Mobile Communication Base Station Research Articles

A Linearly Polarized Magnetoelectric Dipole With Wide H-Plane Beamwidth

A linearly polarized magnetoelectric (ME) dipole with wide beamwidth in the H-plane is proposed and studied. A fabricated prototype shows that stable wide beamwidth of 120 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">°</sup> in the H-plane is achieved across the 41% impedance bandwidth for SWR ≤ 2 with good radiation performances including a stable gain around 6.3 dBi, symmetrically unidirectional radiation patterns, low cross polarization, and low back radiation. Design guidelines and three design samples are given, which demonstrate that the beamwidth in the H-plane can be varied over a range larger than 30 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">°</sup> from 90 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">°</sup> to 120 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">°</sup> and the fluctuation of the beamwidth is less than 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">°</sup> throughout the whole operating band. Besides, it shows that the variation in the H-plane does not degrade the other performances of the antenna. With all of these advantages, the proposed antenna is a desirable candidate for base stations of mobile communications which require antennas of different beamwidths for different environments.

Radio frequency electromagnetic field compliance assessment of multi‐band and MIMO equipped radio base stations

In this paper, different methods for practical numerical radio frequency exposure compliance assessments of radio base station products were investigated. Both multi-band base station antennas and antennas designed for multiple input multiple output (MIMO) transmission schemes were considered. For the multi-band case, various standardized assessment methods were evaluated in terms of resulting compliance distance with respect to the reference levels and basic restrictions of the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection. Both single frequency and multiple frequency (cumulative) compliance distances were determined using numerical simulations for a mobile communication base station antenna transmitting in four frequency bands between 800 and 2600 MHz. The assessments were conducted in terms of root-mean-squared electromagnetic fields, whole-body averaged specific absorption rate (SAR) and peak 10 g averaged SAR. In general, assessments based on peak field strengths were found to be less computationally intensive, but lead to larger compliance distances than spatial averaging of electromagnetic fields used in combination with localized SAR assessments. For adult exposure, the results indicated that even shorter compliance distances were obtained by using assessments based on localized and whole-body SAR. Numerical simulations, using base station products employing MIMO transmission schemes, were performed as well and were in agreement with reference measurements. The applicability of various field combination methods for correlated exposure was investigated, and best estimate methods were proposed. Our results showed that field combining methods generally considered as conservative could be used to efficiently assess compliance boundary dimensions of single- and dual-polarized multicolumn base station antennas with only minor increases in compliance distances.

Nonthermal effects of lifelong high-frequency electromagnetic field exposure on social memory performance in rats.

We are today surrounded almost constantly by high-frequency electromagnetic fields (EMFs) from mobile communications base stations. To date, however, there has been little concern regarding nonthermal effects of EMFs on cognition. In the present study, male and female rats were subjected to continuous far-field exposure to a frequency of 900-MHz (Global System for Mobile Communications [GSM]) or 1.966-GHz (Universal Mobile Telecommunications System [UMTS]) at 0.4 W/kg. Memory performance of adult EMF-exposed and sham-exposed female rats (at 6 months of age) and male rats (at 3 and 6 months of age) was tested using a social discrimination procedure. For this procedure, a target juvenile male was introduced to the subject's home cage for 4 min (Trial 1). After 30 min, the same target animal and a novel juvenile male were simultaneously presented to the subject for 4 min (Trial 2). Differences in sniffing duration to the familiar and novel target rats during Trial 2 were used to assess memory performance. EMF-exposed females exhibited no differences in sniffing duration compared with controls. In contrast, the sniffing durations of EMF-exposed males at 3 months of age were significantly affected. At 6 months of age, GSM-, but not UMTS-, exposed male adults showed a memory performance deficit. These findings provide new insight into the nonthermal effects of long-term high-frequency EMF exposure on memory.

