Portable Mobile Devices Research Articles

Design and Analysis of Heterojunction Tunneling Transistor (HETT) based Standard 6T SRAM Cell

Subthreshold Swing (SS) of MOSFETs, which determines the low voltage operation of portable mobile devices, cannot reduce below 60mV/dec that restricts MOSFETs for ultra-low power applications. This work presents design and implementation of high ON current, improved Miller capacitance and reduced Subthreshold Swing heterojunction tunneling transistors (HETTs) for portable electronic systems. The performance of HETT with MOSFET has been compared. In this work, the overlapping of gate/oxide on to source can increase the band to band tunneling (BTBT) and improves the ON current of the transistor. Miller capacitance effect can be reduced by the use of low band offset materials and low energy states of materials like Ge or SiGe. This, in turn, results in better performance characteristics for the transistor.The Proposed design and implementation of HETT include both N-type HETT (NHETT) and P-type HETT (PHETT) fabrications and the performance characteristics analysis of both NHETT and PHETT are provided. The advantages and limitations of both NHETT and PHETT for beyond CMOS technologies, in addition to the basic and structural differences between HETTs and conventional MOSFETs to facilitate the use of HETT in place of MOSFET have been elaborated in detail. The construction process of HETT is not at all completely different which is suitable to MOS Design process and is applicable for portable mobile applications. The power analysis of HETT based standard 6T SRAM cell is provided and the performance is verified with the conventional MOSFET based 6T SRAM cell.

Encoding Schemes for Reducing Transition Activity and Power Consumption in VLSI Interconnects-A Review

Low power design is a foremost challenging issue in recent applications like mobile phones and portable devices. Advances in VLSI technology have enabled the realization of complicated circuits in single chip, reducing system size and power utilization. In low power VLSI design energy dissipation has to be more significant. So to minimize the power consumption of circuits various power components and their effects must be identified. Dynamic power is the major energy dissipation in micro power circuits. Bus transition activity is the major source of dynamic power consumption in low power VLSI circuits. The dynamic power of any complex circuits cannot be estimated by the simple calculations. Therefore this paper review different encoding schemes for reduction of transition activity and power dissipation.

Multi-Style Migration QR Code

Quick Response(QR) code is a two-dimensional code that can be quickly recognized by a portable mobile device. It has played more and more important role in e-commerce, manufacturing, marketing and daily life. Therefore, the visual aesthetics of QR code is a significant performance that should be improved. Many proposed methods for beautifying QR code have good result. For the purpose of enhancing vision effect, simplifying complexity and improving robustness. In this paper, we propose a strategy which can be used to generate multi-style art QR code. Particularly, this strategy is capable of transferring more than one artistic styles to an art QR code. Aiming at visual smoothing, we adopt a method to generate the modified systematic encoding aesthetic QR code. In order to migrate multi-style, we improve a neural style migration network to suit the aesthetic QR code style migration tasks. Simultaneously, we propose a error-correction method to enhance the robustness of multi-style migration QR code which is generated by neural style migration network.

An Improved Two-Layer Authentication Scheme for Wireless Body Area Networks.

Wireless body area networks (WBANs) comprises a number of sensor nodes and the portable mobile device such as smartphone. It is used to monitor the physical condition and provide a reliable healthcare system. Utilizing the wireless communication network, sensor nodes collect the physiological data of one patient to the portable mobile device and the latter analyzes and transmits them to the application providers. Therefore, the personal data confidentiality and user privacy are cores of WBANs. Recently, Shen et al. presented a multi-layer authentication protocol for WBANs, which is lightweight and much easier to implement. However, we observe that their authentication between sensor nodes and the portable mobile device could ensure the forward security property only when the sensor nodes are changed (add or delete). When the sensor nodes are constant, the security property is not satisfied. Meanwhile, the authentication between the portable mobile device and application provider is prone to mutual impersonation attack, so the critical goal of mutual authentication can not be achieved. In this paper, an improved two-layer authentication scheme is proposed to remove the flaws. The analysis shows that our method is more secure and could withstand various attacks.

