user participation. The proposed method combines the Densnet201 architecture and K-Nearest Neighbours (KNN) classifier to assess the MUIs. First, we apply the Borderline-SMOTE method to obtain a balanced dataset. Then, the GoogleNet is used to extract automatically the features of MUI. Finally, we apply the KNN classifier to classify the MUIs as good or bad. We evaluate this approach based on publicly available large-scale datasets. The obtained results are very promising and shows the efficiency of the proposed model with an average of 93% of accuracy. This model implemented for the mobile application designers and it aims for improving the quality of MUIs. In fact, the MUIs evaluation can decrease the misunderstanding of the user needs and improve the design and usability in order to reach the user satisfaction.

Research on the Usability Evaluation Model of Mobile Application Interface Design for Active Senior

Advances in information technology and the COVID-19 that has been sweeping the world since 2019 have affected people’s lives and changed their consumption patterns in various ways, and the non-face-to-face consumption culture that has emerged from them has led to an increasing national usage rate of mobile applications. However, due to the initial aging of their bodies, the active elderly encounter difficulties in using mobile applications, such as the inability to use them smoothly due to the complicated design process or the difficulty in recognizing the font size, especially since the current mobile application interface is mainly designed with the younger generation in mind. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the usability of their mobile applications in order to make them use mobile shopping applications more easily and efficiently. Accordingly, the purpose of this thesis is to compile and summarize the characteristics of the active elderly and their mobile application status through the literature research method through relevant data and prior studies, and to grasp the main barriers to their use of mobile shopping applications. It also summarizes the visual elements of mobile shopping application interface into five elements: color, layout, icon, typography, and navigation. Secondly, based on the expert heuristic usability evaluation principles, specific usability evaluation principles are determined for the usability evaluation of mobile interfaces by combining the characteristics of active seniors, so as to establish a usability evaluation model of interface design that is relevant to active senior.

Co-design of the Transgender Health Information Resource: Web-Based Participatory Design.

There is an urgent and unmet need for accessible and credible health information within the transgender and gender-diverse (TGD) community. Currently, TGD individuals often seek and must find relevant resources by vetting social media posts. A resource that provides accessible and credible health-related resources and content via a mobile phone app may have a positive impact on and support the TGD population. COVID-19 stay-at-home orders forced a shift in the methods used in participatory design. In this paper, we aimed to describe the web-based participatory methods used to develop the Transgender Health Information Resource. We also described and characterized the web-based engagement that occurred during a single session of the overall design process. We planned and conducted web-based design sessions to replace the proposed in-person sessions. We used web-based collaborative tools, including Zoom (Zoom Video Communications), Mural (Mural), REDCap (Research Electronic Data Capture; Vanderbilt University), and Justinmind (Justinmind), to engage the participants in the design process. Zoom was used as an integrated platform for design activities. Mural was used to perform exercises, such as free listing, brainstorming, and grouping. REDCap allowed us to collect survey responses. Justinmind was used to create prototypes that were shared and discussed via Zoom. Recruitment was led by one of our community partners, One Colorado, who used private Facebook groups in which web-based flyers were dispersed. The design process took place in several workshops over a period of 10 months. We described and characterized engagement during a single design session by tracking the number of influential interactions among participants. We defined an influential interaction as communication, either verbal or web-based content manipulation, that advanced the design process. We presented data from a single design session that lasted 1 hour and 48 minutes and included 4 participants. During the session, there were 301 influential interactions, consisting of 79 verbal comments and 222 web-based content manipulations. Web-based participatory design can elicit input and decisions from participants to develop a health information resource, such as a mobile app user interface. Overall, participants were highly engaged. This approach maintained the benefits and fidelity of traditional in-person design sessions, mitigated deficits, and exploited the previously unconsidered benefits of web-based methods, such as enhancing the ability to participate for those who live far from academic institutions. The web-based approach to participatory design was an efficient and feasible methodological design approach.

