Development Of Mobile Services Research Articles

A Proposal for a Mobility-Control Data Transfer Mechanism Based on a Block Network Utilizing End-to-End Authentication Data

Advances in communications technology have had tremendous influence on network implementation to date, and as communication devices get smaller and technologies more intelligent, a great number of solutions are emerging that converge communications with a multitude of domains. In particular, as transportation modes assisting with mobility have developed, many studies are in the pipeline on the domain of mobility. The development of mobility services has prompted the spread of car sharing, which also highlights the need for a system that controls shared vehicles. The data of such control system can be used not only for the operational management of vehicles but also the management of users in terms of user driving analysis or monitoring safe driving. In addition, it can be utilized in a variety of other applications that analyze traffic flow based on vehicle driving data, determine required vehicle maintenance intervals, or schedule vehicle maintenance in advance. However, if forged/altered by a third party, control data might pose a lot of challenges to data utilization. This study proposes a mechanism that manages control data on a blockchain to enhance the integrity of control data created in the communications process. In this paper, we propose a mechanism for applying a blockchain to the communication process between clients and servers. In the proposed mechanism, platform operators generate and provide independent identification information and identification numbers for users. The identification information and identification numbers are used to prove that the generated blocks were created by specific users. Data generated by clients create a block with a hash including user identification information alongside the user identification number. Verification of the generated block is performed on the platform vendor’s server, validating that the user identification number in the block matches the server-side user identification information and the hash of the data within the block. Thus, even when the contents of the block are shared in a public blockchain environment, user identification information is only held by the server and clients, preventing third parties from impersonating specific users to create data blocks. Furthermore, the verification process of the data includes hashes received from other nearby vehicles, preventing data tampering by the block creator.

РОЗВИТОК МОБІЛЬНИХ ПЛАТЕЖНИХ СЕРВІСІВ: МАРКЕТИНГ FINTECH ПРОДУКТІВ

In today's world, financial technology (FinTech) has become an integral part of everyday life, significantly changing the way people interact with financial services. One of the most dynamically developing industries is mobile payment services. They provide a fast, convenient and secure way to carry out financial transactions through mobile devices. However, despite the rapid spread of mobile payment services, there are a number of problems and challenges associated with their development and promotion on the market. The purpose of the study is to analyze the development of mobile payment services in the context of FinTech, as well as to develop effective marketing strategies for promoting these products on the market. The object of the study is mobile payment services as an innovative segment of FinTech and their marketing in the modern market, namely aspects related to the development, implementation, promotion and use of mobile payment services. Scientific publications and monographic editions, magazine articles and materials of scientific and practical conferences became the methodological basis of the research. Content analysis of scientific periodicals was used during the research; comparative critical analysis of existing approaches and methods of analysis of financial stability and tax burden; statistical methods of analysis. The main hypothesis of the research is that effective marketing strategies focused on technological innovation, personalization of user experience and taking into account the cultural characteristics of markets significantly increase the adoption and use of mobile payment services among consumers. Summary of the main material. Innovative technologies and platforms based on the concept of embedded finance and their potential to change and transform the financial sphere are highlighted. The technological, economic and regulatory aspects of the use of embedded finance are analyzed, and the key challenges and opportunities associated with their application are identified. As a result of the study, it is established that integrated finance can become a significant factor in accelerating the innovative development of the financial sector, improving the quality of financial services, and ensuring greater accessibility and efficiency in the provision of financial products and services. Originality and practical significance. The originality of the scientific article lies in the comprehensive approach to the study of mobile payment services through the prism of marketing strategies in the FinTech sector. Despite the considerable interest in the technological aspects of mobile payments, the issues of effective marketing of these products remain less studied. The practical significance of the article is that the research results can be used by both FinTech companies and marketing specialists to improve their strategies and increase the efficiency of mobile payment services. Conclusions and prospects for further research. The analysis showed that the introduction of the latest technologies, such as blockchain, artificial intelligence and biometric authentication methods, significantly increases the security and convenience of mobile payment services, which contributes to their popularization among consumers. The combination of technological innovation, personalization and cultural adaptation in marketing strategies is the key to successful promotion of mobile payment services. Further research is needed to assess the long-term consequences of introducing new technologies into mobile payment services. Particular attention should be paid to data security and confidentiality.