Analysis and Design of a 45$^{\circ}$ Slant-Polarized Omnidirectional Antenna

A 45 <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex Notation="TeX">$^{\circ}$</tex> </formula> slant-polarized omnidirectional antenna is proposed for mobile communication base stations. The proposed antenna consists of four printed crossed-dipole elements which are rolled up into a cylinder for omnidirectional radiation. Each crossed-dipole element is composed of a horizontal dipole and a vertical dipole. The 45 <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex Notation="TeX">$^{\circ}$</tex> </formula> slant polarization is achieved by adjusting the lengths of the horizontal and vertical dipoles. A broadband feeding network consisting of four broadband baluns and an impedance matching circuit is introduced to feed the four crossed-dipole elements. Experimental results show that the omnidirectionality or gain variation in the horizontal plane is less than 1 dB while the cross-polarization level is below <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex Notation="TeX">${-}15$</tex> </formula> dB over a bandwidth of 15% (1.9–2.2 GHz). The 45 <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex Notation="TeX">$^{\circ}$</tex></formula> slant-polarized omnidirectional antenna has a bandwidth of 22% (1.75–2.18 GHz) for 15-dB return loss. Theoretical analysis and design procedure are presented.

Remote Monitoring System for Communication Base Based on Short Message

This paper presents design and development of an automatic monitoring system of communication base which is an important means to realize modernization of mobile communication base station management. Firstly, this paper proposes the architecture of the monitoring system. The proposed system consists of mocrocontrollers, sensors, GSM module and MFRC500 etc. The value of parameters is measured in the system including terminal is studied and designed, including hardware design based on embedded system and software design. Finally, communication module is discussed. The monitoring system which is designed based on GSM SMS(short message service) can improve the integrity, reliability, flexibility and intellectuality of monitoring system. DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/telkomnika.v12i1.3200 Full Text: PDF

Measurement and Analysis of Power Density around Selected Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) Base Station Masts in Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria

Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) and other telecommunication technologies are now ubiquitous worldwide. There has been considerable increase in the radiofrequency (RF) radiation exposure of the public from GSM and telecommunication transmitting and receiving antennas. If the RF radiation emanating from these devices exceeds internationally recommended limits it may pose health risk to the public. There is, therefore, the need for database of RF distribution levels in Nigeria for safety assessment. In this study, the power density of mobile phone base station masts in Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria was measured and analyzed to check if it is within the public standard recommended by International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP). A total of forty (40) mobile phone base station masts were studied and their power density (mW/m2), magnetic field strength (A/m) and electric field strength (V/m) were determined by means of a digital Electrosmog meter, model MECO 9810 RF covering the frequency range 10 MHz 8 GHz. The measurements were made at the base of the masts and at distances 25, 50, 75 and 100 m respectively from the base of the masts. The results obtained show that the mean power density, magnetic field strength and electric field strength range from 0.589 ± 0.198 to 127.718 ± 11.301 mW/m2, 0.318 ± 0.056 to 4.166 ± 2.041 A/m and 0.934 ± 0.139 to 11.745 ± 3.427 V/m. The measured and calculated power density values were compared and found to indicate high positive correlation. Also the values of the power density obtained in this study at the different distances and locations were found to be far below the ICNIRP public exposure limits ranging from 2000 10000 mW/m2 in the frequency range of 10 MHz 300 GHz.

3D beamforming: Performance improvement for cellular networks

The beam pattern of a mobile communication base station has significant impact on the performance of a cellular network. Three-dimensional (3D) beamforming combines the horizontal beam pattern adaptation, as applied for beamforming and multiple input multiple output (MIMO) schemes, with a vertical antenna pattern adaptation. The recent availability of new flexible antenna techniques enables a fully dynamic antenna pattern adaptation which can be specified per resource block and user equipment (UE), and makes 3D beamforming practically feasible. This paper describes the basic principles of 3D beamforming, including the impact of downtilt adaptation on the physical layer as well as the potential of its combination with beam coordination involving the media access control (MAC) layer. Our investigations assumed the vertical main lobe of the beam pattern was geometrically pointed towards the UE. We discuss a number of different realization options and simulation results including a Bell Labs field trial with vertical beam steering. Using wireless systems with state of the art Long Term Evolution (LTE) signal format and including the lightRadio™ antenna array, our trials in the Stuttgart testbed verified the basic predicted properties and potential advantages of 3D beamforming.