Design and evaluation of a driver intent based mobile control interface for ground vehicles

Design and evaluation of a driver intent based mobile control interface for ground vehicles

Design Of Health Service Mobile Application Interface Using User Centered Design Method

: In this modern era, many things that have been digitized indirectly help in community activities, especially in obtaining public service facilities. This clinic is one of the public facilities in Purwakarta Regency which is engaged in health services to facilitate services to the community. One of the efforts of this Clinic is to continue to provide effective and efficient health facilities under any circumstances and aims to increase the attractiveness of patients to the clinic. The purpose of this research is to design a health service mobile application interface using the User Centered Design method to provide health service information to the general public. User centered design is a design process that focuses on user needs, by carrying out 5 stages, namely Understand Context of Use, Specify User Requirements, Design Solutions, Evaluate Against Requirements. Products developed using this method are optimized for users and emphasized on how the user needs or wants to use a product. Interface testing uses the Single Ease Question as a measure of the success rate of interface design that has been made. The results of this study resulted in an interface design that is in accordance with the characteristics of the general public, this is evidenced by the results of the evaluation using the Single Ease Question getting an average score of 6.7 out of 5 assignments given to 5 respondents during the testing stage, so it can be concluded that the score It has a good level of convenience and is easy to use.

Performance optimization of 5G NR technology for industrial automation

Communication over the wireless has significantly evolved to the level where it is capable of supporting the essential controlling mechanisms of the high-definition automated industrial process. The Fifth-Generation (5G) mobile networking air-based interface, named New Radio (5GNR), is presently capable of adopting scalable control and subband data transmission for small data packets, which has made it efficiently compatible for the critical controlling application of industrial automation processes. The minimum cycle time is used as a reliable parameter for an indication of the healthy techniques for industrial wireless telecommunication, but it has not undergone deep investigation within the framework of modern 5G technology. For addressing such types of challenges, this paper has taken into consideration 5G-based industrial automation process control through wireless networking by using a delay optimization approach associated with data-base channel control using the Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) approach for solving the proposed evaluation of a reliable minimum cycle time over 5G network communication.

Research on UI visual interface design of local museum under digital background

With the rapid development of mobile internet, competition among similar software has become increasingly fierce. To stand out in this highly competitive market, in addition to having unique features, emphasis must be placed on creative UI design and finely categorizing it into mobile interactive interface design apps. This article's "Cloud Tourism" museum app relies on Internet of Things technology, mobile communication technology, cloud computing technology, artificial intelligence technology, and mobile interaction technology to provide users with high-quality experiences through perceptual, interconnected, intelligent, and flat design. This article provides a detailed introduction to the main design process, with the aim of making the interaction between people and software more comfortable, simple, and natural.

Design and evaluation of a driver intent based mobile control interface for ground vehicles

Design and evaluation of a driver intent based mobile control interface for ground vehicles

Numerical study on the effect of thermal diffusivity ratio in phase change heat transfer of crude-oil using lattice Boltzmann method

When the long distance crude-oil pipe-line is stopped, the crude-oil will solidify gradually with the decrease of the temperature in the pipe-line. The solid-liquid thermal diffusivity can reflect the ability of heat diffusion in the phase change heat transfer process of crude-oil stop-transport. Based on the mathematical model of oil phase transition heat transfer established by enthalpy method, the lattice Boltzmann method is used to solve the governing equations of oil phase transition heat transfer. According to the simulation results, the phase change heat transfer process of crude-oil is divided into three-stages, and the mechanism of the phase change heat transfer process of crude-oil is studied. The results show that the influence of solid-liquid thermal diffusion ratio increase gradually with time. When Fourier number ?0.043, Nusselt number and convective heat transfer intensity of mobile phase interface slightly decrease with the increase of solid-liquid thermal diffusivity ratio. The research results of this paper can provide a reference for controlling the stoppage time of pipe-line.