ОХРАНА МАТЕРИНСТВА И ДЕТСТВА В ДЕМОГРАФИЧЕСКОЙ ПОЛИТИКЕ СОВЕТСКОЙ ВЛАСТИ В ГОРНОМ АЛТАЕ

The paper highlights the formation and further development of the system of maternity and childhood protection as one of the most important spheres of the Soviet healthcare in 1920s–30s. The field of child protection in the in Gorny Altai was in particular need of expanding the forms and methods of work, since child mortality rates at the beginning of the 20s were quite high. There was no specialized work on the protection of motherhood and childhood; there were no trained personnel. The development of diseases, and consequently mortality, was facilitated by unfavorable living conditions of the local population, lack of hygienic culture and regular movements of the population throughout the region. The solution to this problem was facilitated by the introduction of Soviet legislation on labor protection for pregnant and lactating women and their children. Since the mid-20s, commissions to promote the protection of motherhood and childhood were formed in the region, which carried out active educational and organizational work. The organization of mobile institutions for the protection of motherhood and childhood played a great role in solving the problem. In addition to a few stationary consultations, mobile institutions assumed the responsibility of providing assistance to the population of the region leading a nomadic and semi-nomadic lifestyle. In large population centers, the consultation stopped for more than a month, conducting surveys and providing ongoing assistance in remote areas of the mountainous terrain. Along with providing medical care, mobile consultation workers provided explanations about religious prejudices and superstitions. The data presented show the features of the formation of stationary institutions, the development of mobile services for mother and child care in the Oirot Autonomous Region. A positive result was a decrease in child and maternal mortality and an improvement in demographic indicators in the country.

Driving factors behind mobile payment app users’ continuance intention: insights for service providers in Malaysia

PurposeAs the competition to retain current and attract new mobile payment app users intensifies, meeting users’ needs has become fundamental for mobile payment app service providers to stay competitive. This study aims to investigate the relationship between users’ needs, users’ attitude towards mobile payment apps and users’ continuance intention to use mobile payment apps.Design/methodology/approachFollowing an exploratory sequential mixed methods research design, this study first conducted three focus groups in the qualitative phase to investigate issues or concerns faced by current users of mobile payment apps. The study then conducted an online questionnaire survey in the quantitative phase to collect responses from users of mobile payment apps. Partial least squares structural equation modelling was used to analyse 110 valid responses.FindingsFindings show that usefulness (modelled as a second-order reflective construct consisting of three first-order reflective constructs, i.e. ease of use, acceptability and responsiveness), traceability and security had a statistically significant relationship with attitude towards mobile payment apps (which in turn had a statistically significant relationship with continuance intention to use mobile payment apps). It was also found that attitude towards mobile payment mediated the relationships between usefulness, traceability and security; and continuance intention to use mobile payment apps.Practical implicationsThe findings of this study can help mobile payment app service providers and developers design apps that offer the functions and features that their users need.Originality/valueAlthough some recent studies have investigated the adoption of mobile payments in the Malaysian context, few of these studies examined current users’ continuance intention to use mobile payment apps.

Workshop synthesis: Virtual reality, visualization and interactivity in travel survey, where we are and possible future directions

This paper summarizes the discussion of the workshop B16 “Virtual reality, visualization and interactivity in travel survey, where we are and possible future directions”. The workshop involved three sessions over the course of the conference. First two sessions discussed the current state of research, challenges, and possible future directions. The last session focused on synthesis of a research agenda for the next five years. It was concluded that the VR/AR tools and platforms provide a unique opportunity to proactively investigate the travel behaviour changes that are expected to happen due to the development and adoption of disruptive mobility technologies and services as well as virtual worlds and digital twins.

