Mobile Module Research Articles

FROM PAGE TO SCREEN: EXPLORING MALAYSIAN TEACHERS' PERSPECTIVES ON THE FEASIBILITY OF A MOBILE READING MODULE

Among the significant challenges several Malaysian teachers face, especially those teaching in primary school, is the need for more resources to teach reading comprehension. The implementation of mobile technologies provides favourable opportunities to facilitate teachers’ teaching competencies in teaching reading comprehension instructions. Nevertheless, the successful implementation of the mobile reading module depends on the perceptions and contributions of teachers. This study investigates the viewpoints of Malaysian primary school teachers regarding the needs and development of a mobile reading module. A survey with open-ended questions was sent to nine Year 5 teachers in Sabah, Malaysia, to collect their perspectives. All the teachers who participated in the activity provided constructive opinions regarding a mobile reading module, highlighting the potential advantages of using the mobile reading module to facilitate teaching instructions. The findings offer significant viewpoints from Malaysian primary school teachers regarding developing and implementing mobile reading initiatives. These findings may influence the development of mobile reading materials that are both relevant to the context and coordinated with teachers to improve teaching comprehension skills among teachers in Malaysia.

Activity Control of a Synthetic Transporter by Photodynamic Modulation of Membrane Mobility and Incorporation.

Artificial transmembrane transport systems are receiving a great deal of attention for their potential therapeutic application. A major challenge is to switch their activity in response to environmental stimuli, which has been achieved mostly by modulating the binding affinity. We demonstrate here that the activity of a synthetic anion transporter can be controlled through changes in the membrane mobility and incorporation. The transporters─equipped with azobenzene photoswitches─poorly incorporate into the bilayer membrane as their thermally stable (E,E,E)-isomers, but incorporation is triggered by UV irradiation to give the (Z)-containing isomers. The latter isomers, however, are found to have a lower mobility and are therefore the least active transporters. This opposite effect of E-Z isomerization on transport capability offers unique photocontrol as is demonstrated by in situ irradiation studies during the used transport assays. These results help to understand the behavior of artificial transporters in a bilayer and are highly important to future designs, with new modes of biological activity and with the possibility to direct motion, which may be crucial toward achieving active transport.

Scorpion Neurotoxin BeM9 Derivative Uncovers Unique Interaction Mode with Nav1.5 Sodium Channel Isoform

Scorpion α-neurotoxins are classical ligands of voltage-gated sodium channels that inhibit their inactivation. The strength of this effect depends on the organism and channel isoform, and the precise mechanisms explaining the differences in activity are still unknown. Previously, we have shown that scorpion α-toxins are characterized by a modular structure. They consist of a conserved and structurally stable core module and a variable and mobile specificity module, which determines the selectivity for different channels. We noted a higher mobility of the specificity module in toxins active against mammals compared to insect-active toxins. We then hypothesized that the enhanced mobility in mammal toxins was provided by two conserved glycine residues that enclose the N-terminal loop of the specificity module. To test this assumption, we obtained a derivative of the neurotoxin BeM9 from the venom of the scorpion Mesobuthus eupeus with two replacements of amino acid residues in the corresponding positions with glycine (A4G and Y17G). Unexpectedly, it turned out that BeM9GG lost its activity against Nav1.5 channel isoform, characteristic of mammalian cardiac muscle. A comparison of two known structures of voltage-gated sodium channel complexes with scorpion toxins made it possible to explain the observed effect. We hypothesize an essential role of the membrane in the interaction of toxins with the Nav1.5 isoform.