Assessment of outdoor radiofrequency electromagnetic field exposure through hotspot localization using kriging-based sequential sampling

In this study, a novel methodology is proposed to create heat maps that accurately pinpoint the outdoor locations with elevated exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMF) in an extensive urban region (or, hotspots), and that would allow local authorities and epidemiologists to efficiently assess the locations and spectral composition of these hotspots, while at the same time developing a global picture of the exposure in the area. Moreover, no prior knowledge about the presence of radiofrequency radiation sources (e.g., base station parameters) is required. After building a surrogate model from the available data using kriging, the proposed method makes use of an iterative sampling strategy that selects new measurement locations at spots which are deemed to contain the most valuable information—inside hotspots or in search of them—based on the prediction uncertainty of the model. The method was tested and validated in an urban subarea of Ghent, Belgium with a size of approximately 1km2. In total, 600 input and 50 validation measurements were performed using a broadband probe. Five hotspots were discovered and assessed, with maximum total electric-field strengths ranging from 1.3 to 3.1V/m, satisfying the reference levels issued by the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection for exposure of the general public to RF-EMF. Spectrum analyzer measurements in these hotspots revealed five radiofrequency signals with a relevant contribution to the exposure. The radiofrequency radiation emitted by 900MHz Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) base stations was always dominant, with contributions ranging from 45% to 100%. Finally, validation of the subsequent surrogate models shows high prediction accuracy, with the final model featuring an average relative error of less than 2dB (factor 1.26 in electric-field strength), a correlation coefficient of 0.7, and a specificity of 0.96.

Simulation and Optimization of Hybrid Diesel Power Generation System for GSM Base Station Site in Nigeria

Telecommunications industry requires efficient, reliable and cost-effective hybrid system as alternative to the power supplied by diesel generator. This paper proposed a solar - photovoltaic (PV)/Diesel hybrid power generation system suitable for Global System for Mobile communication (GSM) base station site. The study is based on simulation and optimization of hybrid system for a GSM base station site located in Abuja (FCT), Nigeria with a daily load of 318kWh/d. Solar radiation for the design of the system was obtained from NASA surface Meteorology and solar energy website at a location of 9° 00' N latitude and 7° 00' E longitude, with annual average solar radiation of 5.45 kWh/m²/d. The HOMER software was used for the design of the proposed power system. The study evaluates savings associated with conversion of the diesel powered system to a PV/Diesel hybrid power system. From the simulation results, the proposed system has total Net Present Cost (NPC) and amount of CO 2 as ($995,774; 65.270 tonnes), saves ($716,397; 57.835 tonnes) when compared with the diesel only system ($1,712,171; 123.105 tonnes). A control system for the Hybrid PV-Diesel Energy System with Battery Storage was developed to coordinate when power should be generated by PV panels and when it should be generated by diesel generator. This hybrid system could be applied in any other electrical system.

GPP-Based Soft Base Station Designing and Optimization

It is generally acknowledged that mobile communication base stations are composed of hardware components such as Field Programming Gate Array (FPGA), Digital Signal Processor (DSP), which promise reliable and fluent services for the mobile users. However, with the increasing demand for energy-efficiency, approaches of low power-consumption and high-flexibility are needed urgently. In this circumstance, General Purpose Processor (GPP) attracts people’s attention for its low-cost and flexibility. Benefited from the development of modern GPP in multi-core, Single Instruction Multiple Data (SIMD) instructions, larger cache, etc., GPPs are capable of performing high-density digital processing. In this paper, we compare several software-defined radio (SDR) prototypes and propose the general architecture of GPP-based soft base stations. Then, the schematic design of resource allocation and algorithm optimization in soft base station implementation are studied. As an application example, a prototype of GPP-based soft base station referring to the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Long Term Evolution (LTE) is realized and evaluated. To the best of our knowledge, it is the first Soft-LTE prototype ever reported. In the end, we evaluate the timing performance of the LTE soft base station and a packet loss ratio of less than 0.003 is obtained.