FINANCIAL STATE AND DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS OF THE OPERATORS IN THE MOBILE MARKET

The article provides an in-depth investigation of the financial and economic state of the operators in the mobile market and a determination of the prospects for their further functioning.To achieve this goal, a wide range of general scientific and special methods were used, the main ones being: methods of generalization and synthesis, scientific abstraction, analytical diagnostics, induction and deduction method, statistical method of standard deviation (absolute and relative) based on the use of representative sample observation.The conducted analysis of the financial and economic status of the target market participants showed that the mobile market operators demonstrated a relative increase in revenues during the research period, where the largest share of profitability remains with the market leader - PJSC Kyivstar.In the course of identifying the potential financial and economic opportunities for the companies in the mobile communications market, it was found that it is extremely important for the operators to address the issue of building capacity for the development of new communications standards, where mobile Internet, mobile advertising, and the creation of new tariffs and services remain among the promising areas.On the basis of the conducted research, it is identified the key directions of the target market development, which consists of the improvement and diversification of mobile communication services through the transformation and reorientation of business processes, the formation of "smart" infrastructure and increasing the level of economic efficiency of market operators. It is proved that only if strategic priorities are implemented in the direction of creating an attractive investment climate in the mobile market, there are prospects for sustainable business development and continuity of mobile communication services to meet the needs of consumers and maximize profits for enterprises in the industry.

The evaluation of EMI characteristics of 4G-IMT system on FAST around its RQZ

Mobile communication base stations have become ubiquitous with the popularization and development of mobile communication services. Although the Chinese government has designated a radio quiet zone (RQZ) specifically for Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope (FAST), the 4G International Mobile Telecommunications (4G-IMT) system is still heavily used to meet the communication needs around the RQZ. To assess the Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) caused by 4G-IMT base stations on the performance of FAST, this paper employs the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) deterministic radio wave propagation prediction model. The interference of 4G-IMT base stations on FAST is evaluated based on relevant parameters, such as the frequency used by both FAST and the base station, in conjunction with the FAST threshold protection requirements. The results indicate that 47.73 % of the data exceed the radio astronomy protection threshold of FAST. In addition, a field experiment was conducted to verify the accuracy of the radio wave propagation prediction method used. The root-mean-square error between the predicted value and the measured value was found to be 6.94 dB, supporting the accuracy of the predicted results. The findings of this study can help suppress interference from mobile communication services around the RQZ of FAST and optimize the electromagnetic environment around FAST.

Joint Optimization of Caching Placement and Power Allocation in Virtualized Satellite-Terrestrial Network

With the rapid development of mobile services and applications, the transmitting of massive data makes low-cost communication a challenge. Edge-based wireless communication technology is developed to be a promising approach to satisfy the communication requirements. Edge caching technology is one of effective methods to reduce the overhead of communication system and the pressure of backhauls. In this paper, the joint optimization problem of caching placement and power allocation in virtualized low earth orbit (LEO) satellite-terrestrial networks is proposed, which is based on cooperative caching, by considering cache size limits and power constraints. The optimization problem is solved using an algorithm inspired by the courtship movements and random flights of mayflies. Simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed scheme in improving system performance and reducing power consumption.

Towards efficient Secure Boolean Range Query over encrypted spatial data

In recent years, the development of mobile application services and geographic positioning technology has promoted the rapid growth of spatio-textual data. Boolean Range Query (BRQ) can return all objects containing all query keywords within the query range. In order to save the overhead of storage and management, users usually encrypt their spatio-textual data and outsource them to the cloud server. We focus on how to realize efficient secure boolean range query over encrypted spatio-textual data, and propose a Secure Boolean Range Query scheme (SBRQ) in this paper. To realize efficient range query over high-dimensional space, Hilbert curve is employed to reduce the dimension of space. The secure index based on the Quadtree structure is built to further improve the query efficiency, which avoids scanning the whole database, and therefore achieves sub-linear query complexity. The secure KNN algorithm is adopted to ensure data security. The security of SBRQ is analyzed from the index security and the token security, which shows that SBRQ is IND-SCPA secure with different leakage functions. Based on a series of experiments, SBRQ provides better query efficiency than other typical schemes.