Fall risk screening in older adults using the “CARE” frailty scale: The NuAge cohort results

Background“CARE” is an electronic health (e-health) application (app) which assesses frailty with its frailty module and risk of falls with its mobility module. This study examines and compares the risk of incident falls (i.e., ≥1, ≥2 and severe falls) among older people in Quebec classified as “frail” and those classified as being at a high risk of falls by the CARE app. MethodsA subset of men and women (n = 1151; 74.2 ± 4.2 years; 52.8 % female) who participated in the Quebec Longitudinal Study on Nutrition and Successful Aging (NuAge) were selected for this study. Pre-frail and frail states using the CARE frailty scale as well as high risk of falls estimated by CARE mobility module were determined at baseline. Pre-frail and frail states were merged in a single “frail state” group. Incident falls (i.e., ≥1, ≥2 and severe falls) were annually recorded over a 3-year follow-up. ResultsBoth CARE frail state (Odd ratio (OR) ≥1.89 with P ≥ 0.040) and high risk of falls estimated by the CARE mobility module (OR) ≥3.32 with P ≥ 0.023) were significantly associated with incident falls (i.e., at least one fall) and recurrent falls (i.e., at least two falls). A greater association with these fall outcomes was observed with the high risk of falls than with the frail state. No significant association between the high risk of falls and severe falls was found (OR = 1.71 with P = 0.227), whereas that was the case with frail state (OR = 3.08 with P = 0.003). ConclusionsFrail state determined by the CARE frailty module and high risk of falls determined by the CARE mobility module were both significantly associated with fall outcomes, a greater association being shown with the CARE high risk of falls and with CARE frail state for severe falls. These results suggest that the CARE app may be useful for screening older people for the risk of falls.

ONLINE PRACTICE TEST BANK SOLUTION: A WEB-BASED REVIEW PLATFORM FOR LIBRARY AND INFORMATION SCIENCE PRACTITIONERS

Test construction and test administration in most institutions still adopt the traditional pen-and-paper method of examination, which is very tedious (Kotwal et al., 2016). Its lengthy process can limit the time instructors in devoting to their proactive instruction and assessment. The general purpose of the study is to develop an Online Practice Test bank for Library and Information Science Practitioners. To actualize the Online Practice Test bank, the researcher followed the three phases of the modified rapid application model: Planning or Analyze Phase, Design and Development or Prototyping Phase, and Testing. The result of the study revealed that the developed system was able to execute its different operations. Specifically, by providing an avenue to the contributors/review masters and the reviewees to communicate and interact regarding the different reviewers provided. The reviewees can also track their progress through the learning analytics feature of the system. The contributors/review masters can monitor if the review materials they have provided has efficient test items by accessing the test item analysis. The system also has undergone functionality testing through conducting test cases, which have also gained positive remarks. Based on the results of the developed Online Practice Test bank, it is concluded that the system attained its three objectives in having integrated features that would be a great help, especially to the future licensed professional librarians as they will have a platform where they do their review and assess their knowledge on the six core subjects of library science. It is therefore recommended that mobile or android-based user modules must be developed for it to be more accessible to the users. And also an automated intervention or scaffolding for coping with the results from the performance of the review. And it must have an option or platform for contributors outside the institution who want to share their review materials relevant to the Library and Information Science profession.

Enhanced transport anisotropy of Bi film through carrier mobility modulation controlled by calcium metal

Ca-doped Bi films were fabricated on the glass substrate using the molecular beam epitaxy (MBE). The systematic evolution for the preferred orientation, transport properties and surface morphology of Bi films were observed in the change of doping content. The measurement results show the adjustability of the preferred orientated surface morphology and Bi film carrier mobility. As the doping content increases, the mobility ratio four-fold and increases the anisotropy. Transport measurement simplifies the characteristic analysis of topological quantum materials. This work controls the material quantum property by doping Ca using MBE, which extends the potential application of quantum anomalous Hall effect-based devices.

