Mobile Commerce Services Research Articles

Flexible Spectrum Management: Approaches for India

Radio spectrum for commercial mobile services continues to be scarce. Countries around the world have recognized the importance of efficient utilization of this scarce resource and have initiated regulatory and policy steps towards flexible approaches to spectrum management, including sharing of licensed spectrum, and releasing unlicensed spectrum for mobile services. Technologies for shared access and the associated standardization activities have also progressed towards possible large scale deployments. In this paper, we analyze the evolution of spectrum management policies using a causal model and indicate how the markets can lock in to either centralized or flexible approach. We also cite a use case of a flexible spectrum management approach using spectrum band fill option and indicate its suitability to the Indian context.

Study on UX Satisfaction Index According to Types of Mobile Commerce Services

Study on UX Satisfaction Index According to Types of Mobile Commerce Services

Strategies for mHealth research: lessons from 3 mobile intervention studies.

The capacity of Mobile Health (mHealth) technologies to propel healthcare forward is directly linked to the quality of mobile interventions developed through careful mHealth research. mHealth research entails several unique characteristics, including collaboration with technologists at all phases of a project, reliance on regional telecommunication infrastructure and commercial mobile service providers, and deployment and evaluation of interventions "in the wild", with participants using mobile tools in uncontrolled environments. In the current paper, we summarize the lessons our multi-institutional/multi-disciplinary team has learned conducting a range of mHealth projects using mobile phones with diverse clinical populations. First, we describe three ongoing projects that we draw from to illustrate throughout the paper. We then provide an example for multidisciplinary teamwork and conceptual mHealth intervention development that we found to be particularly useful. Finally, we discuss mHealth research challenges (i.e. evolving technology, mobile phone selection, user characteristics, the deployment environment, and mHealth system "bugs and glitches"), and provide recommendations for identifying and resolving barriers, or preventing their occurrence altogether.

Trading Wireless Capacity Through Spectrum Virtualization Using LTE-A

Markets for spectrum were first proposed by Ronald Coase as a way to efficiently allocate this resource. It took another forty years for primary markets to be developed (in the form of spectrum auctions) as the mechanism for assigning spectrum licenses to users. It is not a secret that secondary markets would be necessary to fully realize the benefits of economic allocation of spectrum. But this is easier said than done, since spectrum is a complex, multi-dimensional product with relatively few buyers and sellers (at least for commercial mobile services), so liquid secondary markets have not emerged, even though spectrum trading through brokers is commonplace. In this paper, we find that liquidity for spectrum markets can be improved over naked spectrum markets when a standardized commodity can be traded that uses the principles of spectrum virtualization. We utilize the Physical Resource Blocks (PRBs) of LTE-Advanced as the traded commodity and modify the SPECTRAD model developed in [5] accordingly. Though much remains to be done, we find that this is a promising approach to finally realizing liquid secondary markets in radio spectrum.

Assessing Key Factor that Influence on the Acceptance of Mobile Commerce Based on Modified UTAUT

This study presents a modified Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) to examine keyfactors that affect the intention to accept and the subsequent use of mobile commerce (M-commerce) amongJordanian consumers. A survey questionnaire was used to collect data from 447 undergraduate universitystudents using a stratified random sample, and analyzed by using a structural equation modeling (SEM); byusing the WarpPLS 3.0 software. Results show that user acceptance and use of Mobile commerce services canbe predicted from the users’ behavioral intentions, which are affected significantly by Performance Expectancy,Effort Expectancy, and Social Influence. From among these variables, Social Influence is the most significantdeterminant that directly affects behavioral intention to use M-commerce services in Jordan followed by EffortExpectancy then Performance Expectancy. Facilitating Conditions and moderating variables (gender, age,monthly expense, and experience) have no significant effect on Behavioral Intention to use M-commerceservices in Jordan.Ultimately, this study finds that there is a direct effect between behavioral intention and the eventual use ofM-commerce services in Jordan. This research should help merchandisers avoid spending thousands or evenmillions of dollars that may on investments that will have little effect on whether or not the consumer willactually accept and use M-commerce. The study also gives quantified indicators and presents a model that mighthelp in understanding the M-commerce environment in Jordan. It concludes with an examination of theimplications of the research findings and offers suggestions for future research.