Overlapping Coalition Formation Game via Multi-Objective Optimization for Crowdsensing Task Allocation

With the rapid development of sensor technology and mobile services, the service model of mobile crowd sensing (MCS) has emerged. In this model, user groups perceive data through carried mobile terminal devices, thereby completing large-scale and distributed tasks. Task allocation is an important link in MCS, but the interests of task publishers, users, and platforms often conflict. Therefore, to improve the performance of MCS task allocation, this study proposes a repeated overlapping coalition formation game MCS task allocation scheme based on multiple-objective particle swarm optimization (ROCG-MOPSO). The overlapping coalition formation (OCF) game model is used to describe the resource allocation relationship between users and tasks, and design two game strategies, allowing users to form overlapping coalitions for different sensing tasks. Multi-objective optimization, on the other hand, is a strategy that considers multiple interests simultaneously in optimization problems. Therefore, we use the multi-objective particle swarm optimization algorithm to adjust the parameters of the OCF to better balance the interests of task publishers, users, and platforms and thus obtain a more optimal task allocation scheme. To verify the effectiveness of ROCG-MOPSO, we conduct experiments on a dataset and compare the results with the schemes in the related literature. The experimental results show that our ROCG-MOPSO performs superiorly on key performance indicators such as average user revenue, platform revenue, task completion rate, and user average surplus resources.

Development of mobile services for weather observation information

Development of mobile services for weather observation information

Trip planning mobile application: a perspective case study of user experience

Abstract Mobile trip planning applications may contribute to popularising public transport, provided they work efficiently and gain high user acceptance. This article aims to take a closer look at the functioning of the JakDojade application, which has been the most popular platform in Poland for several years, supporting travel planning by public transport. In the presented case study, the authors tried to diagnose problems and indicate the directions of application development. At the same time, through this analysis, the authors aimed to demonstrate the usefulness of researching user comments from the viewpoint of managing the development of mobile applications and related services. A case study methodology was used to perform a descriptive study. Data on user feedback on JakDojade mobile application in Poland comes from Google Play Store. Semantic categorisation of user comments and sentiment analysis allowed for identifying user problems and diagnosing emotions related to its use. The presented methodology allowed for diagnosing typical user problems for the JakDojade application, which may help indicate further development directions. The authors attempted to demonstrate the usefulness of researching user comments from the point of view of managing the development of mobile applications and related services. The semi-automatic approach to text analysis presented in the article highlights the problems related to the study of user reviews. The limitations of the proposed methodology and the possibilities for its improvement were indicated.

Innovations in Shared Mobility—Review of Scientific Works

Shared mobility is developing at a very fast pace around the world, becoming an alternative to classic forms of travel and, according to the public, providing innovative services. In recent years, these innovative services have also gained wide interest among scientists from a multicriteria point of view. However, among the topics and reviews in the literature, no review paper considering shared mobility in terms of innovation was identified. This article’s research objective was to indicate the perception of innovation in shared mobility in scientific works. The results indicate that innovations in shared mobility are a niche topic considered in few scientific works. What is more, in most cases, shared mobility services are perceived as innovative in themselves without detailed service analysis. Moreover, the issues of open innovation, which are closely related to the concept of accessible Mobility as a Service system and smart cities, are often overlooked. In addition, there was no work identified that fully referred to all areas of innovative service. The article supports researchers in the determination of further research directions in the field of shared mobility and fills the research gap in the field of knowledge about open innovation, especially in the context of the development of shared mobility services in smart cities.