Monitoring solar irradiance and PV module performance in mobile applications

The paper presents a comprehensive evaluation of a PV module attached to an electric vehicle using a custom developed PV monitoring system to estimate the effect of PV energy production on the driving range.A rigid crystalline silicon photovoltaic (PV) module with a nominal peak power of 192.4 W accompanied with four irradiance sensors (positioned horizontally and vertically to the left, right and back) was mounted on an electric car, and various driving scenarios were executed, with data recorded for analysis. The results of a two-month continuous monitoring of the car's usage mainly in the Central Slovenia region in late winter and early springtime, show that the daily energy generation by the installed PV module contributed an additional driving range of up to 5 km per day, totalling 93 km of additional range in the entire monitoring period. Based on irradiance monitoring results applied to a hypothetical case where all sides would be covered with a state-of-the-art PV, the driving range would extent to 471 km in total for the same period. When compared to a fixed, ideally installed PV module at our outdoor PV monitoring site in Ljubljana, the average performance ratio (PR) of the mobile PV module in the two-month period was 87 %, whereas the PR of the fixed installed PV module was 83 %. The energy yield varied significantly under the varying conditions resulting from different car usage scenarios and on average it reached 41 % of the fixed PV module's energy yield. Through real-world experiments and data collection, different car use cases under various driving and parking conditions are presented and evaluated in detail. From these, the base specifications of a dedicated mobile VIPV monitoring system are identified.

Prediction method of long-term creep deformation of mobile phone resin lens module in a harsh temp environment

In recent years, the replacement cycle of digital products such as mobile phones in the market has significantly increased, and the accurate prediction of attenuation under long-term usage conditions of the lens module, storage, and other components has become important. The vast majority of mobile phone lens modules are processed from optical resins, and the degradation of their imaging performance is mainly caused by assembly deformation and long-term creep deformation after a high-temperature reliability test. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a reliable model to describe the long-term creep deformation of the mobile phone resin lens module in a harsh temperature environment. This study proposed a modified derivation method for the parameters of the Maxwell constitutive model to predict the long-term creep deformation of the mobile phone resin lens module in a high-temperature environment. The fitting accuracy of the modified generalized Maxwell model and the time-hardening model were compared through uniaxial compression creep experiments. Long-term creep simulations and experiments were conducted on the mobile phone resin lens module; the deformation law of each component of the mobile phone resin lens module was identified; and the creep deformation mechanism was elucidated. The result shows that the modified generalized Maxwell model has much higher accuracy than the time-hardening model in predicting the long-term creep deformation of different resin materials. When considering the influence of the creep phenomenon, the simulation result matches well with the experimental result, and the high-temperature creep mechanism of the mobile phone resin lens module was clarified. In addition, it was found that the maximum deformation of the lens occurred at the lens with the largest size, which was 2.1 µm, and the position with the largest surface deviation was at the edge of the lens. The prediction method proposed in this study can provide guidance and correction suggestions for the structural design of a mobile phone resin lens module and the rationality of optical design; thus, the imaging accuracy of lens modules will be guaranteed to the greatest extent possible.

Influence of the as quenched state and tempering temperature on the final microstructure and hardness of a high strength medium carbon steel

The present study aimed to investigate the impact of the as-quenched microstructure and tempering temperature on the final microstructure and hardness of a medium-carbon, low-alloy steel using dilatometry, Electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results revealed substantial differences in the continuous heating stage of tempering in bainitic and martensitic samples, primarily attributed to the auto-tempering process during cooling. Tempering was carried out at 550 and 620 °C, and dilatometry results, along with microstructure analysis, indicated incomplete decomposition of retained austenite (RA) at both temperatures during a 30-min hold in the bainitic sample. The results show that non-decomposed RA, following the tempering of bainite, transformed into blocky fresh martensite, while no evidence of fresh martensite was observed in the martensitic sample. A new approach using EBSD and SEM images revealed that the decomposition of M/A (martensite/austenite constituent) zones in the bainitic sample resulted in the formation of a chain of aggregated chromium carbide zones at the grain boundaries. In contrast, the martensitic zone exhibited a uniform distribution of carbides in the microstructure. The stability of the phases was examined using the TCFE10 (thermodynamics) and MOBFE5 (mobility) modules of the DICTRA Themo-Calc software. Hardness measurements on all samples indicated decreases by about 18–24 % in the martensitic sample after tempering, while the bainitic sample exhibited a 5 % increase in hardness after tempering, attributed to secondary hardening and fresh martensite formation.