A Mobile User Interface For Low-Literacy Users In Rural South Africa

Information and Communication Technology services for socio-economic development of low-literacy users in rural communities in developing regions are new research contributions that seek to alleviate poverty in underserved communities. The intended users are still new to these technologies and can be described as novice users. This study was conducted to design a mobile user interface to enable low-literacy users in Dwesa community in South Africa to have access to mobile commerce services. We applied different ethnographic research methods through a usercentred design approach to actively involve the target users in the design process. This helped to identify the users’ needs and also meet users’ expectations. The usability of the mobile user interface was evaluated with the target users in the community. The user evaluation shows that the users have positive attitudes and perception of the system. The study found that the user interface conforms to the users’ cultural experience and preferences and they are also positive in their intent to use the user interface.

MSRC: (M)icropayment (S)cheme with ability to (R)eturn (C)hanges

Many micropayment schemes have been proposed in the desire to support the low-value and the high-volume purchases of some e-commerce applications such as mobile commerce services or web-based interactive video services. However it seems that no one studies how to add the ability of returning changes in micropayment schemes. In this paper, we take the lead in studying a micropayment scheme with the ability to return changes (MSRC), which reduces the hash operations in the transaction phase. When compared with previous micropayment schemes, the proposed MSRC has low computation costs and thus is more suitable and practical for mobile commerce environments, which have a limited computation capability and limited bandwidth.

M-Commerce service systems implementation

Mobile commerce supports automated banking services. However, the implementation of m-commerce services systems has become increasingly important in today’s dynamic banking environment. This research studied the relationships between technology acceptance model and m- commerce services. The results of the survey on 249 respondents in several Jordan banks revealed that technology acceptance model had a significant impact on m-commerce services. The results led to the recommendation that the technology acceptance model is a success model for support using new services for electronic commerce. In addition, managers play a significant role in influencing the mobile services in banks through social interaction. Managers should focus on relative advantage, usefulness, and ease of use, in order to develop the mobile commerce services implementation.

The Economic Value of Broadcast Innovation - Impact on the U.S. Treasury

Every day, more and more Americans begin to use smartphones, tablets, and wireless modems to access new mobile applications and services that are proliferating at an astounding pace. Some have argued that without a fundamental shift of spectrum from broadcasters to commercial wireless operators the nation will soon face a massive “mobile traffic jam” and that auctioning broadcast spectrum will deliver a revenue windfall to the U.S. Treasury. But the opposite is true. The best way to meet the projected explosive growth in mobile data is to allow broadcasters to use point-to-multipoint “Broadcast Overlay” technology to provide the most efficient possible delivery of high bandwidth data to mobile users. Simply allocating more spectrum to commercial wireless operators would do very little to address projected massive capacity shortfalls and would do even less to address Federal budget deficits. Commercial mobile networks based on “cellular” one-to-one architectures are not designed to efficiently carry the portion of mobile data traffic that is likely to grow the fastest. The U.S. Treasury would receive far less revenue from one-time auctions of reclaimed broadcast spectrum than it would from recurring ancillary service fees, if broadcasters are permitted to serve the segment of traffic that commercial mobile networks are inherently weak at delivering; viz, one-to-many/point-to-multipoint IP traffic. This paper – the first of its kind – quantifies the superiority of a mobile-friendly Broadcast Overlay service to address growing demand for mobile data. It also projects the impact on revenues to the U.S. Treasury from ancillary service fees on broadcasters that provide Overlay services. We show: The demands of a mobile data ecosystem will be too diverse to be served only by cellular networks and commercial wireless operators. Different kinds of mobile data traffic require different networks and different service models. A Broadcast Overlay service that is technically compatible with commercial wireless networks would allow users to consume more data at a lower cost with a higher quality of service. Even doubling the amount of spectrum available to commercial wireless operators using cellular architectures would do little to meet projected demand, which is expected to soar almost seventyfold by 2026. Under traditional commercial mobile service models, users can not afford to consume the amount of data on which spectrum shortage predictions are based. High costs and mobile data usage caps will severely temper demand for high bandwidth services through cellular systems. Reallocating and auctioning television broadcast spectrum would throttle innovation, permanently institutionalize today’s policy choices, and limit the development of a more varied and robust wireless ecosystem. Estimated one-time auction net receipts of less than $20 billion for re-allocated broadcast spectrum would shortchange taxpayers. We project that Broadcast Overlay ancillary service fees would yield a net present value of more than $60 billion over a 15 year forecast period, and would continue to pay billions (>$200 billion total) in dividends to the U.S. Treasury in perpetuity.