A Novel Broadband Planar Antenna for 2G/3G/LTE Base Stations

A novel broadband planar antenna is developed for mobile communication base stations. The antenna is composed of a pair of folded dipoles which are coupling fed by an L-shaped microstrip line. Both the dipoles and the coupling microstrip line are etched on the same substrate. The planar antenna achieves a bandwidth of 53% for ${\rm return loss} > 15$ dB, covering the frequency range 1.65–2.85 GHz for 2G/3G/LTE applications. The antenna gain of the broadband antenna element is about 9 dBi. A ${\pm}45^{\circ}$ dual-polarized planar antenna consisting of two broadband antenna elements is proposed, which achieves a bandwidth of about 50% and an isolation of 30 dB. Two 8-element antenna arrays are developed respectively for the broadband antenna and for the ${\pm}45^{\circ}$ dual-polarized antenna. Both antenna arrays achieve a bandwidth of more than 58% (1.6–2.9 GHz). The antenna gains achieved for the both antenna arrays are higher than 15.5 dBi. The half-power beam widths in the horizontal plane for the antenna arrays are approximately $65\pm 10^{\circ}$ , suitable for base station applications.

WLAN 대역 저지 특성을 가지는 직렬 급전 다이폴 쌍 안테나

본 논문에서는 1.7-2.7 GHz 대역에서 동작하는 이동통신 기지국용 광대역 직렬 급전 다이폴 쌍 (SDP) 안테나에 대하여 2.4-2.484 GHz 무선랜(WLAN) 대역에서 저지 특성을 가지기 위한 설계 방법을 연구하였다. 대역 저지 특성은 SDP 안테나의 두 다이폴 소자를 연결하는 코플래너 스트립 선로 상에 U자형 슬롯을 삽입함으로써 얻을 수 있다. 슬롯의 위치와 구조에 따른 저지 대역의 특성 변화를 분석하였다. 최적화된 WLAN 대역 저지 SDP 안테나를 FR4 기판 상에 제작하고 특성을 실험한 결과 VSWR < 2 인 대역은 1.65-2.78 GHz (51.0%) 이고, 저지 대역은 2.39-2.54 GHz로 원하는 대역 저지 성능을 갖는 것을 확인하였다. In this paper, a design method to obtain a band rejection characteristic in the 2.4-2.484 GHz WLAN band is studied for a series-fed dipole pair (SDP) antenna operating in the band of 1.7-2.7 GHz for mobile communication base station applications. The band rejection characteristic is achieved by inserting U-shaped slots on the coplanar strip line connecting the two dipole elements of the SDP antenna. The effects of the location and dimension of the slots on the rejection band characteristics are examined. The optimized SDP antenna with WLAN band rejection is fabricated on an FR4 substrate and the experimental results show that the antenna has a desired band rejection performance with a frequency band of 1.65-2.78 GHz (51.0%) for a VSWR < 2, and a rejection band of 2.39-2.54 GHz.

이동통신 기지국용 광대역 직렬 급전 보우타이 다이폴 쌍 안테나 설계

본 논문에서는 1.7-2.7 GHz 대역에서 동작하는 이동통신 기지국용 광대역 직렬 급전 보우타이 다이폴 쌍(series-fed bow-tie dipole pair; SBDP) 안테나를 제안하였다. 기존의 직렬 급전 다이폴 쌍(series-fed dipole pair; SDP) 안테나에서 사용하는 직선 스트립 다이폴 소자 대신에, 제안된 안테나는 보우타이 모양의 다이폴 소자를 사용하였다. 시뮬레이션 분석 결과, 양 끝으로 벌어진 각도가 증가할수록 안테나의 가장 낮은 동작 주파수가 저주파수 대역으로 이동하였으며, 이를 이용하여 저주파수 대역으로 이동한 만큼 다이폴 소자의 길이를 줄일 수 있다. 양 끝으로 벌어진 각도가 10도인 SBDP 안테나를 FR4 기판(비유전율 4.4, 두께 1.6 mm) 상에 제작하였고, SDP 안테나와 비교하여 폭이 10% 줄어들었다. 제작된 SBDP 안테나를 측정한 결과, 전압 정재파비(voltage standing wave ratio; VSWR)가 2 이하인 임피던스 대역폭은 48.8% (1.69-2.78 GHz), 이득은 5.8-6.3 dBi, 전후방비는 14-17 dB이다. In this paper, a broadband series-fed bow-tie dipole pair (SBDP) antenna operating in the band of 1.7-2.7 GHz for mobile communication base station applications is proposed. The proposed antenna uses bow-tie-shaped dipole elements instead of straight strip dipole ones used in a conventional series-fed dipole pair (SDP) antenna. The simulation results show that the lowest operating frequency is shifted toward lower frequency as the flare angle increases, and so the lengths of the bow-tie dipole elements can be reduced in proportion to the frequency shift toward lower frequency. An SBDP antenna with a flare angle of 10 degrees is fabricated on an FR4 substrate (dielectric constant = 4.4 and thickness = 1.6 mm) and total width of the fabricated antenna is reduced by 10% compared to that of the conventional SDP antenna. The measured impedance bandwidth for voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) < 2 is 48.8% (1.69-2.78 GHz), gain is 5.8-6.3 dBi, and the front-to-back ratio (FBR) is 14-17 dB.