Student nurses’ views on an E-Learning module on comfort, safety, and mobility with older adults: a cross-sectional study

ABSTRACT Background Nursing students often receive insufficient training in older adults’ care. Purpose Examine nursing students’ perceptions of an e-learning module developed to enhance their knowledge about the comfort, safety, and mobility of older adults. Methods A cross-sectional survey was administered to third-year baccalaureate nursing students at a Canadian university after they had completed the comfort, safety, and mobility module. The survey assessed students' perceptions of the e-learning module using four 5-pointLikert-type items. The survey also contained demographic questions and one open-ended question that invited participants to make any comments they wished. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize participants’demographic characteristics. Responses to the open-ended quesiton were summative content analyzed. Results The survey was completed by 119 participants, who reported that the module increased their confidence, perceptions and knowledge in working with older adults. Participants also found the method of instruction to be convenient, interactive, and enjoyable. Conclusions Results suggest that the learning module has the potential to facilitate student nurses’ learning about comfort, safety, and mobility.

Electrically Controlled High Sensitivity Strain Modulation in MoS2 Field-Effect Transistors via a Piezoelectric Thin Film on Silicon Substrates.

Strain can modulate bandgap and carrier mobilities in two-dimensional (2D) materials. Conventional strain-application methodologies relying on flexible/patterned/nanoindented substrates are limited by low thermal tolerance, poor tunability, and/or scalability. Here, we leverage the converse piezoelectric effect to electrically generate and control strain transfer from a piezoelectric thin film to electromechanically coupled 2D MoS2. Electrical bias polarity change across the piezo film tunes the nature of strain transferred to MoS2 from compressive (∼0.23%) to tensile (∼0.14%) as verified through Raman and photoluminescence spectroscopies and substantiated by density functional theory calculations. The device architecture, on silicon substrate, integrates an MoS2 field-effect transistor on a metal-piezoelectric-metal stack enabling strain modulation of transistor drain current (130×), on/off ratio (150×), and mobility (1.19×) with high precision, reversibility, and resolution. Large, tunable tensile (1056) and compressive (-1498) strain gauge factors, electrical strain modulation, and high thermal tolerance promise facile integration with silicon-based CMOS and micro-electromechanical systems.

LINE-1 RNA triggers matrix formation in bone cells via a PKR-mediated inflammatory response

Transposable elements (TEs) are mobile genetic modules of viral derivation that have been co-opted to become modulators of mammalian gene expression. TEs are a major source of endogenous dsRNAs, signaling molecules able to coordinate inflammatory responses in various physiological processes. Here, we provide evidence for a positive involvement of TEs in inflammation-driven bone repair and mineralization. In newly fractured mice bone, we observed an early transient upregulation of repeats occurring concurrently with the initiation of the inflammatory stage. In human bone biopsies, analysis revealed a significant correlation between repeats expression, mechanical stress and bone mineral density. We investigated a potential link between LINE-1 (L1) expression and bone mineralization by delivering a synthetic L1 RNA to osteoporotic patient-derived mesenchymal stem cells and observed a dsRNA-triggered protein kinase (PKR)-mediated stress response that led to strongly increased mineralization. This response was associated with a strong and transient inflammation, accompanied by a global translation attenuation induced by eIF2α phosphorylation. We demonstrated that L1 transfection reshaped the secretory profile of osteoblasts, triggering a paracrine activity that stimulated the mineralization of recipient cells.