A 2D Barcode Validation System for Mobile Commerce

The wide deployment of wireless networks and mobile technologies and the significant increase in the number of mobile device users has created a very strong demand for emerging mobile commerce applications and services. Barcode-based identification and validation solutions are considered an important part of electronic commerce systems, particularly in electronic supply chain systems. This paper reports a mobile-based 2D barcode validation system as part of mobile commerce systems. This barcode-based validation solution is developed based on the Data Matrix 2D-Barcode standard to support barcode-based validation in mobile commerce systems on mobile devices. The paper demonstrates its application by building a mobile movie ticketing system.

The Adoption of Mobile Commerce Service among Employed Mobile Phone Users in Bangladesh: Self-efficacy as a Moderator

Mobile commerce or better known as M-commerce is a fairly new phenomenon in the wake of the second technology wave from the famous E-commerce (electronic commerce) in the 21st century. As the Internet started to proliferate in many parts of the world, the mobile phone penetration in terms of voice communication started to grow rapidly. This simultaneous rapid growth has caused a new phenomenon of convergence of Internet computing and mobile communication where M-commerce has its root. M-commerce has the potential to enhance the work-life within the employed mobile phone users in Bangladesh. The purpose of this study is to examine whether awareness and knowledge, convenience of Mobile devices and WAP/GPRS enabled handsets, pricing and cost, security and privacy, rich and fast information, and perceived usefulness have any influence on the adoption of M-commerce among employed Mobile phone users in two major cities in Bangladesh – Dhaka and Chittagong. A survey method was used to collect data. The findings suggest that pricing and cost, rich and fast information, and security and privacy are significant predictors of the adoption of M-commerce. Self-efficacy is found to be a moderating factor for the adoption of M-commerce services. The findings also suggest that there is no significant gender difference in terms of M-commerce adoption level among mobile users in Bangladesh.

Building an Intelligent Mobile Advertising System

The fast deployment of wireless networks and mobile technologies and the significant increase in the number of mobile device users have created a very strong demand for new innovative mobile commerce applications and services. Since mobile advertising is one of the important subjects in mobile commerce, studying and developing mobile advertising solutions becomes a hot research and business topic. This paper first discusses the basic concepts of mobile advertising. Then, it reports a mobile advertising system (known as SmartMobile-AD), including its supporting business process, functions, system architecture, and built-in technical solutions. The system supports the wireless advertising workflow for wireless service companies and publishers (or portals) to manage and deliver multimedia mobile ads to mobile users over the wireless Internet. The paper provides insights and design solutions on mobile advertisement targeting, delivery, tracking, and performance measurement. Furthermore, the paper presents application examples of the system.

Conceptualising fun in mobile commerce environments

Consumers use mobile commerce services to hedonically experience 'fun'. This research explores what consumer-oriented service strategies have been adopted to enhance the fun experience. This research is a case study using grounded theory to develop the conceptual model, represented by 15 propositions, suggesting that attention be focused in three areas; content, social and self orientations. The first, relates to the way in which the service is constructed or the service content orientation. Secondly, the personal nature of the medium focuses attention on the consumer's social orientation. Finally, the consumers' self orientation. Managerial and research implications are discussed.