Design of Remote Sleep Monitoring Mobile Devices

In view of the multiple and diversity of sleep disorders, this paper develops and designs mobile portable devices based on remote monitoring and assessment of sleep quality. Using psychological scale, the patient's vital signs, sleeping data collection, statistics, and information transfer through remote signals to self-developed software for information entry and calculation, which could objectively display the quality of patient's sleep, so that medical staff might manage the patient's sleep better. Due to the features of portable device, such as its convenient to carry about, low price and else, the remote device can provide timely and effective information to help the majority of insomnia patients sleep therapy.

The Mobile Learning Enhances the Quality of Learning: A Study

The use of mobile phones and other portable devices is beginning to have an impact on how learning takes place in many disciplines and contexts, including language learning. Learners who are not dependent on access to fixed computers can engage in activities that relate more closely to their current surroundings, sometimes crossing the border between formal and informal learning. This creates the potential for significant change in teaching and learning practices. Taking the broader field of mobile learning as the setting within which developments in mobile-assisted language learning may be understood, the paper argues that an emphasis on mobility can lead to new perspectives and practices. With increased popular access to information and knowledge anywhere, anytime, the role of education, perhaps especially formal education, is challenged and the relationships between education, society, and technology are now more dynamic than ever .The present paper was based on secondary sources of data highlighting of concept, Features, values , Challenges and advantages of M-learning.

Mobile crowd sensing task optimal allocation: a mobility pattern matching perspective

With the proliferation of sensor-equipped portable mobile devices, Mobile CrowdSensing (MCS) using smart devices provides unprecedented opportunities for collecting enormous surrounding data. In MCS applications, a crucial issue is how to recruit appropriate participants from a pool of available users to accomplish released tasks, satisfying both resource efficiency and sensing quality. In order to meet these two optimization goals simultaneously, in this paper, we present a novel MCS task allocation framework by aligning existing task sequence with users’ moving regularity as much as possible. Based on the process of mobility repetitive pattern discovery, the original task allocation problem is converted into a pattern matching issue, and the involved optimization goals are transformed into pattern matching length and support degree indicators. To determine a trade-off between these two competitive metrics, we propose greedy-based optimal assignment scheme search approaches, namely MLP, MDP, IU1 and IU2 algorithm, with respect to matching length-preferred, support degree-preferred and integrated utility, respectively. Comprehensive experiments on realworld open data set and synthetic data set clearly validate the effectiveness of our proposed framework on MCS task optimal allocation.

Development Video Presentation Mutual Evaluation Support System with Portable Mobile Device

Development Video Presentation Mutual Evaluation Support System with Portable Mobile Device

Smooth terminal sliding mode control of Buck converter for wireless mobile devices

The performances of wireless mobile portable devices are constantly improving, and the response speed and robustness of the device power supplies need to be researched. In general, wireless devices are powered by batteries, which require various Buck converters. In order to improve the response speed and robustness of the Buck converter, a smooth terminal sliding mode (TSM) control method is proposed. The TSM surface and the control law are designed. The sliding mode existence condition is proved theoretically, and the robustness of the closed-loop system under disturbance is analysed. The smooth TSM overcomes the chattering phenomenon that occurs in the traditional TSM, so a fixed-frequency pulse width modulation can be realised, which will have a good application prospect. The simulation results show that the proposed control method has the advantages of fast dynamic response and strong robustness.

휴대 단말기기와 결합 가능한 복합 유해 가스 검출 장치에 관한 연구

휴대 단말기기와 결합 가능한 복합 유해 가스 검출 장치에 관한 연구

Optimal Cloudlet Placement and User to Cloudlet Allocation in Wireless Metropolitan Area Networks

Mobile applications are becoming increasingly computation-intensive, while the computing capability of portable mobile devices is limited. A powerful way to reduce the completion time of an application in a mobile device is to offload its tasks to nearby cloudlets, which consist of clusters of computers. Although there is a significant body of research in mobile cloudlet offloading technology, there has been very little attention paid to how cloudlets should be placed in a given network to optimize mobile application performance. In this paper we study cloudlet placement and mobile user allocation to the cloudlets in a wireless metropolitan area network (WMAN). We devise an algorithm for the problem, which enables the placement of the cloudlets at user dense regions of the WMAN, and assigns mobile users to the placed cloudlets while balancing their workload. We also conduct experiments through simulation. The simulation results indicate that the performance of the proposed algorithm is very promising.