AUGMENTED REALITY AS A WAY TO PRESENT EDUCATIONAL CONTENTIN THE MOBILE APPS

This article deals with the issue of implementing the capabilities of augmented reality in learning mobile applications, which is very topical for modern education. The aim of the article is to consider the application of augmented reality in the learning content of mobile applications. This article is devoted to the main aspects of the educational mobile technologies and practical application of the research results in the educational process of the general education institutions. The article deals with the application of the educational content of the mobile application module with the application of augmented reality on the example of teaching the subjects ―Informatics‖ and ―Digital literacy‖ in the secondary general education schools of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The basic definitions associated with educational mobile applications and augmented reality technologyare given, an analysis of the subject area is carried out. The international experience of applying this technology in the educational process is considered. The stages of studying the subjects ―Informatics‖ and ―Digital Literacy‖ using mobile technologies of educational direction, such as mobile applications for the organization of the learning process and assessment of knowledge, skills and abilities of students are described. As a result of the experiment, the mobile application was practically realizedand the adapted author's program ―Application of mobile technologies at the lessons of informatics and digital literacy‖ was developed. The received results of application of mobile technologies in studying of a school course of computer science and digital literacy confirm the relevance of the carried out research.

Metamagnetic multiband Hall effect in Ising antiferromagnet ErGa2

Frustrated rare-earth-based intermetallics provide a promising platform for emergent magnetotransport properties through exchange coupling between conduction electrons and localized rare-earth magnetic moments. Metamagnetism, the abrupt change of magnetization under an external magnetic field, is a signature of first-order magnetic phase transitions; recently, metamagnetic transitions in frustrated rare earth intermetallics have attracted interest for their accompanying nontrivial spin structures (e.g., skyrmions) and associated nonlinear and topological Hall effects (THE). Here, we present metamagnetism-induced Hall anomalies in single-crystalline ErGa2, which recalls features arising from the THE but wherein the strong Ising-type anisotropy of Er moments prohibits noncoplanar spin structures. We show that the observed anomalies are neither due to anomalous Hall effect nor THE; instead, can be accounted for via 4f-5d interactions which produce a band-dependent mobility modulation. This leads to a pronounced multiband Hall response across the magnetization process-a metamagnetic multiband Hall effect that resembles a topological-Hall-like response but without nontrivial origins. The present findings may be of general relevance in itinerant metamagnetic systems regardless of coplanar/noncoplanar nature of spins and are important for the accurate identification of Hall signals due to emergent magnetic fields.

Accident Prevention and Alerting System

The project addresses the increased demand for vehicle tracking systems in the embedded systems industry by providing a solution that combines accident avoidance and real-time tracking capabilities. The system takes a holistic approach to road safety by integrating components such as the Arduino microcontroller, alcohol sensor MQ2, heartbeat sensor, limit switch, relay, Liquid Crystal Display, Global Positioning Satellite, and Global system for mobile communication module. The system's ability, in particular, to detect and prevent drunk driving incidents makes a substantial contribution to road safety. The project's goal is to avoid accidents and fatalities by automatically alerting drivers when they attempt to operate a car while intoxicated. Finally, the project's emphasis on improving road safety through proactive monitoring and intervention highlights its potential to make a significant contribution to reducing traffic accidents and saving lives.

УПРАВЛЕНИЕ РИСКАМИ ПРИ ТУШЕНИИ КОРАБЕЛЬНЫХ ПОЖАРОВ С ПОМОЩЬЮ МОБИЛЬНЫХ АВАРИЙНО-СПАСАТЕЛЬНЫХ МОДУЛЕЙ ВОЕННО-МОРСКОГО ФЛОТА

Possible elementary risks are presented In article when using the mobile resque modules of the Navy in the course of stewings ship fire, as well as process of the shaping the methods of management risk, with reference to to development tactician-specificationses when designing the mobile resque modules. At study of the composition and efficient using the mobile resque module Navy for decision of the deliver problems were considered methods expert estimation, method rejtingovy`x estimation, statistical analysis and fresh comparisons. The offered algorithm, with reference to to composition of the mobile resque module Navy for development tactician-specificationses and its using at stewing ship fire. For account of the influence rating risk factor was incorporated on process of the stewing of the ship fire to importance of the risk on undertaking the resque operation as a whole.