Adapting Mobile User Interfaces based on users' application usage behaviours

Adapting Mobile User Interfaces based on users' application usage behaviours

The Use of Wireless Networks and Mobile Applications in the Control of Electric Machines

The paper presents the implementation possibilities of remote control by use of wireless communication and mobile application dedicated to controlling systems of power electronics converters. The article focuses on Bluetooth and Wi-Fi technologies as they are currently the most commonly used in modern mobile devices. The authors wanted to check the usefulness of those methods in the application of a classic drive set with a DC motor. The MIT App Inventor programming environment, which allows quick prototyping of the mobile graphical interface, was used to develop the mobile application. The developed prototype of the mobile application is the second thread of the article, the aim of which is to propose a mobile application interface that enables safe control of the electric drive in an open loop. By repeated testing of the graphical structure of the application and the controls used, the authors obtained the final form of the interface, which, in their opinion, is absolutely required when developing such programs. The evaluated control strategy has been also used to control the rotational speed of a permanent magnet DC motor supplied by a three-phase thyristor rectifier. This paper’s research results have shown the proposed solutions’ advantages and disadvantages.

Analysis of the Impact of Human Activities on Indoor Air Quality with Internet of Things Based e-Nose

Air pollution has become a severe problem in most of the world and is among the governments' prior subjects. In the present time, urban dwellers spend most of their time in confined spaces such as home, office, school, shopping malls, and gyms. Contaminant gases (CO2, CO, NO2) and particulate matters arising from occupant activities such as exercise, sleeping, cooking, smoking, and cleaning are among the most critical factors which influence indoor air quality. Such gasses and particulate matter depend on human activities lower indoor air quality; hence, they cause many serious health problems, especially respiratory tract, cardiovascular and dermatological diseases. In this study, the indoor air quality of housing is examined depending upon occupant activities. Air quality parameters of temperature, humidity, CO2, CO, PM10, NO2, which are collected from the bathroom, kitchen, living room and bedroom of the housing, are measured using 32-bit ESP32 controller and a set of air quality sensors Obtained air quality data is saved to cloud server by the help of mobile user interface developed through Blynk IoT platform. As a result of the analysis, it is observed that occupant activities like sleeping, shower, laundry, and cooking adversely affect indoor air quality.

AN IN-DEPTH EVALUATION OF FREQUENCY-AWARE SCHEDULER FOR IMPROVING USER EXPERIENCE ON MOBILE DEVICES

Mobile devices are more and more invading our daily life. Users of such devices expect to have a good experience, which is mainly linked with performance. However, higher performance also means a reduction in battery life, negatively contributing to the overall user experience. A common way to balance this performance-battery trade-off is to reduce CPU frequency when underload with Dynamic Voltage and Frequency Scaling. In our previous work, we introduced a Frequency-Aware Completely Fair Scheduler (called FA-CFS), which helps in reducing battery consumption and increasing the smoothness of mobile interface browsing. However, the current evaluation of FA-CFS model is only at quantitative results of power consumption rather than user experience on using their mobile device. In this paper, we perform an in-depth evaluation of the FA-CFS model, both quantitative results for system performance evaluation and qualitative results for user experience on mobile device usage. The experiments show that FA-CFS can reduce the rate of interface frame time peaks by up to 40% in terms of quantitative results and obtains a quantifiable impact on the quality of user experience with a quicker, more responsive interface.

A Deep Transfer Learning Based Visual Complexity Evaluation Approach to Mobile User Interfaces

Visual complexity is an important factor affecting the efficiency and functionality of user interfaces. Its impact on the user's impression and the usability is significant, especially for mobile applications with constraints such as layout size, on screen keys and small input fields. Conventional approaches for visual complexity evaluation of user interfaces are either based on user evaluations with surveys or based on pre-specified formal metrics or on heuristics. Alternatively, in this study, we have explored the effectiveness of deep learning models for visual complexity evaluation, specifically, of mobile user interfaces. We have experimented with five state of the art pre-trained deep learning models known to be effective for computer vision tasks, namely, VGG16, DenseNet121, MobileNetv2, GoogleNet and ResNet152 were trained with 3635 different mobile user interface images as login, menu, search and settings. Furthermore, in order to validate the effectiveness of this approach, a new validation dataset and survey application was developed and an evaluation study was conducted with 98 participants where 7309 comparison result were obtained from the study. It was found that the agreement rate between the results of deep learning models and the user evaluations was up to 78% and 74% on the average. The high to moderate agreement rate between the results of deep learning models and the user evaluations reveals that this approach can be useful for designers in visual complexity evaluation of mobile user interfaces.