Introducing Autonomous Shuttle Services Based on Travel Patterns for the Elderly

The transportation-disadvantaged population is rapidly increasing through aging; moreover, the mobility of the elderly has increased due to life expectancy improvements and lifestyle changes. To respond to these changes, a customized mobility service specifically tailored to the travel patterns of the elderly was developed in this study. In particular, an autonomous shuttle service that can improve the operational efficiency and the accessibility of existing transportation methods was proposed by considering the travel characteristics of elderly people, who mainly travel short distances. To this end, a study was conducted in Seongnam City, Republic of Korea, where mobility support services for the elderly are insufficient. Using smart card data, the elderly were classified according to their travel patterns, with autonomous shuttle routes suggested for each travel purpose. We derived four clusters via the Gaussian mixture model clustering, with travel purposes classified according to the spatiotemporal travel patterns. Finally, the major routes for each travel purpose were selected, and feasible road paths for autonomous shuttle operation were suggested using the concept of ODD (operational design domain). This holistic methodology is expected to contribute to the development of autonomous mobility services for the elderly and for the establishment of welfare policies based on the smart card data.

모빌리티 패러다임 변화에 따른 사용자 경험디자인에 관한 연구

The purpose of this study is to examine the meaning of mobility defined by the millennial generation, which is emerging as the leading consumer in a mobility environment that has changed due to technological advances caused by the Fourth Industrial Revolution, and to present the strategic direction of future mobility design based on mobility experience scenarios that reflect their lifestyle. First, this study predicted the future mobility environment by understanding the changes in the concept of mobility according to the changes of the times and analyzing related products and services at home and abroad. Secondly, this study theoretically summarized the idea of the millennial generation, who are the drivers of change, and the lifestyle characteristics of the Korean millennial generation, which is the subject of this study, through a literature survey. Thirdly, through a user survey of 50 Korean millennials, this study derived 6 mobility experience elements by analyzing the meaning of movement defined by them. Fourthly, this study conducted persona modeling according to 3 types by lifestyle through expert workshops based on user analysis results, and prepared a mobility experience scenario. The results of this study are expected to be used as basic data for the development of mobility products and services for millennials in the future.

Dynamic Spectrum Sharing Based on Deep Reinforcement Learning in Mobile Communication Systems.

The rapid development of mobile communication services in recent years has resulted in a scarcity of spectrum resources. This paper addresses the problem of multi-dimensional resource allocation in cognitive radio systems. Deep reinforcement learning (DRL) combines deep learning and reinforcement learning to enable agents to solve complex problems. In this study, we propose a training approach based on DRL to design a strategy for secondary users in the communication system to share the spectrum and control their transmission power. The neural networks are constructed using the Deep Q-Network and Deep Recurrent Q-Network structures. The results of the conducted simulation experiments demonstrate that the proposed method can effectively improve the user's reward and reduce collisions. In terms of reward, the proposed method outperforms opportunistic multichannel ALOHA by about 10% and about 30% for the single SU scenario and the multi-SU scenario, respectively. Furthermore, we explore the complexity of the algorithm and the influence of parameters in the DRL algorithm on the training.

Exit transit control at objects of traffic attraction as a mobility service

The modern development of transport and road engineering is aimed at the design of transport systems. The sustainable development of territories cannot be imagined without the appropriate transport information content, which includes the services of intelligent transport systems. Management of transport demand and mobility based on a service approach is the future of transport systems, affecting the quality of society development. A conscious perspective of intelligent transport systems (ITS) projects is the development of mobility services. One of them is providing road users with information that encourages them to take a certain action, resulting in a spatial or temporal redirection of traffic flows. A specialized ITS subsystem that controls traffic near objects of traffic attraction by informing about the place of comfortable waiting for the exit and the time of comfortable departure from this object is understood as a system of motivational control of exit transit. The system under consideration is formed in order to prevent a decrease in the capacity of the road in the area of operation of this object and is not intended to reduce the total intensity of the traffic flow at the exit from the object. It provides only a temporary redistribution of exit flows of road users from the object of traffic attraction and the coordination of the moments of these exits in accordance with the current (and predicted) load level of the main highway. Delays of vehicles and the value of unsatisfied demand are taken as performance indicators.