Secondary Students’ Awareness on Renewable Energy: A Comparison Between Malaysia and Oman

This study responds to the critical imperative of strengthening renewable energy (RE) education and fostering sustainable development awareness among secondary school students in Malaysia and Oman. It investigates the feasibility of using the mobile learning module named "MyREL" to enhance students' understanding, awareness, and interest for RE and sustainable development. The research findings underscore significant improvements in students' knowledge levels post-implementation of the "MyREL" module, with a more substantial increase observed in Oman. Developed content within "MyREL" plays a pivotal role in enhancing students' awareness of RE and climate issues, addressing the initial low levels of awareness in both countries. Notably, the study reveals a remarkable boost in students' interest in pursuing higher education and careers in the RE sector, highlighting the module's effectiveness in nurturing interest. While acknowledging study limitations, such as a small sample size and a brief intervention period, the research encourages future exploration to refine content, employ diverse teaching strategies, and conduct long-term assessments for knowledge and interest retention. Ultimately, this feasibility study underscores the significance of technology-enhanced learning, exemplified by "MyREL," in advancing RE literacy and advancing global efforts to combat climate change while facilitating the transition to cleaner energy sources

An analog to digital converter in a SiC CMOS technology for high-temperature applications

Integrated circuits based on wide bandgap semiconductors are considered an attractive option for meeting the demand for high-temperature electronics. Here, we report an analog-to-digital converter fabricated in a silicon carbide complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor technology now available through Europractice. The MOSFET component in this technology was measured up to 500 °C, and the key parameters, such as threshold voltage, field-effect mobility, and channel-length modulation parameters, were extracted. A 4-bit flash data converter, consisting of 266 transistors, is implemented with this technology and demonstrates correct operation up to 400 °C. Finally, the gate oxide quality is investigated by time-dependent dielectric breakdown measurements at 500 °C. A field-acceleration factor of 4.4 dec/(MV/cm) is obtained by applying the E model.

Comparative analysis of approaches necessary for designing a robotic module for industrial parts defect detection

Over the past two decades, the most frequently implemented method of oil extraction in the Russian Federation has been a mechanized method using an electric submersible pump (ESP) unit. Due to the remoteness of the fields from the base of repair enterprises, the cost of transporting spent but maintainable ESPs significantly exceeds their purchase price, which over time leads to the formation of a significant amount of decommissioned oil production equipment. To solve this problem, it is proposed to develop a mobile robotic module for sorting, defecting and storing pump parts, thanks to its use, minor repairs of equipment will be possible directly at production sites. The article deals with the problems of complex flaw detection of metal and non-metallic parts with the possibility of applying the developed methodology for a wide range of industrial products, at the same time, the main attention is paid to work with ESP parts. Based on the decomposition of the problem, the most problematic operations were identified: classification of parts, surface control (identification of defects), dimensional control. The results of a brief comparative analysis for each of the above subtasks are based on a review of the scientific literature over the past 30 years, with the largest number of sources reviewed in the last 5 years. As a result optimal methods for solving the task were derived — a machine learning technique for classifying surface defects, the use of a coordinate measuring machine with a manipulator for dimensional control. A new approach is also proposed to solve the main problem of machine learning methods (lack of training samples) in the form of using synthetic photorealistic images for classification with transfer of defect features from semantically close and publicly available training samples.

Determination of a total and partial operational readiness for a complex technical system on the example of a mobile medical module

The article presents a proposal for a method to determine a total and partial operational readiness for a mobile medical module as a complex technical system. A new approach to determine the readiness factor characterizing the functional readiness of a complex technical system is proposed as parameter not only for the system in a state of full usability, but also in states of partial usability enabling the performance of selected functions required by the user. The communication system is discussed as the main system determining the operation of the mobile medical module. Markov chain modeling (expanded into semi-Markov chains) was used to determine the value of the readiness factor of this system. Due to the structural complexity of the mobile medical module (carrier platform, drive, basic and additional avionics equipment and basic and extended medical equipment), a total and partial operational readiness can be determined for a simple object (in a simplified version as full) or a complex system (as a total and partial).