Factors affecting purchase intention on mobile shopping web sites

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore a conceptual model for analyzing customers' perceptions of using mobile commerce services for online shopping. This paper provides insights into consumer behavior, and the results have important implications for designers, managers, marketers, and system providers of mobile shopping (m‐shopping) web sites.Design/methodology/approachAn empirical investigation was carried out to test the hypotheses. The samples include 369 professional participants. For testing the relationships of the model, structural equation modeling (SEM) is used.FindingsThe results demonstrate that anxiety, which is an affective barrier against using innovative systems, is a key negative predictor of a customer's intentions to use mobile phones. Also, the consumer's self‐perception of mobile skillfulness significantly affects anxiety, enjoyment, and usefulness. Furthermore, enjoyment, usefulness, and compatibility have an impact on a customer's behavioral intentions.Practical implicationsThe findings of this study help to understand what hinders or encourages the m‐shopping intention of online customers.Originality/valueThe results not only help develop a sophisticated understanding of mobile commerce theories for researchers, but they also offer useful knowledge to those involved in promoting m‐shopping to potential purchasers. The value of the paper is that the results could be applied to other portable information technology service adoptions, such as personal digital assistants (PDA), smart phones, advanced mobile phones, and portable global positioning systems (GPS).

Business Models for Mobile Commerce Services: Requirements, Design, and the Future

Mobile commerce (m-commerce) is generating considerable interest and has led to the design and development of new services, but it lacks a suitable business model. This article presents business model requirements, existing models, and ways to design effective business models for emerging m-commerce services.

Smart phone for mobile commerce

This paper surveys most of the currently available smart phones in the market. It summarizes its features and characteristics. From this study a set of must-have and desirable-to-have features for future generations of smart phones are described. The main drivers of smart phones that enable convenient and secure mobile commerce services such as electronic wallet, electronic payment, 3G broadband Internet access, and multimedia content are then described. Finally, payer-centric payment architecture is advocated to facilitate the adoption of smart phones for mobile commerce applications, in contrast to the current prevalent mode of payee-centric payment practice.

A middleware framework for managing transactions in group-oriented mobile commerce services

The emerging group-oriented mobile commerce services are receiving significant interest among researchers, developers, wireless service providers, and users. Some of these services, including mobile auctions, mobile financial services, and multi-party interactive games, are transaction-oriented and will require the network and protocol support for managing transactions. In this paper, we focus on technical challenges of managing transactions in group-oriented mobile commerce services by presenting a framework, which includes requirements, membership-management and support for dependable transactions. More specifically, we present several group-oriented mobile services, characterize transaction requirements of group-oriented m-commerce services, present protocols for membership management to support both distributed and centralized processing, and present multi-network access and agent-based system for dependable transactions.

Deconstructing mobile commerce service with continuance intention

This study develops a theory of personal values and trust in mobile commerce (m-commerce) service systems. Research hypotheses involve the satisfaction formation processes and usage continuance intentions in m-commerce service context, and the participator is selected from three private wireless telecommunication service providers in Taiwan. Results showed: consumers might not use the m-commerce service in the future without being totally satisfied with the system and their customer values; mobile technology trusting expectations were very important in the continued m-commerce service usage behaviour; and the providers might not fulfil the m-commerce service need for consumers, but satisfied with the m-commerce service delivered.

A mobile auction service based on mobile agents: design and analysis

With the advent of wireless networking and mobile computing technologies, there has been considerable interest in developing various mobile commerce services such as mobile auctions. This paper presents a mobile auction service based on mobile agents. Using a proxy server, users can generate a mobile agent by providing bidding information through a mobile terminal. The agent then moves to the required server to bid according to the user requirements. We have developed a prototype to demonstrate and evaluate the basic functions in a wireless network. Furthermore, we have formulated a mathematical model to analyse the commonly used 'proxy bidding method' for the mobile auction system. Based on the distribution of the maximum bidding price, the model can be used to find the probability of stopping at a certain price and, hence, the average winning price. Simulation and analytical results are presented to demonstrate the behaviour of the system.

Barriers to mobile commerce adoption: an analysis framework for a country-level perspective

This research examines and categorises the country-level adoption barriers of mobile commerce services, and tests those barriers in a case study of one country. The outcomes of the research presented in this paper are a broad framework of mobile commerce barriers that might be applicable when undertaking a country-level analysis, and a case study which tests the value of this framework in helping to uncover the specific barriers of mobile commerce adoption in one example country, New Zealand.