Learning Semantically Rich Network-based Multi-modal Mobile User Interface Embeddings

Semantically rich information from multiple modalities—text, code, images, categorical and numerical data—co-exist in the user interface (UI) design of mobile applications. Moreover, each UI design is composed of inter-linked UI entities that support different functions of an application, e.g., a UI screen comprising a UI taskbar, a menu, and multiple button elements. Existing UI representation learning methods unfortunately are not designed to capture multi-modal and linkage structure between UI entities. To support effective search and recommendation applications over mobile UIs, we need UI representations that integrate latent semantics present in both multi-modal information and linkages between UI entities. In this article, we present a novel self-supervised model—Multi-modal Attention-based Attributed Network Embedding (MAAN) model. MAAN is designed to capture structural network information present within the linkages between UI entities, as well as multi-modal attributes of the UI entity nodes. Based on the variational autoencoder framework, MAAN learns semantically rich UI embeddings in a self-supervised manner by reconstructing the attributes of UI entities and the linkages between them. The generated embeddings can be applied to a variety of downstream tasks: predicting UI elements associated with UI screens, inferring missing UI screen and element attributes, predicting UI user ratings, and retrieving UIs. Extensive experiments, including user evaluations, conducted on datasets from RICO, a rich real-world mobile UI repository, demonstrate that MAAN out-performs other state-of-the-art models. The number of linkages between UI entities can provide further information on the role of different UI entities in UI designs. However, MAAN does not capture edge attributes. To extend and generalize MAAN to learn even richer UI embeddings, we further propose EMAAN to capture edge attributes. We conduct additional extensive experiments on EMAAN, which show that it improves the performance of MAAN and similarly out-performs state-of-the-art models.

Possibilities for a Quick Onsite Safety-State Assessment of Stand-Alone Lithium-Ion Batteries

Electric vehicles’ high-voltage lithium-ion batteries are complex systems and can be sources of several hazards for interacting people. Sophisticated battery management systems (BMS) therefore constantly monitor their characteristics and varying states, to keep the battery within desired operational conditions and to mitigate safety risks as well as excessive degradation. However, there can be several situations where the battery is not in normal operation (e.g., a stand-alone battery) and a fully functional BMS monitoring function is not available. When necessary to interact with the system, its safety state must be deduced to ensure the safety of interactors. This can be a challenging task depending on a situation’s characteristics (time pressure, technical knowledge of involved people). Thus, this article discusses how the safety state of electric vehicle batteries can be evaluated quickly even by untrained people. To develop a solution, different scenarios, which require a battery’s state assessment, and the options for collecting relevant information are motivated and discussed, respectively. Finally, a mobile interface that can evaluate and display the safety state by using BMS-internal data is described and demonstrated.

An Intelligent IEQ Monitoring and Feedback System: Development and Applications

Indoor environmental quality (IEQ) significantly affects human health and wellbeing. Therefore, continuous IEQ monitoring and feedback is of great concern in both the industrial and academic communities. However, most existing studies only focus on developing sensors that cost-effectively promote IEQ measurement while ignoring interactions between the human side and IEQ monitoring. In this study, an intelligent IEQ monitoring and feedback system (IBEM) is developed. Firstly, the IBEM hardware instrument integrates air temperature, relative humidity, CO 2 , particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter no greater than 2.5 μm (PM 2.5 ), and illuminance sensors within a small device. The accuracy of this integrated device was tested through a co-location experiment with reference sensors; the device exhibited a strong correlation with the reference sensors, with a slight deviation ( R 2 > 0.97 and slopes between 1.01 and 1.05). Secondly, a wireless data transmission module, a cloud storage module, and graphical user interfaces (i.e., a web platform and mobile interface) were built to establish a pathway for dataflow and interactive feedback with the occupants of the indoor environments. Thus, the IEQ parameters can be continuously monitored with a high spatiotemporal resolution, interactive feedback can be induced, and synchronous data collection on occupant satisfaction and objective environmental parameters can be realized. IBEM has been widely applied in 131 buildings in 18 cities in China, with 1188 sample locations. Among these applications, we report on the targeted IEQ diagnoses of two individual buildings and the exploration of relationships between subjective and objective IEQ data in detail here. This work demonstrates the great value of IBEM in both industrial and academic research.