Управление качеством шеринговых услуг: оценка уровней лояльности и потребительской удовлетворенности райдшерингом

Introduction: the popularity of sharing mobility services explains their ability to resolve the “first-mile-last-mile” problems in a seamless transport system. The operation of these services is based on digital technologies, and this places high demands on the quality of such services due to the presence of traditional alternatives in the field of transportation. Ridesharing is a vivid example of such digital sharing services, tempting the companies interested in resolving transport problems to enter this market. Objectives: to explore the attitudes of ride-sharing services users to the quality of services by assessing the levels of loyalty and consumer satisfaction, as well as to develop proposals for improving the quality of relevant services. Methods: systematic approach, analysis and synthesis, expert assessments, sociological research. The study involved 290 respondents from Moscow and the Moscow region who use ridesharing at least once a year. To measure user loyalty to ridesharing services, the consumer loyalty index (Net Promoter Score, NPS) proposed by Frederick Reicheld was used. To assess user satisfaction, the Consumer Satisfaction Index (CSI) was used. Results: it has been revealed that the NPS is negative and amounted to –27.24 %; however, the CSI is estimated at 72.74 %. Loyalty drivers appear to be: (1) convenience, (2) price, (3) safety. The users’ greater satisfaction is the technical condition of cars, safety during the trip and its price. The users are less satisfied with the comfort during the trip, the time of trip registration, the time to register in the application. Conclusions: despite the negative level of loyalty, ridesharing is a promising direction for the development of mobility services, since the quality determinants that affect the loyalty level can be improved by raising the quality of sharing services and the possibility of influencing the processes for which low satisfaction has been identified.

Human–Computer Interaction (HCI) and Trust Factors for the Continuance Intention of Mobile Payment Services

The human–computer interaction (HCI) for mobile applications is becoming increasingly important as mobile applications have become an integral part of everyday life. Mobile app developers need to continuously improve the users’ experience to fulfill their conditions, which in turn, can trigger the purchase decision. Trust is another important factor, driving users to adopt mobile apps and use them to make online purchases. However, mobile app developers constantly face the dilemma between user trust and HCI experiences. This study’s primary purpose is to investigate the HCI and trust factors for the continued use of mobile payment apps and their services. Based on the human–computer interaction, task–technology fit, and IS success theories, an integrative framework is proposed to examine the relationships between continuance intention and its antecedents. An online survey was conducted to collect data from 544 mobile users. The results of the analyses indicate that trust plays a more significant role than HCI in increasing the users’ continuance usage of mobile payment services. As for improving HCI experiences for users, this study shows that system quality plays the most important role, followed by the skill of using mobile payment services and the perceived task–technology fit (TTF) for using the services. Information quality does not significantly impact the enhancement of positive HCI experiences. The results provide insights for the developers of mobile payment services to improve the user experience.

Resilience analysis and design for mobility-as-a-service based on enterprise architecture modeling

The development of a service that integrates multiple systems, platforms, and businesses, such as Mobility as a Service (MaaS), has attracted the attention of engineers and scholars. However, because of the complexity of the interactions of its subsystems, it is difficult to ensure the reliability of an integrated service, and the analysis approach of the individual subsystems that influence each other is insufficient. Even though many studies on functional safety for road vehicles have been conducted, there are currently no theoretical or experimental reports on MaaS reliability issues at the service level. To fill the void, we propose in this paper a resilience analysis method to facilitate the development of reliable mobility services. As a result, we proposed a novel MaaS resilience analysis and design method. We contend that a connection with enterprise architecture modeling helps to address resilience concerns for MaaS reliability. The claim is based on the close connection between resilience and reliability. Furthermore, we conduct a controlled experiment to demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed method and compare it quantitatively to a referenced method.