Performance analysis and throughput optimization of the 802.11N EDCA for video traffic

One of the promising candidate access technology for wireless communication in present and the future scenario is based on IEEE 802.11 Wireless LAN (WLAN) standard. The popularity of WLAN is further driven by the ability to use portable mobile hand-held devices that support applications with increasing multimedia content.This study presented on analysis of throughput performance and average delay of video traf fic over wireless EDCA WLAN networks by aggregation effect using the simulation methodology. In this study, the effect of frame aggregation (FA) mechanism for H.264/SVC video traffic on throughput and average delay of IEEE802.11n have been investigated. Simulation results validate the efficiency of the suggested MAC aggregation mechanism and aggregation sizes are adapted to achieve throughput optimization. Result shows significant improvement between measurement defined by the draft of IEEE802.11n and the proposed methodology.

Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave RADAR for Objects Mapping in Enclosed Spaces Using Smartphones and Arduino Components

Based on previous studies and using mobile portable device, we were able to realize a portable system capable of detecting metallic objects in a room surrounded by walls while also extracting the approximate position of such objects. Our hardware included only a smartphone device connected to several Arduino components and we were applying frequency-modulated continuous-wave electronics in each of the Arduino devices.

Mobile-assisted Language Learning (MALL) for ESL Learners: A Review of Affordances and Constraints

Nowadays, mobile technology is changing the landscape of language learning and is seen as the next frontier being researched for its potential in enhancing the teaching and learning of English language. The portability of mobile devices is believed to bring new methods that can shape learning styles and pedagogies which could become more personalised and allow learners to learn on the move; thus, enhance English language teaching and learning. This creates the potential for significant change in the teaching and learning of English as Second Language (ESL). Taking mobile learning as the setting within which developments in Mobile-assisted Language Learning (MALL) may be understood, this paper offers reflections on what Mobile-assisted Language Learning (MALL) has potentially offered and the constraints that might be faced by the English as Second Language (ESL) learners when using MALL. Above all, it was a challenging issue to cover learning tasks by using a mobile device particularly in learning English as Second Language (ESL). Nevertheless, mobile devices which are popular among students are motivational tools to be used in education as well as various learning activities. This was proven by many researchers who have shown the positive outcomes. Hence, we should admit that mobile devices are finding their way into classrooms in the student’s pockets, and we have to ensure that educational practice can include this mobile technology in effective and productive ways particularly for English as Second Language (ESL) learning.

스마트 헬스를 위한 마이닝 기반의 정신 건강과 혈압 관리 서비스

유비쿼터스 스마트 헬스케어에서 융합기술 급격히 발달하고, 이동식 모바일 장치가 보급됨에 따라 사용자는 스마트 헬스 플랫폼을 통해 의료 정보를 손쉽게 얻을 수 있게 되었다. 이러한 급격한 산업화, 웰니스 케어, 고령화 사회, 정보화 사회, 질병양상 및 생활습관의 변화, 의약분업 실시 등에 따라, 사용자 중심의 건강관리 및 건강증진 콘텐츠가 제공되고 있다. 이에 본 논문에서는 스마트 헬스를 위한 마이닝 기반의 정신 건강과 혈압 관리 서비스를 제안한다. 제안하는 방법은 마이닝 기반의 스마트 헬스 플랫폼에서 정신 건강관리 서비스와 혈압관리 서비스를 만성질환자를 위해 제공한다. 사용자는 PHR 기반의 스마트 헬스 플랫폼에서 시간과 장소에 구애 받지 않고 최적화된 건강관리 서비스를 제공받는다. 제안한 마이닝 기반의 정신 건강과 혈압 관리 서비스의 성능평가 결과, F-검증에서 우수한 성능을 보인다. As the convergence technology is developing rapidly and the portable mobile devices are spreading in ubiquitous smart healthcare, users were able to get medical information easily through the smart health platform. According to such rapid industrialization, wellness care, aging society, information society, changes in disease aspects and life style, user-centered healthcare, and health promotion contents are being offered. In this study, we proposed the mining based mental health and blood pressure management service for the smart health. The proposed method provides the mental health management service and the blood pressure management service for chronic disease patients within the mining based smart health platform. Users receive optimized healthcare services regardless of time and place in the PHR based smart health platform. For the performance evaluation of the proposed mining based mental health and blood pressure management service, F-measure verification are conducted.