Novel Dual-Broadband Planar Antenna and Its Array for 2G/3G/LTE Base Stations

A novel dual-broadband planar antenna is proposed for 2G/3G/LTE (4G) mobile communications. The proposed dual-broadband antenna consists of one element for the lower band and two elements for the upper band, making it possible to be arrayed without appearance of grating lobes in the upper band. The lower-band element comprises a pair of printed dipoles with a pair of parasitic elements for bandwidth enhancement. Two upper-band elements composed of two pairs of folded dipoles are nested inside the lower-band element, forming a compact arrayable antenna unit. The dual-broadband antenna achieves a bandwidth of 20% (800-980 MHz) for the lower band and a bandwidth of 60% (1540-2860 MHz) for the upper band. A dual-broadband antenna array that consists of 4 elements for the lower band and 8 elements for the upper band is developed for base station applications. The dual-broadband array achieves a bandwidth of 22% (780-980 MHz) for the lower band and a bandwidth of 68% (1470-3000 MHz) for the upper band, covering all the frequency bands for 2G/3G/LTE (4G) systems. Measured antenna gains for the array are ~12 dBi for the lower band and dBi for the upper band, suitable for potential applications in mobile communication base stations.

Predicting Radio Frequency Radiation from Mobile Communication Base Stations

While the spectrum growth is expected to increase exponentially in the future years to come, the imminent query would be as whether the current spectrum management process is capable of fulfilling all future requirements. Public interest in the potential health issues relating to cellular or mobile communication base station (BS) and other radio communication facilities emphasize the importance of having an accessible and easy to understand information on electromagnetic (EM) and radio frequency radiation (RFR) levels in the surrounding environment. The information is considered critical in order to assess the potential radiation level prior and during the roll-out of planned or future services such as the 4G, Terrestrial Trunked Radio (TETRA), Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMax), Local Multipoint Distribution Service (LMDS) and others. The paper outlines the attempts of developing a specialized software tool that can gauge the RFR concentration within a particular area. The tool encompasses; among many, the capability of facilitating as well as ensuring that the RFR monitoring activities and planning can be carried out efficiently and effectively.

Design and Development of a 2 &amp;#215; 1 Array of Slotted Microstrip Line Fed Shorted Patch Antenna for DCS Mobile Communication System

Compact microstrip antennas have recently received much attention due to the increasing demand of small antennas for personal communication equipment. The problem of achieving a wide impedance bandwidth for compact microstrip antennas is becoming an important topic in microstrip antenna design. In this paper the design and development of a 2 × 1 array of a low cost slotted microstrip line fed shorted patch antenna (MFSPA) has been presented. Both the shorted patch and microstrip line feed network have air substrate. The material cost is thus reduced to a minimum. The array consists of two adjacent patches fed, using a simple microstrip T network. The impedance bandwidth of nearly 40%, covering the bandwidth requirement of 1750 MHz band is obtained. Also the antenna exhibits dual band operation. The cross polarization radiation in H-Plane observed with a single element antenna has been reduced considerably with 2 × 1 array. A peak antenna gain of 9.2 dBi is obtained with a small variation of 0.8 dBi. From the results obtained it is clear that the antenna array studied has a low cost fabrication and is suitable for applications in DCS mobile communication base station.