A Novel Method of Wireless Data Transfer Through a Variable Focus Lens-Induced Irradiance Modulation of a Gaussian Beam

Mindful of several recent developments in the area of wireless optical data transfer over long and short distances, we present a novel technique to transmit data using an optical carrier. With this technique, the irradiance distribution of a Gaussian optical beam is controlled by passing it through an electronically controlled tunable lens (ECTL). The focal length of the ECTL is controlled by varying the root mean squared voltage of its input electrical drive signal, which alters the irradiance distribution of the Gaussian beam at any fixed plane located after the ECTL. These changes in the irradiance distribution can be interpreted as irradiance modulation with an applied input electrical signal. Variations in the input voltage signal to the ECTL result in variations in the photo-current produced inside a photo-detector of a finite active area. This paper aims to use this unique and simple method for free-space data transfer, and understand the limitations imposed by the currently available commercial ECTL technologies. With rapidly improving ECTL switching speeds and their already widespread use in mobile devices, this method promises an excellent alternative to existing point-to-point wireless data transfer schemes with minimum alterations to the existing hardware architecture of portable mobile devices.

Association Between Portable Screen-Based Media Device Access or Use and Sleep Outcomes

Sleep is vital to children's biopsychosocial development. Inadequate sleep quantity and quality is a public health concern with an array of detrimental health outcomes. Portable mobile and media devices have become a ubiquitous part of children's lives and may affect their sleep duration and quality. To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to examine whether there is an association between portable screen-based media device (eg, cell phones and tablet devices) access or use in the sleep environment and sleep outcomes. A search strategy consisting of gray literature and 24 Medical Subject Headings was developed in Ovid MEDLINE and adapted for other databases between January 1, 2011, and June 15, 2015. Searches of the published literature were conducted across 12 databases. No language restriction was applied. The analysis included randomized clinical trials, cohort studies, and cross-sectional study designs. Inclusion criteria were studies of school-age children between 6 and 19 years. Exclusion criteria were studies of stationary exposures, such as televisions or desktop or personal computers, or studies investigating electromagnetic radiation. Of 467 studies identified, 20 cross-sectional studies were assessed for methodological quality. Two reviewers independently extracted data. The primary outcomes were inadequate sleep quantity, poor sleep quality, and excessive daytime sleepiness, studied according to an a priori protocol. Twenty studies were included, and their quality was assessed. The studies involved 125 198 children (mean [SD] age, 14.5 [2.2] years; 50.1% male). There was a strong and consistent association between bedtime media device use and inadequate sleep quantity (odds ratio [OR], 2.17; 95% CI, 1.42-3.32) (P < .001, I2 = 90%), poor sleep quality (OR, 1.46; 95% CI, 1.14-1.88) (P = .003, I2 = 76%), and excessive daytime sleepiness (OR, 2.72; 95% CI, 1.32-5.61) (P = .007, I2 = 50%). In addition, children who had access to (but did not use) media devices at night were more likely to have inadequate sleep quantity (OR, 1.79; 95% CI, 1.39-2.31) (P < .001, I2 = 64%), poor sleep quality (OR, 1.53; 95% CI, 1.11-2.10) (P = .009, I2 = 74%), and excessive daytime sleepiness (OR, 2.27; 95% CI, 1.54-3.35) (P < .001, I2 = 24%). To date, this study is the first systematic review and meta-analysis of the association of access to and the use of media devices with sleep outcomes. Bedtime access to and use of a media device were significantly associated with the following: inadequate sleep quantity, poor sleep quality, and excessive daytime sleepiness. An integrated approach among teachers, health care professionals, and parents is required to minimize device access at bedtime, and future research is needed to evaluate the influence of the devices on sleep hygiene and outcomes.