An improved procedure to accurately assess the variability of the exposure to electromagnetic radiation emitted by GSM base station antennas

Long-term human exposure around Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) base station antennas has not yet been precisely established; this is of interest from human health and epidemiological perspectives. Actual exposure is difficult to assess accurately, mainly because there is a lack of technical information directly from the GSM operators. The in situ measurement standards available at present provide only a worst-case prediction method; the present work goes beyond this and proposes a methodology that, without the need for data from operators, allows a reliable way to express real exposure with a greater accuracy than all other methods proposed to date. The method is based on dual measurements of the signal strengths in the frequency domain and the time domain and takes into consideration the instantaneous traffic in GSM channels. In addition, it allows a channel-individualized exposure assessement, by making possible the separate analysis of the electric field level in the two types of channel of the GSM standard—the traffic channels and the control channels.

The application of a channel-individualized method for assessing long-term, realistic exposure to radiofrequency radiation emitted by mobile communication base station antennas

Human exposure to radiofrequency signals emitted by Global System for Mobile communications (GSM) base station antennas is still of interest from health and environmental protection perspectives, mainly in the long-term. With the technological advancement of real-time vector signal analyzers, a more precise exposure evaluation has become achievable. By using an original procedure based on tandem-in-time- and frequency-domain measurements and by experimental weighting to obtain a realistic field strength, we succeeded in expressing actual exposure in an urban, indoor location in the long run. The work covers two stages: one characterizes specificities of channels in the GSM900 downlink band, in order to improve experimental measurement capabilities, and the other assesses the exposure level inside the whole downlink band with best precision during 24h. The results confirm traffic load impact on exposure level and the importance of the experimental procedure for gaining accurate results and prediction capabilities.

A Mobile Communication Base Station Antenna Using a Genetic Algorithm Based Fabry-Pérot Resonance Optimization

We proposed a high-gain wideband resonant-type mobile communication base station antenna using a Fabry-Perot cavity (FPC) technique. To overcome inherent narrow radiation bandwidth of FPC-type antennas while keeping relatively high gain, we introduced a new superstrate structure composed of square patches and loops, which satisfies an FPC resonance condition at a target frequency region. To do that, we optimized the superstrate geometry with the help of a real-value coding hybrid genetic algorithm (RHGA). The optimized superstrate is very thin, and therefore, it can be fabricated with a single dielectric substrate, which is a fairly strong point in practical applications. Moreover, we enclosed four openings of the antenna in lateral directions to increase antenna gain with a limited aperture area. Therefore, a modified prediction method of an FPC resonance is used, which reduced the effort of complicated three-dimensional antenna optimization. Consequently, our antenna is able to operate in a wide band-width with a relatively high realized gain. Furthermore, good agreement between measured results and prediction ones confirms the validity of our design approach.

Haematological effects of radiofrequency radiation from GSM base stations on four successive generations (F1 and #8211; F4) of albino mice, &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Mus Musculus&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;

Aim: The aim of the study is to evaluate the haematological effects of radiofrequency (RF) radiation from Global Systems for Mobile Communication (GSM) base stations on four successive generations of albino mice Mus musculus were evaluated. Methods: Each generation of mice were exposed to the RF radiation from birth till they reproduced and blood samples collected. After the mice had given birth to the young ones and weaned off, the parent group was sacrificed and 500μl of blood was obtained. Estimation of hemoglobin concentration, white blood cell count, platelet count, red blood cell count, lymphocyte, pack cell volume (PCV) and red cell indices were carried out using electronic coulter counter. Results: The level of radiofrequency radiation around the base station was found to range between 0.6129V/m to 1.695V/m. In the successive generations of mice, a pattern of pancytosis was observed and significant increases were observed in the Packed Cell Volume, White Blood Cell Count, Platelet Count and Red Blood Cell Count. Conclusion: In the successive generations of exposed mice, a pattern of pancytosis was observed, as well as, an increase in the haemopoetic process which caused significant effects on bone marrow stem cell proliferation of differentiation. The effects of chronic exposure to radiofrequency radiations on peripheral blood parameters is found to be sufficient to apply the precautionary principle to discourage the indiscriminate location of GSM base stations in areas where prolonged exposure to radiofrequency radiations are likely to occur.