Data Cleaning Utilizing Ontology Tool

Recent advancement in Internet Technologies has made web browsing increasingly easy and user friendly. From the traditional method of desktop web browsing and the birth of dial up modem connection, users nowadays are able to enjoy a fast and reliable web browsing via high speed wireless Internet connection and portable mobile devices. Browsing a web has become much easier with the state of the art search engines such as Google, which provide much functionalities which could make browsing easier such as improved crawler, easy to use search interface, web personlization, Web 3.0 support and integration and many more. In order to build a robust and reliable search engine, the developer needs to integrate all the data and present them in a meaningful format for user’s viewing convenience. Integrating these data is a tedious task as data usually occur in numerous format, and layout. Furthermore, web developers usually present the data content in various languages of their choice, which made the processing of these data increasingly difficult. There is also no standard convention to represent the data format and even a standardize rule to process this data has not been developed. To resolve this issue, researchers develop data extractor which could effectively extract data from web sources, tabulate them, and used it for further processing. However, not all data are correctly extracted, they may either missed certain valuable information or contain additional unnecessary information. In the case of unnecessary information, researchers use a cleaning method to remove them such that the data extracted are free of errors. Removing these data is important as unnecessary information may affect the accuracy of subsequent extractor tools, hence may eventually prevent the tool from performing its task efficiently. In this research proposal, we embark on a data cleaning tool to clean data using ontology tools. Experimental results show that our tool is highly efficient in data cleaning and is able to outperform existing state of the art tools.

A Study on Naïve Bayes Classifier Based Document Classification Scheme with an Apriori Feature Extraction

A document classifier is an essential tool for classifying the various types of documents being generated in the Big Data era. In recent years, the wide variety of information services available for use with smartphones and portable mobile devices (tablets) have provided a technique that efficiently classifies the quality of sorted data. A common type of document classification scheme is the naive Bayes classifier. The Naive Bayes scheme is based on performance classification, which varies widely depending on the method of extraction used in the document. In this paper, we propose a system model that offers feature extraction methods which combine frequency with associated words. This model is then applied to the Naive Bayes classifier to precisely classify documents. This method is proposed as an alternative to using traditional classification techniques. In addition, experiments will be evaluated by the existing document classification techniques and the proposed techniques.

Comparision of two different andriod versions i.e Lollipop and Marshmallow, and also development of campsys mobile Andriod Application - An Overview

In the previous system, all the information has to view in a hard file, or in website [6]. At the same time while searching any information it is too difficult to access and takes a lot of time to search the particular website. Hence, in order to overcome this problem a smart phone based application using Android can be used to make this process easier, secure and less error prone. More efficient information’s will be achieved through this system. Android is an open source Linux based system developed by Google, and primarily aimed at mobile handsets and other portable devices. In short, we will be using them to accomplish our daily task. One application that falls into this category is the Android Application for College. This College application provides a wide range of useful information which split into several functionalities. These include: academics, news, events, facilities and all the college details. Users can install this application in their android mobile to view all of these college details and make use it.To improve mobile experience for users[17] android project aims to create successful real world products. Android is a mobile OS but it’s not limited to mobile only. It’s currently used in smart phones and televisions. There are many code name of android such as Lollipop, Kitkat, Jelly Bean, Ice cream Sandwich, Froyo, Ecliar, Donut etc. In this paper we are also discussing aboutcomparison of androidLollipop version, its features, and its issues with android Marshmallow versions and also the development of Campsys mobile application. Keywords— Android, Smart Phones, Java, Eclipse platform, Android ADT, Android SD